London Underground Signs manual

London Underground

MAYOR OF LONDON Transport for London

Signs manualIssue 4

Contents London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Throughout the London Underground system, we have aproven, highly successful sign system which clearly identifies usand guides our customers safely and efficiently. Good signingis vital for London Underground to project a consistent,modern and professional corporate image, and is essentialto the smooth running of stations.The detailed information in this manual represents theculmination of thorough research, design and development.By careful and consistent application of the standardsdocumented, we will further enhance the image of theUnderground.Stations on the Underground system are diverse in layout andarchitecture, and as such, this manual cannot contain signingsolutions for every station. It will, however, establish the setprinciples to enable effective and consistent solutions to beapplied across the network.

Overview

Basic elements

The customer journey

Specific elements

Index

Overview Contents Back 2

London Underground overview London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Good signing assists our customers in negotiating theUnderground system and minimises the need to consultstation staff. This is the ideal for maximising operationalefficiency, for creating the best impression and forgaining customer satisfaction.

The journey from station entrance to the platform, fromtrain to train, or to the station exit is often extremelycomplicated. In the enclosed, confined and busyenvironment of the Underground, lack of clear directionscan cause considerable anxiety. The principle aim insigning must always be to meet the information needsof the customer.

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London Underground overview London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

The design, layout and content of each and every signis a considered asset to enable London Undergroundto project an image of efficiency, consistency andmodernity. Compromising the design or productionquality would weaken the effectiveness of our signingand our corporate image. To support our world famous identity, we need to makesure that we install signage which conforms to thisStandard, and to ensure that any necessary modificationis properly controlled.

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1.0 Basic elements London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

The basic elements of the London Underground sign system –the roundel, the house and line colours and the New Johnstontypeface – are also the building blocks of the corporate identity.The value of the roundel itself can hardly be over-estimated.It is one of the world’s best-known symbols and carries atremendous weight of goodwill. In order to preserve its value,the rules in this section for its reproduction and applicationmust be strictly adhered to.Colours are similarly important. Approved NCS colourreferences should always be used when specifying house andline colours, see section 1.2. Colour samples are provided inthe separate ‘London Underground colour standards foridentity and information’ booklet.The Johnston typeface is representative of the Underground’s‘tone of voice’. Its friendly yet authoritative appearance hasbeen a familiar and reassuring sight for decades.

1.1 Roundel1.1.1 Background areas1.1.2 Roundel silhouette1.1.3 Background colours1.2 Colour1.3 Lettering1.3.1 Standard sizes and colours1.3.2 Viewing distance chart1.3.3 Line spacing1.4 Fitting messages onto panels1.5 Arrows and their direction1.5.1 Arrows1.5.2 Placement of arrows1.6 Symbols and pictograms1.7 Way out1.8 Restricted sign layouts1.9 Signing for mobility-impaired customers1.10 Headroom restrictions1.11 Switchable signs1.12 Panel sizes1.13 Combining signs and minimum height1.14 Combining signs and layout details

Basic elements To print this section print pages 5-46 Contents Back 5

UNDERGROUND

1.1 Roundel London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Basic formThis is the basic form of the Underground roundel. Theproportions, colours and the exact letter-form, size andspacing of the lettering in the bar are unalterable.In Underground applications, the roundel always appearswith the word ‘Underground’ in the bar, except onplatform roundels which display the individual stationname. Standards on the exact form of platform roundelsare given in section 5.0.

ReproductionReproduction of the roundel should be made usingUnderground-approved roundel artwork only.No attempt should be made to typeset the word‘Underground’ or render it by any other means.

Basic elements Contents Back 6

1.1.1 Background areas London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

The immediate area around the roundel, as indicatedby the dotted line on the illustration to the right, mustbe kept free of any other elements of any kind – forexample lettering, posters, architectural features,decorative devices and so on.

62x

53x 4.5x4.5x

9x

43x

10x

UNDERGROUND


1.1.2 Roundel silhouette London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

For station and platform identifiers, the silhouetteroundel is an alternative to the square panel version.The choice of which roundel to use will depend on thearchitecture and location characteristics.The panel roundel will give greater contrast when viewedwith other street or retail signing. The silhouette versionis the preferred option for architecturally-sensitivelocations.When a structural frame is used, this should be inproportion to the sign size and be centred on the symbolperimeter line.

UNDERGROUND


UNDERGROUND

1.1.3 Background colours London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Approved backgrounds

10%

40% 50% 60%

20% 30%

Incorrect backgrounds

UNDERGROUNDUNDERGROUND UNDERGROUND UNDERGROUND

UNDERGROUND UNDERGROUNDUNDERGROUND UNDERGROUND UNDERGROUND

2 43

1


Ideally, the roundel should be placed on a whitesquare background In practice, this will not alwaysbe possible, eg when incorporating the roundel withinwall cladding, so it is permitted to place the roundel ona neutral-coloured background whose tonal value is notdarker than the 30% black tint shown on this page.Darker backgrounds detract from the impact of theroundel, as do coloured backgrounds Under nocircumstances should it be placed directly onto suchbackgrounds. When using a silhouette roundel it isnot permissible for the counters to vary from thebackground colours.

23

4

1

1.2 Colour London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Line colours provide a direct visual to the customer’sinitial point of reference – the Tube Map – as well as toother diagrams and service information. They also helpnon-English speakers find their way around the system.As well as the use of Underground blue and red asprimary corporate colours on specific elements such asthe roundel, entrance fascia and directional sign lettering,Underground ‘line’ colours are expressed as a strip aboveline directional signs, and on the platform frieze.Specific colours also have additional uses for safety signsand notices.

PortlandStreet

Baker Street

Euston

Farringdon

Barbican

Moorgate

EustonSquare

Blackfriars

MansionHouse

Cannon Street

Bank

St. James'sPark

ChanceryLane

OxfordCircus

TottenhamCourt Road

Holborn

St. Paul's

GreenPark

PiccadillyCircus

LeicesterSquare

RussellSquare

Angel

GoodgeStreet

Euston

Regent'sPark

CharingCross

Covent Garden

Warren Street


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1.2 Colour London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

The house colours of the Underground are red and blue,but there are other colours, particularly line colours,which contribute to the identity.The matrix on the following page details the variousapplications of all the colours currently being used onthe Underground, showing where common uses exist.It should be noted that quality control is vital to ensureaccurate colour matching, and that checks must becarried out during manufacture and on delivery of signs.Colour samples and references can be found in theseparate ‘London Underground colour standards foridentity and information’ booklet. A4-size NCS colourswatches can be purchased from:Edgebrite Limited60b High StreetBridgnorthShropshire WV16 4DXTelephone 01746 767500orLangford & Hill38-40 Warwick StreetLondon W1R 6LSTelephone 020 7437 9945

The colours for use on DTLR signs, ISO/BSI standardsigns etc, should follow the standards established bythose organisations.Future developments in the Underground rail networkmay necessitate the adoption of additional colours,which will be incorporated into this manual asappropriate.


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1.2 LUL colours London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

House colourLine colour stripRoundelFascia backgroundDirectional signs letteringWay outSupplementary signsEmergency signsNational Rail denotationNational Rail interchangeDocklands interchange3mm dividing lineSign case and supportsNon-communicative sign parts

Cent

ral l

ine

Und

ergr

ound

red

NCS

S 1

085-

Y80R

Vict

oria

line

Und

ergr

ound

ligh

t blu

eN

CS S

206

0-B

Dist

rict l

ine

Und

ergr

ound

gre

enN

CS S

256

5-G

Circ

le li

neU

nder

grou

nd y

ello

wN

CS S

058

0-Y1

0R

Met

ropo

litan

line

Und

ergr

ound

mag

enta

NCS

S 4

050-

R30B

Bake

rloo

line

Und

ergr

ound

bro

wn

NCS

S 4

050-

Y50R

East

Lon

don

line

Und

ergr

ound

ora

nge

NCS

S 0

585-

Y30R

Ham

mer

smith

& C

ity li

neU

nder

grou

nd p

ink

NCS

S 0

550-

R10B

Nor

ther

n lin

eU

nder

grou

nd b

lack

NCS

S 9

000-

N

Picc

adill

y lin

eU

nder

grou

nd d

ark

blue

NCS

S 3

560-

R80B

Wat

erlo

o &

City

line

Und

ergr

ound

turq

uois

eN

CS S

104

0-B8

0G

Jubi

lee

line

Und

ergr

ound

ligh

t gre

yN

CS S

400

5-R8

0B

Und

ergr

ound

whi

teN

CS S

050

0-N

Und

ergr

ound

saf

ety

blue

NCS

S 3

065-

R90B

Und

ergr

ound

saf

ety

red

NCS

S 1

085-

Y90R

Sign

fram

esU

nder

grou

nd d

ark

grey

NCS

S 7

010-

R90B


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1.2 TfL mode colours London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

NCS

S 1

085-

Y80R

NCS

S 2

050-

B50G

NCS

S 0

580-

G30Y

NCS

S 2

060-

R70B

NCS

S 1

070-

Y20R

NCS

S 4

010-

G30Y

NCS

S 2

060-

B

NCS

S 3

560-

R80B

London UndergroundLondon BusesDocklands Light RailLondon TramsPublic Carriage OfficeVictoria Coach StationStreet ManagementLondon River Services

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1.3 Lettering London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

New JohnstonAll lettering within the sign system is carried out usingNew Johnston Medium, a modern adaptation of thehistoric Johnston typeface, devised in 1906 by EdwardJohnston for London Transport’s exclusive use. NewJohnston is a legible typeface with a large ‘x’ height andbeing heavier in weight, is easily read on signs.Lettering is in upper and lower case, with an initial capitalletter at the start of sign messages and for proper names,except for station names on roundels, fascias and friezeswhich are upper-case letters only. For further guidanceon these aspects, see sections 2.0 and 5.0.The second alphabet shown is for illuminated use only.The lettering will appear yellow out of black in the caseof ‘Way out’ and reversed out of a background colour inthe case of switchable signs, as described in the relevantsections.For sign use, specific rules of letter and word spacinghave been developed to maximise legibility. Contractorsare not permitted to digitise these typefaces or vary theletter spacing in any way.

ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz1234567890£&.,:;'()/-

ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz1234567890£&.,:;'()/-New Johnston Medium New Johnston Medium illuminated use only


1.3.1 Standard sizes and colours London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

The lettering used throughout the directional system isNew Johnston Medium in upper and lower-case letters.For directional sign use, the lettering is available in eightstandard sizes, shown on the next page. No other sizesmay be used on directional signing. On directionalsigns, lettering is always in Underground dark blue onUnderground white panels, with the exception of ‘Wayout’ signs, which display Underground yellow letteringon an Underground black patch. For colour specificationssee section 1.2. For details of ‘Way out’ signs, seesection 1.7.

Cap heightA xx height


1.3.2 Viewing distance chart London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

This chart shows the distance at which certain sizes oflettering can be read by a person with average eyesight.The data obtained should be used to determine theminimum letter size for any sign.Other considerations, such as architectural features orvisual continuity, may influence the final choice of lettersize, but the optimum size will be used wherever possible.

Cap

heig

ht in

mill

imet

res

Sign distance in metres

0

6.2 8.3 12 16.2 24.5 32.5 49 60.8

102030405060708090

100110120130140150160170180190200210

x height Margins

150 450

Cap height

166

206

110

83

55

41

2821

120

80

60

40

30

2015

300

200

150

100

75

5038

Type sizes

Size A+

Size A

Size B

Size C

Size D

Size E

Size FSize G

Size A+

Size A

Size B

Size C

Size D

Size E

Size FSize G


1.3.3 Line spacing London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Line spacing is based on the height of the lower-caseletter ‘x’. One ‘x’ is the standard minimum between twolines of information. When information in more than onesize of lettering is used, the larger ‘x’ height should beused to separate the two lines of differing size.

Linespacing

principlesLinespacing

Linespacingprinciples


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1.3.3 Line spacing London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Victoria lineNorthboundplatform 1



Victoria line

VictoriaOxford CircusEuston

Northbound

Victoria line

Victoria

Northbound

xxxxx

xxxxx

xxxxx

xxx

xxxxx

x

2x

xxx

2x

x = x height of largest letter size

x = x height of secondary letter size

x = x height of smallest letter size

1 4

2

3

5


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1

Correct line spacing is achieved by using the ‘x’ heightof the lower-case letter as the normal minimum spacebetween two lines of type of equal sizeWhen using information in more than one size oflettering, the larger ‘x’ height is used to separate thelarger size from the smaller size and When the message reverts to one type size only, its ‘x’ value should be used between those consecutive linesof type as the normal maximum standard.

2 3 4 5

1.4 Fitting messages onto panels London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Signs with line colour strip On signs indicating a direction to a line, a strip of theline colour should always be included above the linemessage. This is a fixed depth of 50mm and runs thelength of the sign panel.

Bakerloo line50x

2.5x

x

Min 1.5x

Bakerloo lineEastbound platform 3

50x

2.5x

xxx

Min 1.5x


All measurements are in millimetres


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Signs with line colour stripWhen two lines run together, for example District andCircle lines, the 50mm colour strip is divided in halfalong its length, giving a 25mm strip of each colour. Inexceptional cases, for example when using the smallertype sizes F and G, the colour strip may be reducedby half.The space from the bottom of the colour strip tothe baseline of the first line of type is 2x. The value ‘x’is always equal to the ‘x’ height of the letter size beingused for the first line of the message, even though itmay be followed by a second line of a larger type size.

District and Circle linesWestbound platform 1

25

2.5x

xxx

x

Min 1.5x




Hammersmith & CityMetropolitan and Circle linesWestbound platform 1

17

2.5x

x

xxx

x

x

Min 1.5x


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Signs without line colour stripThe space from the top edge of the panel to the baselineof the first line of type is 2x. The value ‘x’ is always equalto the ‘x’ height of the letter size being used for the firstline of the message, even though it may be followed by asecond line of a larger type size.

MarginsMargin rules apply to all sign types and panel sizes. Alldirectional messages are ranged left or right, according tothe direction indicated by the arrow, see section 1.5. Themargin distance is equal to 2.5x of the largest letter sizeused, unless ranged with other information, for example‘Way out’ patches, see section 1.7.A minimum margin of 2.5x must also be provided at the end of the message.A minimum distance of 1.5x must be left at the baseof a sign panel. The ‘x’ value is always equal to the‘x’ height of the largest letter size being used. The depthof the panel must be rounded off to the nearest 50mmincrement.

Tower Hill StationTower of London

x

2.5x

xxx

Min 1.5x

Tower Hill StationTower of LondonTower Pier

x

2.5x

xxxxx

Min 1.5x

Tower Hill Stationx

2.5x 2.5x

2.5x

2.5x

xMin 1.5x





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Arrows indicating direction to the left, straight ahead ordown should be placed on the left-hand side of the firstline of the message Arrows indicating direction to theright should be placed at the right- hand side of the firstline of the message Sign messages should be ranged left or right accordingto the direction indicated by the arrow Where a sign carries several messages of equal emphasisand the direction indicated is the same, only the arrowof the first message need be used.Where one sign message is subsidiary to anotherand is in a smaller size of lettering, an arrow shouldbe included only with the main message.

1.5 Arrows and their direction London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Victoria line

Victoria line

Victoria line

Victoria line

Victoria lineLeft arrow usage Right arrow usage

Victoria line

Victoria line

1

3

21 2


1

2

3

1.5.1 Arrows London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

ArrowsArrows are centred both on the cap height and withinthe 2.5x margin area. Tickets

Tickets

2.5x 2.5xMin

c

2.5xMin2.5x

c

c = Cap height of largest letter size



Way out

1.5.2 Placement of arrows London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Placement of arrowsWhen positioning arrows of a 45-degree indication, greatcare must be taken in their use, as they have no inherentexactness and therefore are open to misinterpretation.The diagram to the right shows a situation where anarrow indicating up and left, because of a change in floorlevel at exit may well be misunderstood to mean halfleft or towards the left to exit The most accurate arrow to use in this situation wouldbe the left direction, see below. This would eliminateuncertainty of direction and ensure a consistentcustomer flow.When choosing and positioning directional signs, it isvital that the sign planner understands and is aware ofthe possible confusion caused when more than onechoice of path is available. The point to remember isthat the correct path must be chosen, and it may benecessary to disregard any change in floor level.

Way outWay out

Correct usage Incorrect usage

A

B


A

B

1.6 Symbols and pictograms London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Position of symbols within layoutsWhere symbols or pictograms are to be incorporated indirectional signs, they must appear at the opposite endto the arrow. A space of 0.75 times the ‘x’ height isinserted between symbol and text. The height of thesymbol should be 1.25 times the cap height, andcentred on the cap height. Pictograms must not belonger than 2.5 times the x height, and the height willreduce proportionally.

Heathrow Airport

Min2.5x

CH 1x

0.75x

Tower Hill Station1.25x CH

Charing Cross

Waterloo International

CH = Cap height


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As directional signs within the Underground environmentprimarily direct to lines and platforms using names andcolour, symbols and pictograms do form a primary partof directional signing. There are certain key messages,however, which must always be accompanied by apictogram or symbol. At international interchanges, suchas Heathrow, pictograms may also be used to assistnon-English-speaking customers. We must not confuse the role of pictograms and networksymbols with that of safety symbols, which are coveredon the Safety signs section of this document (section 9.0).These are defined as follows:

Safety symbolsSafety symbols are used as the primary signing

element to communicate safety messages, as requiredby European legislation. Symbol colour, backgroundcolour, and background shape are all used tocommunicate the safety message.

Network symbolsNetwork symbols are used to identify primary

transport networks, such as National Rail or LondonBuses. These should always be displayed in thedesignated colour of the network, alongside thenetwork name in standard dark blue LUL type.Symbols for individual operating companies, eg

Silverlink, must not be used on directionalsigning.

PictogramsThe function of pictograms on the

Underground is to clarify sign messages fornon-English-speaking customers, and torepresent symbolically facilities, such astoilets. Only approved LUL pictograms maybe used, and these are always displayed inUnderground dark blue, with the exceptionof the ‘Information’ symbol, which appearsin grey. The range of approved LUL signingpictograms is detailed on the next page.

1

2

3


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1

2

3


Rivercraft

Trams

Men

Change Tickets (roundel optional) Luggage Information Telephones CCTV

Women Disabled Baby changing Pushchair Queue

Cycles Parking Symbols to be transposed to suit directions

Taxi Airport Buses (left) Buses (right)

P


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1.7 Way out London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

The ‘Way out’ indication differs from the rest of thedirectional signs, in that the lettering is yellow out ofa black patch of fixed proportions. For colourspecification see section 1.2.The reasons for this difference are recognition andvisibility, and the fact that most ‘Way out’ signs must beilluminated for statutory safety reasons. The use of the‘patch’ introduces consistency in the presentation ofilluminated and non-illuminated ‘Way out’ indication.Internal illumination also means that ‘Way out’ signscan be arranged for switchable operation. For furtherdetails of switchable signs, see section 1.11.The ‘Way out’ patch can be incorporated into any sign,provided the dimensional restrictions described onthis page are adhered to.

