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Marine Governance in an
Industrialised OceanA case study of the UK’s emerging
Marine Renewable Energy industry
Glen Wright
Australian National University College of Law
www.GlenWright.net
PhD presentation
11 November 2014
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Overview Context
NZ Kaipara Harbour project – a story
Marine governance
Policy context – ‘Blue Growth’
Research question
Marine Renewable Energy
Research Aims
Questions
Approach
Findings
Publications Published papers
Current projects
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Marine Governance
Rights and ownership (seabed leasing/tenure)
Resource management (managing access to marine
resources)
Environmental interactions (sustainable development of
resources)
Managing ocean space (conflicts between users)
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The ‘Blue Growth’ agenda
"harness the untapped potential of Europe's oceans, seas
and coasts for jobs and growth... whilst safeguarding
biodiversity and protecting the marine environment" (EU)
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How can evolving marine governance
frameworks support development of
innovative new marine industries, while
also protecting an increasingly fragile and
crowded marine environment?
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Offshore wind
Wave and tidal
Full-scale prototype devices and testing
Commercial projects, e.g.:
Meygen - 86 x 1MW, 1.1km2
Pelamis - 15-20 devices, 1km2
Marine Renewable Energy
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Why marine renewables as a
case study of modern marine governance?
At the intersection of a number of discourses
Renewable energy/climate mitigation
Innovation/technology & law/regulation
Marine governance/ocean industrialisation
Challenges all aspects of marine governance
Requires exclusive use of large areas - conflicts
Limited resource, competition over access
Uncertain environmental impacts
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Research Aims Advance marine governance
Exploring key issues as they apply in practice
Providing a framework for assessing national marine
governance reform efforts
Advance the MRE industry
Assessing the UK as a leading jurisdiction
Detailing & disseminating good practice
Contributing to the growing social sciences literature
Feed into ongoing policy processes, particularly in EU
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Rights & Ownership Rights = the basis for projects
'Enclosure' of marine space
‘Privatisation’ of the marine environment
Public vs. private rights
Rights of public, communities,
indigenous people
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Resource management Who can access the resources?
Under what conditions?
What is the process for distributing these rights?
1. Underlying principles
2. A sound process
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Environmental interactions Encourage innovation, protect the marine environment
Precaution vs. Risk/Uncertainty
“marine energy attracts a depth of scrutiny from environmental regulators and statutory nature conservation bodies that more established marine industries such as fishing and shipping have managed to escape.”
(Merry 2014)
Rochdale Envelope
Deploy & Monitor
Adaptive Management
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Managing ocean space Marine Spatial Planning vs. ocean zoning
What is the role of planning tools?
What role do emerging industries play?
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Approach to Research
Desktop research – application of existing literature to MRE context/using MRE to consider governance issues
Primary research – interviews with MRE developers
Participation in ongoing processes
Marine Scotland MSP workshops
ISSMER
DG-MARE MSP project
PhD ‘by publication’
Outline paper
Paper on each theme
Publication of primary research findings
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Published papers
‘Ocean energy: a legal perspective’ (2013) 8(1) Journal of Ocean Technology
‘Marine governance in an industrialised ocean: A case study of the emerging marine renewable energy industry’ (2014) Marine Policy (in press)
Rights and Ownership in Sea Country: a case study of marine renewable energy development in indigenous and island communities’ (2014) Marine Policy (collaborative paper, in press)
‘Regulating the Marine Renewable Energy Industry: a preliminary assessment of UK permitting processes’ (2014) 32(1) Journal of Underwater Technology
‘Strengthening the Role of Science in Marine Governance through Environmental Impact Assessment: a case study of the marine renewable energy industry’ (2014) 99 Journal of Ocean and Coastal Management
'The Rochdale Envelope Approach to Environmental Impact Assessment: A review of use and challenges in the context of renewable energy project development’ (under review)
‘A tidal power project’ (2011) New Zealand Law Journal
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In progress
A legal research agenda for MRE – collaborative paper
with 8 international researchers
Publication of interview results
‘Sustainably advancing the Blue Economy: EIA of
Marine Renewable Energy projects in the UK’ (invited
book chapter, in progress)
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Thank you!