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Vlptlcjlr :7, :7>6

Vlf`hm Khtlrhntk`hni R`resd`p `h FNMNVKI

Cnre Hlis`h

Jurikhbt`h, _lrc`ht

C`uht Cnhsoklim \hkvlrskty `o _lrc`ht

W`tnsskuc fdnhhlis, Hlur`vnsfuinr F`upikhb, FNMNVKI

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"Nhm wdnt pdyskfknhs sny nj`ut mkslnsl ks nppikfnjil dlrl1 tdnt

nt tdl jlbkhhkhb n mkslnsl ks lnsy t` furl jut mkookfuit t`

mknbh`sl5 jut ns tkcl pnssls, h`t dnvkhb jllh trlntlm `rrlf`bhkzlm nt tdl `utslt, kt jlf`cls lnsy t` mknbh`sl jut

mkookfuit t` furl. ]dl sncl tdkhb `ffurs kh noonkrs `o stntl5 o`r jy

rlf`bhkzkhb or`c nonr tdl mkslnsls tdnt nrl sprlnmkhb kh tdl

stntl (wdkfd ks n bkot bkvlh `hiy t` n prumlht ruilr), tdly fnh jl

furlm qukfeiy5 jut wdlh tdly nrl h`t rlf`bhkzlm nhm nrl ilot t`

br`w t` tdl lxtlht tdnt lvlry`hl rlf`bhkzls tdlc, tdlrl ks h`

i`hblr nhy furl.

Hkff`i` Cnfdknvliik(nen Onjrkfl Mnjlrtrnhm)

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O`hmntk`h Ilmufq ]rnhsntinhtkf Hltw`re `o Lxfliilhfl

Wntd`blhlsks `o Vcnii _lssli Mkslnsl `o tdl Jrnkh

Lur`plnh F``rmkhnt`r

Nhhl A@\]LI (Ornhfl)

KHVLZC Zlslnrfd Mkrlft`r

Blhltkfs `o _nsfuinr Mkslnsls Inj`rnt`ry-

KHVLZC

\hkvlrskty Wnrks2-Mlhks Mkmlr`t

>7 nvlhul ml _lrmuh, 27 Wnrks, Ornhfl

nhhl.a`utliGuhkv-pnrks-mkmlr`t.or

Wd`hl1 7>

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Jrnkh survkvni

Nut`rlbuintk`h1 Cnkhtnkhkhb f`hstnhtji``m oi`w kh rlsp`hsl t` ji``m

prlssurl oiuftuntk`hs.

Hlur`vnsfuinr f`upikhb1 Zlbk`hnif`upikhb `o flrljrni ji``m oi`w t` tdl

cltnj`ikf mlcnhm `o hlur`hs.

]dl jrnkh p`sslssls khtrkhskf clfdnhkscs jy wdkfd ktsvnsfuinr suppiy fnh jl vnrklm i`fniiy kh f`rrlsp`hmlhfl

wktd i`fni vnrkntk`hs `o ouhftk`hni nftkvkty (Z`y nhm

Vdlrrkhbt`h, >4;7)

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Kcpikfntk`hs `o hlur`vnsfuinr

f`upikhb

Ouhftk`hni jrnkh kcnbkhb jy c`hkt`rkhb

i`fni flrljrni ji``m oi`w wktd oCZK.

\hmlrstnhmkhb `o jrnkh mkslnsls tdnt nrl

nss`fkntlm wktd hlur`vnsfuinr

mysouhftk`h, khfiumkhb str`el, Nizdlkclrs,

vnsfuinr mlclhtkn, dyplrtlhsk`h.

C`muintk`h `o hlurni pr`flsskhb.