‘Way out’ patch sizes

B 240 x 980C 180 x 735D 120 x 490E 90 x 368F 60 x 246G 45 x 185

Way outEqual Equal

x

x

x

Fenchurch StreetTower Gateway




Align 50

50xxxxxxx

Way out

Note: Two arrows should not be displayed on a signunless switchable


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1.7 Way out London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Top and side margins on the ranging edge of the‘Way out’ patch are of a fixed 50mm dimension.All other margins should be a minimum of 50mm.Other ‘Way out’ information, for example, street namesand National Rail interchanges, may be combined onthe same sign with a ‘Way out’ patch, as shown on thispage. Other information is normally aligned with thebaseline of ‘Way out’. When the information is used ata small size, or there are multiple lines, the top of thecapital may be aligned with the top of the ‘Way out’patch as shown. Examples of signs incorporating a ‘Way out’ patch areshown with more detailed layout information in section1.14 and in section 6.0.


Way out

Align 50

50

Min 50


Way out

Align cap height with top of patch


Align

Tower GatewayWay outAlign

Align type baselines


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London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Signing width restrictionsWhere sign widths are restricted to a degree where textheights suffer due to alignment rules, margins shouldbe varied to allow legible type sizes as shown.

Way out

District and Circle lines

Align elements

Way out

District and Circle lines

Align text

1.8 Restricted sign layouts


1.9 Signing for mobility-impaired customers London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Signing for people with impaired mobility should beused to mark alternative routes within Undergroundstations for wheelchair users, and customers withpushchairs or wheeled luggage. The signs should beused only at the point where the alternative routedeviates from the usual route.Additional signs should be used to guide mobility-impaired customers to the specific facilities along thealternative route. Signing for mobility-impairedcustomers uses wheelchair and pushchair pictograms.These are always used together, as shown.Thepictograms are Underground dark blue on anUnderground white background. The viewing distancechart in section 6.6 should be used in conjunction withthe table provided on this page when deciding theappropriate pictogram size.The wheelchair and pushchair pictograms may becombined with directional arrows as shown. Theymay also be combined with descriptive messages,for example ‘Lift’ or ‘Ramp’, within the immediatevicinity of alternative facilities in order to aidrecognition. When combined with directional arrows,the pictograms should be adjusted to reflect thedirection indicated.

1.5x

1.5x

1.7x

2x

Min 1.5x

Specified margin(2.5x)

Minimum specified margin(Min 2.5x)

Lift

0.5CH

xx


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1.9 Signing for mobility-impaired customers London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Signs for people with impaired mobility may becombined with other directional signs and ‘Way out’signs, at the point where the alternative customerroute deviates from the usual route. An exception is, for example, when two ‘Way outs’ are indicatedand only one is suitable for mobility-impairedcustomers. In such a case, sign panels carrying thepictograms and a directional arrow should be usedbefore the deviation point.Where stations have several lifts, they should be lettercoded as detailed in section 10.18.

Wheelchair Pushchairpictogram pictogram

Type sizes CH x (1.5x) (1.7x) MarginsA+ 206 150 225 255 450A 166 120 180 204 300B 110 80 120 136 200C 83 60 90 102 150D 55 40 60 68 100E 41 30 45 51 75F 28 20 30 34 50G 21 15 23 26 38

Victoria line

District and Circle linesEastbound platform 1

Victoria line Way out

Way out


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1.10 Headroom restrictions London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Where subways have extremely restricted headroom,a minimum illuminated sign depth of 150mm may beused. Using the 50mm margin would result in anunacceptably small ‘Way out’ patch (size G). Themargins must therefore be reduced to allow for E or Dsize ‘Way out’ patches – D being used where longerviewing distances are involved.

Way out30

30E 150

Way out Exit 425

25D* 150

Way out50

150

* With upper margin reduced by 7mm and lower margin by 13mm


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Where associated information aligned to exit numbertext would result in illegible text size, text should beincreased and vertically centred within normal marginrestrictions.

Way out CheapsideMuseum of LondonSt. Bart's Hospital

Exit 130

30E

G

Way out Exit 1CheapsideMuseum of LondonSt. Bart's Hospital

30

30E xxx

EQ

xxEQ

FE


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Lower marginsWhere restricted headroom unduly affects text sizes andoperational legibility, lower margins may be adjusted asshown, using standard type sizes where possible.

Central line

Central line

xx

xxx

1.5x min155

170

Central linePlatforms 3 and 4

Way out x


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1.11 Switchable signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

As a result of particular operational requirements,it is sometimes necessary to change the paths thatcustomers take for interchange between other servicesor ‘Way out’. To do this, a style of switchable sign hasbeen developed to be compatible with all otherdirectional signs.

Switchable ‘Way out’ and interchange informationThe ‘Way out’ patch has been designed in setproportions to carry an arrow either side of themessage, allowing for the direction of ‘Way out’to be switched

Way out

Min 5050

50xxx

Min 50

Way out

Way out

1


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1


Where additional interchange or other information isswitchable, this should be displayed as illuminatedwhite text on a dark blue illuminated patch. The textmust be obscured when the sign is unlit. Layout of textand arrows within the patch follow exactly the sameprinciples for directional signs, and should be aligned toany associated ‘Way out’ text to side or above as shown

The length of the sign may vary from the setmodular sizes to allow for electrical control gear.Where a panel requires switchable arrows, theswitchable panel background should revert to black,to avoid any partitions being visible on partialillumination As the unswitched text partof the directional message will require separateillumination, the arrow to text spacing may be variedwithin reason to suit standard lamp lengths.

1

Way out Charing Cross Align

50 5050

Blackfriars

Way out

Align Align

50

Charing Cross

EQ

Variable to suit unit lamp lengths

EQ

Variable ifroom requiredfor electricalcontrol gear

2

3


2 of 5

2

43

1


Switchable line information signs follow the samelayout principles as already described, the onlydifference being a 75mm top margin to accommodatea 50mm colour strip at the top of the signWhere switchable ‘Way out’ and directional panelsare positioned side by side, the margin rules shouldbe adjusted to allow visual alignment of elements asshown in the diagrams.

4

6

Way out Bakerloo lineAlign

7550

5050

CharingCross

Way out Bakerloo lineAlign 75

5


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5 6


Simultaneously switched directionsWhere switchable signs direct to several locations,which require simultaneous switching to controlcustomer flows, the use of several large glass patchesshould be avoided.If a switchable ‘Way out’ is present, all other switchablearrows may be omitted, so all directions will appearlinked to the single switchable arrow. No otherconflicting arrows may be present on the sign.

Arrows switch between down and right.

Way out

Buses

Platform 6

Central line

Way out Central line

Platform 6Buses

2.5x usual margin

1


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1


Independently switched directionsWhere switchable signs direct to several locations,which require independent switching to controlcustomer flows, the use of several large glass patchesmust be avoided.Inlaid white acrylic arrows should be used in flangedaluminium panels, to allow the switchable sign to havea similar layout to unswitched equivalent.

Inlaid white (028) acrylic arrowScreened aluminium face4x minimum to allow space for mini lampunits behind50mm minimum to ensure correct level contrastbetween lit and unlit areas

Bakerloo lineJubilee line

Northern line

Bakerloo lineJubilee line

Northern line

x

4x min

50mm min

x

1 2 3

4


5 of 5

1

2

3

4

1.12 Panel sizes London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

The panels of the directional sign system are based on a50 x 50mm grid. The choice of panel size depends on:• Lettering size for optimum legibility, see

section 1.3.2• Length of message or messages to be contained• Architectural considerations, for example space

available, surface decoration and so on• Juxtaposition with other signs, see section 1.14.Some scaled-down examples of panel sizes are shownon this page superimposed over the grid. Panel sizeswhich do not conform to the 50 x 50mm grid may beused only in exceptional circumstances, for examplewhen incorporated into an architectural feature orprinted onto wall-cladding panels.

750x250

750x300

750x500

All measurements are in millimetres Scale 1:20

1000x250

1000x350

1000x750

1250x250

1250x400

1250x1000

1020x240

1260x1170


1.13 Combining signs and minimum height London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Sign panels should preferably be manufactured in onepiece. However, it will sometimes be necessary tocombine separate signs, either because the overallsize is too large for manufacturing processes, orbecause additions are made later.In these cases, panels must be of matching dimensions,either in width or depth.The minimum height for the lower edge of a ceilingfixed or hanging directional sign panel above floor levelis 2.5m. Those concerned with establishing final ceilingheights should take this into account at the design stage.Where it is unavoidable that the level of signing will fallbelow 2.5m, formal dispensation must be sought.

2500


1.14 Combining signs and layout details London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

The following pages show examples of typical signlayouts, where directions are combined in differentways, and the general alignment principles whichshould be adopted to ensure layouts appear visuallybalanced and are easy to read.Generally, when combining sign messages, the panelsshould be horizontally combined to minimise the depthof the sign. This will aid sightlines and allow larger typesizes within a constrained headroom areaWhen signs are fitted to narrow walls or columns,the layout should be combined vertically

District and Circle lines Victoria lineWay out

1

Northern line

Piccadilly line

Victoria line

Hammersmith & CityMetropolitan and

Circle lines

2


1 of 5

2

1


Where panels containing text are combined with ‘Wayout’ panels, the baselines of the first line of text shouldbe aligned and Where the alignment of baselines will result in anunbalanced, bottom-heavy layout, the top of thedirectional text may be aligned with the top of the‘Way out’ patch

Shopping Centre

(via Shopping Centre)Elephant & Castle

South Bank University

(via subway)Imperial War MuseumWay out

Hammersmith& City line

PaddingtonHeathrow

Way out

5

4

High Road Shopping CentreWay out

3


2 of 5

34

5


Examples and show two different layouts whichmay be adopted to convey the same information,depending on site constraints. Where height may bea problem, the horizontal version will be more suitable.Where the sign may be partially obstructed by columnsor vertical elements, the narrower format may be moresuitable. Generally the horizontal version is preferred.Where exit and directional information share thesame direction, the information should be orderedso that the illuminated ‘exit’ panel is at the leadingend of the sign

Westbound platform 1Central line

8

Hammersmith & City, Metropolitan and Circle lines

Tower HillWhitechapel

King's Cross St. PancrasLiverpool Street

Eastbound platform 2

Hammersmith & CityMetropolitan and Circle lines

Tower HillWhitechapel

King's Cross St. PancrasLiverpool Street

Eastboundplatform 2

6

7


3 of 5

6 7

8


Where one sign panel containing several lines of textis horizontally combined with a sign of a single textline, the primary text line baselines should be aligned,in this case the lines containing the arrows and

Northboundplatform 1

Metropolitan line


Metropolitan line

Lift

Lift

9

10


4 of 5

9 10


Where a series of signs appear along a platform orpassageway, with different levels and quantities ofinformation, we should strive to maintain a consistentformat, adjusting the order of information to suit,providing the clarity of the sign message is notcompromised. In examples and the layout of theUnderground line elements has been adjusted to grouplogically by direction, the Northern and Victoria line inthe bottom example being clearly separate from theother elements.It should be noted in sign example that the fireequipment point is on the platform immediatelybelow the sign.

Northern line

Victoria line

Hammersmith & CityMetropolitan and

Circle lines King's CrossSt. Pancras

Way out

Piccadilly line Victoria line

Hammersmith & CityMetropolitan and Circle lines

Trains

Way out

11

12


5 of 5

11 12

11

2.0 External signage

3.0 Ticket hall signing

4.0 Platform finding

5.0 Platform signing

6.0 Exit from platform

7.0 Emergency exits

8.0 Exit from station

The customer journey London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Customer journey To print this section print pages 47-48 Contents Back 48

The customer journey London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Our customers perceive the Underground as a difficultand stressful environment. Without correct signing andinformation, the possibility of making a wrong decisionabout line, direction or interchange is increased andstress levels will rise accordingly. This section of themanual covers the requirements of specific stationareas as a trail of information, from entering a stationthrough to exiting at the end destination.For clarity, only the primary direction signing requiredfor customers to pass through the system is describedin this section. Other, more specific areas, such asevacuation and safety signing, which are relevant to allareas of the station, are covered in section 9.0.

Customer journey Contents Back 49

2.0 External signage London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

There are two versions of the roundel which may be used, thepanel and the silhouette. The choice of roundel will depend onthe architecture and location characteristics. Some existingsilhouette roundels may also be restored if they are of heritageinterest, or considered to be intrinsic to the building.The panel roundel will give greater contrast when viewed withother street or retail signing. The silhouette version is thepreferred option for architecturally-sensitive locations. Atinterchange stations where the entrance serves more than onetransport network, an interchange totem sign should beadopted, see section 2.8.

2.1 Examples2.2 Elements2.3 Panel version principles2.4 Pole-mounted silhouette version2.5 Wall-mounted silhouette version2.6 Fascia principles2.6.1 Lettering sizes2.6.2 Position of lettering2.7 Positioning of signs2.8 Shared facilities2.9 Heritage stations


2.1 Examples London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

The examples shown here and on the following pageindicate the application of the basic elements at avariety of stations.External signs are those which identify Undergroundstations. For two main reasons, these signs functionin difficult circumstances.Firstly, they are often in very competitive, busyenvironments where other signs and visual clutter are a severe disturbance to instant recognition.Secondly, the architecture of stations varies so widely,that it is not possible to give hard and fast rules whichwill apply to all installations.


1 of 2

Customer journey Contents Back

2.1 Examples London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

More than the other categories of signs, external signsaffect, and are affected by, the architecture on orby which they are placed. The need for impact andrecognition must always be balanced with the need forconservation and appropriateness.


2 of 2

2.2 Elements London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

The main elements of the external signs are the roundeland the fascia. Generally, the roundel providesidentification of a station and its entrance. The fasciaacts as a secondary identification element and givesthe name of the station. A roundel must always bepresent at station entrances, but there will be caseswhere it is not possible to include a fascia.There are two versions of the roundel which may beused, the panel and the silhouette. The choice ofroundel will depend on the architecture and locationcharacteristics. Some existing silhouette roundels mayalso be restored if they are of heritage interest, orconsidered to be intrinsic to the building.The panel roundel will give greater contrast whenviewed in conjunction with other street or retail signing.The silhouette version is the preferred option forarchitecturally-sensitive locations. At interchangestations where the entrance serves more than onetransport network, an interchange totem sign shouldbe adopted, see section 2.8.

1 2

3


London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 20022.3 Panel version principles

The background panel proportions are exactly as laiddown in section 1.2.2 and confirmed on the diagram onthe right.Two standard sizes should be used: 1m2 and 1.5m2.If any other size is required, the exact proportions ofroundel to panel must be adhered to.The standard forms of the roundel sign are a single-sided panel and a double-sided panel.

UNDERGROUND UNDERGROUND UNDERGROUNDUNDERGROUND

62x

53x

4.5x4.5x

9x

43x

10x

UNDERGROUND

Wall-mounted Pole-mounted Hanging Projecting


2.4 Pole-mounted silhouette version London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Designed specifically for architecturally-sensitivelocations, the pole-mounted version of the roundelclearly communicates the location of entrances,while being remote from the building structure.This design has been approved by English Heritage foruse in sensitive areas, and has a tapered cast ellipticalpole, with spun-aluminium symbol. Care must be takenwhen positioning the roundel to ensure maximumvisibility, without creating an obstruction to pedestrians.

F.F.L F.F.L

4300

376


2.5 Wall-mounted silhouette version London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

460

2090

1554

Designed specifically for architecturally-sensitivelocations, the wall-mounted (also known ascantilevered) version of the roundel has been designedto be in keeping with both modern buildings and listedstations, and has been endorsed by English Heritage foruse in sensitive areas. When positioning the roundel onbuildings, care must be taken to ensure that the sign canbe viewed at a distance, and the sign mounting arm maybe varied in length to allow visibility where recessed.


2.6 Fascia principles London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Most stations are equipped with a fascia or fascias.Often, a fascia is part of a canopy structure which hasa distinctive style of its own.These standards are therefore concerned only withthe colour of the fascia panels and the lettering.The background colour is Underground dark blue withUnderground white lettering. For colour specificationsee section 1.2. The station name appears in capitalletters.

Generally only the station name appears on fasciasand is suffixed by the word ‘STATION’Underground stations whose entrances are withinNational Rail stations should have the word‘UNDERGROUND’ included — for example‘VICTORIA UNDERGROUND STATION’. Wherespace is limited in such situations, it may bepermissible simply to use ‘UNDERGROUND’The side panels of canopies are plain blue. Wherethe front of the canopy cannot be seen from thepavement, for example, the station name mayappear on the side panels.

BRIXTON

BRIXTON STATION

OVAL STATION

VICTORIA UNDERGROUND STATION

1

2

3


1

2

3

2.6.1 Lettering sizes London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Size of lettering on the fascia is dependent on theavailable depth and length. The correct proportionsare shown opposite. These should apply whatever thedepth of the fascia. These proportions do not includethe depth of any sign framing.The only exception is if the station name will not fit intothe available length. In such cases, the word ‘STATION’may be omitted and, if the space is still not sufficient,the size of lettering may be reduced.Line names are generally not included, except wherethere are separate stations with the same name, forexample at Hammersmith and Edgware Road, andwhere an entrance is dedicated to one line at a stationwhich serves two or more lines. The line name shouldbe in upper and lower case lettering as shown onpages 4.1 and 4.1.1.Where necessary the station name may be shown intwo lines, but this must always be centred in capitals.

BAKER STREET STA

min1.5CH

0.5CH

CH

0.5CH

EDGWARE ROBakerlooline

min1.5CH

min1.5CH

0.5CH0.5CH0.4CH0.6CH0.5CH

CH

0.5CH

VICTORIA


2.6.2 Position of lettering London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

In the absence of any other indications, the letteringshould be positioned in the centre of the fascia.However, where appropriate, the position of thelettering can help to indicate the station entrance,especially when this is not immediately obvious.This possibility is illustrated on this page.

Centre on entrance

EMBANKMENT STATION

Centre on entrance

BERMONDSEY STATION


2.7 Positioning of signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Although it may not always be possible to position signsideally, due to architectural or other considerations,certain parameters should be followed as closelyas possible.These diagrams indicate optimum and minimumclearances from pavement level.However, each location will have to be consideredindividually on its own merits.While these diagrams show the panel version of theroundel, the same principles should be adopted forthe silhouette versions.

