Man and natureMan and nature

Living in the past and now?Living in the past and now?

Life in the past was much simplier than at Life in the past was much simplier than at presentpresent

People didn´t exploit nature so much – they People didn´t exploit nature so much – they used only what they neededused only what they needed

The life has changed a lot during the last The life has changed a lot during the last centuries. centuries.

19th and 20th centuries are centuries of 19th and 20th centuries are centuries of amazing inventions and scientific discoveriesamazing inventions and scientific discoveries

Life in the past and nowLife in the past and now

New technologies have brought us lots of advantages, New technologies have brought us lots of advantages, but there are also many disadvantagesbut there are also many disadvantages

Pros: Pros: our life is easier, e.g. communication has our life is easier, e.g. communication has become easier and faster, travelling is faster and more become easier and faster, travelling is faster and more comfortablecomfortable

Cons: Cons: new technologies contribute to pollution – they new technologies contribute to pollution – they damage and destroy our environmentdamage and destroy our environment

Today our Earth is overcrowded with more Today our Earth is overcrowded with more than 6 billion inhabitants.than 6 billion inhabitants.

Our life depends on three basic elements: Our life depends on three basic elements: water, soil and airwater, soil and air. .

Because we need air to breathe, water to drink Because we need air to breathe, water to drink and food to eat.and food to eat.

But But POLLUTIONPOLLUTION has become one of the has become one of the most serious problems of our era.most serious problems of our era.

It is caused by human activities which have a It is caused by human activities which have a harmful impact harmful impact onon the environment. the environment.

Water pollution:Water pollution: Streams, rivers, seas and oceans are Streams, rivers, seas and oceans are polluted by trash, waste and chemicals which polluted by trash, waste and chemicals which are discharged into the water.are discharged into the water.

Soil pollution: Soil pollution: The waste also pollute the ground or The waste also pollute the ground or soil. Also pesticides and fertilizers which we soil. Also pesticides and fertilizers which we use to grow more food can be harmful.use to grow more food can be harmful.

Air pollution: Air pollution: The air is polluted mainly by car The air is polluted mainly by car fumes and chemicals which are used in fumes and chemicals which are used in factories and are discharged/released into the factories and are discharged/released into the air.air.

Ecological problemsEcological problems

There are lots of There are lots of other environmental problems other environmental problems - issues (besides pollution)which are a result of - issues (besides pollution)which are a result of

humans activities:humans activities:• Global warming: Global warming: is one of the major issues that is one of the major issues that

we facewe face today today.. It is caused by harmful gases It is caused by harmful gases known as greenhouse gases. It has caused a known as greenhouse gases. It has caused a change in the climate of the earthchange in the climate of the earth - tempe - tempeatures atures are are risrisinging..

• Deforestation:Deforestation: is is a a permanent destruction of permanent destruction of forests,forests, mainly rainforests which are necessary mainly rainforests which are necessary for producing oxygen, rainforests –“ the Earth for producing oxygen, rainforests –“ the Earth lungs“lungs“

• Disappearing animals species Disappearing animals species – many animals are – many animals are in danger of extinction, many of them have in danger of extinction, many of them have disappered – become extinctdisappered – become extinct

• Natural disasters Natural disasters like earthquakes, floods, like earthquakes, floods, windstorms, droughts, tornados, hurricans etc. They windstorms, droughts, tornados, hurricans etc. They are results of a climate change. Icecaps are melting, are results of a climate change. Icecaps are melting, so the sea levels are rising.so the sea levels are rising.

• Ecological catastrophes: Ecological catastrophes: oil tanker accidents, oil tanker accidents, nuclear power plant accidents (Japan)nuclear power plant accidents (Japan)

• A hole in the ozone layerA hole in the ozone layer – the ozone layer protects – the ozone layer protects us against a dangerous radiation from the sun, is us against a dangerous radiation from the sun, is caused by freons, if there is a hole it can cause skin caused by freons, if there is a hole it can cause skin cancer to people cancer to people

Natural disastersNatural disasters

Scientists predict if we don´t take more action at once, the life on the Scientists predict if we don´t take more action at once, the life on the Earth can disappear in the future.Earth can disappear in the future.