]d H i \ k

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]dl Hlur`vnsfuinr \hkt

Nrtlrk`ils kh tdl jrnkh nrl lhfnslm jy nstr`fytkf

pr`flssls

Knmlf`in,

Hnturl

Zlvklws,

Hlur`sfklhfl,

:77=

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]dl Hlur`vnsfuinr \hkt

>7 c

Nstr`fytl

lhmollt

Vc``td cusfil

WlrkfytlLhm`tdlikuc

Hlur`hs

Nstr`fytl lhmollt f`cpiltliy lhfnsl tdl khtrnflrljrni vnsfuinturl nhm nrl tdus

uhkquliy p`sktk`hlm t` mlikvlr skbhnikhb c`ilfuinr t` tdl uhmlriykhb sc``td

cusfil

Lhm`tdlikni fliis ikhl tdl iuclh `o tdl nrtlrk`ils, nhm f`ccuhkfntl ji``m-j`rhlskbhnis t` sc``td cusfil t` noolft t`hl

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N pinstkf lcuisk`h wns khalftlm kht` tdl jrnkh vlsslis, nhm

jrnkh pnrlhfdycni tkssul wns mkss`ivlm

(Qi`e`vkf & Npuzz`, >;;45 Ikppkhf`tt Rkiikncs & Rkiekhs)

Hlur`vnsfuinr f`upikhb

Muhh, E. C. nhm C. ]. Hlis`h (:7>7). "W`tnsskuc Fdnhhlis nhm

Hlur`vnsfuinr F`upikhb." Fkrfuintk`h A`urhni 2=(=)1 ?74-?>?

Ilvli `o nstr`fytkf lhmo``tFn:+ mltlrckhls wdltdlr nh

nmanflht nrtlrk`il mkintls `r

f`hstrkfts mlplhmkhb

`h plrkvnsfuinr E+.

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Khdlrktlm scnii vlssli mkslnsl fnuskhb

str`el nhm sujf`rtkfni vnsfuinr mlclhtkntdnt stnrts kh lnriy nmuitd``m nhmpr`brlssls `vlr tkcl.

FNMNVKI

Fnuslm jy cutntk`hs kh H@]FD6 blhl

Or`c Fdnjrknt D lt ni. Inhflt Hlur i. :77; Aui54(2)1?=6-7 nhm >>

rlqukrlm o`r ikbnhm jkmkhb

Clfdnhkscs ikhekhb H`tfd6 cutntk`h t` vnsfuinr kcpnkrclht rlcnkh lhkbcntkf

Flrljrni

Nut`s`cni

M`ckhnht

Nrtlrk`pntdy wktd

Vujf`rtkfni

Khonrfts &

Iluf`lhflpdni`pntdy

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]dl c`usl c`mli

I`ss `o H`tfd6 fnusls strufturni nhm ouhftk`hni nitlrntk`hs `o scnii nrtlrkls, jut m`ls

h`t fnusl FNMNVKI pntd`i`by. (Iku lt ni Fkrf Zls :7>7)

Nhhl A`utli nhm f`w`relrs uslm n W>-mlrkvlm nrtkokfkni fdr`c`s`cl-jnslmtrnhsblhlsks t` `vlrlxprlss H`tfd6 kh nh lhm`blh`us-ikel lxprlssk`h pnttlrh. Ikhl

>:; `vlrlxprlssls (x=) rnt wkim-typl H`tfd6 blhl, nhm ikhl 44 `vlrlxprlssls (x=) n

FNMNVKI o`rc H`tfd6Z>?;F.

H`h-]b ]bH`tfd6R] ]bH`tfd6Z>?;F

H`tfd6

H`tfd6

H`tfd6

H`tfd6H`tfd6

H`tfd6

H`tfd6H`tfd6

H`tfd6 H`tfd6

H`tfd6

H`tfd6

H`tfd6Z>?;F H`tfd6

H`tfd6

H`tfd6Z>?;FH`tfd6Z>?;F

H`tfd6Z>?;F

H`tfd6Z>?;FH`tfd6Z>?;F

H`tfd6Z>?;F

H`tfd6Z>?;F

A`utli N lt ni. A Fikh Khvlst. (:7>7) >:7(:)1=66-=

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[`uhb ]bZ>?;F (7) >:7(:)1=66-=

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Z`k Fn:+ c`vkls `hiy

Wnrlhfdycni nrtlrk`il wktd pnrlht ckmmil flrljrni nrtlry

(Zlm, nqunp`rkh = (nstr`fytl) stnkhkhb)

(Or`c Dnhhnd lt ni., AFJOC, :7>>)

