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Polymer Binder for Silicon Anode

Inventor: Dr. Gao Liu, PhD Presentation by: Blake Brundidge

Morgan Hague Abraham Ringer Alexander Teran

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Lithium-Ion Batteries

•  Convert electrochemical energy to electricity

•  High energy density compared to other chemistries

Anode Cathode Electrolyte

Li+

e-

Current Collectors

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Slow Progress in Lithium-Ion Batteries

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Anode Chemistry Options

•  Graphite has been industry standard since inception

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

LTO LVO Graphite Germanium Tin Silicon

Spe

cific

Cap

acity

(mA

h/g)

Li-Ion Anode Materials

•  Silicon offers 12x improvement in theoretical capacity over graphite

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Silicon Anodes Drastically Increase Energy Density

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Challenge of Silicon Anodes

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•  Large change in volume upon cycling causes large mechanical stress and fracturing of silicon particles

•  Results in loss of electrical contact with electrode matrix and severe capacity fading

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A Partial Solution: Silicon Nanoparticles

Expansion of silicon particles

Loss of electrical contact due to shifting

•  Nanoscale particles mitigate problems with volume expansion

•  Repeated cycling still leads to loss of electrical contact

Charging

Discharging

Traditional Polymer Binder

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The Solution: Conductive Polymer Binder

Charging

Discharging

Charging

Discharging

•  Flexible, conductive polymer binder binds to silicon tightly

•  Minimizes loss of electrical contact

Traditional Polymer Binder LBNL Polymer Binder

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Opportunities for Silicon Anode in Diverse Markets

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Commercial Opportunities for Silicon Anode

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The Race is On: Panasonic Developing Silicon Anode for 2012

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Competitive Advantage

SIMPLE & SCALABLE

INEXPENSIVE

DROP-IN TECHNOLOGY

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Competitive Advantage

Incumbents Start Ups

SIMPLE & SCALABLE

INEXPENSIVE

DROP-IN TECHNOLOGY

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Competitive Advantage

•  LBNL Polymer Binder can be produced at equivalent cost to traditional binders

•  Silicon nanoparticles can be made from metallurgical grade (~98% purity) Si

•  Metallurgical grade Silicon available at $1 – $5 per kg

•  Anticipated cost parity if Silicon nanoparticles procured for $300 per kg

Economies of Scale Vertical Integration Strategic Partnerships

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SIMPLE & SCALABLE

INEXPENSIVE

DROP-IN TECHNOLOGY

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Competitive Advantage

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SIMPLE & SCALABLE

INEXPENSIVE

DROP-IN TECHNOLOGY

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The Technology is Ready for Your Input. License It. Improve It. Sell It.

Status Goal

Intellectual Property

•  Provisional patent on polymer class and battery system •  PCT to be filed shortly

•  Complete prosecution •  Build IP portfolio around optimized technology

Coulombic Efficiency •  99.0% efficiency

•  99.93% efficiency for personal electronics •  99.996% efficiency for electric vehicles

Cycling •  100 cycles at 1200 mAh/g with no capacity fade

•  > 300 cycles for personal electronics •  > 5000 cycles for electric vehicles

Nanoparticle Optimization

•  No systematic testing completed

•  Optimize particle size and purity •  Investigate scalable nanoparticle production

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PERSONAL ELECTRONICS

ELECTRIC VEHICLES DEFENSE

APPLICATIONS POWER TOOLS

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Team Members

Blake Brundidge, MBA ‘11, Haas School of Business

Morgan Hague, JD ‘11, UC Berkeley Law School

Abraham Ringer, MPH ‘10, UC Berkeley School of Public Health

Alexander Teran, PhD ’13, Chemical Engineering, UC Berkeley

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