Link Budget Calculation
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Transcript of Link Budget Calculation
About LINK_STD
Product Management - GPD Motorola Confidential Proprietary Issue 1 October 1997
1. Purpose The purpose of this tool - LINK_STD is to provide a standard link budget with GPD committed key BTS parameters.
The LINK_STD is strictly for internal use. For presentation purpose, the content of the link budget can however be copied to PowerPoint and then released to customers.
2. About this issue (Issue 2 April 1998)
This version covers both 900MHz and 1800MHz. Issue 1 covers only 1800MHz link budget.
3. Worksheets
There are four worksheets included in this version.
Worksheet 1: About LINK_STD Worksheet 2: Link budget - 1800. This is the link budget for GSM1800 without mast head amplifiers Worksheet 3: Link budget -1800 - MHA. This is the link budget for GSM1800 with mast head amplifiers in the circuit Worksheet 3: Link budget - 900. This is the link budget for GSM900 without mast head amplifiers Worksheet 4: Link budget - 900 - MHA. This is the link budget for GSM900 with mast head amplifiers in the circuit Worksheet 5: General use. This link budget is for the purpose of general use. There are more freedoms for users to work. This link budget does not include mast head amplifiers. Worksheet 6: Key parameters. Key parameters, such as CCB loss etc, are provided in this sheet.
4. Parameters
There are four types of parameter: User defined parameters. These parameters are in blue color and can be altered by users based on their individual cases.
GPD committed and GSM specified parameters. These parameters are in black color and locked. They cannot be altered by users. Some sensitive parameters are not only locked but also hidden. In the worksheet 'General Use', all parameters can however be altered by users.
Duplicate. Some parameters are duplicate. For example, feeder loss appears in both uplink and downlink. There is no point to alter the same parameter twice. So the duplicated parameters are in black color and locked.
Results. These parameters are the outcome of the link budget analysis. They are in red color and locked.
5. Cell radius
The LINK_STD does not only analyse the link balance but also predict typical cell radius, cell coverage area and number of sites required for a given area. This information should only be used as reference.
The propagation model used for predicting the cell radius is
Hata model - 900 MHz Hata and COST 231 model - 1800 MHz
recommended in GSM03.30.
For further details and information please contact:
Jun Xiang [email protected] Management phone: +44 1793 565680GPD fax: +44 1793 514215
About LINK_STD
Product Management - GPD Motorola Confidential Proprietary Issue 1 October 1997
1. Purpose The purpose of this tool - LINK_STD is to provide a standard link budget with GPD committed key BTS parameters.
The LINK_STD is strictly for internal use. For presentation purpose, the content of the link budget can however be copied to PowerPoint and then released to customers.
2. About this issue (Issue 2 April 1998)
This version covers both 900MHz and 1800MHz. Issue 1 covers only 1800MHz link budget.
3. Worksheets
There are four worksheets included in this version.
Worksheet 1: About LINK_STD Worksheet 2: Link budget - 1800. This is the link budget for GSM1800 without mast head amplifiers Worksheet 3: Link budget -1800 - MHA. This is the link budget for GSM1800 with mast head amplifiers in the circuit Worksheet 3: Link budget - 900. This is the link budget for GSM900 without mast head amplifiers Worksheet 4: Link budget - 900 - MHA. This is the link budget for GSM900 with mast head amplifiers in the circuit Worksheet 5: General use. This link budget is for the purpose of general use. There are more freedoms for users to work. This link budget does not include mast head amplifiers. Worksheet 6: Key parameters. Key parameters, such as CCB loss etc, are provided in this sheet.
4. Parameters
There are four types of parameter: User defined parameters. These parameters are in blue color and can be altered by users based on their individual cases.
GPD committed and GSM specified parameters. These parameters are in black color and locked. They cannot be altered by users. Some sensitive parameters are not only locked but also hidden. In the worksheet 'General Use', all parameters can however be altered by users.