2700Min 2500

4000Min 3500

UNDERGROUND

UNDERGROUND


2.8 Shared facilities London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

At interchange stations where the entrance serves morethan one transport network, an interchange totem signshould be adopted. The purpose of the totem is toclearly and consistently identify the modes availablearound a particular site. At station entrances only thecore network identities are to be displayed, eg NationalRail symbol may be used but Train Operating Companylogos are not permitted. For further details on the use ofcombined network signs at interchange stations, referto the TfL ‘Multi-Modal Interchange Signs Standards’.There are two principal versions of the interchangetotem, a base-mounted version which can accommodateall network symbols required, and a wall-mountedversion which may be used for two network symbols.Both share a curved profile in white aluminium, withinset curved illuminated acrylic symbols.Totems should be positioned in particular locations toensure that from all approaches to the site, the modesof transport available at or around the site, are easilyrecognisable from a distance.All transport services will be identified on a totem, solong as they meet the criteria deemed necessary forinclusion as an interchange.

UNDERGROUND


1 of 2

2.8 Shared facilities London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

UNDERGROUND

2 215

4

4

4

4

Using fixed proportionsThe visual identities of the core networks are displayedtogether on identification signs at interchanges. Eachone must be clearly visible, but also balanced fairly,so that one identification sign does not overwhelmthe others.To achieve this balance, the network logos are displayedtogether in fixed proportions.The logos’ proportions are based on a square gridcomposed of 15 units in each direction.

Order of displayOnce the logos have been sized, they should bepositioned together vertically or horizontally. The firstlogo to be displayed is determined by the ownershipof the interchange.At interchanges based on railway stations, this oftenmeans that either the National Rail logo or the LondonUnderground logo will come first, followed by the otherlogos in order of customer usage.

Using station namesStation names should be displayed on all totems. Theonly exception is where a totem is situated close to afascia displaying a clearly visible station name.


2 of 2

2.9 Heritage stations London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

London Underground is proud of its design heritage,and a conscious effort has been made to conserve andrestore the best of the old to sit alongside the new.External signs are of particular importance, as theseoften reflect the period when a station was built, and arecharacteristic details which give interest and local colourto the capital. Many of our stations are listed buildings,so we have a statutory obligation to maintain orrestore the entrance signing in keeping with the building.Where heritage considerations arise when resigning astation, each case needs individual consideration. Thegeneral principles, and specific examples, are detailed inthe ‘London Underground Heritage Signing Standard’.The examples on this page show the original ColliersWood station in 1926 just before restoration andthe restored station in 1996

1 2

3


1 23

3.0 Ticket hall signing London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

On entering a station, customers need a range ofpre-travel information, logically laid out and accessible.A Tube Map must be clearly visible, showing the networkof lines and interchanges, to enable the customer to establishor confirm their route. For details of the information posterrequirements at stations, refer to section 8.1.1.Real-time information has been identified as particularlyimportant in developing the customer’s confidence in theservice we offer. By alerting them to disruptions at theearliest opportunity, we enable them to make timelyalternative arrangements. Information units should beclearly visible on entry to the ticket hall, and must bepositioned so as not to obscure primary directional signing.For details of these indicators, refer to the LUL customerservice delivery standards.

3.1 Entering a ticket hall3.2 Ticket machines3.3 Ticket window signs3.4 Information posters unit3.5 Dedicated gateline3.6 Ticket gate penalty warning signs3.7 Gateline signing3.8 Lift signing


3.1 Entering a ticket hall London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Before the customer has purchased a ticket, thereshould be clear confirmation of the Underground linesserved by the station. This will normally take the formof ceiling-mounted signing facing the customer onentry to the ticket hall. For clarity, platform numbersand directions should not be displayed at this point.Where ticket-buying facilities are not facing thecustomer on entry, overhead signing should alsoincorporate directions to the ticket office andmachines. When establishing the positions of suchsigns, the use of the reverse face must be consideredfor display of exit information as detailed in section 8.To maintain clarity, only primary directional signingand real-time information indicators should beceiling-mounted within ticket halls. No ceiling-mounted commercial signing may be displayed,unless approved by LUL.


3.2 Ticket machines London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Over each bank of ticket machines, signing should befitted, spanning the entire width and containing theword ‘Tickets’ as illustrated. The only other elementswhich may appear on these signs are the ticketspictogram (refer to section 1.6), or directions toadditional ticket/change-giving facilities.

Tickets


3.3 Ticket window signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Ticket window signs are mounted above the windowas an illuminated, triangular, projecting sign. Whereappropriate, this may be integrated into the architecturaltreatment of the window area. Three typical windowmessages are illustrated opposite. These signs must beswitchable (obscure when unlit) to make it clear whichwindow positions are open.On some recent stations, following the Jubilee lineextension design, the ticket window text has beenincorporated into the glass wall panels over thewindows, which are then illuminated from the reverse.All vinyl labels associated with ticket-buyingconditions and instructions (see photograph) arecovered in the ‘LUL Station Presentations Handbook’,together with ordering details.

Tickets Tickets Assistance

and ticketsAssistanceand tickets Assistance Assistance


3.4 Information posters unit London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Where possible, information poster units such as the Tube Map, timetables etc should be groupedtogether. This should be headed up by a panelspanning the entire extent of the frames, and bearthe word ‘Information’, together with the standardinformation pictogram. Where poster frames arefitted in such a way that customers generally approachfrom the side, a projecting information flag sign shouldbe used, fitted centrally above poster frames.

InformationUNDERGROUND i

250

50

50

150

Projecting information sign


3.5 Dedicated gateline London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Where access to lines is split within the unpaid side ofthe ticket hall, ie where access to lines is via dedicatedgatelines, line diagram signs must be fitted to enablecustomers to confirm their target destination beforepassing through the gatelines.


3.6 Ticket gate penalty warning signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Where ticket gates are fitted, ‘penalty fares’ signing isincorporated within the gate structure as shown in thephotographs. Such signing and ordering details arecovered in the ‘LUL Stations Presentation Handbook’,which also covers associated labels for manual gates.No additional penalty fares signing is permitted.Where gates do not exist, standard penalty fares signs

should be ceiling-mounted over the gateline,conveying the same information as shown. Thesesigns may be combined with line direction informationif required.

if you pass this point and fail to showPenalty £10

entire journeyon demand a valid ticket for your

250

750

A


A

3.7 Gateline signing London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

For long gatelines in busy stations, a switchableilluminated overhead gantry may be fitted, to amplifythe gate conditions from a distance using the samearrow/cross symbols. These should be electronicallycontrolled from the gates and must switch inconjunction with the gates. They must also fail safe inthe event of the gate release plunger being operated,displaying arrows over the exit paths from all gates.


3.8 Lift signing London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Where a station is fully accessible, it is not alwaysobvious that the route through a station may involveseveral lifts. Customers may assume one lift will gofrom street to all platform levels, which is unlikely.Unless a lift serves all areas, signing over lifts shouldinclude supplementary text showing the areas servedgenerally as shown.Where there are several lifts within a complexinterchange station, the lifts should be letter coded(as shown). As detailed in section 10.18.

to streetLiftx

x0.5x

to Jubilee lineLiftC

E

to trainsLiftC

E

Lift

D

For details of lift coding refer to section 10.18


1 of 2

3.8 Lift signing London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Line names should be used with line colour bands forclarity. Care must be taken to ensure that on exit fromthe lift, signing is immediately visible to continuethe journey.

LiftC

Jubilee line Eastbound platform 1District and Circle lines

FGE

LiftC

Westbound platform 2District and Circle lines

FG


2 of 2

4.0 Platform finding London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Having passed through the gateline, the customer will nowfollow a trail of signs to the correct platform. It is essentialthat the signing displayed en route is clear and unambiguous,with an emphasis on areas of decision making. If unnecessaryinformation is displayed, signs become more cluttered, harderto read on the move, and cause confusion. Signs should beorientated to face customers’ movement wherever possible,and should be of consistent text size and format. At all changes in direction or decision points, signs should beclear and unobstructed on approach. All escalators requireclear signing showing all areas served by the escalator, whichshould generally be ceiling-mounted centrally over the bank ofescalators to allow for reversal. On the reverse of such signs,information should be avoided if possible, to stop customerspanicking to read it on a moving escalator, or stopping directlyat the bottom, thus causing a safety hazard.Where there are long subway routes, repeater signs should beused at frequent intervals to reassure customers that they aregoing in the right direction.

4.1 Ticket hall to platform4.2 Order of information4.3 Sign progression4.4 Line diagrams4.4.1 Line diagrams – layout details4.5 Platform bifurcation4.6 Emphasis of information4.7 Key destinations4.8 Platform confirmation4.8.1 Platform confirmation – numbers4.9 Special cases4.10 Train indicators


4.1 Ticket hall to platform London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

For the majority of stations, the order of informationon signs will follow consistent, clear principles.The first signs in the concourse or subways will givedirections using just the line names and colour bands,the information being limited to what is needed atthat point.At a decision point between lines, the same linedirectional signing is used, but supported by linediagrams displaying the stations served (refer to section4.4). The overhead line signs should be orientated toface customers directly. The line diagrams should bepositioned so as to be visible when approaching thedecision point, but not cause congestion if customersstop to read them.


4.2 Order of information London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

When signs direct to lines and platforms, a strict orderof information must be followed.The order is:• Line• Direction/platform• DestinationsThe line message is simply ‘Central line’, ‘Victoria line’and so on. For example, only where ‘District and Circlelines’ share the same platform may the message becombined.The platform message includes the compass-pointdescription, so ‘Southbound platform 1’ is treated asone message which may, however, be divided into twolines of text.The destinations message must be only a short list, forexample major stations served. A full list of stationsserved is given only in the form of a line diagram, seesection 4.4 and 4.4.1.

Victoria line

Victoria lineSouthbound platform 1

Victoria lineSouthboundplatform 1

Victoria line

EustonOxford CircusVictoria

Southbound platform 1


4.3 Sign progression London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

These illustrations show a typical progression ofsigns from ticket hall to platform.The sequence starts with a sign which refers onlyto the line(s), see Platform information is notintroduced until a bifurcation point is reached,see figureReference to destinations may be included by listingthe main stations served, see figure or by a linediagram, see figure (next page). The decision onwhich to employ will primarily be based on customerinformation requirements, and the available space.

Victoria line

Victoria lineNorthbound platform 1

Southbound platform 2

Victoria line Victoria lineNorthboundplatform 1VictoriaOxford CircusEuston

StockwellBrixton

platform 2Southbound

1

2

3


1 of 2

1

2

34

4.3 Sign progression London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

It should be noted, however, that it takes longer to finda single station name on a line diagram than on anabbreviated list, although it does give greaterorientational information.Lists of main destinations are therefore more suitablefor use at busy bifurcation points, where the presenceof customers studying line diagrams can causecongestion. Note that these are listed in geographicalnot alphabetical order.Further along the sign path, confirmation signs shouldbe used to provide reassurance, see figureUpon arrival at the platform, trackplates may be installedto confirm line, direction and platform information, referto section 4.8. Where it is not possible to fix a tracksideline diagram, platform confirmation should be given on asign suspended at right angles to the track, see figure


Finsbury ParkHighbury & Islington

Seven SistersTottenham HaleBlackhorse RoadWalthamstow Central

Piccadilly

Victoria lineNorthbound platform 1

Victoria lineNorthbound platform 1VictoriaOxford CircusEuston

4 5

6


2 of 2

5

6

4.4 Line diagrams London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Line diagrams, as illustrated on this page, aredestination information and therefore follow therules for order of information given in section 4.2.The line diagram must be preceded by the line andplatform messages.Line diagrams should be positioned at or beyondbifurcation points, as an aid to journey planning.Careful siting is essential to avoid congestion inpassageways and at the bottom of stairs etc. Wherea line diagram is inappropriate for this reason, asequential list of key destinations may be includedwith the line information.Trackside versions are positioned on the trackside wall,as a means of confirming arrival at the correct platformand orientating the customer, by the station positionon the line.Line and platform messages are separated from theadjoining line diagram by a 3mm light grey line.


Victoria

Fulham BroadwayParsons GreenPutney BridgeEast PutneySouthfields

West Brompton

Wimbledon

GunnersburyKew GardensRichmond

Wimbledon Park

Hammersmith

Ravenscourt Park

Stamford Brook

Turnham Green

Chiswick Park

Acton Town

Ealing Common

Ealing Broadway

West Kensington

Barons Court

Sloane Square

Gloucester Road

South Kensington

High Street KensingtonNotting Hill Gate

BayswaterPaddington

Edgware RoadBaker Street

Great Portland StreetEuston Square

Kensington (Olympia)

Earl's Court

& CityHammersmith


MonumentTower Hill

Cannon StreetEmbankmentVictoria

Fulham BroadwayWest Brompton

WimbledonHammersmithWest Kensington

Sloane SquareSouth KensingtonHigh Street Kensington

Kensington (Olympia)

Earl's Court

x = line width x = line width

1.5x

1.5x3x

3x

3x8x2x

2x1.5x

xxx

3x

xx 3x 1.5x 1.5x

x 3x17x x

R3x

R3x

3x3x3x3x3x3x

4xNorthern

Charing Cross

Bakerloo

Northern

Victoria

Piccadilly

Piccadilly

Central

Piccadilly& City

Hammersmith

4.4.1 Line diagrams – layout details London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

These rules are consistent with other diagrammaticmaterial such as car line diagrams and the Tube map.More specific layout and application details are givenin the ‘London Underground journey planner and linediagram standards’.


1 of 2

4.4.1 Line diagrams – layout details London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Some basic details of geometry lettering and colouringof line diagrams are shown on this page.All measurements are calculated from the widthof the line, defined as x.

Er0.17x

1.5x

2x

3x

R1.5x

Rx

x x

0.66x

0.66x


2 of 2

4.5 Platform bifurcation London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

The next decision point will generally be between twoplatforms of a specific line. At this stage, compassdirection and platform number will be displayed inaddition to the line name and colour band. In all cases,line diagrams must be fitted to allow the customer tomake the correct choice. Ideally, opposing line diagramsshould be positioned as close as possible, so thatcustomers who are looking for their end destination,can view both signs from one position. Where thereis more than one entry point to a line, eg switchableroutes or multiple escalators, all access points musthave full line diagram signs. On open ‘island’ platforms,free-standing line diagram signs directing to bothplatforms should be used, which must be orientatedto face customers.


4.6 Emphasis of information London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Not all stations fit the ‘model’ regarding platforming,and the decision en route to the platform may notalways follow the sequence described. In the exampleshown, the two adjacent platforms are for differentlines, but the same direction. To mention only the linenames would be inadequate in this situation, and itmust therefore be established which part of themessage should have the greatest emphasis. In thisinstance, the term ‘Northbound’ is the element toemphasise with the elements and line spacingfollowing the principles already outlined.


Bakerloo lineNorthboundplatform 10

Jubilee line


4.7 Key destinations London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

If there is insufficient space for a line diagram atthe platform bifurcation point, or the line diagramscannot be clearly visible, a platform bifurcation signwith key destinations may be used. At stations wheredirections are not easily understood by compass points,an overhead sign with key destinations may also beused in conjunction with a line diagram for emphasis.Single key destinations should also be used where itmay be considered the clearest communication tocustomers eg ‘Central London’ from Wembley Park.

Central lineEastbound platform 1Stratford

Central lineWestbound platform 2

Central London


4.8 Platform confirmation London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Platform entrances are key areas of customer anxiety.Arrival at the platform must always be confirmed byappropriate signing, facing customers at or near theentry point.On tube platforms, this will take the form of a trackplatewhich is a larger version of the line diagram, followingthe same map proportions. These signs should bepositioned on the trackside walls, slightly offset fromeach platform entrance to avoid congestion. Onplatforms with PEDs (platform- edge doors) fitted,these signs may be applied to the inside of the glass, tothe same proportions as a line diagram sign, at regularintervals along the platform length.


4.8.1 Platform confirmation – numbers London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

On open platforms, the platform confirmation shouldtake the form of a suspended sign with line name,colour strip and platform description as shown infigure On island platforms, line diagrams mustbe clearly visible facing customers on entry. On singleplatforms, where line direction has already beenestablished, a single line diagram should be wall-mounted close to the platform entry point.On platforms where services are not dedicated tospecific lines, or more than one platform servesa particular direction eg Earl’s Court, the use ofstandard platform confirmation signs is verymisleading, particularly when customers may beunaware of another platform serving the samedestination sooner. Where platform numbers aredisplayed on the Dot-Matrix Indicators displays forplatform finding, the signing must reflect thesepriorities. See figureWhere platform confirmation signs are positioned on columns, or where there are sightline widthrestrictions, an upright format sign may be used,omitting the line name/s. See figure

Platform

215

250

200

25

B

G

District line

Platform 2C

F

District lineWestbound platform 2D

E

1

2

3


1

2

3

4.9 Special cases London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

From time to time, situations will occur when thesigning standards may be inadequate to provide thefull level of information required by the customer. Thismay be due to the operational need of the individualstation, or due to a particular event, which may resultin a different emphasis in terms of informationelements. In such instances, the customer’s interestsare primary, and the standards will need to be adaptedto suit the individual need of such stations. Suchvariations can be sanctioned only by LondonUnderground, and all proposed layouts must besubmitted and approved prior to implementation.In the example shown, the level of information on theoriginal signs was felt to be appropriate but visuallyoverpowering. To give a clearer emphasis, a new signlayout was created using the platform numbers in areversed circle, which was also used as a directionalaid on the maps below, thus reducing the number ofmaps required. It is essential in this instance that thenumbered circles be consistently used for sign trailsthroughout the station.

Old sign appears cluttered with six lines displayed


1 of 2


Rationalised layout using platform numbers to show direction of travel


2 of 2

4.10 Train indicators London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Train indicators, although strictly not part ofthe fixed-sign system, fall into the category ofdestination information.For details of all real-time information signs,refer to LUL engineering specification.


5.0 Platform signing London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Platform signs are those which identify a station to thecustomer on arrival by train. These appear on the platformas either wall-mounted or free-standing signs. On platformswhich are underground, a smaller version of the platform signis also required on the trackside wall.Particularly on tunnel walls, they are so closely associatedwith architectural features, they affect and are affected bytheir surroundings, although to a lesser extent than is thecase with external signs, they must also respect historic andspecial architectural considerations from time to time.However, it should be remembered that their primary functionis to inform in a very difficult situation. When a train drawsinto a station, there is a very limited amount of time in whichto recognise the station name, which is always a cause ofcustomer anxiety.

