MARAMA Training on NSR/PSD/GHG March 27, 2012 Himanshu Vyas
Transcript of MARAMA Training on NSR/PSD/GHG March 27, 2012 Himanshu Vyas
MARAMA Training on NSR/PSD/GHGMarch 27, 2012Himanshu Vyas
PSD Terms Subject to Regulation‐ Any pollutant subject to regulation under the Act, except Hazardous Air Pollutants (CAA Section 112)
Baseline Actual Emissions (BAE)‐ The emissions before the change to the facility takes place.
Significant‐ A rate of emissions (TPY) that would equal or exceed any of the rates listed in 40 CFR 52.21 b(23)
Electric Utility Steam Generating Units (EGUs)‐ any steam electric generating unit that is constructed for the purpose of supplying more than one‐third of its potential electric output capacity and more than 25 MW electrical output to any utility power distribution system for sale. 52.21b(31).
How is PSD Triggered? In order to trigger PSD:
1. Pollutant must be subject to regulation*&
2. Facility is major (250/100 tpy)**&
3. Significant increase (step 1)&
4. Significant NET emissions increase (step 2)
*Important for GHGs!**unless modification itself > 250/100 TPY
What is Step 1? Step 1 for PSD compares emissions before the change to
emissions after the change
Step 1: first half of the “Applicability Equation”:
Post‐Change Emissions – Baseline Actual Emissions = Emissions Increase or Decrease.
If the increase is not significant here.
If the increase is significant then to step 2
Baseline Actual Emissions (BAE)
Average of any consecutive 24‐month period in last 10 years (5 for EGUs*) selected by owner/operator
Calculated on a unit‐by‐unit basis
*can be extended to 10 years if facility demonstrates it is more representative of normal source operation
BAE: Important Points BAE DOES include:
Startup, Shutdown, and Malfunction emissions Fugitive emissions* Adjusted emissions for new applicable requirements (except for
EGUs)
BAE DOES NOT include: Emissions in excess of a legally enforceable limit
* All major sources must include fugitive emissions when calculating whether a physical change or change in operations constitutes a "major modification" subject to NSR requirements, regardless if they are section 302(j) sources
Fugitive Emission Notes: On March 8, 2011, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
issued an interim rule to stay a December 2008 rule known as “ the Fugitive Emissions Rule.”
The Fugitive Emissions Rule required fugitive emissions to only be included in an applicability determination when sources are within industries that have been designated through rulemaking under section 302(j) of the Act (so‐called “section 302(j) sources")
As a result, the stay reverts the requirements back to those in the NSR Rules that existed prior to the December 2008 rule:
Presently, all major sources must include fugitive emissions when calculating whether a physical change or change in operations constitutes a "major modification" subject to NSR requirements, regardless if they are section 302(j) sources.
BAE: Important Points (cont’d) When a project involves multiple emissions units the same 24‐month period must be used to determine BAE, however, a different 24‐month period can be used for each pollutant.
Where federal NANSR rules not incorporated by reference (IBR’d), state rules may differ.
Establishing a 24‐month period for one pollutant
2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002Emissionunit A
Emissionunit B
Emissionunit C
Emissionunit D
Baseline Actual Emissions Example: Multiple emissions units/one pollutant
“Look back" for EGUs (5YRS)“Look back” for non‐EGUs
For EGUs: Any desired 24 month period past the 5 year look back must be justified
Establishing a 24‐month period for individual pollutants Emissionunit 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002
A
B
C
D
Baseline Actual Emissions Example: Multiple emissions units/ one pollutant
“Look back" for EGUs (5YRS)“Look back” for non‐EGUs
For EGUs: Any desired 24 month period past the 5 year look back must be justified
Establishing a 24‐month period for individual pollutants Emissionunit 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002
A
B
C
D
Baseline Actual Emissions Example: Multiple emissions units/ one pollutant
“Look back" for EGUs (5YRS)“Look back” for non‐EGUs
For EGUs: Any desired 24 month period past the 5 year look back must be justified
Baseline Actual EmissionsNon‐EGUs
Establishing a 24‐month period for each different pollutant
Pollutant 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002
A. NOx
B. VOC
C. SO2
D. PM‐10
Baseline Actual EmissionsNon‐EGUs
Establishing a 24‐month period for each different pollutant
Pollutant 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002
A. NOx
B. VOC
C. SO2
D. PM‐10
Example – PSD Step 1Unit 1 Actual NOx Emissions
Year 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002
(TPY) 80 20 45 30 65 50 75 60 40 3524monthavg
Calculate 24‐month averages
Will the facility want to pick a high BAE or low BAE?
Example (cont’d)Unit 1 Actual NOx Emissions
Year 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002
(TPY) 80 20 45 30 65 50 75 60 40 3524monthavg 50
Example (cont’d)Unit 1 Actual NOx Emissions
Year 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002
(TPY) 80 20 45 30 65 50 75 60 40 3524monthavg 50 32.5
Example (cont’d)Unit 1 Actual NOx Emissions
Year 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002
(TPY) 80 20 45 30 65 50 75 60 40 3524monthavg 50 32.5 37.5
Example (cont’d)Unit 1 Actual NOx Emissions
Year 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002
(TPY) 80 20 45 30 65 50 75 60 40 3524monthavg 50 32.5 37.5 47.5
Example (cont’d)Unit 1 Actual NOx Emissions
Year 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002
(TPY) 80 20 45 30 65 50 75 60 40 3524monthavg 50 32.5 37.5 47.5 57.5
Example (cont’d)Unit 1 Actual NOx Emissions
Year 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002
(TPY) 80 20 45 30 65 50 75 60 40 3524monthavg 50 32.5 37.5 47.5 57.5 62.5
Example (cont’d)Unit 1 Actual NOx Emissions
Year 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002
(TPY) 80 20 45 30 65 50 75 60 40 3524monthavg 50 32.5 37.5 47.5 57.5 62.5 67.5
Example (cont’d)Unit 1 Actual NOx Emissions
Year 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002
(TPY) 80 20 45 30 65 50 75 60 40 3524monthavg 50 32.5 37.5 47.5 57.5 62.5 67.5 50
Example (cont’d)Unit 1 Actual NOx Emissions
Year 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002
(TPY) 80 20 45 30 65 50 75 60 40 3524monthavg 50 32.5 37.5 47.5 57.5 62.5 67.5 50 37.5
Example (cont’d)Unit 1 Actual NOx Emissions
Year 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002
(TPY) 80 20 45 30 65 50 75 60 40 3524monthavg 50 32.5 37.5 47.5 57.5 62.5 67.5 50 37.5
Highest: 67.5 TPY (2004‐2005)Lowest: 32.5 TPY (2009‐2010)
In general, a facility will want BAE to be the highest of the consecutive 24‐month periods…..
??Why??
Example (cont’d)If a units emissions after the change are 80 TPY:
80 TPY – 67.5 TPY = 12.5 TPY…does not trigger PSD for NOx
80 TPY – 32.5 TPY = 47.5 TPY…DOES trigger PSD for NOx before netting (step 2)
A higher BAE means a lower emissions increase.
Important Points
24‐month average does not need to be based on calendar years, used in example for simplicity.
STEP 1Now you know how to calculate emissions BEFOREthe change, but how do you calculate emissions
AFTER the change?
…that’s in the next presentation!
Questions/Comments/DiscussionHimanshu Vyas215‐814‐2112