Duplicate. Some parameters are duplicate. For example, feeder loss appears in both uplink and downlink. There is no point to alter the same parameter twice. So the duplicated parameters are in black color and locked.
Results. These parameters are the outcome of the link budget analysis. They are in red color and locked.
5. Cell radius
The LINK_STD does not only analyse the link balance but also predict typical cell radius, cell coverage area and number of sites required for a given area. This information should only be used as reference.
The propagation model used for predicting the cell radius is
Hata model - 900 MHz Hata and COST 231 model - 1800 MHz
recommended in GSM03.30.
For further details and information please contact:
Jun Xiang [email protected] Management phone: +44 1793 565680GPD fax: +44 1793 514215
About LINK_STD
Product Management - GPD Motorola Confidential Proprietary Issue 1 October 1997
1. Purpose The purpose of this tool - LINK_STD is to provide a standard link budget with GPD committed key BTS parameters.
The LINK_STD is strictly for internal use. For presentation purpose, the content of the link budget can however be copied to PowerPoint and then released to customers.
2. About this issue (Issue 2 April 1998)
This version covers both 900MHz and 1800MHz. Issue 1 covers only 1800MHz link budget.
3. Worksheets
There are four worksheets included in this version.
Worksheet 1: About LINK_STD Worksheet 2: Link budget - 1800. This is the link budget for GSM1800 without mast head amplifiers Worksheet 3: Link budget -1800 - MHA. This is the link budget for GSM1800 with mast head amplifiers in the circuit Worksheet 3: Link budget - 900. This is the link budget for GSM900 without mast head amplifiers Worksheet 4: Link budget - 900 - MHA. This is the link budget for GSM900 with mast head amplifiers in the circuit Worksheet 5: General use. This link budget is for the purpose of general use. There are more freedoms for users to work. This link budget does not include mast head amplifiers. Worksheet 6: Key parameters. Key parameters, such as CCB loss etc, are provided in this sheet.
4. Parameters
There are four types of parameter: User defined parameters. These parameters are in blue color and can be altered by users based on their individual cases.
GPD committed and GSM specified parameters. These parameters are in black color and locked. They cannot be altered by users. Some sensitive parameters are not only locked but also hidden. In the worksheet 'General Use', all parameters can however be altered by users.
Duplicate. Some parameters are duplicate. For example, feeder loss appears in both uplink and downlink. There is no point to alter the same parameter twice. So the duplicated parameters are in black color and locked.
Results. These parameters are the outcome of the link budget analysis. They are in red color and locked.
5. Cell radius
The LINK_STD does not only analyse the link balance but also predict typical cell radius, cell coverage area and number of sites required for a given area. This information should only be used as reference.
The propagation model used for predicting the cell radius is
Hata model - 900 MHz Hata and COST 231 model - 1800 MHz
recommended in GSM03.30.
For further details and information please contact:
Jun Xiang [email protected] Management phone: +44 1793 565680GPD fax: +44 1793 514215
About LINK_STD
Product Management - GPD Motorola Confidential Proprietary Issue 1 October 1997
1. Purpose The purpose of this tool - LINK_STD is to provide a standard link budget with GPD committed key BTS parameters.
The LINK_STD is strictly for internal use. For presentation purpose, the content of the link budget can however be copied to PowerPoint and then released to customers.
2. About this issue (Issue 2 April 1998)
This version covers both 900MHz and 1800MHz. Issue 1 covers only 1800MHz link budget.
3. Worksheets
There are four worksheets included in this version.
Worksheet 1: About LINK_STD Worksheet 2: Link budget - 1800. This is the link budget for GSM1800 without mast head amplifiers Worksheet 3: Link budget -1800 - MHA. This is the link budget for GSM1800 with mast head amplifiers in the circuit Worksheet 3: Link budget - 900. This is the link budget for GSM900 without mast head amplifiers Worksheet 4: Link budget - 900 - MHA. This is the link budget for GSM900 with mast head amplifiers in the circuit Worksheet 5: General use. This link budget is for the purpose of general use. There are more freedoms for users to work. This link budget does not include mast head amplifiers. Worksheet 6: Key parameters. Key parameters, such as CCB loss etc, are provided in this sheet.