5.1 Station identification from train5.2 Basic platform roundel considerations5.3 Platform and trackside roundel sizes5.3.1 Frequency/height5.4 Station name sizes5.5 Types of platform roundel5.6 Roundel clearance5.6.1 Restricted roundel sizes5.7 Existing silhouette roundels5.8 Frieze – basic considerations5.8.1 Frieze – appearance5.8.2 Incorporating frieze within trucking5.9 Interchange information along platforms5.9.1 Interchange and exit information5.9.2 Interchange terminology


5.1 Station identification from train London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

On platform and trackside walls, standard roundelsmust be fitted at the correct frequency and height, toenable customers to see the station name clearly fromall locations on the train.On all underground platforms a continuous friezeshould also be fitted, displaying the station nameand directions to the nearest ‘Way out’.


5.2 Basic platform roundel considerations London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

The basic rules for platform roundels follow theprinciples established in section 1.0. The rules in sections 1.1.3 and 1.2 concerningbackground areas and background colours are ofparticular relevance.As with external roundel signs, the preferred versionfor platforms is a panel sign with a white backgroundof the recommended proportions, which gives aprotected area for the roundel. Silhouette versions are also available for use inspecial circumstances, see section 1.1.2, and insuch cases, care should be taken to observe therules on background colour given in section 1.1.3.

VICTORIA

9x

43x

62x

53x

4.5x4.5x

10x


5.3 Platform and trackside roundel sizes London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Platform, or station name, roundels follow theprinciples established in section 1.0. The preferred size for a platform roundel is 1250 x1250mm. A trackside roundel is half the size of thepreferred platform roundel. If a roundel of any othersize is used, it must be of the exact proportionsestablished for the basic form of Undergroundroundel.The preferred sizes for platform and trackside silhouetteroundels are 1000mm diameter and 500mm diameterapproximately. Frame sections used decrease in stepsproportionally to diameter. Centres on all silhouetteroundels should be open (as opposed to white),allowing the wall finish to be visible.

VICTORIA 1250 1000

1250

VICTORIA

VICTORIA VICTORIA625 500

625


5.3.1 Frequency/height London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

It will not often be possible to space roundelsevenly along the length of a given platform. However,the minimum and maximum distances betweenroundels shown on this page should be adhered to,to ensure that sufficient identification of the stationname is given without overcrowding theplatform/trackside walls.Frequency of trackside roundels is easier to maintainconsistently but, even so, minimum and maximumdistances have been fixed in order to take into accountdifferent tunnel wall construction methods, postersites etc.Due to the varying height of tube and surface stock,maximum and minimum heights are given for tracksideroundels. In practice, roundel height should be basedon the rolling stock using the platform, the bottom ofthe sign aligning to the bottom of the train window.

VICTORIA VICTORIA

VICTORIA VICTORIA VICTORIA VICTORIA

5000 min / 15000 max

4000 min / 7500 max

1200 min / 1350 max

1850 min / 2050 max

1250

625

Platform level

Trackside roundels

Rail level


5.4 Station name sizes London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

The size of the lettering for the station name isdetermined as shown opposite. The white box definesan area within the bar and the name must never exceedthe height or width of this area.Names must appear on one line only.

3.75Y

3.75Y

3.75Y 3.75Y

8.5Y 16Y

KING'S CROSS ST.PANCRAS GREENFORD OVAL


5.5 Types of platform roundel London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Because the nature of the platform environmentis so variable, it is not possible to recommend onestandard type of platform roundel.Roundels may sometimes be applied to integrated,curved, vitreous enamel wall panels, appear as curvedor flat panel signs applied to tunnel walls, or be free-standing on land or open-air platforms.The photographs opposite show the main typesof roundel panel sign:

Single-sided roundel forflat wall mountingSingle-sided curved roundel formounting on curved walls

1 2


1 of 2

1

2

5.5 Types of platform roundel London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Double-sided free-standing flanged roundel for open platformsSingle-sided silhouette roundel for flat or curved wallsDouble-sided silhouette roundel for open platforms

3 4

5

2 of 2


3

4

5

5.6 Roundel clearance London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Although it may not always be possible to positionsigns in ideal locations, due to architectural or otherconsiderations, certain parameters should be followedas closely as possible.In cases where the roundel is to be applied to existingpanels, for example vitreous enamel panels which forman integral part of the wall cladding or glass panels inexisting frames, then the minimum distances asestablished for the panel sign should be respected.This may result in more space above or below, or toeither side of the roundel, which should then be visuallycentred vertically and horizontally in the space available,as shown opposite.

VICTORIA

VICTORIA

VICTORIA


5.6.1 Restricted roundel sizes London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

One possible justification for use of a silhouetteroundel is that in a restricted space situation, forexample on a station column, use of the panel versionwould reduce the size of the roundel itself, andtherefore also the size of the station name lettering.

VICTORIA VICTORIA


5.7 Existing silhouette roundels London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

In some cases, roundels appear as integral parts offixed structures, and to remove or replace them wouldinvolve unjustifiable expense.In heritage situations where the colours and letteringare reasonably compatible, it may be judged best simplyto renovate the item. It is otherwise required to replacedeteriorated or incorrect panels with new ones of thecorrect style, leaving the framing structure intact, asillustrated opposite.


5.8 Frieze – basic considerations London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

The frieze is an important back-up system of stationidentification, and should be installed at all sub-surfaceand tube stations. Care must be taken to ensure that itsimplementation is correct and consistent. The friezeplate must be 250mm deep, with the graphic elementsdimensioned as shown opposite. The frieze run shouldbe fixed at a constant height of 2.2 metres fromplatform level to the bottom edge.Station names should appear on each full panel. Forlong station names, to avoid visual confusion, thestation names may appear on every other panel.However, where a panel is installed without the stationname, the ‘Way out’ patch will remain.Where lift access is via a different cross-passage fromthe main ‘Way out’, the standard MIP symbols must bedisplayed adjacent to the ‘Way out’ patch. Such symbolsare required only where direction to the lifts deviatesfrom the main ‘Way out’.

Way out OVAL250

5055

90 90

55

Way outWay out KING'S CROSS ST.PANCRAS

Equal Equal50

Way outWay out BANK

Equal Equal5050

Way outWay out OVAL

Equal

2500

Equal50


5.8.1 Frieze – appearance London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

A standard panel width of 2.5m has been establishedwhich can be used in long runs, with special ‘infill’panels at either end.Example:Length of run = 21.5mStandard length x 8 = 20m2 special ‘infill’ panels of 750mm = 1.5m

In this example the ‘infill’ panels would be blank exceptfor the line colour.Shorter panel widths may be used in exceptional cases,for example on curved platforms. In such cases thestation name and ‘Way out’ patches should be centredwithin panels as shown.

Way outWay outWay out Way outKING'S CROSS ST.PANCRAS KING'S CROSS ST.PANCRAS

Way out Way outWay outWay out OVAL OVALOVAL

Way outWay out Way outEDGWARE ROAD EDGWARE ROAD EDGWARE ROAD

Equal Equal Equal Equal


5.8.2 Incorporating frieze within trucking London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Where no obstruction, for example ducting, is present,the frieze is normally constructed as a tray section witha return which matches that of the directional and panelroundel signs.The frieze may be used as flat plate only for applicationto existing ducting. In both cases the finish is vitreousenamel.The frieze depth is always 250mm.Where an existing ducting element is of a greater depth,the frieze is applied to the lower edge.

VICTORIA

VICTORIA

VICTORIA


5.9 Interchange information along platforms London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Having alighted from the train, customers should begiven immediate directions to any interchanges directlyserved by the station. The siting of interchangeinformation above the roundel capitalises on the visualfocus of the station name, and if applied in a consistentmanner, will ensure customers know where to look forsuch information.Where possible the signs should be sited directly abovethe roundel sign, but where space is insufficient, signingmay appear above the frieze centred on the stationname and of matching width.


TOWER HILL

Way outTOWER HILL

King's Cross

Victoria line

St. Pancras

Euston Road

KING'S CROSS ST.PANCRAS

Way outKING'S CROSS ST.PANCRAS


1 of 2

5.9 Interchange information along platforms London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

The interchange signing follows the graphic principlesestablished in the basic elements section. On platformwalls the signing will generally be sited directly abovethe station name, or above the frieze. In exceptionalcircumstances, the information may be incorporatedinto the frieze, such as on the recent Jubilee linestations, where the friezes are illuminated, and signingabove would have appeared dark in comparison.


2 of 2

5.9.1 Interchange and exit information London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

On open platforms with panel roundels, the interchangeinformation should be integrated into the roundelpanel, albeit as an additional area at the top of the sign,the roundel height and background being unaffected.The same principle may be adopted when applying ‘Wayout’ information.

Way out

GREENFORD

Way out

GREENFORD


5.9.2 Interchange terminology London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

When directing to interchange facilities other than theother Underground lines, consistent terminology isvitally important to ensure customers understand thenetwork being signed. Only core networks should beused on directional signing, as these can be easilyunderstood by the customer.Train operating company names should not be used,except where direction between operators bifurcateswithin the station and no alternative exists. Theexamples opposite show the correct terminology tobe adopted for typical interchange situations.

If space is limited, the term ‘Station' maybe omittedWithin a major national railway station ‘National Rail' may be used to differentiate from other rail servicesIn some instances a destination may be moreeasily understood than the network nameWhere specific platforms serve the rail network,platform numbers may be the clearest description

Liverpool Street National Rail

Aylesbury trains Platforms 7-10

Waterloo InternationalDocklands Light Rail LIGHT RAIL

Buses Trams

1 2

3 4


1

2

3

4

6.0 Exit from platform London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

At all stations it is essential that during both normal operationand during emergencies, customers can always clearly see thelocation of the nearest exit (or Emergency exit where present).It is a mandatory requirement at sub-surface stations that allplatforms must have sufficient illuminated ‘Way out’ signs soas to be clearly visible from all areas of the platform. Whilethe frieze incorporates ‘Way out’ signing, this is not illuminatedand should be thought of as a supplement and not a substitutefor projecting illuminated ‘Way out’ signing.

6.1 Way out from platform6.2 Way out from platform – Principles6.3 Directing to several cross-passages6.4 Directions to lifts6.5 Platform to ticket hall6.6 Maintaining clear sightlines


6.1 Way out from platform London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

The ‘Way out’ sign should display only information thatis necessary for customers to be guided quickly fromthe platform. At simple stations, this signing will displaya large ‘Way out’ patch only. At interchange stations,even though the route to the interchange facility maybe through the same passage from platform, theinterchange/s must also be shown on the primary ‘Wayout’ signs, ensuring customers do not wrongly believethere may be a separate, dedicated exit point. Where stations have level access to exit or interchangeusing lifts via a separate exit, this route must be clearlyapparent from the main exit point on the platform.Where two separate exits exist from the platformleading to separate street locations, sufficientinformation must be included on the exit sign to enablecustomers to make an informed decision, usingprimary, key, designated street or place names.This is dealt with in more detail in section 8.0,‘Exit from station’.


6.2 Way out from platform – principles London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

The principal ‘Way out’ indication will normally be byan illuminated sign placed at right angles to the track.Details of this sign are given in section 1.7. The signmay also include directions to other lines. Details ofthis type of sign are given in section 1.14.When combining other directions, care must be takento ensure type sizes are visible from correct viewingdistances. Generally the ‘Way out’ panel should beB or C size, D size only being used in exceptionalcircumstances, where several other elements areto be displayed. Where additional directions arecombined with the ‘Way out’ panel, these shouldbe placed to the side, to keep the sign to a longer,shallower format, thus helping maintain clearsightlines, refer to section 6.6.When smaller type sizes are used, additional repeatersigns should be considered at strategic points alongthe platform. Where overbridges cause obstructions,single-faced signs should be fitted to the sides,aligning the bottom edge.

Way out

Central line

Platforms 3 and 4Way out

Northern line

Piccadilly line

Hammersmith & CityMetropolitan andCircle linesKing's Cross

St. Pancras

Way out


6.3 Directing to several cross-passages London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Where there are several routes from platform to exitsor interchange, these may not be immediately apparentfrom all areas of the platform. In this instance thejunctions between platforms and cross-passagesshould be treated as decision points between routes,and signing should display both the route served bythe cross-passage, and the route to the other crosspassage/s further along the platform.This simple principle is demonstrated in thediagram opposite.

Way outCentral line

Passenger flow Passenger flow

Way outCentral line Way outCentral line


6.4 Directions to lifts London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Where stations have level access between platform andstreet or interchange, the level access route may deviatefrom the main route at several points between levels.From platforms, the level access route to the exit orinterchange may be via a different cross-passage fromthe main escalator route, and lift pictograms anddirections must be incorporated, with supporting textas required, replaced with andWhen directing to interchange lines where there is levelaccess only to certain lines, this must be reflected inthe signing, the symbols being positioned in associationwith the accessible line only.

Please follow signs to lift

No access forwheelchair users Way out

Front

Way out

Reverse

1

2


1 2

6.5 Platform to ticket hall London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Having left the platform by the correct exit, customersshould be able to follow a trail of frequent consistentsigns to the exit or interchange line as required. At eachdecision point en route, clear signing must be present,orientated to face the customer, giving sufficient cleardirections to enable correct decisions to be taken,without unnecessary information which may confuse. Ifthe station has only one exit, there is no need to mentionthe street names at this point, it will merely make the signlayout more cluttered, possibly affecting the text size.All escalators must have clear directions to enablecustomers to see clearly the areas served without slowing.At each decision point within sub-surface Undergroundstations, there must be an illuminated ‘Way out’ sign (orEmergency exit where applicable) clearly visible in caseof an emergency evacuation. Long interchange subwaysshould also have exit information present in line withthe viewing distances established within the basicelements section.


6.6 Maintaining clear sightlines London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Underground platforms are an increasingly competitiveenvironment in terms of the signing and equipmentnecessary for safe operation of the railway. While signingis essential for customers to find their way safely fromplatforms to the correct exit, or evacuate the station inthe event of an emergency, the positions of cameras andplatform train indicators must be carefully considered.A hierarchy of platform signing and equipment has beendeveloped, to ensure each element can be positionedwithin set zones within the platform section, and at setdistances depending on height, so as to be visible andoperate successfully. Elements such as exit signs are fixed in their positionalong the platform by the actual location of the exit. Otherelements such as train indicators, have more flexibility intheir optimum position, and may be resited if clashesoccur. The diagram on this page indicates the principleof sightline exclusion zones around signs, which mustbe maintained when installing or resiting any platformsigning or equipment.

Exclusion zone for ‘Way out’ sign.

Central line

Way out

1


1 of 2

1

6.6 Maintaining clear sightlines London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

A table of minimum distances is shown, based onviewing distance and equipment height from platform.While the minimum headroom shown is below thedesirable minimum, this can only be used in extremecircumstances under a concession from LondonUnderground. The normal desirable minimum headroomfor platforms is 2.5m. For full details and conditionsrefer to the LUL Signing and Equipment HierarchyStandard E3444.

Com

mon

hea

droo

m in

met

res Sign height = .35m

Eye level =1.7m

Maximum viewing distance in metres

2.32.42.52.62.72.82.93.0

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

3.6 7.3 11 14.5 18.5 22 25 29 33 373.3 6.5 10 13 16.5 20 23 26.5 30 333 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30

2.8 5.6 8.4 11 14 16.5 19.5 22 25 282.6 5 7.5 10 12.5 15.5 18 20.5 23 262.4 4.8 7 9.5 12 14 16.5 19 21 242.2 4.5 6.7 9 11 13.5 15 18 20 222.1 4.2 6.3 8.5 10.5 13 15 17 19 21

Way out sign

Headroom

Exclusion zone Exclusion zone for Way out signfor Way out sign

Minimum distance Minimum distance MDMD

DMI

Sightlines

Specified clearance from platform

Maximum viewing distance set by end of platform or position of repeater sign

Eye level (1.7m)

Maximum viewing distance

Typical arrangementTypical arrangement

Table of minimum sign/equipment spacing


2 of 2

7.0 Emergency exits London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Regulation 7 of the Fire Precautions (Sub-surface RailwayStations) Regulations states that: ‘Every doorway or other exit affording a means of escapefrom the station premises in case of fire or giving access tosuch a means of escape, including the means of exit inordinary use by members of the public, shall be distinctivelyand conspicuously marked by a notice indicating that it is anordinary means of exit or (as the case may be) an emergencyexit from the premises.’This regulation must be implemented in all LondonUnderground sub-surface stations. To this end all existing‘Way out’ signing within stations should be retained withthe addition of emergency signs as necessary. The differenttypes of emergency sign, with examples of their application,are detailed in this section.When planning signing for any station with emergency exits,the LUL Fire Systems Engineer and the LFEPA must beconsulted.

7.1 Regulations7.2 Pictograms7.3 Types of emergency sign7.4 Combining signs7.5 Emergency exits for wheelchair users7.6 Switchable exit signs7.7 ‘No entry’ signs7.8 Special cases


7.1 Regulations London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

‘Emergency exit’ signs must be used only to indicate adesignated safe exit. For most exits, standard ‘Way out’signs must be used.Only designated emergency exits (leading to a safe area)may be marked as such, and normal exits (generallyleading to ticket halls) must be signed as ‘Way out’as they are not deemed a guaranteed ‘safe’ exit.This is outlined in regulation 4 (7) of the Fire Precautions(Sub-surface Railway Stations) Regulations 1989. One ofthe lessons learnt from the King’s Cross fire is thatemergency exits must be separate routes leading toan independent safe area. Normal ‘Way out’ routesmust not be signed as emergency exits.

exitEmergency


7.2 Pictograms London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Pictograms serve as recognisable pictorialrepresentations which can make signs moreconspicuous and more easily comprehensible,especially by those who cannot read or understandEnglish. All ‘Emergency exit’ signs should carry theapproved ‘running man’ pictogram.The specified proportions of this pictogram are fixed.The imagery should not be altered except in size andorientation to fit in with the existing Undergroundsign system.When combined with directional arrows, theorientation of the pictogram should be alteredas illustrated. The pictogram should always bereproduced in Underground green and Undergroundwhite. Colour references are given in section 1.2.The Standard LUL ‘running man’ symbol is theBritish Standard 5499 version.

Equal

Equal


7.3 Types of emergency sign London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

The ‘Running man’ pictogram should be combined withan accompanying message and directional arrows withina patch of fixed proportions. The pictogram, letteringand directional arrows should be Underground whitereversed out of an Underground green patch. Colourspecifications are given in section 1.2.Three types of ‘Emergency exit’ sign are normally used.The message should always be ranged to the pictogramdirection, as illustrated.

