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LUBRICATION & LUBRICANTS Kevin Peterson

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LUBRICATIONTo reduce friction

between any tworelatively moving orsliding surfaces by

the interpositionOf a lubricant between

them.

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TYPES OF LUBRICATION

FLUID OR HYDRODYNAMIC LUBRICATIONTHIN FILM OR BOUNDRY LUBRICATION

EXTREME PRESSURE LUBRICATION

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H YDRODYNAMICHere a thick film of a lubricating oil is

interposed between sliding surfacesto avoid direct metal to metal

contact

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BOUNDRY LUBRICATION

When a compl ete fluidfilm do es no t deve lopbetween po tent iallyrubbi ng s urfac es, the film th ickness may b e r e duc e d to p e rmi t mom ent ary dry co ntac t between we ar s urfac e h igh poi nts.

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EXTREME PRESSURE

I n this case, machines operate

at high pressure and hightemperature and speed hence,

ordinary lubricants cannot stick to metal surface so additives

are used to increase theadhesive and cohesive

properties.

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TYPES OF LUBRICANTS

SOLID LUBRICANTS

SEMI-SOLID LUBRICANTSLIQUID LUBRICANTSEMULSION LUBRICANTS

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SOLID

GRAP HITE

G raphite is best suited for lubrication inregular atmosphere. Water vapor is anecessary component for graphitelubrication. T he adsorption of water reduces the bonding energy between thehexagonal planes of the graphite to alower level than the adhesion energy

between a substrate and the graphite.Because water vapor is a requirement for lubrication, graphite is not effective invacuum.

MOLYBD ENU M D I-SU LP HIDE

Mo S2 is a mined material found in the thinveins within granite and highly refined inorder to achieve a purity suitable for lubricants. Just like graphite has Mo S2 ahexagonal crystal structure with theintrinsic property of easy shear. Mo S2

lubrication performance often exceeds thatof graphite and is effective in vacuum aswell whereas graphite does not.

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PROPERTIES OF LUBRICANTS

V ISC OSIT Y IN DEXSPECIFIC GRA V IT Y

V OL ATI LIT YF LAS H P OINT

FIRE P OINTP OUR P OINT

E MU LSIFICAT O N

BASE T YPET HICKENING AGENT

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V ISCOSITY INDEXT he viscosity index ( V .I .) of an oil is a number that indicates the effect of temperature changeson the viscosity of the oil. A low V .I .

signifies relatively large change of viscositywith changes of temperature. In other words,the oil becomes extremely thin at hightemperatures and extremely thick at lowtemperatures. On the other hand, a high V .I .signifies relatively little change in viscosityover a wide temperature range.

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FLAS H POINT AND FIRE POINTT he flash point is the lowesttemperature to which a lubricant must

be heated before its vapor, whenmixed with air, will ignite but notcontinue to burn. T he fire point is thetemperature at which lubricantcombustion will be sustained. T heflash and fire points are useful indetermining a lubricants volatility andfire resistance.

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POUR POINTT he pour point is the lowesttemperature at which an oil will flow.T his property is crucial for oils thatmust flow at low temperatures. A commonly used rule of thumb whenselecting oils is to ensure that the pour

point is at least 20F lower than thelowest anticipated ambienttemperature.

.

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Electric Motor Bearings

What G rease? S tamina R LS 2

Why?

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G eneral Bearing G rease

What G rease? A lbida EP 2

Why?

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Types of Oils at L V P

Morlina S DT ellus STXT urbo TT urbo D R

Omala HDOmala R LC orena

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Best Practice - Filtration

What?

Why?

How?

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Best Practice Contamination Control

What?

Why?

How?

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Best Practice Sampling Analysis

V iscosity

IronC opper S iliconA cid N umber

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Used Oil

What to do with spent oil?

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QUESTIONS