4. Parameters
There are four types of parameter: User defined parameters. These parameters are in blue color and can be altered by users based on their individual cases.
GPD committed and GSM specified parameters. These parameters are in black color and locked. They cannot be altered by users. Some sensitive parameters are not only locked but also hidden. In the worksheet 'General Use', all parameters can however be altered by users.
Duplicate. Some parameters are duplicate. For example, feeder loss appears in both uplink and downlink. There is no point to alter the same parameter twice. So the duplicated parameters are in black color and locked.
Results. These parameters are the outcome of the link budget analysis. They are in red color and locked.
5. Cell radius
The LINK_STD does not only analyse the link balance but also predict typical cell radius, cell coverage area and number of sites required for a given area. This information should only be used as reference.
The propagation model used for predicting the cell radius is
Hata model - 900 MHz Hata and COST 231 model - 1800 MHz
recommended in GSM03.30.
For further details and information please contact:
Jun Xiang [email protected] Management phone: +44 1793 565680GPD fax: +44 1793 514215
Product Management - GPD Motorola Confidential Proprietary Issue 1 October 1997
Linkbudget For Motorola MCell 2 and MCell 6Frequency: 1710MHz - 1880MHzNo mast head amplifier
Downlink (BTS to MS) Uplink (MS to BTS)42.5 dBm 18 MS Tx power 30 dBm 1 W
Combining loss 0 dB 18 MS antenna gain 0 dBi
Duplexer loss 0.8 dB 14.8 Total EIRP 30 dBm 1 WTotal Tx power @ top rack 41.7 dBm 14.8 W
Feeder loss 3 dB 9 BTS antenna gain 18 dBiBTS antenna gain 18 dBi Diversity gain 4 dB
Total EIRP 57.5 dBm 562.3Feeder loss 3 dB
-108.50 dBmMS Rx Sensitivity -100 dBm
MS antenna gain 0 dBi 6 dB
6 dB Interference margin 3 dBAntenna/Body loss 3 dB
Interference margin 3 dB
Antenna/Body loss 3 dB Max. allowed pathloss 145.50 dB
Max. allowed pathloss 145.50 dB
0.00 dB
Designed coverage
Designed pathloss 145.5 dBBase station height 30 m
Mobile height 1.5 m
Coverage/site
14.71 km 680 0.15
1.51 km 7.12 14.04
[1] Max. TCU Tx power 46.3dBm including 0.7 dB cable loss between radio and duplexer/Tx filter[2] Power level after each RF device[3] Sensitivity measured at top of rack[4] Log normal shadowing with 7dB standard deviation[5] COST 231 + Hata Model (1500 - 2000MHz, refer to GSM 03.30) [6] Rural (open area)[7] Metropolitan centres[8] Types of Combiner: CCB, Hybrid combiner[9] Duplexer and Tx filter have the same loss. Duplexer loss in Rx branch is included Rx sensitivity figure
BTS Tx power[1] W[2]
W[2,8]
W[2,9]
W[2]
W[2]
BTS Rx Sensitivity[3]
Fading margin (90% coverage)
Fading margin (90% coverage[4])