‘Emergency exit’Signs carrying the message ‘Emergency exit’ shouldbe used to designate a station exit not normallyusedas a customer ‘Way out’. Where necessary, additional‘Emergency exit’ (repeater) signs with a directional arrowshould be installed, to provide a clear and unambiguousroute from the point where the ‘Emergency exit’ routedeviates from the normal ‘Way out’ route.These signs must be used in conjunction with emergencydoor signage, refer to section 10.0.From platform level, all ‘Emergency exit’ signs mustbe illuminated, with the exception of wall-mountedrepeater signs. At any decision point an illuminatedsign must be used.

exitEmergency

6A 5A11A

11A 13A

5A

16A

8A

4A4A4A6A

exitEmergency

Emergency exit incorporating emergency lift

C

32

32

26

125


1 of 4


‘Exit only in emergency’Where passageways are not designated ‘Way out’routes, but could be used as an exit in the event ofan emergency, they should be signed ‘Exit only inemergency’. This may be used at the point whereentry passage joins the platform, in place of‘No exit’ signs.

emergencyExit only in

50

50

Min 50


2 of 4


‘Emergency stairs’Signs carrying the message ‘Emergency stairs’ shouldbe used to distinguish emergency exit routes whichincorporate stairs not normally used as part of acustomer route. All stations equipped with spiral stairsshould be signed ‘Emergency stairs’ at the point wherethe emergency exit deviates from the normal ‘Way out’route to the bottom of the stairs. A further sign (either‘Emergency exit’ or ‘Way out’ as appropriate) should beprovided at the top of the stairs directing customersout of the station.

stairsEmergency


3 of 4


The same rules governing positioning of directional signsapply to emergency signs. To provide guidance withinareas not normally used by customers, and givereassurance, emergency exit signs should be repeated atminimum distance intervals of 15m. Repeater/reassurancesigns on platforms or exit routes may be non-illuminated,but if the main ‘Way out’/‘Emergency exit’ signs areswitchable, the repeater/reassurance signs shouldbe illuminated.When determining the size of an emergency exit sign,a balance should be achieved between optimum legibilityand practicality. Available space and combination withexisting signs, see section 7.4, will be determining factorsin many cases.The table opposite should be used in conjunction withthe viewing distance chart, see section 6.6, to determinethe size of an emergency exit sign patch used within aparticular station environment.

Patch size Arrow size CH x

B 980 x 240 110 55 40C 735 x 180 83 41 30D 490 x 120 55 28 20E 368 x 90 41 21 15F 246 x 60 28 14 10G 185 x 45 21 10 7

exitEmergency

exitEmergency

Max 15000


4 of 4

7.4 Combining signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Emergency exit signs may be combined with othersigns only at the point where an emergency exit routedeviates from the normal ‘Way out’ route.Signs may be combined in horizontal or vertical format.Information on accompanying signs should align asillustrated. In a situation where sign cases to currentstandards exist, separate sign cases can be used foremergency signs. When ‘Emergency exit’ and ‘Way out’signs are combined, they must be switchable, seesection 1.11. ‘Running man’ pictograms should notbe combined with ‘Way out’ patches.


50

50

Align

Min 50

exitEmergency

Tower Gateway


Align

Align

Align cap height with top of patch

Align baseline of Emergency exit with baseline of type

exitEmergency

exitEmergency


7.5 Emergency exits for wheelchair users London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Where emergency exits have fire-secure lifts and stairs,the signing should be as described in the opening pagesof this section, incorporating the running man andwheelchair symbols. Where there is an emergency liftspecifically for wheelchair use, but it is accessed fromthe platform by a separate route from the main‘Emergency exit’, the term ‘Emergency lift’ should beused as required on platform ‘Emergency exit’ signing.Such a route must not be signed using the running mansymbol, as this may result in misuse by able-bodiedevacuees believing incorrectly that the lift should beused as the primary evacuation route.Where a platform has ‘Emergency exits’ withoutprovision for wheelchair use, wall-mounted noticesshould be fitted at strategic points along the platform,with text clearly explaining any emergency procedures.

exitEmergency lift at other

end ofplatform

Emergency

Front

Emergency lift

Reverse

exitEmergency

In an emergency please contact a member of staff or operate a Help point to speak to the supervisor


7.6 Switchable exit signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Switchable signs may be used in a variety of modes toindicate status changes in an emergency situation.Examples are shown of different types of switchablesign, with typical positioning within stationenvironments.The first example shows a horizontally combined‘Way out’ and ‘Emergency exit’ sign. ‘Way out’ and‘Emergency exit’ signs should be combined only atthe point where an emergency exit route deviatesfrom a normal ‘Way out’ route. In such a case the signshould be switchable in an emergency situation, asshown. The second example shows a verticallycombined sign. This arrangement should be usedonly where there are space restrictions.The third example illustrates the use of a ‘secret’emergency exit sign. Where an ‘Emergency exit’ routeleads directly to a ‘down’ escalator, a switchable ‘Noentry’/‘Exit in emergency only’ sign should be used.In an emergency situation, provided the escalator hasbeen stopped or reversed, the sign can be switchedto ‘Exit only in emergency’ to direct customers toan ‘Emergency exit’ or normal ‘Way out’.Where a sign needs to be switchable this can be donelocally, but provision must be made for a centrallycontrolled switching/routing system at stationswhere an operations room exists, or is planned.

exitEmergency Way out

50

5050 Min 50

Min 50

exitEmergency

Way out50

50

Min 50

Min 5050

emergencyExit only in No entry

Switchable signs


7.7 ‘No entry’ signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

No entryxxx

EqualEqual

emergencyExit only in No entry

Emergency ‘No entry’ signs differ in purpose, designand application from normal directional ‘No entry’ signs.Emergency ‘No entry’ signs have Underground whitelettering reversed out of an Underground safety red patchof fixed proportions. Reference for these colours can befound in section 1.2.‘No entry’ signs should be illuminated and switchable.When an ‘Emergency exit’ route leading directly to a normal‘Way out’ incorporates a ‘down’ escalator, a switchable‘No entry’/‘Exit only in emergency’ sign should be utilised.This ‘No entry’ sign should be switched to ‘Exit only inemergency’ only when the escalator has been stoppedor reversed, in an emergency situation.‘No entry’ signs should be applied in the standard sizesgiven. The table should be used in conjunction with theviewing distance chart, section 6.6, to determine thecorrect size within a particular station environment.

Patch size CH x

B 980 x 240 110 80C 735 x 180 83 60D 490 x 120 55 40E 368 x 90 41 30F 246 x 60 28 20G 185 x 45 21 15




10

25

2537

83

74

3022223225

32

37 2543120 100

160

350 x 350

Alternative format signsIn particular circumstances, an alternative formatemergency exit sign may be used, for example incross-passages where a site area is restricted orwhere line of sight is restricted by columns. The signsmay be used in two standard sizes, as illustrated.These types of sign should be illuminated only whenit is not possible to position them close to a dual-fedlight. The preferred option is for these signs to benon-illuminated.

Emergency exit repeater/reassurance signsIn situations where a site area is restricted, emergencyexit signs may be used without the accompanyingmessage, in the standard size illustrated. This sign mustbe used as a repeater/reassurance sign only betweenthe point where an emergency exit route deviates froma normal ‘Way out’ route, and the emergency exit itself.This type of sign should never be illuminated.Note: Where signs are not illuminated, levels of incidentilluminance must be in accordance with LUL’sengineering standards.

160

1025

25 120 37 100 43 25

37

83

60

2510

350 x 230


160

8

25

2525

55

4921

152025

21

80 25 65 30 25

250 x 250


1 of 2


Non-illuminated signsIn situations where it is not essential to illuminatean emergency exit sign, eg a change in passagedirection, a non-illuminated version may be used.Two standard sizes of non-illuminated sign areavailable, as illustrated. ‘Emergency exit’ signs atkey locations where changes of direction occur,such as on platforms or in major circulating areas,must be illuminated. Non-illuminated ‘Emergencyexit’ signs must not be combined with illuminated‘Way out’ signs.

exitEmergency

800 x 240

1045303030

30833730

3037

83

60

30

100120

45

160

10

exitEmergency

580 x 180

30

30 6555 25 80 30

302555

4030

8

104

8

20202030

All measurements in millimetres.


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8.0 Exit from station London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

The following sheets should be used as a guide for the correctplacement of exit, interchange and landmark information onexit signs within Underground ticket halls. Due to the variedcomplexity of stations and the nature of attractions aroundthe system, there can be no absolute rules. The fundamentalprinciple of clear, ordered information which is consistentwith that shown on LUL vicinity maps and guides, is extremelyimportant for customers to continue their journey effortlesslyfrom the Underground station to their intended destination.

8.1 Exit from station8.1.1 Multi-exit stations8.2 Exit guide layout principles8.3 Signing to bus stops


8.1 Exit from station London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

For all stations, the signing provided at the point ofexit to street should display the ‘Way out’ patch (thus completing the trail from platform to street),together with primary street names, landmarks andamenities. The signing should follow the same graphicprinciples previously described, displaying informationin a concise and consistent manner.Where interchange facilities exist, signing shoulddirect to the services in accordance with the Transportfor London ‘Interchange Signing Guidelines’.The following pages cover some additional principleswhich should be adopted when dealing with morecomplex multi-exit stations, and also how to direct toseveral bus stops in different directions from the exit.


8.1.1 Multi-exit stations London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

It is crucial that customers are confident, when leavingthe station to continue their journey, that they knowwhich exit to use, and which way to continue from theexit. If we used just the primary overhead signing todisplay all information required, sign layouts wouldbecome cluttered and overcomplicated with thevolume of information to be displayed, which wouldreduce type sizes and viewing distances considerably.To resolve this, we have developed a structure hierarchyof exit information, which uses the primary overheadsigning for exit numbers and primary names, backed byassociated lists and maps carrying comprehensiveinformation relating to the surrounding area.

Way out

Way out

Exit 2Primary name

Exit 3Primary name

Street name information one

Street name information two

Street name information three

Street name information four

Street name information five

BusesHigh Road

Way out


1 of 2

8.1.1 Multi-exit stations London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

This illustration demonstrates a typical arrangementfor exit information at a multi-exit station.

Overhead ‘Way out’ signing displaying exit numberand primary nameWall-mounted exit guide, showing selective list oflandmarks, amenities and bus servicesStandard printed vicinity map showingcomprehensive list of all local amenitiesand Bus spider map

1

1

11

2

2

2

3

Destination one

Bridge Street

Parliament StreetThe Cenotaph

Whitehall

Big Ben

Thames PathSt. Thomas's Hospital

Houses of Parliament

Exit 4

Exit 5

Destination two

Stop

Downing StreetHorse Guards Parade

Victoria StreetBanqueting House

Cabinet War RoomsCentral Hall

Department of Trade & IndustryMiddlesex Guildhall

Queen Elizabeth II Conference CentreToilets

Exit 6

Exit 3

Westminster Millennium Pier

London AquariumBA London Eye

Westminster BridgeExit 1

Exit guide

Victoria EmbankmentExit 2

Buses towardsB

C

LONDONBRIDGE

¤

SouthwarkCrown Court

London BridgeHospital

Guy'sHospital

Vinopolis-City of Wine

The ClinkPrison

H.M.S.Belfast

The LondonDungeon

The Britain atWar Experience(under station)Operating

TheatreMuseum

The Golden HindeShip Museum

Thames

Guy'sHospital

BoroughMarket

BermondseyLeather

T O O L E YS T R E E T

DR

UID

S TC R U C I F I X L A N E

L O N G L A N E

S O U T H WA R K S T

GR

EA

T

BE

RM

ON

DS

EY

ST

S T . T H O M A SS T R E E T

DUKE STREET HILL

BO

RO

UG

HH

I GH

ST

RE E T

LON

DO

NBR

I

UNION ST

MONTAGUE CL TOOLEY ST

MAGDALEN ST

SHA

ND

STRE

ET

GRE

ATM

AZE

PON

D

BARN

HAM

STRE

ET

NEWCOMEN STREET

MELIOR ST

SNOWSFIELDSMERMAID COURT

CRO

SBY

ROW

GUY STREET

BRU

NSW

ICK

CT

LEATHERMARKET STREET TANNER STREET

TERRY ST

L

CLINK STREET

CATHEDRAL

STBEDALE ST

LONDON

BRIDGE ST

STO

NEY

ST

TREE

T

KIP

LIN

GST

REET

PORLOCK ST

WESTO

NSTREET

CCO

STRE

ET

WHITES

GRO

UN

DS

HAY

'SLA

NE

CHAPEL CT

FAIR

ST

WES

TON

ST

STA

INER

ST

BATT

LEBR

IDGE LA

NE

MORG

ANSL

ANE

London Bridge Walk

The Queen's Walk

Great Yard

Angel Place

London BridgeCity Pier

Hay'sGalleria

SouthwarkCathedral

to Tower Bridge, Tower Pier,Tower of London,

The Design Museum& Shad Thames

The CottonCentre

Price Waterhouse Cooper(1 London Bridge)

PriceWaterhouseCooper

NCP andEasy-Rent-a-Car

PostOffice

LondonBridge

All BarOne

City BankingCentre

The Drome(under station)

Cynthia's

The Barrow Boyand Banker

Cash MachinesCashMachines

to Starskey &Hutch Bar

Beckett House

T

B

C

1

2

3

4

5

6

Way out Exit 1Primary exit name

3

1 2

LONDONBRIDGE

¤



Guy'sHospital


The ClinkPrison

H.M.S.Belfast

The LondonDungeon


TheatreMuseum


River Thames

Guy'sHospital

BoroughMarket

BermondseyLeatherMarket


DR

UID


L O N GL A N E

L O N G L A N E

O U T H WA R K S T

GR

EA

TD

OV

ER

ST

BE

RM

ON

DS

EY

ST

RE

ET


DUKE STREET HILL

BO

RO

UG

HH

I GH

ST

RE E T

LON

DO

NBR

I DG

NION ST


MAGDALEN ST

SHA

ND

STRE

ET

GRE

ATM

AZE

PON

D

BARN

HAM

STRE

ET

NEWCOMEN STREET

MELIOR ST


CRO

SBY

ROW

GUY STREET

BRU

NSW

ICK

CT


STERRY ST

HAN

KEY

PL

STAPL

EST

REET

CLINK STREET

CATHEDRAL

STBEDALE ST

LONDON

BRIDGE ST

STO

NEY

ST

COLE ST

MAN

CIPLE

STREET

PILGRIMAGE

STRE

ET

TABARD ST

KIP

LIN

GST

REET

PORLOCK ST

WESTO

NSTREET

MO

ROC

COST

REET

WHITES

GRO

UN

DS

HAY

'SLA

NE

CHAPEL CT

LAMB WALK

FAIR

ST

WES

TON

ST

STA

INER

ST

BATT

LEBR

IDGE LA

NE

MORG

ANSL

ANE

Tower BridgeTravel Inn

London Bridge Walk

The Queen's Walk

Great Yard

Angel Place


Hay'sGalleria

SouthwarkCathedral

to Shakespeare's Globe &The Tate Gallery of Modern Art



The CottonCentre




to BermondseyAntique Market

PostOffice

LondonBridge

All BarOne

City BankingCentre


Cynthia's



o Starskey &Hutch Bar

Beckett House

T


2 of 2

1

2

3

8.2 Exit guide layout principles London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Type size D (E for narrow panels)TfL style map (same as vicinity map) to show all exitpoints and areas served. Exit numbers shown whiteon dark blue discs. Bus-stop letters shown white onred discsFlat aluminium frame powder-coated greyEncapsulated exit guide

Destination one

Bridge Street

Parliament StreetThe Cenotaph

Whitehall

Big Ben

Thames PathSt. Thomas's Hospital

Houses of Parliament

Exit 4

Exit 5

Destination two

Stop

Downing StreetHorse Guards Parade

Victoria StreetBanqueting House

Cabinet War RoomsCentral Hall

Department of Trade & IndustryMiddlesex Guildhall

Queen Elizabeth II Conference CentreToilets

Exit 6

Exit 3

Westminster Millennium Pier

London AquariumBA London Eye

Westminster BridgeExit 1

Exit guide

Victoria EmbankmentExit 2

Buses towardsB

C

LONDONBRIDGE

¤



Guy'sHospital


The ClinkPrison

H.M.S.Belfast

The LondonDungeon


TheatreMuseum


River Thames

Guy'sHospital

BoroughMarket

Bermondsey


DR

UID


L O N G L A N E

O U T H WA R K S T

GR

EA

T

BE

RM

ON

DS

EY

S


DUKE STREET HILL

BO

RO

UG

HH

I GH

ST

RE E T

LON

DO

NBR

I D

NION ST


MAGDALEN ST

SHA

ND

STRE

ET

GRE

ATM

AZE

PON

D

BARN

HAM

STRE

ET

NEWCOMEN STREET

MELIOR ST


CRO

SBY

ROW

GUY STREET

BRU

NSW

ICK

CT


Y ST

CLINK STREET

CATHEDRAL

STBEDALE ST

LONDON

BRIDGE ST

STO

NEY

ST

EET

KIP

LIN

GST

REET

PORLOCK ST

WESTO

NSTREET

OST

REET

WHITES

GRO

UN

DS

HAY

'SLA

NE

CHAPEL CT

FAIR

ST

WES

TON

ST

STA

INER

ST

BATT

LEBR

IDGE LA

NE

MORG

ANSL

ANE

London Bridge Walk

The Queen's Walk

Great Yard

Angel Place


Hay'sGalleria

SouthwarkCathedral

The Tate Gallery of Modern Art



The CottonCentre




PostOffice

LondonBridge

All BarOne

City BankingCentre


Cynthia's



o Starskey &Hutch Bar

Beckett House

T

B

C

1

2

3

4

5

6

Align

1800mmmax

0.8w0.1w

50

50

0.1w

600mm max

Proportion ofvisible width

1

3

2

4

Destination one

AttractionAttraction

AttractionAttraction

Attraction

Exit 2

Destination two

Stop

Exit 1

Buses towardsB

C

xxx

xxx

xxxxx3.5x1.5x2x

2x1.5x

0.5x

0.5xx2x dia.2x dia.

2x1.5x1.5x

x = Optimum text size – 10mm x height. Where this cannot beachieved due to panel restrictions of level of information required,sizes may proportionally reduce, ensuring alignment and linespacing is maintained.


1

2

3

4

8.3 Signing to bus stops London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

To ensure visual consistency and a logical informationtrail when signing to and from bus stops, the followingelements should be incorporated within signing atUnderground exits.Where bus stops are considered to provide a viableinterchange service from Underground and rail stations,the bus information should be incorporated within thesigning at exit points from the station as shownopposite.It is essential that for each bus stop shown, the‘towards’ destinations indicating direction of travel,are identical to those shown on the relevant bus-stopdirection panel and distance given. Stop letters mustalways be shown as white capitals within a red disc.To make it absolutely clear which destination may bereached on foot, and which by bus, the destinationswithin walking distance should be positioned at thetop of the sign panel. In many instances, the signinformation will be combined with an illuminated‘Way out’ sign.Where the walking distance is more than 400 yards,this should be clearly indicated in smaller typedirectly below, and added to all other destinationsfor consistency. In the interest of clarity, distancesto bus stops should not be indicated.