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Clcjrnhl p`tlhtkni nhm mkncltlr clnsurlclhts `o prlssurkzlm

pnrlhfdycni nrtlrk`il

Lmbl mltlftk`hsystlc

Wrlssurkzlm

WN (=7 cc Db)

ckfr`lilftr`ml

Fnhhuin

C`hkt`r]kl

Clcjrnhl p`tlhtkni

(c_)

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\prlbuintk`h `o p`tnsskuc

fdnhhli nftkvkty t` `pp`slkhfrlnsls kh khtrnvnsfuinr

prlssurl

`hl wny NH@_N

FNMNVKI pnrlhfdycni nrtlrk`ils f`hstrkft ilss t`

khtrnvnsfuinr prlssurl

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Zlskstnhfl-skzlm clslhtlrkf nrtlrkls mkspiny

h`rcni cy`blhkf t`hl

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K`h fdnhhli f`htr`i `o sc``td cusfil clcjrnhl p`tlhtkni

nhm khtrnfliiuinr fnifkuc

Ev1 _`itnbl-mlplhmlht p`tnsskuc fdnhhli.

JEFn1 Inrbl-f`hmuftnhfl, fnifkuc-slhsktkvl p`tnsskuc fdnhhli.

Ekr1 Vtr`hb khwnrm rlftkoklr p`tnsskuc fdnhhli. Nftkvntlm jy lxtlrhni E+ nhm clcjrnhl

p`tlhtkni dyplrp`inrkzntk`h.KEFn1 Khtlrclmkntl f`hmuftnhfl, fnifkuc-nftkvntlm p`tnsskuc fdnhhli.

VEFn1 Vcnii f`hmuftnhfl, fnifkuc-nftkvntlm p`tnsskuc fdnhhli.

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Lxtlrhni E+` ks n p`tlht nhm rnpkm vns`mkint`r nhm f`hstrkft`r

`o prlssurkzlm (47 cc Db) flrljrni nrtlrkls

Eh`t lt ni., A. Wdysk`i., >;;4

>> >?:>

Hks`imkpkhl(>7 hC)

Lxtlrhni UE S(cC)

+

:? 6>6? =>

4>?>

677

Nstr`fytkf

Lhmo``t Fnifkuc

JE

Wlrkvnsfuinr E+

Mkintk`h

9:7 cC

F`hstrkftk`h

8:7 cC

Fnifkuc fdnhhli khdkjkt`r

Mkintk`h t`Ekr:.> nftkvntk`h

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Clcjrnhl p`tlhtkni `o vnsfuinr sc``td cusfil mltlrckhls

nrtlrkni mkncltlr nhm dlhfl ji``m oi`w

(Lxtlrhni E+ rlbuintls clcjrnhl p`tlhtkni)

Eh`t & Hlis`h, A Wdysk`i >;;4

Fnifkuc fdnhhlis khdkjktlm

Mlntd

Ikol

Mlntd

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Mkintk`h nhm f`hstrkftk`h t` lilvntk`h `o UE+S7 or`c 6 t` ?7

cC nrl uhnoolftlm kh FNMNVKI

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Clcjrnhl p`tlhtkni `o nrtlrk`inr sc``td cusfil or`c

FNMNVKI ckfl ks dyplrp`inrkzlm nt =7 cc Db

H`h-]b

]bF`htr`i

]bZ>?;F

_c (c_)

-6=

7.?

-6.?

-==.:

>.=

=7

cc Db

-

-

>7

cc Db

`hl wny NH@_N

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K`h fdnhhli f`htr`i `o sc``td cusfil clcjrnhl p`tlhtkni

nhm khtrnfliiuinr fnifkuc

Ev1 _`itnbl-mlplhmlht p`tnsskuc fdnhhli.

JEFn1 Inrbl-f`hmuftnhfl, fnifkuc-slhsktkvl p`tnsskuc fdnhhli.

Ekr1 Vtr`hb khwnrm rlftkoklr p`tnsskuc fdnhhli. Nftkvntlm jy lxtlrhni E+ nhm clcjrnhl

p`tlhtkni dyplrp`inrkzntk`h.KEFn1 Khtlrclmkntl f`hmuftnhfl, fnifkuc-nftkvntlm p`tnsskuc fdnhhli.

VEFn1 Vcnii f`hmuftnhfl, fnifkuc-nftkvntlm p`tnsskuc fdnhhli.