Link balance(downlink - uplink)
Cell radius[5] Number of sites/100km2
Rural Environment[6] km2
Urban Environment[7] km2
TC
U
TC
U
COMBINER
DUPLEXER
Tx
Rx
Cab
leA
nten
na
-108
.5dB
m R
x se
nsit
ivit
y
Product Management - GPD Motorola Confidential Proprietary Issue 1 October 1997
TC
U
TC
U
COMBINER
DUPLEXER
Tx
Rx
Cab
leA
nten
na
-108
.5dB
m R
x se
nsit
ivit
y
Product Management - GPD Motorola Confidential Proprietary Issue 1 October 1997
Linkbudget For Motorola MCell 2 and MCell 6Frequency: 1710MHz - 1880MHzWith mast head amplifier
Downlink (BTS to MS) Uplink (MS to BTS)45.9 dBm 38.9 MS Tx power 30 dBm 1 W
Combining loss 0 dB 38.9 MS antenna gain 0 dBi
Duplexer loss 0.8 dB 32.4 Total EIRP 30 dBm 1 WTotal Tx power @ top rack 45.1 dBm 32.4 W
Feeder loss 3 dB 19.5 BTS antenna gain 18 dBiBTS antenna gain 18 dBi Diversity gain 4 dB
Total EIRP 60.1 dBm ###Feeder loss 3 dB
MS Rx Sensitivity -100 dBmMS antenna gain 0 dBi MHA gain 12 dB
MHA noise figure 2 dB
dB
kHz
dB
Overall system noise figure 2.73 dBSensitivity @ antenna connector -110.23 dBm
6 dB 6 dBInterference Margin 3 dB Interference margin 3 dBAntenna/Body loss 1 dB Antenna/Body loss 3 dB
Max. allowed pathloss 150.10 dB Max. allowed pathloss 150.23 dB
-0.13 dB
Designed coverage
Designed pathloss 150.1 dBBase station height 30 m
Mobile height 1.5 m
Coverage/site
19.88 km 1241 0.08
2.03 km 13 7.70
[1] Max. TCU Tx power 46.3dBm including 0.7 dB cable loss between radio and duplexer/Tx filter[2] Power level after each RF device[3] Log normal shadowing with 7dB standard deviation[4] COST 231 + Hata Model (1500 - 2000MHz, refer to GSM 03.30) [5] Rural (open area)[6] Metropolitan centres[7] These data are hidden because they are Motorola proprietary data
BTS Tx power[1] W[2]
W[2,8]
W[2,9]
W[2]
W[2]
BTS noise figure[7]
BTS noise bandwidth[7]
BTS Eb/No[7]
Fading margin (90% coverage[3])
Fading margin (90% coverage)
Link balance(downlink - uplink)
Cell radius[4] Number of sites/100km2
Rural Environment[5] km2
Urban Environment[6] km2
TC
U
TC
U
COMBINER
DUPLEXER
Tx
Rx
Cab
leA
nten
na
-110
dBm
Rx
sens
itiv
ity
Product Management - GPD Motorola Confidential Proprietary Issue 1 October 1997
[8] Types of Combiner: CCB, Hybrid combiner[9] Duplexer and Tx filter have the same loss. Duplexer loss in Rx branch is included Rx sensitivity figure
TC
U
TC
U
COMBINER
DUPLEXER
Tx
Rx
Cab
leA
nten
na
-110
dBm
Rx
sens
itiv
ity
Product Management - GPD Motorola Confidential Proprietary Issue 1 October 1997
TC
U
TC
U
COMBINER
DUPLEXER
Tx
Rx
Cab
leA
nten
na
-110
dBm
Rx
sens
itiv
ity
Product Management - GPD Motorola Confidential Proprietary Issue 1 October 1997
TC
U
TC
U
COMBINER
DUPLEXER
Tx
Rx
Cab
leA
nten
na
-110
dBm
Rx
sens
itiv
ity
Linkbudget For Motorola MCell 2 and MCell 6Frequency: 880MHz - 960MHzNo mast head amplifier