Local attraction

Destination one Destination threeDestination two

Stop Stop

500 yardsInterchange station

300 yards

Buses towards Buses towardsB

C

E

0.75x

2xxxx

xxx

2x0.5x

1.5x1.5x

Bus-stop letter

Stop name

Direction of travel destination

Route served


1 of 2

8.3 Signing to bus stops London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

When incorporating directions to bus stops in adirectional sign, the type sizes of the other elementson the sign must not be compromised by the inclusionof bus directions, which may be several lines. Wherethis may occur, a single heading ‘Buses’ (with symbol)should be used in the same type size as other elementson the sign, with the ‘towards’ destinations and stopslisted directly below in a type size equivalent to 50% ofthe primary size. This will ensure the term ‘Buses’ isvisible from a far greater distance, and those whorequire it will approach the sign to read more detailedbus information.

Note: Where all bus services are in one direction, onlythe term ‘Buses’ (with symbol and arrow) should bedisplayed, without reference to individual stops.

Mile End and Bethnal GreenPoplar and Canning TownShoreditch, Dalston and Stoke Newington

Holborn and Oxford CircusCharing Cross and Piccadilly Circus

StopTowardsBuses

For stations with multi-exit ticket halls where LUL type sizes E and D are used forprimary directions

Suggested type size 20mm (‘x' height) Resultant sizes shown in red

D

E

F

G

T

0.75x2x 0.5x

0.5x2x2x

5x100

2x2x

1.5x1.5x x

xx

xx

1.5x1.5x

1.5x2.5x

0.75x

1005x

4040 (D)

303020 (F) 3020 (F) 30

30

20 (F)

20 (F)20 (F)

50

15 (G)

Stop

Stoke NewingtonCharing Cross and Piccadilly Circus

BusesTowards

D

E

Rangedright only: Align


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Specific elements London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

9.0 Safety signs

10.0 Supplementary signs

11.0 Construction

12.0 Fixing guidelines

No smoking

Specific elements Contents Back 136

9.0 Safety signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

London Underground is legally obliged to comply withcurrent European legislation covering the standardisationof safety signs.The following pages provide a visual reference to clarifyour responsibilities and ensure compliance.From 1 April 1996 safety signs have been covered byEC Safety Signs Directive 92/58 EEC, to encourage thestandardisation of safety signs by the use of commoncolours and symbols.This is a legal requirement, and not just London Undergroundpolicy.The actual regulations issued – Health & Safety (Safety Signsand Signals) Regulations 1996, are poorly written and havecaused considerable confusion.The symbols featured are not an adequate range, and aregraphically inconsistent. It does, however, make it clear inthe small print, that symbols shown may be adjusted withinreason, and that additional symbols may be used, providingthey comply with the principles outlined.Layout rules for all safety signs are detailed in section 10.0.

9.1 Safety signs overview9.2 Fire safety signs9.3 Prohibition signs9.4 Warning signs9.5 Safe condition signs9.6 Mandatory signs

No smoking

Specific elements To print this section print pages 136-145 Contents Back 137

9.1 Safety signs overview London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

LUL has a preferred range of standard safety symbols,together with additional symbols specific to theUnderground environment, eg escalator safetysymbols. These symbols are detailed in the followingpages for each sign type.As well as complying with the safety legislation, safetysigning in public areas of Underground stations mustalso comply with LUL corporate standards, as detailedin this document.

Signing in non-public areasThe hazards and regulations associated with non-publicareas (including depots) are vastly different andtherefore, a different approach should be adopted.For economic reasons, it is unreasonable to expectall safety signing to be specially produced to LULcorporate standards. The preferred range ofsymbols does not cover the full range requiredfor PPE and machinery.It is therefore recommended that off-the-shelf safetysigning should be utilised for these areas, for whichthere are several quality suppliers.Where areas may be subject to visitors from outsideparties (eg Training Centres), every effort should bemade to provide corporate safety signing.


9.2 Fire safety signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Sign purposeTo indicate the location of fire fighting equipment.

Intrinsic featuresSymbol: white symbol on square/rectangularred background.Text (optional): white letters on red background.

Typical messagesFire point, Fire main stop valve, Sprinkler control valve.

Approved LUL symbolsThe fire safety symbols featured in the Health & Safetyregulations vary slightly from those indicated, as theyare derivative of the 1984 ISO standards.Within public areas the BS 5499 fire safety symbolsshould always be used, as they are fully compliant andallow the use of text to highlight specific equipment.

Fire extinguisher (approved LUL symbolfor fire equipment cabinet)Fire hose reelGeneral fire symbol for use with specific text

Fire alarm (also used on ‘Help point’ units)

1 2

3 4


1 of 2

1

2

3

4

9.2 Fire safety signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Important noteThis document details only the graphic principlesrelating to fire safety signing. It must not be usedto specify the actual requirements associated withthe different types of fire fighting equipment.Advice on these issues should be sought from theLUL Fire Systems Engineer.

Typical door signSign showing only text is non-compliant and mustbe replacedSuspended illuminated sign with modified glasspanel incorporating symbolsSign showing only text is non-compliant and mustbe replacedRevised format illuminated fire equipment sign, foruse at new installations.

Layout rules for all safety signs are detailed in section10.0.

stop valveinside

Sprinklervalve insideSprinkler stop

pointFire

equipmentFire

1 2

3 4

5


2 of 2

1

2

3

4

5

9.3 Prohibition signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Sign purposeTo indicate that certain actions are prohibitedie MUST NOT DO.

Intrinsic featuresSymbol: red circular band with diagonal bar throughblack symbol.Text (optional): white letters on red background.

Typical messagesNo smoking, No entry and Do not pass this point.

Approved LUL symbolsThe symbols shown are those used in public areas.Within staff areas and depots the full range of BSsymbols should be used as required.

No smokingNo entry, Do not passGeneral prohibition (eg No busking)LUL dot-matrix ‘Do not enter’ symbol, refer tosection 10.14.

1 2

43


1 of 2

1

2

3

4

9.3 Prohibition signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Typical wall-mounted signWhile the symbol is correct, the blue textbackground is non-compliantTypical door signSigns showing only text are non-compliantand must be replaced

Layout rules for all safety signs are detailed insection 10.0.

No smoking No smoking

No smoking No smoking

1 2

3 4


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1

2

3

4

9.4 Warning signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Sign purposeTo indicate the presence of hazards.

Intrinsic featuresSymbol: yellow triangle with black borderand symbol.Text (optional): black letters onyellow background.

Typical messagesDanger – High voltageCaution – Mind your headCaution – Door opens onto passenger concourse

Approved LUL symbolsThe symbols shown are those used in public areas.Within staff areas and depots the full range of BSsymbols should be used as required.Layout rules for all safety signs are detailed insection 10.0.

1 2

3 4

Mind your headCaution ! CAUTION

MIND YOUR HEAD

DANGERHIGH VOLTAGE

DangerHigh voltage


9.5 Safe condition signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Sign purposeTo indicate the location of emergency facilities (non-fire fighting).

Intrinsic featuresSymbol: white symbol on green square.Text (optional): white letters on green background.

Typical messagesFirst aid, Stretcher, Staff assembly point (SAP).

Approved LUL symbolsThe symbol shown is used in public areas. Within staffareas and depots the full range of BS symbols shouldbe used as required (eg eyewash, drinking water).

First aid equipmentEmergency phoneSigns showing only text are non-compliant and mustbe replaced

Layout rules for all safety signs are detailed in section10.0.

First aid

First aid

1 2

3


1

2

3

9.6 Mandatory signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Sign purposeTo indicate that a specific course of action must be taken,ie MUST DO.

Intrinsic featuresSymbol: white symbol on Underground light blue circle.Text (optional): white letters on light blue background.

Typical messagesFire door keep shut, Keep clear, Report to.

Standard symbolsThe symbols shown are those used in public areas. Within staffareas and depots the full range of BS symbols should be usedas required (eg wear protective clothing, turn off lights).

Additional LUL symbolsThe symbols shown are those used on escalator signs toaccompany the mandatory instructions. These are fullycompliant with the safety regulations.

General mandatory symbol accompanying text messageGeneral mandatory symbol to contain text messageHold handrail, keep clear of edgesDogs must be carriedKeep a firm hold of children

Specimensafety

message

1 2

4 5

3


1 of 2

1

2

3

4

5

9.6 Mandatory signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Typical mandatory messageStandard blue-spot door notices are fully compliantwith the statutory regulations. However, in publicareas they should be used instead of standard LULdoor signs only on panel doors, where space isconstrainedWhile this sign is laid out to corporate standards,impact is lost in not complying with safetystandards

Layout rules for all safety signs are detailed insection 10.0.

Fire doorKeep shut

Keep thesegates clearat all times

Keep thesegates clearat all times

1

2

3


2 of 2

1

2

3

10.0 Supplementary signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Supplementary signs can be distinguished from directionalsigning in that they do not convey route information.Supplementary signs regulate the actions of both customersand staff to ensure that stations function as safely and asefficiently as possible.

10.1 Supplementary signs10.2 Sign wording10.3 Panel sizes10.4 Typeface10.5 Type size and emphasis10.6 Line spacing10.7 Borders10.8 Margins10.9 Margins on signs with pictograms10.10 Combining signs10.11 Door signs10.12 Rendezvous points and assembly points10.13 Fixing of sign panels10.14 Emergency – Do not enter10.15 Fire equipment signs10.16 ‘Help point’ signs10.17 CCTV signs10.18 Lift signs10.19 Car park signs



Station interiors are busy environments with manyvisual distractions. Consistent signing is thereforevital to ensure instant recognition.Flexibility is essential. The signing system mustaccommodate a wide variety of messages andmust communicate them quickly and clearly underdifficult conditions.

Luggage

DangerHigh voltage

When this gate isclosed please usethe other entrance


10.2 Sign wording London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

All messages should be clear and concise. Punctuationshould be used only when absolutely necessary, andonly essential information should be included, toensure speed of comprehension and economicaluse of space.Consistency in the vocabulary and structure of themessage is essential in aiding quick recognition andreinforcing the impression of an effective, thoroughsystem.Sign messages can be divided into six basic categories,to match the notice types as detailed in this section.Messages should be written to convey the noticecategory.1. Mandatory messages should convey regulatory

safety directives from London Underground topassengers and staff. They should be positive in nature.

2. Prohibition messages are negative in natureand may use directives such as ‘Do not…’, ‘Noadmittance’ and ‘No smoking’.

3. Safe condition messages should convey conciseinstructional information, positive in nature. Theymay use the term ‘Emergency’. Safe conditionmessages can also be used to mark the positionof safety equipment.

Emergency buttonPress to stop train

Emergency buttonA further safety feature hasbeen incorporated on theVictoria lineAbove this notice is a smallyellow panel containinga buttonIn case of emergency pressit and the train will instantlystop


1 of 2

10.2 Sign wording London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

4. Warning messages are negative in nature but shouldnot use negative directives such as ‘Do not…’. Theymay refer to ‘Danger’.

5. Fire safety messages should indicate the presenceof fire equipment.

6. Passenger information messages should offer onlypassenger convenience and non-safety regulatoryinformation, or be used to label relevant stationareas, but not safety equipment.

Two type sizes may be used when there are two distinctlevels of information. This is especially the case withsafety signs, where information such as Danger or Firstaid needs to be particularly visible. Secondaryinformation should be in a smaller size so as notto distract from it. If there appears to be the need fora third type size, this is usually an indication thatunnecessary details are being included, unless themessage is particularly long as in, for example, somecar park signs. See section 10.19.New Johnston Bold should be used sparingly foremphasis within text, and should not be used forthe main message or to create a heading.Foreign language translations should not be usedon notices.

DangerHigh voltageWarning

Dogs must be carriedMandatory

Fire extinguisherFire safety

First aidSafe condition

LitterPassenger information

No smokingProhibition

2 of 2


2 of 2

10.3 Panel sizes London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

The panels of the supplementary signs system arebased on a 25 x 25mm grid. Exceptions are door signs(see section 10.11) and those cases when featuressuch as frames dictate the size of the panel. The choiceof format, either vertical or horizontal, and the choiceof panel size depend on the following.• Lettering size for optimum legibility• Length of message(s) to be contained• Architectural considerations, for example space

available, surface decoration and so on• Juxtaposition with other signsSome scaled-down examples of preferred panel sizessuperimposed over the grid are shown on this page.When combining signs, the individual signs do not needto conform to the 25 x 25mm grid as long as the entirepanel does so.

175x75


225x75 325x75

175x100 225x100 325x125

175x125 225x150

175x225 225x275

175x250 460x130

325x175

185x185


10.4 Typeface London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

The typeface used for all supplementary signing is NewJohnston Medium. New Johnston Bold may be usedsparingly for emphasis within the text but must not beused for the main message or to create a heading.Upper and lower case must always be used. Capitalsmust never be used alone and initial capitals may beused only at the beginning of a sentence or for propernouns.

ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz1234567890£/.,‘'():;New Johnston Medium

ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz1234567890£/.,‘'():;New Johnston Bold


10.5 Type size and emphasis London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

The type size used for any supplementary sign willdepend on the viewing distance. See section 1.3.2.The minimum type size should be a cap height of8mm. Larger sizes may be used, increasing inincrements of 2mm. Door signs are an exception to this rule. See section 10.11.Secondary information should be set to a cap heightof 0.7 of the main message. No more than two sizes oftype should normally be used in the same notice. If itis absolutely necessary to use a third size of type, itshould be set to a cap height of 0.5 of the main message.


InterventionshaftIn emergencytelephone020 7240 1088

Stationcar parkCars and motorcycleswith sidecars50p per dayPay to exit – machineaccepts 10p coins onlyOvernight charge £1.00

Solo motorcyclesmopeds and scootersNo chargeMust not be ridden overrising kerbs at entrance


10.6 Line spacing London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

To achieve the correct line spacing, the ‘x’ height of thelower-case letter must be used as the normal spacebetween two lines of type of equal size. When usingmore than one size of type, the ‘x’ height of the largertype size should be used to separate the larger sizefrom the smaller.


InterventionshaftIn emergencytelephone020 7240 1088

xxxxx

xxxxx

xxx

1.5x

x = x height of largest lettering

x = x height of secondary lettering

x = x height of smallest lettering


1 of 2

10.6 Line spacing London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

An extra line space equal to the appropriate x valueshould be used to separate paragraphs of text.When there is more than one paragraph in a singlemessage, a heading should be followed by a spaceof 1.5 times its ‘x’ height to balance the line spacingthroughout the message.

Stationcar parkCars and motorcycleswith sidecars50p per dayPay to exit – machineaccepts 10p coins onlyOvernight charge £1.00

Solo motorcyclesmopeds and scootersNo chargeMust not be ridden overrising kerbs at entrance

xxx

x2xxxx2xx

x

xxx

2x

xxx

1.5x

1.5x

1.5x

xxx

1.5x

x = x height of largest lettering

x = x height of secondary lettering

x = x height of smallest lettering


2 of 2

10.7 Borders London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Every supplementary sign panel which does notincorporate a structural frame, should have asurrounding border.Borders on panels measuring less than 625cm2 shouldmeasure 2mm in width with radius corners of 2mm.Panels measuring between 625cm2 and 1600cm2 haveborders measuring 4mm with 4mm radius corners.Panels measuring more than 1600cm2 have bordersof 5mm with 5mm radius corners. When a supplementary sign incorporates a structuralframe no border is used. See section 11.0.

Panels less than 625cm2

Panels between 625cm2 and 1600cm2

Panels more than 1600cm2

Panels with structural frame

2mm

R 2mm

4mm

R 4mm

5mm

R 5mm

1

2

3

4


1

2

3

4

TicketsIf you cannot obtain yourticket from this machinego to the t icket window

2x

B

Min 3x

B

1.5xB

BMin 2x

x = x h eight of largest letteringB = calculated border depth

10.8 Margins London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Text is always ranged left.The left-hand margin is equalto 2 times the x height of the largest type.The top margin is equal to 1.5x and the right-hand

minimum of 2x measured to the baseline of thelast line of type. Both of these margins may belarger than the required minimum in order to achievegreater uniformity of size of notice.

For door signs and car park notices see sections 10.11and 10.19 respectively.


2x

B

Min 3x

B

1.5xB

B

Min 2x

Used tickets

1.5x

B B

1.5xB

B

Min1.5x

Min1.5x


margin a minimum of 3x. The bottom margin is a

10.9 Margins on signs with pictograms London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

It is important to remember that for people who do notread English, a pictogram may be the only part of a signthat they can understand. It is therefore essential,especially with safety signs, that the pictogram istreated as equally important as the text, and not simplyas a means of emphasising it.Pictograms come in a variety of shapes, so for thepurpose of establishing a standard, margins aremeasured from an imaginary square field indicatedby the dotted lines in the diagrams of this page. Manypictograms will fill the field so that they are touching allfour sides. Those that are narrower should be centredvertically. Those that are shorter than the height of thefield should be aligned with the top edge.Although the size of the square field will vary withthe panel size and the length of the message, theproportion of the field in relation to the marginsaround it will remain constant.The size of pictogram used is dependent upon the typesize and length of the accompanying sign message.When deciding sign size, the viewing distance chart insection 1.3.2 should be consulted to determine size oftype. The pictogram should then be visually matched insize, taking into account the type size and length of theaccompanying message.

DangerHigh voltage

DangerHigh voltage

DangerHigh voltage


1 of 3


DangerHigh voltage

10A

Min 1.5x+B

1.5x+B

Min 1.5x+B

1.5A+B

1.5A+B

1.5A

10A

1.5A+B

Min 1.5A+B

No smoking

10A

Min 1.5+B

1.5x+B

Min 1.5x+B

10A

1.5A+B

Min 1.5A+B

1.5A+B

1.5A+B

1.5A

Horizontal formatPictograms are placed on the left of the notice. Theyare positioned in this area incorporating the illustratedmargins. The text is positioned within a colour blockto the right of the pictogram as shown.On notices with only one line of type, the pictogramshould be visually centred on the depth of the type.Margins within the notice are based on a combinationof measurements taken from the type size, expressedin terms of the ‘x’ height and the largest dimension ofthe pictogram, expressed in terms of A.Where margins are expressed in terms of both x and A,the largest calculated measurement should be taken.Door signs follow slightly different rules concerninglayout, see section 10.11.


2 of 3


Vertical formatOn vertical panels the pictogram is always placedabove the message. The text is positioned within acolour block incorporating the illustrated margins.There should be a margin of A between the bottomof the pictogram and the top of the colour block.When there is more than one line of text, it shouldbe set ranged left and then the text block should be centred.

