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The President's Of/ice I The Iranian Cultural Heritage, Handicrafts and Tourism OrfJanization $

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~ ~ tJn Comyliance with ~rticfe 12 to the tJnternationa{ Convention on tfie Safeguarding ~ • ~ \ the 1ntangi6re Cu{tura{ 1-feritage, ana referring to the 'Ru{e of the t]s{amic 'Reyu6{ic of I ~ tJran s joining the mentionea Convention ayyrovea in 2005, at the tJranian IJ. (a ri ~ \ Consu{tative ~sem6(y, as we{{ as the 'Rufes of Proceaures thereof, ana ~rtic{e 3 of the $ ' ~rtic{es of ~sociation of the tJranian Cu{tura{ 1-feritage, 1}-(andicrafts ana ~O it ri. nt I \ Organization a_pyrovea in 1988, at the tJranian tJs{amic Consu{tative ~sem6(y, $ ~ intangi6(e Cu(tura( 1-feritage Xfement tit(ea ~

~ ~ \ 'Skills and Culture of Traditional Baking of Flatbreads in Iran: Lavash" 1

~ $ \ in tJran with the fo{(owing yarticu(ars: I ~ 'Domain of the tJntangi6{e Cu(rura( 1-feritage X(ement: !1/atfona( Wftfe ~ ~ '1-fistorica{ IJ3acfgrouna of the 1ntangi6(e Cu(rura{ 1-feritaee X(ement: $ \ '!sfamfc !Era1 Ctmt'emporary I ~ ~ ~ 'ls, here6y, inscri6ea on this aate of 12 tM.arch 2014 as rNo. 1062, on tfie tJranian ~ ~. 7fationa( List of the 'lntanei6(e Cu(tura( tJ-feritage. ~

~ Farhad Nazari Mohammad Hassan Talebian ~

~ The General Manager Cultural Heritage Deputy 11

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·~ General Office for The Iranian Cultural ~ Inscription, Safeguarding and Heritage, Handicrafts and l

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The Iranian Cultural Heritage, Handicrafts and Tourism Organization Deputyship for Cultural Heritage

NATIONAL INVENTORY LIST OF The Islamic Republic of Iran

INTANGIBLE CULTURAL HERITAGE (REPRESANTATIVE AND IN NEED OF URGENT SAFEGUARDING)

Office for Inscriptions and Preservation and Revitalization of Intangible and Natural Heritage

2014

Reference r Name of the Element Date of Inscription Geographical No. Domain ofthe

Element 1028 ChadorShabBafi( a Kind of January- 2013 Hormozgan

wra]~p erWeaving ) Province 1029 Rituals of Sang Zanl January- 2013 HormozganProvince

