Lighting For Television The art of control and effect.
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Transcript of Lighting For Television The art of control and effect.
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Lighting For Television
The art of control and effect
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The Principles of Light
• Light is part of the electromagnetic energy spectrum.
X-ray and Gamma rays
Audio 20 Hz – 20 KHz
Radio and Communications freq.
The Electromagnetic Spectrum
Violet
Indigo
Blue
Green
Yellow
Orange
Red
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Lighting Terminology
• Color Temperature: The relative reddishness or bluishness of light. Measured in degrees Kelvin.
• Primary Colors: For light the primary colors are Red, Blue, & Green
• Photographic principle: Lighting design utilizing 3 lights to light a subject.
• Gel: A colored filter that allows only certain light to pass through the filter.
• Fresnel: A hard light that is a common type of light fixture for a TV Studio.
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Fresnel Light
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Lighting Terminology (cont.)
• Hard light: A directional light sources that produces sharp falloff (shadows have edges)
• Soft light: Diffused light that produces few shadows.
• EFP Floodlight: Used for portable lighting situations. Usually consists of a bright halogen bulb – Very hot to touch.
• Ellipsoidal Spotlight: An adjustable lighting fixture that allows the lighting director to focus light where he/she would want it.
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EFP Floodlight
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Ellipsoidal Spotlight
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Lighting Terminology (cont.)
• Flag: Cloth or material that will block light from an area of a set.
• Scoop: A light fixture that has no lens and produces soft light.
• Kelvin Scale: the scale used to measure the relative reddishness or bluishness of light.
• Light Plot: A detailed diagram that shows the placement of lights on the light grid.
• Grid: A support system that lights are hung from
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Light Plot
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Grid
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Lighting Terminology (cont.)
• Raceway: The electrical grid that supplies electricity to the grid. Usually it is a complex array of wires.
• Light board: A control panel that allows an operator to control light intensity to each circuit.
• Gaffer: An assistant lighting director.• Falloff: The intensity of the shadow’s edge
produced by a light fixture
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Light board
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Lighting Terminology (cont.)
• Background light: The purpose of the background light is to establish a "base level of overall lighting" on the set, and to illuminate the set pieces.
• Barndoors: The flaps attached to the front of the instrument, they are manipulated to prevent light from striking unwanted areas.
• Diffusion: Diffusion scatters light, creating soft, somewhat blurred shadow edges, and less severe modeling.
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Lighting Terminology (cont.)
• Scrims: A wire screen used to cut down the amount of light emulating from an instrument. It is inserted between the lens and the barndoors.
• Side light: Side light is sometimes used as an alternative to the standard three point lighting setup.
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The Photographic Principle
• Most common type of lighting design
• Or 3 point lighting– Key light– Back light– Fill light
Fill Light
Soft lightBack Light
(hard or spot light)
Key Light (hard or spot light)
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The Kelvin Scale• Measures the relative
Reddishness or bluishness of light
Candle light
Incandescent Light fixtureFluorescent lighting fixture
Studio lighting (Quartz/Halogen light fixtures)
Outdoor light on a beautiful sunny day (Approx)
Kelvin Scale
Outdoor light on a cloudy Day
Outdoor light on a stormy day20,000 K
15,000 K
5600 K
3200 K
2800 K
2200 K
1200 K
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Light Plot Plan