OKIKI, O. Chris (Ph.D)

Head, Automation UnitUniversity of Lagos Library

University of LagosAkoka, Lagos

cokiki@unilag.edu.ng, chrisokiki2009@yahoo.com

By the end of the lesson you should be able to:Examine the concept of managementDetermine what defines a leader Understand your style as a leader

Develop strategies to lead with greater effectiveness Choose an effective leadership style

How members of the external environment view the effectiveness of library leaders

What changes in the organizational domain of the library relate to the effectiveness ratings of the library leader

What activities effective library leaders perform in their relations with the library’s external environment

What is Management?

“the exercise of responsibility for the effective use of the human, financial and other resources available to meet an organization’s objectives”.

Vision Time management Effective Communication Public Relations Self-knowledge

“ like swimming, cannot be learnt by reading about it.” Henry Mintzberg

So, it would be difficult to teach you to become managers, but I can’t teach you to be leaders!

Leadership – Leadership – directly directly and indirectly and indirectly influencing people to influencing people to cause changecause change

Management –Management –effective effective utilization of resources utilization of resources to achieve to achieve organizational goalsorganizational goals

Managers think incrementally Leaders think radically “ Managers do things right, while Leaders do the right thing” (Pascale) Managers follow the rules; Leaders follow their intuition Leaders stand out by being different. They question assumptions and are suspicious of

tradition. They seek out truth and make decisions based on fact

not prejudice Leaders are observant and sensitive people. They know

their team and develop mutual confidence within it (Fenton)

Influence Integrity Inspiration improvement

Managers dictate, leaders inspire Leaders lead by asking questions,

not by issuing instructions Leaders do strategy, managers do

details

“ Management is doing things right; leadership is doing the right things.” Peter Drucker

Are you a Leader or a Manager? OR BOTH!

Leadership is an elusive concept. It is easier to recognize than to describe in words.

There is a concern on how to identify potential leaders and provide training they need to perform successfully.

Managers should also be leaders, but leaders need not be managers.

Leaders are made and not born.

1. Individual - leader is mentor, coach, motivator.

2. Group - leader focuses on team-building and resolving conflict

3. Leader builds an organizational culture

Modern leadership is focused on human

relations and is not reserved for those at the top and not about control or manipulation.

Purpose, trust, optimism, action, and results.

They give staff freedom to do their job, have a personal interest in them, and have outgoing personalities.

They let staff be innovators and allow them to make mistakes along the way as long as they are learning.

Librarian seeks to influence members of the parent organization to provide resources:

to support expansion plans to accept the goals of the library as

valid and thus deserving of support

supervisor liaison environment monitor spokesperson entrepreneur resource allocator

Directing the work of subordinates integrating subordinates’ goals with

library’s goals and objectives allocating human resources to tasks evaluating subordinate job

performance resolving conflicts between subordinates

providing new staff with training

attending social functions for contacts attending conferences and meetings representing the library at formal /

social functions staying attuned to informal

communication networks developing contacts with people

outside

initiating new ideas for services and operations

keeping up with professional trends/changes keeping up with technological developments scanning the environment for new

opportunities to improve services/operations gathering information about users

touring facilities to observe reports of other units / offices

planning and implementing changes in the library

initiating controlled change in the library

solving problems by instituting needed changes in the library

serving as an expert or advising people outside the library

keeping others informed of the library’s plans and programs

answering letters or inquiries on behalf of the library

serving on committees, representing the library

 distributing budgeted resources preventing the loss of human or

capital resources deciding which programs to provide

resources to allocating equipment or materials obtaining adequate resources to

administer library programs and build collections

describes a management situation: setting, organization, people

Case studies test our decision-making skills and help us apply them to real situations There is no right solution, a problem can be solved in many ways

In analysing, note the factors that influence the situation in individuals, groups, and the environment.

Think of solutions and their likely results.

Segun is frustrated that he wasn’t appointed as deputy library director even he has worked here longer than Ayo, who was chosen instead. Charles, the library director, remains neutral. Soon, Segun vs. Ayo is affecting everyone in the library.

Ayo should acknowledge Segun’s expected frustration but propose they work together as professional colleagues.

Charles could have prevented this by talking to Segun why they haven’t chosen him, based on his performance and behavior.

Segun must learn that advancement depends on his responsibility for his own behavior.

Charles can look for other ways to encourage Segun

Peter, the new head of the Serials, finds his staff unresponsive to his requests for suggestions. He learns that they have a silent conflict with the librarians who take them for granted. The staff feels that they don’t matter.

How can Peter change that?

Once on the job, the supervisor must work on building rapport and trust. When asking for input, explain consequences of ideas rejected and accepted.

A recognition program like “Employee of the Month” and post articles and pictures of his or her accomplishments.

It is the librarians’ responsibility to bridge the gap

Juliet feels that the board is trying to take over. Olive, a board member, hired an unqualified applicant with no library experience just because they were close.

They don’t seem to follow policy. Another board member wanted a friend’s collection to be added to the library, unaware of donation policies and required procedures.

What must Juliet do?

Juliet can contact a library association to help conduct a training for board and staff, and invite speakers such as a national librarian and government official.

The differences of the board, the director, and the staff should be clear.

Juliet is still a government employee who needs to respond to community needs.

She should communicate more with the local government officials, her real bosses.

Joan, a librarian in a library, has to solve the problem of rude, unruly, and noisy library user.

What strategy must she implement to reclaim proper behavior?

DISCUSS THIS

You : your personality, knowledge, values,

ethics, and experiences. What will work? Them :

different personalities and backgrounds of people around you. The leadership style you use will vary depending upon what they will respond best to.

The organization: traditions, values, philosophy, and

concerns of the organization.

There is a leadership crisis in society. In government, education, corporations, and even libraries, people are dissatisfied about leaders and what kind of leadership they want.

Few managers possess a clear vision of the future and the knowledge of how to get from here to there.

What activities library leaders perform in their relations with the library’s environment to be effective

How the effectiveness of the individual library leaders are perceived by members of the external environment

What changes in the organizational domain of the library relate to the effectiveness ratings of the library leader

  “ like swimming, cannot be learnt by reading about it.” Henry

Mintzberg

So, “if you ain’t got what it takes, you ain’t gonna make it!”

Thank you for listening!