DangerHigh voltage

A+B

10A

A+B

MinA+B

MinA+B

A+B

A+B1.5x

Min 1.5x+BNo smoking

Min A+B Min A+B

10A

A+B

A+B1.5x+B

Min 1.5x+B

A+B

10A

A+B


3 of 3


Rules for combined signs are generally the same as thosefor individual signs, but some adjustments must bemade to ensure that the signs are as consistent and asclear as possible.Different signs may be combined on one panel to createhorizontal and vertical formats. Notices with pictogramsarranged vertically may be placed side by side to createa combined sign. Individual horizontal notices may bearranged one above the other to create a combined sign.Where a combined sign incorporates pictograms, theymust always appear to be the same size. Colour textblocks accompanying pictograms should be aligned oncombined signs as indicated.

No smoking

DangerHigh voltage

No smoking

DangerHigh voltage

No smokingDangerHigh voltage

No smoking DangerHigh voltage


1 of 3


Horizontal formatIn order to combine individual signs with pictograms to create a horizontal format, the margin around thesquare field must be adjusted. The top margin remainsone times the width of the pictogram (10A), but the sidemargins are enlarged to 2A so that the pictogram isproportionally smaller.Individual elements in a combined sign must be thesame size. No more than two type sizes may be used.Text should be centred below the pictograms withincolour blocks in the same way as it is on individual signs,using the same minimum margins. Messages withpictograms should share the same beginning baseline,and this baseline should be defined by the largest typesize used.When including a notice without a pictogram, the topof the first line of text should be aligned with the top ofthe pictogram. The left margin is A and the right andbottom margins are a minimum of A.

No smoking DangerHigh voltage

Min 2A+B Min 2A

10A

A+B

A+B1.5x

Min 1.5x+B Min 1.5x+B

2A+B 10A 2A

B

2A 10A 2A+B

Min2A

B

MinA+B


2 of 3


Vertical formatWhen combining signs with pictograms, the same rulesused in creating individual notices apply. Pictogramsmust be the same size and equally spaced within the signpanel, individual sign messages should be on the samesize colour block whenever possible.When including notices without pictograms, the textshould be aligned with the left side of the square field.The top, bottom and right-hand margins are the sameas those signs with pictograms.On combined sign panels which do not includepictograms, the rules for top and bottom marginson individual notices still apply. The left and right-handmargins should be defined by the largest type sizeand should be shared by all the signs in the combinednotice.

Hold the handrail

Please standon the right

Keep clearof the edges

No smoking

Dogs mustbe carried

Hold childrenfirmly

x = x height of largest type sizex = x height of secondary type size10A = largest pictogram dimensionB = calculated border depth

Min1.5x+B

10A

Min 1.5A+B

10A

Min 1.5x+B

1.5A+B

1.5A+B

1.5A

Min 1.5x

Min 1.5xB

10A

Min 1.5A+B

Min 1.5A+B

1.5x

Min 1.5xB

10A

Min 1.5A+B1.5x

Min 1.5xB

10A

1.5A+BMin 1.5x

1.5x+B

1.5xB

1.5xB


3 of 3

10.11 Door signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

For absolute consistency, door signs follow a slightlydifferent set of rules than other supplementary signs.Door signs may indicate the following information:• Function of room or doorway displayed as coded

information in public areas• Occupant’s title• People authorised to enter• Number and level• Specific mandatory and safety informationDoor signs conform to a standard length 225mm signpanel, with a depth of 50mm increasing in incrementsof 15mm to a maximum depth of 125mm.

Type sizes Secondary sizes

CH x CH xE 41 30 28 20F 28 20 21 15G 21 15 16 12

16 12 12 912 9 10 710 7 8 5.5

Message2

2

2 2

16 Min 1.5x

16

xMin 1.5x

messageTwo line

7.5

7.5

50

2Min x(equal)

Min x(equal)

225 x 65mm sign with messagecentred on depth of pictogram

2

x

x

x

7.5

50

7.5

10

2

Min 1.5x


1 of 5


The standard set of type sizes listed in the table on theprevious page may be used for door sign messages.Where large sizes are required, standard direction signtype sizes may be used, as detailed in section 1.3.2.Type sizes below 10mm cap height should be avoided.All non-safety-related signing should use a standard16mm cap height message. Accompanying secondarymessages should be in 12mm cap height type. The signmessage has fixed top and left side margins asillustrated, this ensures alignment when signs arecombined.All door signs have a 2mm Underground white border.Safety-related signs may use larger type sizes andincorporate a standard 50mm pictogram. Only approvedUnderground pictograms may be used on safety signs,see section 9.0.Pictograms should be positioned on signs as illustrated,with fixed top, left and right margins. The message onstandard 225 x 65mm sign panels should be centredon the depth of the pictogram field. Messages on signpanels greater than 65mm depth should be alignedwith the top of the pictogram, as illustrated.

Secondarymessage

Message7.5

Min 7.5

50

25.5

Sign larger than 225 x 65mmwith message aligned with topof pictogram

2

xxx

Min x

CH

7.5

50

7.5

10

2

Min 1.5x

x = x height of largest type size

x = x height of secondary type size

CH = cap height

x

x

CH


2 of 5


All door signs within public areas should display thestandard door code in Underground white type,horizontally centred within a 61mm Underground darkblue box. These signs should carry the message ‘Private’in 16mm cap height type, as shown.Door signs within non-public areas should show theroom function with box and code omitted.Door signs are Underground dark blue, with the typeand border in Underground white. Mandatory andsafety-related door signs follow the same rules forcolour as other supplementary signs. Reference forthese colours can be found in section 1.2.Station area ID codes

Door and level numbers are on a separate sign panelof the size and layout illustrated. These signs should bepositioned 50mm from the top left-hand corner of alldoors, as shown.

Standard door sign within public areas

PrivateCER2

2 2

10

2

61

12

16

Standard door and level number sign

2672

2 2

40 14.514.5

24

3 23

42

15

15

2

1


3 of 5

1

2


When door signs are combined they should be stackedin vertical alignment, and horizontally centred withinthe door width.Fire safety signs should be positioned at a fixed heightof 1.6m. All other signs should be positioned 1.3mabove floor level, as illustrated. When signs arecombined, a gap of 10mm should be left betweensigns, as shown.Door signs should be positioned in the followingorder, top to bottom:• Fire safety• Prohibition warning• Safe condition• Mandatory information

keep shutFire door

PrivateUTS

3672

stop valveinside

Sprinkler

50

50

1600

1300


4 of 5


On panel doors, ensure signs are not fitted withinactual panels unless absolutely necessaryWhere vision panels are fitted, a clear space of50mm should be left around the glazing frameWhere vision panels dictate the signs should be toone side, try to align elements vertically centredwithin remaining spaceFor double doors, signs should be fitted to right-hand door only, unless specified.

1 2 3 4


5 of 5

1

2

3

4

10.12 Rendezvous points and assembly points London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Rendezvous points are designated areas, within whichthe emergency services will assemble in an emergencysituation. A sign should be displayed carrying themessage ‘RVP’. Staff assembly points are designated areas within whichUnderground staff will assemble in an emergencysituation, and a sign should be displayed carrying themessage ‘SAP’. Neither sign forms part of the passengerinformation system and should not be combined withother signs, utilise directional arrows or be illuminated.Their positioning should be restricted to the immediatevicinity of the designated area. Rendezvous and assemblypoint signs follow the same layout rules as supplementarysigns. They are of a fixed size as illustrated.

SAP

2 2

64 232

247

60

64

2

RVP

2 2

64 232

247

60

64

2


10.13 Fixing of sign panels London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Signs should be fixed using screws only when absolutelynecessary.Holes may be drilled in sign panels when it is necessaryto fix them to station walls and doors using screws. A4mm hole may be drilled in sign panels less than 625cm2

and a 5mm hole may be drilled in sign panels greaterthan 625cm2. The holes should be positionedincorporating the illustrated margins. A hole shouldbe drilled in each of the four corners.The margins around pictograms and text may beincreased to prevent holes obscuring imageryor lettering.Round-head screws should be used to fix signs. Wherepractical, screw heads should be painted to match thesign colouring.

Signs greater than 625cm2

Signs less than 625cm2.

FootpaNot suitab

5

10

10

Litter4

8

8


1 2


1

2

10.14 Emergency – Do not enter London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

The function of the ‘Emergency – Do not enter’ sign(EDNE), is to deter customers from entering a stationduring or after an emergency evacuation. The signsdisplay both text and symbol using fibre-optic studs soas to be clearly visible even under smoke conditions,coupled with flashing yellow halogen and an integralsiren. These signs must be operated only during anemergency, unless formal agreement exists with theLFEPA and the LUL Fire Systems Engineer.Within the Fennel Report following the King’s Crossfire, it was recommended that such signs be fittedat all entrances to sub-surface stations where staffcould not immediately attend in the event of anemergency. The use of fibre-optic legend, flashing lightand sounders was tested and approved by LondonUnderground and the LFEPA. The sign format wasreviewed in the light of the 1996 Safety Signs & SignalsLegislation, which called for the use of internationalpictogram symbols to be displayed on all safety signs.A variation on the standard ‘hand’ symbol was developedwith the LFEPA for specific use on fibre-optic EDNEsigns on both Underground and some rail stations.No other symbol may be used.


1 of 3


The following illustrations show three common formatsadopted, which are sized to suit the fluorescent lamplengths. Other sizes may be considered, providing thegraphic panel layouts are consistent, and the flashinghalogen lamps are immediately adjacent to thetext/symbol panel. Sign casing should be black, soas to be discreet under normal conditions.Symbol and letteringThe symbol is made up as a grid of 4mm-diameterpolyester fibre-optic studs at 4mm centres. Red studsare used for the ring and bar, with white studs beingused for the background. No studs are used for thehand symbol so as to appear black unlit. Layouts forthis symbol are available from the TfL Signs Unit.The text is made up of 3mm-diameter red fibre-opticstuds at 4mm centres, which are centred on theletter outlines.LampsFour halogen lamps must be fitted behind apertures inthe front face with yellow glass filters. These shouldflash in pairs alternately on each corner of the frontpanel.

Panel size 850 x 210mm for use with 900mm lampsPanel size 1190 x 210mm for use with 1200mm lampsPanel size 1490 x 210mm for use with 1500mm lamps

EmergencyDo not enter

300

1250

Emergency Do not enter

1500

300

Emergency Do not enter

1800

300

1

2

3


2 of 3

1

2

3


SoundersThere shall be two levels of electronic sounder, theloudness being 110dB for 90 seconds, then automaticallyreverting to 90dB. The frequency must be checked andadjusted so it is not confused with the Fire Brigadepersonnel operating bleepers.Control mechanismThe signs must be connected to a protected UPS supply,and be automatically operated from either:• Stage 2 fire alarm signal• Designated switching point – usually within

operations roomFor full details refer to the LUL Fire Systems Engineer’sStandards.


3 of 3

10.15 Fire equipment signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Fire equipment signs indicate the position of firecabinets to staff and fire services within stations. Wherecabinets contain fire hydrants or hosereels, they mustdisplay an overhead illuminated sign displaying thestandard LUL ‘extinguisher’ symbol as agreed betweenLUL and the LFEPA. No other fire symbol should be usedto represent fire equipment cabinets in Undergroundareas, unless formally agreed with LUL and the LFEPA.Where a fire cabinet contains extinguishers but nohosereel and hydrant, a standard, unlit, wall-mountedextinguisher sign must be fitted directly above. If,however, this is the only fire point serving an entireplatform (no hydrant or hosereel present), this mustalso have an illuminated sign above. Illuminated fireequipment signs should not be used in conjunctionwith unlit, wall-mounted signs.There are three standard types of illuminated sign, thetype used depending on the fire equipment locationand viewing angle. For platforms, the square format signshould be used, positioned directly in line with the fireequipment cabinet, orientated to face along the platform.Where the equipment cabinet is set back from theplatform, or in a cross-passage close to the platform, thedirectional version with arrow should be fitted. In tickethalls and open areas where the sign may be viewedat a distance from several angles, the wall-mountedtriangular version should be used.


1 of 2

10.15 Fire equipment signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Standard square, illuminated, fire equipment sign.Sign may be single or double-sided, top or side-fixedStandard directional, illuminated, fire equipmentsign. Sign may be single or double-sided, top orside-fixed. When hung from a ceiling, signs shouldhave a single suspension strutStandard triangular, illuminated, fire equipmentsign, for wall mounting only. This type of signshould not be used in platform areasStandard extinguisher point sign. Unlit flat sign to befixed to walls over groups of fire extinguishers or firecabinets where no hydrant or hosereel is present

300

200

20050 50

50

50

550

200

20050 20050 50

50

50

150

340

pointFire

200

200

1

3 4

2


2 of 2

1

2

3

4

10.16 Help point signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Passenger ‘Help points’ are fitted at strategic pointswithin all stations, and contain call buttons for Fire,Emergency and Information functions. The unit displaysthe standard symbols for each function, together witha function/operation description.‘Help point’ signs indicate the position of passengerhelp points where they may be difficult for customersto see due to the distance along a platform, or due toother factors obstructing the clear view of the unit.They are not a mandatory item, and where a ‘Help point’is fixed directly facing customers in close proximity,say in a concourse at the bottom of escalators, signingis not necessary.

150

170

150

1010

490

10

150

10

150

10

10

150

170 150

10

10

490

10

150

10

150

10 10


1 of 3


Where signing is deemed appropriate, the signs shouldbe fitted directly in line with and above the ‘Help point’unit, as close to the platform wall as possible.There are two formats, combining the symbolshorizontally or vertically, to best suit viewing and fixingconditions. Where possible, the horizontal versionshould be used.If the ‘Help point’ unit is within a cross-passage, or setwell back from the platform wall behind columns, adirectional version with arrow and text should be usedin place of the sign above (both signs should not beused together).

150

250

150

10

30

30

490

5 radius corners on symbols

10

150

10

150

10 10

Help point

Text is centred within panel width

Help point

Help point


2 of 3


All ‘Help points’ and fire call points, regardless of howvisible, require an additional standard emergencyprocedure notice (as illustrated), which must be fittedto the wall directly above or adjacent to the unit.

If you see fire or smoke

Do not take any risks

1. Operate the fire alarm. No sound

2. Tell any staff member the location

3. Follow instructions from staffor emergency services.

of fire or smoke.

will be heard but the Fire Brigadewill be called.

8 cap

8 cap

250

250

65

25

25

42

30

38

8 cap

12 cap

12 cap


3 of 3

10.17 CCTV signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Where CCTV is in operation at stations, standardCCTV signs should be fitted at strategic points withinthe station. They have two primary functions: firstly theyreassure customers that they are in a safe and secureenvironment, and secondly they deter would-beoffenders from committing criminal acts such as theftor assault.

There is also a requirement under the Data ProtectionAct to display clear notices at the entrances to zonesunder camera surveillance, detailing who is operatingthe monitoring system, and a contact number for thosebeing recorded to gain access to the recordings, which istheir statutory right. Signsmust be concise and displayonly the elements detailed. As the signsuse a camerapictogram, there is no requirement to state that imagesare being monitored or recorded.

There are two versions which may be used, dependingon how the scheme is being operated The standardversion displays the TfL camera pictogram with textand contact number as legally required, the roundeland information symbols being used purely for clarity.

UNDERGROUND

in operationThis scheme is controlledby London Underground

For further informationcontact 020 0000 0000

CCTV cameras

300

160

UNDERGROUND



Working in partnership

CCTV cameras

300

160

1

2


1 of 2

1

10.17 CCTV signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Where schemes are being run on a partnership basis,a second symbol may be used alongside the roundel(dropping the information symbol), supported by thetext Working in partnership in LUL typeface. Onlyone additional symbol should be used, and it mustbe noted that only one controlling party and contactphone number may be displayed

Posit ioning CCTV signs

The CCTV signs should be fitted at either side of eachstation entrance, preferably orientated to facecustomers, or on the entrance sides if there isinsufficient space. As well as at station entrances, thesigns should be fitted at strategic key points within thestation. They should also be fitted on all platforms, oneither side of each main exit point from the platform.Within large ticket halls, the signs should also be fittedso as to be clearly visible when passing through the exitgates. They are not required at each camera point, andwhere additional signs are seen as a requirement, egdue to high crime levels, care should be taken not to usetoo many signs, as this may lead to the area appearinghostile and increase customer anxiety.

UNDERGROUND



Working in partnership

CCTV cameras

300

160

2


2 of 2

2

10.18 Lift signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Where stations have several lifts providing level accessto more than one line or mode, it is extremely confusingto customers as to which lift to use, whether the liftwill take them to their required destination point, orthere will be additional lifts to use en route. In suchcases a combination of lift coding on primary signs,and schematic diagrams at, and within the lifts,should be used.

At the lift call point, the sign should be positioneddirectly above or adjacent to the lift button andshow a ‘You are here’ indication as shown.

Westminster Station Lifts

ALift

CBLift Lift

DLift

DLift

Street level

You are here

Ticket hall level

Eastbound platform 2District and Circle lines


Eastbound platform 3Jubilee line

Westbound platform 4Jubilee line

1


1 of 3

1


At station with complex lift arrangements.Lifts should be coded in a logical order top to bottomby letter, as the use of numbers would cause confusionin relation to platform numbers. Primary overheaddirectional signing displaying the lift symbols and text,should also display the lift code in a reversal white onblue rectangle as shown.At each lift call point, and within each lift, asupplementary sign should be displayed showing a clearschematic diagram of the station, showing all areasserved by lift with the associated lift codes. While thelayout of the sign will vary depending on the stationlayout (any long subways between lifts will need to beclearly shown as such), the signs should always followa consistent format, with areas labelled in a clear andconcise manner. The sign size may also vary, dependingon available room and complexity of layout, but shouldbe between 200 and 300mm wide.

Within each lift itself, a similar sign should bepositioned directly above or adjacent to the liftbuttons, displaying the lift code as shown.

Westminster Station Lifts

ALift

CBLift Lift

DLift

DLift

Lift

You are in

Street level

Ticket hall level

Eastbound platform 2District and Circle lines


Eastbound platform 3Jubilee line

Westbound platform 4Jubilee line

B

2


2 of 3

2


Primary overhead directional signing displaying the liftsymbols and text should also display the lift code in areversal white on blue rectangle as shown.

to trainsLift

Lift

D

District and Circle linesEastbound platform 1Jubilee line

LiftLift

C Align height withtop of symbolLift

D

Symbol proportions

100x

80x

13x

50x

13x15x9x


3 of 3

10.19 Car park signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

It is current practice for Underground car parks to bemanaged by outside companies. Car park signs aretherefore required to carry company logotypes inaddition to the Underground roundel. When combined,the additional logotype should be optically equal to theroundel, as illustrated.