1030 Traditional Skills of Cooking Ha/Tm-e January- 2013 HormozganProvince Jam in Bandar Abbas

1031 Rituals of Zar January- 2013 HormozganProvince

1032 Gar GurBafi (a Kind of Weaving) January- 2013 HormozganProvince

1033 Traditional Skills of Weaving Subas January- 2013 Hormozgan Province ( Wicker Slippers)

1034 TraditionaiSkills of Baking Shlrmal January- 2013 Hamedan Province Pastry

1035 TraditionaiSkills of BakingKomaj Pastry January- 2013 HamedanProvince

1036 TraditionaiSkills of BakingAngosht-plch January- 2013 Hamedan Province Pastry in Hamedan

1037 Traditional Skills of Cooking January- 2013 HamedanProvince HalvaZarde(Yellow Halva) in Hamedan

1038 TraditionaiSkills of Saddle Making in January- 2013 Hamedan Province Hamedan ---

1039 TraditionaiSkills January- 2013 Hamedan Province ofCha/angari(Locksmithing) in Hamedan

1040 TraditionaiSkills ofKharrati January- 2013 Hamedan Province ( Woodworking) in Hamedan

1041 TraditionaiSkills January- 2013 Yazd Province ofQof/Sazi(Locksmithing) in Hamedan I

1042 TraditionaiSkills of Processing I January- 2013 YazdKhorasan HalviiArdeh (Sap sesame) in Ardakan

1043 Traditional knowledge and Skills January- 2013 Yazd Province ofZanj7rSazT(Chain making) in Ardakan

1044 Rituals of Nakhl-bandi&Nakh/GardanT in January- 2013 Yazd Province NadOshan

1045 Skills and Art of Knife Making in Mehriz January- 2013 Yazd Province

1046 Skills of Torkeh Weaving in Mehriz January- 2013 Yazd Province

1047 Rituals of Nakhl-bandi&Nakh/GardanTin January- 2013 I Yazd Province Krit- Tabas

1048 Rituals of Nakhl-bardarT in Mehrjerd - January- 2013 Yazd Province Meybod

1049 Traditional knowledge andSkills of January- 2013 Yazd Province GTvehDuzT(Cotton Summer Sewing) in AbarKOh L

1050 Traditional Skills of QofiSazr January- 2013 Yazd Province (Locksmithing) in Abarkooh

~ 1051 Technology of Constructing Baadgir

I January- 2013 National

(Wind catchers) in Iran Provided by Yazd

Province

1052 Traditional Knowledge and Skills of January- 2013 Yazd Province Wicker Weaving I Wicker Work

1053 Music of NavahT (Areas ) of the Persian January- 2013 Hormozgan

Gulf Province

1054 Skills of Sewing Traditional Clothing of January-2013 Hormozgan

I the Persian Gulf Region Province 1055 Dialects of the Persian Gulf Region January- 2013 Hormozgan

Province

1056 Nowrouz Ceremony of Qeshm January- 2013 Hormozgan Fishermen Province

1057 Traditional Calender of Hormozgan January- 2013 Hormozgan Province

1058 Ceremony of Bahar Narenj Celebration January-2013 Mazandaran

1 Province

1059 Charter of Alavi Management July-2013 National

1060 Ceremony of Rain Seeking Ritual of the October-2014 Markazi Province Village of Kaburan of Tafresh

1061 Skills and Traditional Techniques of March -2014 National Making & Playing Kamancheh, A Classical and Folkloric Sringed Musical Instrument

1,ru12 SJ<!It ilnd tultufi: of nmm Qnal Baldng of;FirnureadsJMran. Uvnsh•·

·~ ationa1

1063 Puppet making in the Province of Province of Southern Khorassan Southern Khorassan

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A Short Extract from the National Inventory List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of

The Islamic Republic of Iran, Regarding the Skills and Culture of the Traditional Baking of Flatbreads in Iran: Lavash

The Iranian Cultural Heritage, Handicrafts and Tourism Organization (ICHHTO) registered this ICH Element under the NO. 1062, dated 12 March 2014. (The National Inventory has been updated in December 2014.)

1. Name ofthe Element

• • •

The Skills and Culture of the Traditional Baking of Flatbreads in Iran: Lavash

2. Category of the Element

~0- Oral traditions and expressions, including languages as vehicle of the intangible cultural heritage ~0- Performing arts YES- social practices, rituals and festive events YES- knowledge and practices concerning nature and the universe YES- traditional craftsmanship YES- cultural spaces NO- others

3. Geographic Scope of the Element

The element is practiced all over Iran both rural and urban areas. Moreover, in all nomadic tribes who migrate in different seasons throughout Iran. In rural areas, women play the key role in baking breads and pastries as well as cooking for their families and relatives. In urban areas, almost all of the bakers are men.

4. Name ofCommunity

National Syndicate of Bakers, cooperative unions of rural and urban Bakers, cooperative unions of farmers, Consortium of NGOs supporting tourism and sustainable development.

5. Information about the Element

Among many types of breads in Iran flatbreads are baked and consumed more than any other type. Lavash is the most known flatbread in Iran that enjoys a variety of names and ingredients. In Bakhtiari nomadic tribes, it is called Tiri; In Khuzestan province, it is named Roqaq. In Tehran and big cities it is called Lavash, La bash and Levash.

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Historically, it has been baked from at least one thousand years ago. It is baked mostly through two methods: 1) In tandoor (Farsi: Taniir) which is a cylindrical clay oven, fired to a high heat by wood or charcoal, in which foods, especially bread is baked. 2) On Saj: A big convex metal dish that its interior is directly exposed to the fire. Dough is spread on the exterior side to be baked. In rural areas, women prepare all foods including breads for their families. In urban areas, men are the practitioners of the Element. This bread is used in many ceremonies and celebrations such as weddings, Celebration of Wheat, mourning ceremonies: Ashiira.

6. Information on the Transmission of the Element

The Element is transmitted through non-formal and formal transmission. In rural areas, the transmission is done through non-formal method. Teenage girls help their mothers in baking the breads and little by little learn how to bake it. In urban areas where almost all of the bakers are men, the prevailing method of transmission is non-formal. Moreover, in recent years, some private institutes began to teach baking of many kinds of breads including traditional flatbreads through classes. In these classes, in addition to the practical courses, some theoretical courses are also organized.

7. Level of Viability of the Element

Excellent X Good

Average

Weak Very weak

8. Need to Urgent Safeguarding (if any) Yes

X No

9. Names of the Concerned Departments of the State Party The Iranian Cultural Heritage, Handicrafts and Tourism Organization; Ministry of Agricultural Jihad; Ministry of Health and Medical Education; Iranian Organization of Bread and Floor; Iranian Organization of Crops;

• Ministry of Commerce.