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Ncpd`tlrkfkh J

p`rl

Mkrlft clnsurlclhts `o p`tnsskuc fdnhhli nftkvkty uskhb

tdl pntfd fincp tlfdhkqul

Nmnptlm or`c dttp1//pntfd-fincp.kho`/tlfdhkquls/tlfdhkquls.dtc

-47 c_ -27 c_

+?7 c_

-=7 c_

Lxplrkclht f`hmuftlm kh tdl njslhfl `o

Fn:+, nhm kh prlslhfl `o JE ji`felr

pnxkiikhl

@jalftkvl1 f`cpnrl furrlhts or`c

ks`intlm nrtlrk`inr sc``td cusfil flii

likfktlm jy v`itnbl puisls or`c

-27 c_ t` +?7 c_.

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Furrlht mlhsktkls nrl mkoolrlht or`c -67 c_ t` ?7 c_

Furrlht mlhskty `o v`itnbl-mlplhmlht E+ fdnhhlis ks brlntlr kh FNMNVKI

(flii clcjrnhl suronfl nrln ks uhnoolftlm)

`hl wny NH@_N

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Wrlssurl-khmuflm f`hstrkftk`hs nrl uhnitlrlm nt i`wlr prlssurls (967 cc Db)

jut cy`blhkf t`hl ks mlfrlnslm nt pdysk`i`bkfni prlssurls kh j`td pkni nrtlrklsnhm pnrlhfdycni nrtlrk`ils (WNs) or`c FNMNVKI ckfl.

Kcpikfntk`h1 Wrlssurl-mlplhmlht clfdnhksc ks nitlrlm kh FNMNVKI.

D`wlvlr, f`htrnftkil ouhftk`h ks prlslrvlm wktd mkncltlr fdnhbls t`

p`tnsskuc jlkhb uhnitlrlm.

WNs or`c FNMNVKI ckfl sd`w n c`rl dyplrp`inrkzlm clcjrnhl p`tlhtkni nt

=7 cc Db. JE, KE, VE fdnhhlis nhm lH@V ouhftk`h m` h`t npplnr mkoolrlht kh FNMNVKI

c`usl.

_`itnbl-mlplhmlht p`tnsskuc (Ev) fdnhhli furrlht mlhskty ks lilvntlm kh

flrljr`vnsfuinr sc``td cusfil fliis or`c FNMNVKI ckfl.

Wrlssurl _c

mlp`inrkzntk`hUFn:+Sk Mkncltlr FJO

Ev

JE, LF ouhftk`h (KE, VE, lH@V)

Flrljrni Ji``m Oi`w nut`rlbuintk`h ks nitlrlm kh

FNMNVKI

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Vujnrnfdh`km dlc`rrdnbl ji``m khfrlnsls prlssurl-khmuflm f`hstrkftk`hs

tdr`ubd m`whrlbuintk`h `o v`itnbl-mlplhmlht p`tnsskuc fdnhhlis

Cnsny` E`kml

Nmrknh J`hlv

Bl`rbl Rliicnh

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E`kml lt ni.NAW:772Ksdkbur` lt ni. Fkrf Zls :77?

Ev fdnhhli trnookfekhb ks rlbuintlm jy cltnii`pr`tlkhnsl (CCW) tdr`ubd

dlpnrkh jkhmkhb lpkmlrcni br`wtd onft`r ikel br`wtd onft`r (LBOZ)

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Dlpnrkh-jkhmkhb Lpkmlrcni Br`wtd Onft`r (DJ-LBO)

khmufls Ev furrlht supprlssk`h

E`kml lt ni.NAW Dlnrt Fkrf Wdysk`i. :772 Vlp5:;6(6)1D>2

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Wnkrlm ]-tlst

DJ-LBO rlst`rls cy`blhkf rlsp`hsl kh flrljrni

nrtlrkls or`c FNMNVKI c`usl

F

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Or`c E`kml :772

Lxflss `o H`tfd6LFM njh`rcniiy stnjkikzls ]KCW6

(B@C o`rcntk`h), wdkfd khfrlnsls Ev fdnhhlis nt tdl

clcjrnhl t` `pp`sl prlssurl-khmuflm f`hstrkftk`h

sdlmmkhb

H`tfd6LFM

H`tfd6KFMBlhl lxprlssk`h (Ev >.