Downlink (BTS to MS) Uplink (MS to BTS)28 dBm 0.6 MS Tx power 33 dBm
Combining loss 3 dB 0.3 MS antenna gain 0 dBi
Duplexer or Tx filter loss 1 dB 0.3 Total EIRP 33 dBmTotal Tx power @ top rack 24 dBm 0.3 W
Feeder loss 3 dB 0.2 BTS antenna gain 5 dBiBTS antenna gain 5 dBi Diversity gain -1 dB
Total EIRP 26 dBm 0.4Feeder loss 3 dB
MS Rx Sensitivity -102 dBm -107.00 dBmMS antenna gain 7 dBi
6 dB
6 dBInterference margin 0 dB
Interference margin 0 dB Antenna/Body loss 3 dBAntenna/Body loss 3 dB
Max. allowed pathloss 132.00 dB
Max. allowed pathloss 126.00 dB
-6.00 dB
Designed coverage
Designed pathloss 126 dBBase station height 15 m
Mobile height 1.5 m
Coverage/site
4.39 km 60.6 1.65
0.75 km 1.78 56.26
[1] Max. TCU Tx power: 47.35 dBm[2] Power level after each RF device[3] Sensitivity measured at top of rack[4] Log normal shadowing with 7dB standard deviation[5] Hata Model (150 - 1000MHz, refer to GSM 03.30) [6] Rural (open area)[7] Metropolitan centres[8] Types of Combiner: CCB, CBF, 3 Input CBF, TBPF[9] Duplexer loss in Rx branch is included Rx sensitivity figure
BTS Tx power[1] W[2]
W[2,8]
W[2,9]
W[2]
W[2]
BTS Rx Sensitivity[3]
Fading margin (90% coverage)
Fading margin (90% coverage[4])
Link balance(downlink - uplink)
Cell radius[5] Number of sites/100km2
Rural Environment[6] km2
Urban Environment[7] km2
TC
U
TC
U
COMBINER
DUPLEXER
Tx
Rx
Cab
leA
nten
na
-107
dBm
Rx
sens
itiv
ity
TC
U
TC
U
COMBINER
DUPLEXER
Tx
Rx
Cab
leA
nten
na
-107
dBm
Rx
sens
itiv
ity
2 W
2 W
TC
U
TC
U
COMBINER
DUPLEXER
Tx
Rx
Cab
leA
nten
na
-107
dBm
Rx
sens
itiv
ity
TC
U
TC
U
COMBINER
DUPLEXER
Tx
Rx
Cab
leA
nten
na
-107
dBm
Rx
sens
itiv
ity
Linkbudget For Motorola MCell 2 and MCell 6Frequency: 880MHz - 960MHzWith mast head amplifier
Downlink (BTS to MS) Uplink (MS to BTS)46 dBm 39.8 MS Tx power 33 dBm
Combining loss 0 dB 39.8 MS antenna gain 0 dBi
Duplexer loss 0 dB 39.8 Total EIRP 33 dBmTotal Tx power @ top rack 46 dBm 39.8 W
Feeder loss 3 dB 20.0 BTS antenna gain 18 dBiBTS antenna gain 18 dBi Diversity gain 4 dB
Total EIRP 61 dBm ###Feeder loss 3 dB
MS Rx Sensitivity -102 dBmMS antenna gain 0 dBi MHA gain 12 dB
MHA noise figure 2 dB
dB
kHz
dB
Overall system noise figure 3.06 dBSensitivity @ antenna connector -109.90 dBm
6 dB 6 dBInterference Margin 3 dB Interference margin 3 dBAntenna/Body loss 3 dB Antenna/Body loss 3 dB
Max. allowed pathloss 151.00 dB Max. allowed pathloss 152.90 dB
-1.90 dB
Designed coverage
Designed pathloss 151 dBBase station height 30 m
Mobile height 1.5 m
Coverage/site
21.08 km 1395 0.07
2.16 km 14.6 6.84
TCU Tx power[1] W[2]
W[2,8]
W[2,9]
W[2]
W[2]
BTS noise figure[7]
BTS noise bandwidth[7]
BTS Eb/No[7]
Fading margin (90% coverage[3])
Fading margin (90% coverage)
Link balance(downlink - uplink)