What should we do to protect the nature?What should we do to protect the nature?

Don´t be indifferent towards the environmentDon´t be indifferent towards the environment join ecological activities in your town, school,join ecological activities in your town, school, e.g. cleaning the naturee.g. cleaning the nature separate and recycle the trash,separate and recycle the trash, use special dustbins (bio, paper, glass, use special dustbins (bio, paper, glass,

plastic, metals; also in your school)plastic, metals; also in your school) don’t waste water - use showers instead of baths, don’t waste water - use showers instead of baths, save water save water when you when you

clean your teeth, clean your teeth, shave shave etc.)etc.) don’t waste electricity - switch off lights, TV set, radio, PC etc.)don’t waste electricity - switch off lights, TV set, radio, PC etc.) – use – use

alternative sources of energy – wind, solar and hydroenergyalternative sources of energy – wind, solar and hydroenergy recycle used batteries, fridges, electronics (TV, radios)recycle used batteries, fridges, electronics (TV, radios) reduce the amount of rubbish by separating, recycling and reusingreduce the amount of rubbish by separating, recycling and reusing reuse some things, e.g. plastic bottles, paper boxes, etc. reuse some things, e.g. plastic bottles, paper boxes, etc. use bikes or public transport, undergrounduse bikes or public transport, underground instead of driving cars instead of driving cars use unleaded petrol, use cars with catalysatoruse unleaded petrol, use cars with catalysator avoid using washing powders and detargents with dangerous avoid using washing powders and detargents with dangerous

chemicalschemicals don’t throw the trash in don’t throw the trash in the the naturenature

What to do to save the Earth?What to do to save the Earth?

Vocabulary Contribute – prispieť Discharge chemicals- vypúšťať

chemikálie Ecological balance- ekologická

rovnováha Endangered – v ohrození Endangered species- ohrozené

druhy Environment- životné prostredie Exhausts – výfukové plyny Extinct- vyhynúť Harmful- škodlivý Drain – vysušiť Global warming – globálne

otepľovanie Light fires – zapaľovať ohne,

burning-pálenie Litter, trash, rubbish– smeti Pollute – znečisťovať Protect – ochraňovať

Prohibit – zakázať Respect – rešpektovať Waste – odpad Water supplies – zásoby vody Aerosol cans – aerosol. plechovice CFCs/chloroflourocarbons/freóny Ozona hole-ozónová diera Ozone friendly – neškodný pre

ozón Ozone layer-ozónová vrstva Greenhouse effect-skleníkový efekt Ultraviolet radiation – ultrafialové

žiarenie Carbon dioxide – oxid uhličitý Rainforest – dažďový prales Tropical rains – tropické dažde Release – vypúšťať, uvoľniť

Acid rain – kyslý dážď Dissolve – rozpúšťať sa Melt – rozpúšťať sa(o snehu) Pesticides –chemikálie na hubenie

hmyzu Fertilizers – umelé hnojivá Industrial waste-priemyselný

odpad Poison/poisonous-jed/jedovatý Lead- olovo Unleaded petrol-bezolovnatý

benzín Landfill –uskladňovať do zeme Contaminate – zamoriť Radioactive substances/waste –

rádioaktívne látky/odpad Escape – únik Reuse – znovu použiť Reduce –redukovať Recycle – recyklovať/znovu

spracovať použitý materiál Supply – zásoba Alternative energy-alternatívna en.

Aluminium can – hliníkový obal/plechovka

Bottle banks-kontajnery na fľaše Rubbish – smeti Solar – slnečný Hydroelectric power – vodná

energia Wind power/energy – veterná

energia Affected – ovplyvnený Cope (with sth)-čeliť niečomu Prevail- prevažovať Detergent – čistiaci prostriedok Dispose – zbaviť sa niečoho Effort – úsilie, snaha Raise – chovať Sewage – splašky solution – riešenie Threat – hrozba Leak – presakovať, pretekať Ban – zákaz Intention – zámer,particle-častica