MALNUTRITION

Nutritional Status condition of health of the individual as influenced by utilization of nutrients . determined → medical, dietary history,

physical examination laboratory tests .Malnutrition pathological state .. Relative or

absolute deficiency or x’s of one or more essential nutrients – 4 forms

1. Under nutrition 2. Over nutrition3. Imbalance 4. Specific deficiency

HEALTH OR DISEASE

DIET

NUTRITION

ENVIRONMETAL

Food Patterns

- Family

- Area

- Culture

INTERNAL EXTERNAL

Genetic Biological set points

Individual differences

AgeGender

Body sizeActivityBehavior

Body frameFetal development

Organ systemSleepLife events

Organ function

TechnologicalEcological

PsychologicalEconomical

DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH

Who are likely to have nutrition problems

Dietary guidelines Nutritionally adequate diet – variety Add food – pregnancy & lactation Breast feeding – must - 4-6 months Supplements – infants by 4-6 months Veg, fruits – eat in plenty Cooking oils – moderation Avoid over-eating Limit use of Salt & Sugar

CHOCHO (55-60%)

FATFAT (30%)

PRO

666PRO (1066666-15%)

BREAKFAST Should be main meal of the day

Up to 1/3 of RDA may be supplied Should be eaten in mid-morning rather than

later Should be eaten within 45 min. of waking

Thyroid activity is maximum and insulin activity is low – better energy utilization of food, hence

People trying to lose weight should not skip breakfast

BREAKFASTShould contain:

Carbohydrates – minimum of 50gStimulate/initiate insulin action Neurotransmitters – serotonin & catecholamine

Protein – 12-15gSustains insulin actionPromotes positive mood

General Dietary Recommendations Consume high-carbohydrate & fiber low

to normal fat and moderately high protein diet.

Regular meal timings with breakfast eaten within 45 min. of waking.

Inclusion of pulses, especially in the breakfast.

Consumption of a mixed cereal diet with green leafy vegetables at least 3-4 times a week..

Consumption of fruits should be along with meals if diabetic.

If overweight/obese, exercise along with dieting to reduce body weight.

Even if one has normal body weight, exercise to maintain weight

Assignment

Soha Hesham Badr assignment topic in ZINC DEFFICIENCY

Recommended text book

Manual dietetic book