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]w` nppr`nfdls t` rlst`rl cy`blhkf t`hl kh

FNMNVKI

Blhltkf rlmuftk`h `o ]KCW-6

rlst`rls cy`blhkf t`hl kh

p`stlrk`r flrljrni nrtlrkls(kh Wnrks)

Wdnrcnf`i`bkf nftkvntk`h `o LBOZ

rlst`rls cy`blhkf t`hl kh

pnrlhfdycni nrtlrk`ils(kh Jurikhbt`h)

N clfdnhksc jy wdkfd H`tfd6 cutntk`h ilnms t` n vnsfuinr

kcpnkrclht

Wilk`tr`pkf loolft `o H`tfd6Z>?;F vkn

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I`fni ji``m oi`w

Nstr`fytl lhmo``t

Vc``td cusfil

Lhm`tdlikuc

JE

E+E+E+

F`hstrkftk`h

Mkintk`h

E+

Ekr

LC

WIN:NN

Wr`stnbinhmkhs/

pr`stnfyfikh

Mkintk`h

I`fni ji``m oi`w

++

-

:7-DL]L

LL]

Fn:+ wnvl

Hlur`hni nftkvkty

Fnrt``h or`c Br` Eiktbnnrm W`vislh

Wilk`tr`pkf loolft `o H`tfd6Z>?;F vkn

B@C0

B@C o`rcntk`h

B i @ k dkik C t k i (B@C) m t t m

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> c

Brnhuinr @sck`pdkikf Cntlrkni (B@C) nrl mltlftlm

jltwllh sc``td cusfil fliis nhm nstr`fytkf lhmo``t

Or`c Nhhl A`utli

CL]D@MV

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Jrnkh sikfls i`nmlm wktd

Oiu`-=.NC

. LOV, Fn:+ uhfnbkhb

>. F`r`hni jrnkh sikfls or`c hl`hntni rnts W; (>:< hC )

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Hlur`vnsfuinr f`upikhb1 Lilvntk`h `o nstr`fytkf lhmo``t

Fn:+ fnusls vns`mkintk`h

LOV 3 Lilftrkfni Oklim Vtkcuintk`h

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LOV-khmuflm mkintk`h ks rlmuflm kh

FNMNVKI ckfl

:

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LOV-khmuflm Fn:+ khfrlnsl kh nstr`fytkf

lhmo``t ks rlmuflm kh FNMNVKI ckfl

Onstlr UFn:+S mlfny kh lhmollt or`c

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E 7.76:>

Dnio Ikol >:.?> 4.>; 2.

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R`rekhb Dyp`tdlsks1

Lnriy f`hslqulhfl `o FNMNVKI ks

uprlbuintk`h `o Ev >.< lxprlssk`h nhm nftkvktywdkfd ilnms t` f`cpr`ckslm nut`rlbuintk`h.

Lilvntk`h `o tdl cltnii`pr`tlkhnsl ]KCW6 kh

B@C ilnms t` nh khfrlnsl kh suronfl

lxprlssk`h `o Ev fdnhhlis.

Mlfrlnslm cy`blhkf t`hl w`uim mkckhksd

vns`mkint`r fnpnfkty, nhm tdlrljy

hlur`vnsfuinr f`upikhb. FNMNVKI ikeliy nttlhuntls nstr`fytl lhmo``t

fnifkuc skbhnikhb t` mlflnsl hlur`vnsfuinr

f`upikhb.

N e i m t

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Nfeh`wilmblclhts

Ouhmkhb1Nclrkfnh Dlnrt Nss`fkntk`h, ]`tcnhClmkfni Zlslnrfd ]rust, Iuhmjlfe O`uhmntk`h

Hntk`hni Khstktutl `o Dlnitd, O`hmntk`h Ilmufq

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A`hntdnh Ilm`ux

Nmrknh J`hlv

Onjrkfl Mnjlrtrnhm

Nhhl A`utli

Fdrkstli Erkbnnrm

Fnrclh Fnp`hl

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Clrfk! Mnhel! ]dnhe [`u!

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Clrfk! Mnhel! ]dnhe [`u!

]dl Inj

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