UNDERGROUND


1 of 4


Only one additional logotype may be combined withthe roundel in each car park. A logotype may becombined vertically or horizontally. The roundelshould be positioned closest to the sign message,as illustrated. The cap height of the first line of anaccompanying message should centre on the depthof the roundel.For vertical arrangements, the logotype should centreon the width of the roundel bar. For horizontalarrangements, the logotype should centre on thedepth of the roundel.

Single-line legendUNDERGROUND

Min 3A3A 2A 3A B 3A

10A 10A

BB

1.5xx

B

BMin 1.5x

B

B

Min 3A

Min 3A

More than single-line legend

UNDERGROUND

Min 3A3A 3A B 3A

10A

BB

Min 1.5xxxx

B

B

Min 1.5x

B

B

Min 3A

Min 3A

2A


2 of 4


When used on demarcation or directional signs, theoptimum size of the message should be 0.55 timesthe width of the roundel bar, where possible.Car park signs follow the same rules as othersupplementary and directional signs in terms ofcolour and layout.It is usual to display ‘Terms and conditions’ posters incar parks. These should be designed in accordance withrules for the design of posters, which allow for theuse of a smaller roundel. The separate ‘LondonUnderground publicity standards’ booklet shouldbe referred to when designing posters.

MessageUNDERGROUND

10A

Optimum5.5A

MessageUNDERGROUND

10A

2ALorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipscing elit, sed diam nonnumy eiusmod tempor incidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquam erat volupat. Ut enim ad minimim veniami quis nostrud exercitis nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.

Duis autem vel eum irure dolor in reprehenderit in illum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur it laboris nisi ctetur adipscing elit, sed diam.At vero eos et accusam et justo odio dignissim qui blandit praesent lupatum delenit aigue duos dolor et molestais exceptur sint occaecat cupidat non provident, simil tempor sunt in culpa qui. officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum et dolor fugai.

Et harumd dereud facilis est er expedit distinct. Temporem autem quinsud et aur office debit aut tum rerum necessit atib saepe eveniet ut er repudiand sint et molestia non este recusand. Itaque earud rerum hs au aut julla inura autend unanc sunt isti. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, religuard on cupiditat, quas nulla praid im umdnat. Improb pary.

3 of 4



An example station car park is shown to illustratetypical car park signs and their positioning.Sign example should be noted. This is a directionalsign used outside the car park. It follows the rulesrelating to directional signs, and therefore has a smallerroundel matched to the cap height of the accompanyingmessage.Requests for further information concerning car parksigns should be directed to The Signs Unit.

Pay on entryTariff £1 ExitStopCar park UNDERGROUND

Station namecar park

UNDERGROUND

1

1

2

2

3

3

4

4

4

5

5

6

6

4 of 4


1

11.0 Construction London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Sign construction and finishesThe illustrations on the following pages show the main visualfeatures of the primary types of sign used within LondonUnderground station areas. There are separate constructionsfor external signs and signs fitted to curved surfaces, whichare detailed in other sections of this document.

Primary signsFollowing these guidelines for primary signs will ensure thatsigns appear consistent in terms of visual form and buildquality. All sign panels should be in vitreous enamel, whichhas been successfully used on the Underground for severaldecades, as it has prove the most suitable material for fire,impact and dirt resistance. Illuminated panels withininternally illuminated sign faces are toughened glass. Signpanel fixing points and panel access points are concealed,and all corners and edges are radiused for aesthetic andsafety reasons.

11.1 Primary sign constructions11.2 Combining sign constructions11.3 Generic platform roundel details11.4 Generic external roundel details11.5 Temporary signs


11.1 Primary sign constructions London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

London Underground has developed standard aluminiumextrusions and castings for constructing signs which aredetailed in the LUL Signs Construction Standards. Signsmay be single or double-sided, and may be wall, ceilingor floor-mounted. Where a sign is suspended or free-standing but a message is required on one side only, adouble-sided sign construction must be used with a plainwhite reverse panel.

Concealed panel fixingsEdge trim coated dark grey finish (30% satin)Vitreous enamel signface with radiused cornersBack-lit glass panel

Note: These pages are for visual reference only, and noattempt should be made to construct signs from theseillustrations.

6013 rad

2mm shadow gaps

10

60

36 27

10

Way out

6013 rad

60

27 10

10

10

TicketsTickets

1

3

2

2

4

3

Wall-mounted single-faced non-illuminated

Wall-mounted single-faced illuminated


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11.1 Primary sign constructions London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Edge trim coated dark grey finish (30% satin)Vitreous enamel signface with radiused cornersBack-lit glass panel

Double-faced signs may be suspended, cantileveredor free-standing.

Way out1060

27

10 10

72 27

Victoria line

6013 rad

1060

27

10 10

72 27 6013 rad

1

2

3

1

2

Double-faced illuminated

Double-faced non-illuminated


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11.2 Combining sign constructions London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Directional signs will often comprise several elements,which require different materials and finishes within thesame unit. In the example shown, a signface containsboth illuminated and unlit sections. As the signmessage is permanent, the unlit graphic is fired as partof the vitreous enamel process and an aperture left forthe inlaid illuminated glass panel. Where a sign is toolong to be constructed as one unit, the vitreous enamelface panels of unlit sections must appear flush withthe illuminated signface panel, by using an illuminatedsign shell without the internal illumination.

Fixed permanent sign messageEdge trim coated dark grey finish (30% satin)Vitreous enamel signface with radiused cornersBlack-lit glass panel

Way out

Victoria line1

2

3


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11.2 Combining sign constructions London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Where a sign is in a permanent position, but containsinformation which may change periodically, eg bus stopsor local attractions, this information must not be fired aspart of the enamelling process, but applied to the whiteenamel after firing. This will ensure that when changesoccur, the sign can be amended in a professional manner,without using overlays. This is carried out using externalgrade cut vinyl in the correct colours, and when appliedcorrectly is indistinguishable from the fired graphic.Where possible, such signs must be fitted at a heightgreater than 2.3m from floor level, to avoid tampering.Any vinyl graphics applied with a white background arenot acceptable as an amendment to permanentsigning, and must be replaced.Note: Vinyl is perfectly compliant under Section 12Fire-Safety Regulations for permanent signing,provided the quantity used is in line with LULBuilding Control Group Standards.

Message subject to periodic changeEdge trim coated dark grey finish (30% satin)Cut pre-spaced exterior grade vinyl appliedto vitreous faceBlack-lit glass panelPlain white vitreous enamel signface

Way outBuses towards

Stop

B

C

Destination One

Destination Two

Buses towardsStop

Destination One

Destination Two

B

C

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11.3 Generic platform roundel details London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Platform panel roundel (double-sided version)Edge trim coated dark grey finish (30% satin)Vitreous enamel signface with radiused cornersSupport coated dark grey finish (30% satin)

Platform silhouette roundelRebated metal frame retaining vitreous panels.Bronze/aluminium finishFlat vitreous enamel station name panelOpen centresFlat vitreous enamel red ring sections

MONUMENT

NORTH ACTON

1

2

3

1

2

3

4


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11.4 Generic external roundel details London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

While there are several different types of external roundel sign,including silhouette roundels and interchange totem signs, thesame basic principles in terms of materials and finishes apply asdetailed on this page. Due to the shape of the signs and panelapertures, vitreous enamel is unsuitable for use due to distortionproblems. Signs are of an aluminium construction with allilluminated sections in acrylic. Glass should not be used for suchsigns due to safety, vandalism and colour matching issues.

External panel roundel (cantilevered version)Edge trim coated dark grey finish (30% satin)White powder coated aluminium sign face, with roundel cut outInlaid back-lit acrylic symbol 028 acrylic with translucent vinylapplied to front face: Underground red 3M – 230/33.Underground dark blue 3M – 230/87White aluminium centres

External silhouette roundelEdge trim finish dependent on architectural considerations(bronze or silver)Inlaid back-lit acrylic bar 028 acrylic with translucent vinylapplied to front face: Underground dark blue – 3M 230/87Open centresInlaid back-lit acrylic ring panels 028 acrylic with translucentvinyl applied to front face: Underground red – 3M 230/33

UNDERGROUND

UNDERGROUND

1

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3

4


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11.5 Temporary signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Temporary signs should obey the same rulesconcerning layout, colouring and style aspermanent signs.For further details refer to LUL StationPresentation handbook.


12.0 Fixing guidelines London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Sign positioning considerationsPositioning signs is essential to any information system. Theprevious sections of this document cover the sequence,size and orientation of signs, but care must also be takento ensure that signs are co-ordinated with the stationarchitecture and environment, without blending into theirsurroundings and losing their primary function.

12.1 Directional signs12.2 Supplementary signs12.3 Incorporating signs within finishes


12.1 Directional signs London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Directional signingPrimary directional signs in a given station shouldideally be of a constant depth and fixed at aconsistent height. Where signs are added to anexisting installation, care must be taken to notethe height, panel and type sizes of existing signs,to enable the additional signing to be added in aconsistent manner. Where stations have large open areas, signsshould be enlarged in keeping with the scale oftheir surroundings, without appearing garish,using over-large lettering for the viewingdistance. Similarly, where the sign viewingdistance to a large wall area is short, due to achange in subway direction, the sign shouldbe fitted so as to appear legible but notoverpowering. Signs should be fitted symmetrically to subwaysand over escalators, unless specific passengerflows are to be highlighted, and where they aremarking the positions of cross- passages, theyshould be aligned on the centre point of thecross-passage. Where columns are present, directional signsshould not be fitted so as to block or obscure thecolumn, which would look particularly unsightly

from the reverse face, but should be placedequidistantly between columns, aligned withthe column centres.If wall-mounted signs are fitted over a run ofinformation posters, ticket machines or as afrieze panel, the sign must be of a matchinglength to the elements being headed, usingextended infill panels if required.

Fixing heightsIn areas where signs are suspended from ceilings,they should be fitted at an optimum viewingheight of 2.7m to the underside. If ceilings are at a very high level, extendedfixings or alternative mountings should besought to avoid signs being lost in theceiling void.

Where signs are fitted tight to suspendedceilings, they should not span lighting runs,where reflected light may render the signingillegible, and cause lighting maintenanceproblems.

For wall-mounted signing, an optimum datumlevel of 2m from floor level to the top edge ofthe sign should be used, which should also beadhered to for supplementary signs and poster

frames. This will ensure that the sign message,or the sign header, is clearly visible even in acrowded area.

LightingGreat care should be taken when positioninglighting in relation to signing within all stationareas. This is particularly important whereenergy-saving downlighters are adopted as theprimary lighting source, as this can leave areasof the ceiling in relative darkness. All externallyilluminated signs shall be illuminated so as tohave a luminance of 100 lux with a maximumvariation in luminance of 10% across the face ofthe sign. Where this cannot be achieved by thenormal station lighting installation, dedicatedadditional lighting must be provided. Wherepossible, signs should not be fitted close tolighting fittings so as to cast shadows on wallareas. All electrical feeds to illuminated signs must beas discreet as possible, and any conduit shouldbe buried beneath the wall finish entering thesign through the back. For full details of electrical requirements forsigns refer to LUL’s Engineering Standards.



Positioning supplementary signsParticular care must be taken when positioningsupplementary signs, as there are manydifferent messages which must be placed ina variety of situations. It must be noted that toomany signs can be just as confusing as too few,and that one carefully positioned sign is moreeffective than several haphazardly positionedsigns. Where a notice prohibiting a particularbehaviour is clearly displayed, the addition offurther notices in the same area is unlikely todeter persistent offenders.As with directional signs and posters, the topedge of supplementary signs should be 2mabove floor level. However, if there are otherelements present which do not conform, thisdistance may be adjusted to suit. If signs are tobe fitted to columns, they should be central tothe column width. Where signs are being fittedto tiled walls, the signs should be centrallyaligned horizontally and vertically with the tilesor tile joints, and should be bonded whereverpossible to avoid tile damage.

In passageways, supplementary signs shouldface the directional flow of customers, as signsfixed to the side walls are far less effective inareas of heavy passenger flow. Where there areseveral supplementary signs in a given area,these should not be fitted adjacent to oneanother unless they are of identical size andformat, in which case a minimum gap of 50mmshould be adopted. Supplementary signs shouldnever obscure, or be attached to directionalsigns or poster frames.

‘No smoking’ signsLondon Underground was one of the first publictransport systems to introduce a no smokingpolicy, which at the time required a publicitycampaign and comprehensive application ofsigns in all areas to be effective. Several yearson, there is still a need for such signs, but to afar lesser extent. While the requirement for suchsigns may vary at individual locations, thefollowing principles should be noted:From any area on a station at least one‘No smoking’ sign should be clearly visible, forthe policy to be effectively policed by staff.

Additional signing will normally be required inthe following areas:• Facing customers at the immediate entry

point to a station• Facing customers at the exit point from the

outward ticket gates• Within subways leading from ticket hall

to street• Along open platforms, particularly where

rail services are also served• On underground platforms, ‘No smoking’

signs should be fitted to the trackside walls,directly above every other trackside roundel

• At all platform exit points, ‘No smoking’ signsshould be fitted to the cross-passage sidewalls, facing customers as they turn into thepassage

• ‘No smoking’ signing is vital on stationescalators, but this should be incorporatedwithin the standard escalator notices (referto section 10.10)

‘No smoking’ signs should not be fitted todoors within station areas where both the roomand the area outside are no smoking zones.


12.3 Incorporating signs within finishes London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Incorporating signing within finishesThe incorporation of signing within wallfinishes, such as vitreous enamel, can be anextremely cost-effective and attractive methodof signing, which has been used successfully atseveral key locations. Primary directional andstation identification signing can beincorporated in wall finishes, providing thefollowing criteria are satisfied:• Signs must be in the optimum operational

position and orientation. Platform roundeland frieze elements must be positioned atthe correct height (refer to Platform signingsection 5.0).

• Sign graphics must fully comply with signinglayout standards, as detailed within thisdocument. The white background is anintegral part of the graphic standards.

• Sign surface must not be distorted in any waywhich will unduly affect the appearance of thesign layout, eg tight radius.

• All colours must be an accuraterepresentation of LUL standard colours andbe totally resistant to deterioration. Stylisedetched-glass colour variations are notacceptable.

• Standard element sizes must not beexpanded to suit cladding modules orreduced from standards.

• Panel joints must not be present within signlayouts, apart from graphic breaks whichwould normally be marked using a grey line.

• For panels which are larger than standard,colour bands, grey lines or any elementreaching the edge of a standard panel mustbe extended to the entire panel width.

• Any panel layout deviating from thesestandards in terms of size or graphicalignment must be approved by LUL priorto panel manufacture.

• Where signing elements may be subject tochange within five years, eg an interchangelogo on a line diagram, the panel must be ableto be easily replaced at a cost comparablewith a separate sign.

• The material used must be at least aseffective as vitreous enamel in terms ofvandal and graffiti resistance.


Index London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

Basic elements

1.0 Basic elements

1.1 Roundel1.1.1 Background areas1.1.2 Roundel silhouette1.1.3 Background colours1.2 Colour1.3 Lettering1.3.1 Standard sizes and colours1.3.2 Viewing distance chart1.3.3 Line spacing1.4 Fitting messages onto panels1.5 Arrows and their direction1.5.1 Arrows1.5.2 Placement of arrows1.6 Symbols and pictograms1.7 Way out1.8 Restricted sign layouts1.9 Signing for mobility-impaired customers1.10 Headroom restrictions1.11 Switchable signs1.12 Panel sizes1.13 Combining signs and minimum height1.14 Combining signs and layout details

The customer journey

2.0 External signage

2.1 Examples2.2 Elements2.3 Panel version principles2.4 Pole-mounted silhouette version2.5 Wall-mounted silhouette version2.6 Fascia principles2.6.1 Lettering sizes2.6.2 Position of lettering2.7 Positioning of signs2.8 Shared facilities2.9 Heritage stations

3.0 Ticket hall signing

3.1 Entering a ticket hall3.2 Ticket machines3.3 Ticket window signs3.4 Information posters unit3.5 Dedicated gateline3.6 Ticket gate penalty warning signs3.7 Gateline signing3.8 Lift signing

4.0 Platform finding

4.1 Ticket hall to platform4.2 Order of information4.3 Sign progression4.4 Line diagrams4.4.1 Line diagrams – layout details4.5 Platform bifurcation4.6 Emphasis of information4.7 Key destinations4.8 Platform confirmation4.8.1 Platform confirmation – numbers4.9 Special cases4.10 Train indicators

5.0 Platform signing

5.1 Station identification from train5.2 Basic platform roundel considerations5.3 Platform and trackside roundel sizes5.3.1 Frequency/height5.4 Station name sizes5.5 Types of platform roundel5.6 Roundel clearance5.6.1 Restricted roundel sizes5.7 Existing silhouette roundels

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Index London Underground signs manual | Issue 4 | Oct 2002

5.8 Frieze – basic considerations5.8.1 Frieze – appearance5.8.2 Incorporating frieze within trucking5.9 Interchange information along platforms5.9.1 Interchange and exit information5.9.2 Interchange terminology

6.0 Exit from platform

6.1 Way out from platform6.2 Way out from platform – Principles6.3 Directing to several cross-passages6.4 Directions to lifts6.5 Platform to ticket hall6.6 Maintaining clear sightlines

7.0 Emergency exits

7.1 Regulations7.2 Pictograms7.3 Types of emergency sign7.4 Combining signs7.5 Emergency exits for wheelchair users7.6 Switchable exit signs7.7 ‘No entry’ signs7.8 Special cases

8.0 Exit from station

8.1 Exit from station8.1.1 Multi-exit stations8.2 Exit guide layout principles8.3 Signing to bus stops

Specific elements

9.0 Safety signs

9.1 Safety signs overview9.2 Fire safety signs9.3 Prohibition signs9.4 Warning signs9.5 Safe condition signs9.6 Mandatory signs

10.0 Supplementary signs

10.1 Supplementary signs10.2 Sign wording10.3 Panel sizes10.4 Typeface10.5 Type size and emphasis10.6 Line spacing10.7 Borders

10.8 Margins10.9 Margins on signs with pictograms10.10 Combining signs10.11 Door signs10.12 Rendezvous points and assembly points10.13 Fixing of sign panels10.14 Emergency – Do not enter10.15 Fire equipment signs10.16 ‘Help point’ signs10.17 CCTV signs10.18 Lift signs10.19 Car park signs

11.0 Construction

11.1 Primary sign constructions11.2 Combining sign constructions11.3 Generic platform roundel details11.4 Generic external roundel details11.5 Temporary signs

12.0 Fixing guideline

12.1 Directional signs12.2 Supplementary signs12.3 Incorporating signs within finishes

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