LEARN: Motion transformation using simple machines

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LEARN: Motion transformation using simple machines

How it works?

Science behind motion transformation using simple machines:

? Insert 1 pc AA battery in the battery compartment. ? Turn the switch on.? The assembled basketball stand will start moving from the left to the right. To play, first select the desired distance between the basketball stand and the catapult. ? Then aim at the basketball basket by tapping the catapult sling with your finger. ? This fun challenge requires skill as well as luck to make a successful shot. So test yourself and give it your best shot

This is a D.I.Y (do-it-yourself) educational science kit that provides useful knowledge about simple physics. “You'll be amazed” to learn realistic concepts of basic physical theory through exciting activities.

To explain how Aim N shoots kit works, the rotational power of the motor is converted to left-and right motion. If you look at the bottom of the basket stand, you can see the gearbox cap's rotational motion pushes the basket ball stand from left to right and from right to left. The rotational motion is converted to the left-and right motion in this way. The mini basketball is shot by tapping the catapult sling. The catapult acts like a lever. When you tap it, the lever transfers the downward force to the other side and turns it into upward force. This makes the mini basketball shoots up. You can place the catapult at different distance from the basketball stand. The longer the distance, the larger the tapping force is needed.

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How does water slide work?

Do you know?

Mangonel

Trebuchet Springald

Onager

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For what purpose ancient people used catapult?

A catapult is a machine that works like a slingshot or a bow and arrow. In the Middle Ages, they were used to hurl heavy rocks and pieces of metal across the moats and over the castle walls. Some of the catapults had a range of 1/4 mile and could throw a stone weighing 60 pounds. The power came from how the catapults were constructed. The twists were made of sinew (animal tendons), horsetails or human hair. Inserted into this was a lever made of wood and bound with leather. At the end of the arm or lever, was a sling. To shoot the stones, the arm (lever) was brought down and released shooting the missile from the sling. When the Romans fought Carthage in 140 BC, the Carthaginian women cut off their hair for the twists of the catapults. In World War I, the soldiers made catapults that flung grenades and poison-gas bombs. Sometimes the bombs were put in tin cans filled with gunpowder or dynamite. In naval warfare, a catapult is used to launch planes from the decks of the aircraft.

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Quiz

1. What would happen if the distance between the bucket and catapult becomes so close? (a) There will be more chance to hit the ball into the bucket (b) There will be less chance to hit the ball into the bucket (c) There is no effect

2. What path would the ball follow after tapping? (a) Straight line (b) Circular path (c) Curve (d) Zig –zag

Additional DIY

1. Give It Your Best

i. Draw free-body diagrams of a projectile at various points on its path, using vectors to represent the horizontal and vertical velocities. ii. Calculate the horizontal and vertical components of position and velocity. iii. Determine the net force, position, and velocity vectors.

Pencil-and-Paper Tasks

In this activity, students will make their own latex ball. They will then design and construct a catapult to propel their latex ball at various targets. The catapult segment integrates with science units on simple machines and will incorporate math, language arts, and social studies curriculum on the middle Ages.

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Materials required:

To Make a latex ball2 plastic cups - 3 oz size

20 mL vinegar

pH paper

20 mL latex

spoon

25 ml graduated cylinder

markerspaper towels

goggles and a pan or sink with water

To Make catapult

Plastic spoon Rubber bands

6 elastic bands

Base block 3/4" x 8" x 4" Hammers

2 tongue depressors Meter sticks or measuring tapes

Lever board 1/4" x 6" x 1" Small eye screws

6 nails

Serial. No Additional supplies

1

2

3

45

6

7

8

9

Procedure:

MAKING A LATEX BALL:

Step 1: Put on your goggles. Measure 20 mL of tap water using the graduated cylinder. Pour it in a plastic cup. With a marker, make a line of the side of the cup indicating the volume of 20 mL. Pour the water out of the cup.

Step 2: Pour the latex into the marked cup so that you have 20 mL of latex in the cup.

Step 3: In the other cup, add 20 mL of vinegar. Test the pH of the vinegar by placing a pH indicator paper into the cup to see if it is an acid or a base.

Step 4: Pour the vinegar into the latex and stir with a spoon.

Step 5: Carefully take the mixture out of the cup and roll it into a ball with your hands.

Step 6: Rinse the ball in a pan or sink of water and squeeze out any bubbles.

Step 7: Pat the ball dry with paper towels.

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MAKING A CATAPULT:

Step 1: Students should work in a group of 2-3 to design and construct the catapult.

Step 2: Each group should be given a bag of catapult building materials. Each group will get one bag of supplies and they should first design their plan on paper before beginning to build it.

Step 3: Additional building supplies such as hammers, elastic pieces and nails - screws should be provided at a designated area.

Step 4: Students should draw their plans on paper first before starting to build.

Step 5: When their initial design is drawn, they may begin to build their catapult.

Step 6: When they have completed their catapult, they may attempt to hurl their ball at a target.

1• Attach the basketball base (11) to the basketball board (09), and the basketball basket (10) to the basketball board (09).

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2• Install the assembled basketball unit onto the box base with holes (04). Note that it is suggested the unit to be installed near the edge of the box base with holes (04).You may put the box base on the Eco-friendly reusable box (05). This will affect the height of the basket.

3• Connect the gearbox cap (07) to the gearbox (06).

4• Install the gearbox (06) onto the box base with holes (04). Note that it must be affixed at the location where the gearbox cap (07) is attached to the bottom back of the basketball board (09).

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7• Connect the other red wire from the ON/OFF switch (02) to spring (c). Consequently, the red wire from the battery compartment (01) should be connected to the same spring (c).

6• Connect two black wires to spring (a). Then connect the

red wire from the gear box (06) to spring (b), and as

well connect a red wire from the ON/OFF switch

(02) to spring (b).

5• Now place the battery compartment (01) and ON/OFF switch (02) onto the box base with holes (04). Then install 3 spring connectors (03). Narrow end down, and push the spring as far as it will go.

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If at any time in the future you should need to dispose of this product please note that waste electrical products should not be disposed off with household waste. Please recycle where facilities exist. Check with your local authority or retailer forrecycling advice. (Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment Directive)

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