Cell radius[4] Number of sites/100km2
Rural Environment[5] km2
Urban Environment[6] km2
TC
U
TC
U
COMBINER
DUPLEXER
Tx
Rx
Cab
leA
nten
na
[1] Max. TCU Tx power: 47.35 dBm[2] Power level after each RF device[3] Log normal shadowing with 7dB standard deviation[4] Hata Model (150 - 1000MHz, refer to GSM 03.30) [5] Rural (open area)[6] Metropolitan centres[7] These data are hidden because they are Motorola proprietary data [8] Types of Combiner: CCB, CBF, 3 Input CBF, TBPF[9] Duplexer loss in Rx branch is included Rx sensitivity figure
TC
U
TC
U
COMBINER
DUPLEXER
Tx
Rx
Cab
leA
nten
na
2 W
2 W
TC
U
TC
U
COMBINER
DUPLEXER
Tx
Rx
Cab
leA
nten
na
TC
U
TC
U
COMBINER
DUPLEXER
Tx
RxC
able
Ant
enna
Product Management - GPD Motorola Internal Use Issue 1 October 1997
Linkbudget For General PurposeNo mast head amplifier
Downlink (BTS to MS) Uplink (MS to BTS)BTS Tx power 29 dBm 0.8 W MS Tx power 33 dBm 2 W
Combining loss 3 dB 0.4 W MS antenna gain 0 dBiDuplexer loss 1 dB 0.3 W Total EIRP 33 dBm 2 W
Total Tx power @ top rack 25 dBm 0.3 WFeeder loss 3 dB 0.2 W BTS antenna gain 5 dBi
BTS antenna gain 5 dBi Feeder loss 3 dBTotal EIRP 27 dBm 0.5 W
Diversity gain 0 dBBTS Rx Sensitivity -87.0 dBm
MS Rx Sensitivity -95 dBmMS antenna gain 0 dBi Fading margin 0 dB
Interference margin 0 dBFading margin 0 dB Antenna/body loss 3 dB
Interference margin 0 dB
Antenna/body loss 3 dB Max. allowed pathloss 119.00 dB
Max. allowed pathloss 119.00 dB
0.00 dB
Designed coverage
Designed pathloss 119 dBBase station height 10 m
Mobile height 1.5 m
1800MHz Coverage/site
1.62 km 8.246 12.13
0.20 km 0.125 798.52
900MHz Coverage/site
2.39 km 17.87 5.60
0.43 km 0.582 171.69
[1] COST 231 + Hata Model (1500 - 2000MHz, refer to GSM 03.30) [2] Rural (open area)[3] Metropolitan centres[4] Hata Model (150 - 1000 MHz, refer to GSM 03.30)
Link balance(downlink - uplink)
Cell radius[1] Number of sites/100km2
Rural Environment[2] km2
Urban Environment[3] km2
Cell radius[4] Number of sites/100km2
Rural Environment[2] km2
Urban Environment[3] km2
Key parameters
Page 20
900MHzComponents Losses
Duplxer 1 dBCCB 3 dB Worst caseCBF 4 dB3 Input CBF 7.5 dBTBPF 1 dB Twin Band Pass Filter can be used to replace combining.
Max TCU Tx power 47.35 dBm This will lead to 20 W Tx power at top rack with one stage combining and a duplexer
1800MHzComponents Losses
Duplexer 0.8 dBCCB 4.5 dB Worst caseHybrid combiner 3.2 dBTx filter 0.8 dB Tx filter can be used to replace the duplexer to further improve Rx sensitivity
Max TCU Tx power 47 dBm This will lead to >32 W Tx power at top rack with a duplexer
Key parameters
Page 21
This will lead to 20 W Tx power at top rack with one stage combining and a duplexer
Tx filter can be used to replace the duplexer to further improve Rx sensitivity