Lithium ion battery (LIB) - MSL –...
Transcript of Lithium ion battery (LIB) - MSL –...
Lithium ion battery (LIB)Chapter 3
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Structure
Separator
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MaterialsLIB Depending Critically on Materials
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Materials
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Structure
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Electrolyte
• High ionic conductivity
• Stability
• Low melting temperature
• High boiling temperature
• Low cost
• Non toxicity
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Electrolyte
액체 전해질고체 고분자 전해질
겔 고분자 전해질
구성 유기용매+리튬염 고분자+리튬염고분자+유기용매+리
튬염
이온전도도 높음 낮음 다소 높음
저온특성 비교적 양호함 열악함 비교적 양호
고온 안정성 열악함 우수함 비교적 양호
대표 물질 LiPF6-EC/DEC LiBF4-PEDLiPF6-EC/DMC+PVdF-
HFP
EC: Ethylene carbonate, DEC: diethyl carbonate, DMC: dimethyl carbonate, PED: poly(ethylene oxide), PVdF-HFP: poly(vinyldene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene), EMITFSI: 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide
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Mechanism of Lithium ion in electrolyte
Mechanism of Ion Transfer
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Solid polymer electrolyteSolid Polymer Electrolytes
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Gel polymer electrolyte
UV Curable Gel Polymer Electrolytes
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Etc
Electrolytes for LIB
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Structure
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Potential
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Cathode materials
구조 층상구조 스페넬구조 올리빈구조
물질
LiCoO2
LiNi1-xCoxO2
LiNi0.5Mn0.5O2
LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2
LiMn2O4
LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4
LiCoMnO4
LiFePO4
LiMnPO4
LiCoPO4
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Spinel Structure of LiMn2O4
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Structure of Layered LiMO2�+%��+6��+%(2�;� Packing ;�,
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Spinel Structure of LiMn2O4
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Structure of Olivine LiFePO4
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LiCoO2
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Structural Change of LiCoO2
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Cathode materials
LiCoO2 Li(Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3)O2 LiMn2O4 LiFePO4
구조 층상 층상 스피넬 올리빈
이론용량 274mAh/g 285mAh/g 148mAh/g 170mAh/g
가용용량 145mAh/g 170mAh/g 120mAh/g 150mAh/g
가용전압 3.7V 3.6V 4.1V 3.4V
장점높은 전기전도도합성이 쉬움
높은 용량낮은 가격열적 안정성
가격 저렴무독성
열적안정성
낮은 가격무독성
단점
높은 가격독성
열적 불안정합성이 어려움
망간 용출적은 방전 용량
낮은 전기전도도낮은 에너지밀도
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Cathode materials
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Cathode Materials
Cathode Materials
Li1-x[Ni1/3Mn1/3Co1/3]O2�Single phase up to x=0.7 with 1% volume change
� Similar performance to that of LiCoO2
� Mass production to be solved
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Structure
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Potential
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Anode materials�����
Basal plane surface
Edge surface
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CarbonCarbon Types
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Anode materials
Starting material
C Al Si Sn Bi
Lithiated phase LiC6 Li9Al4 Li22Si5 Li22Sn5 Li3Bi
이론용량
(Ah/kg)372 2235 4200 993 385
이론용량
(Ah/L)833 6035 9340 7000 3773
부피 변화(%)
12 238 297 257 115
Cycle property Excellent Poor Poor Poor Poor
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Silicon as anode material
Volume Expansion of Si
Weakpoints of Sn electrode: great volume change during alloying and de-allolying
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Weakpoints of Sn electrode: great volume change during alloying and de allolying� not easy to maintain the integrity of electrode structure due to pulverization � poor cycle properties
Lithium ion battery (LIB)Chapter 4
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Li ion diffusionOperating Principle: Intercalation
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Cathode Anode
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Li ion intercalation
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Li ion intercalation
Stage Phenomena in Graphite
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Solid electrolyte interface (SEI)
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Solid electrolyte interface (SEI)
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SEI (Solid Electrolyte Interphase) Model
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Solid electrolyte interface (SEI)
Intercalation vs. Alloying
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Electrode
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Li metal
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Explosion
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SeparatorCelgard 2320
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