1.DR.V.J.SEBBY S.M.O(N.C) LIFE STYLE DISEASES

2. WHAT IS MEAN BY LSD Lifestyle Disease OR NCD(NON COMMUNICABLE DISEASES) ARE SOMETIMES CALLED DISEASES OF CIVILIZATION ARE DISEASES APPEAR TO INCREASE IN FREQUENCY AS COUNTRIES BECOME INDUSTRIALIZED AND PEOPLE LIVE LONGER 3. What causes LSD Certain habits, behaviors, and practices such as poor eating habits, inactivity, or smoking Factors that we cannot control such as age, gender, and heredity 4. Controllable risk factors These include habits, behaviors, and practices that we can change Examples: Your diet and body weight Your daily levels of physical activity Your level of sun exposure Smoking and alcohol abuse 5. Uncontrollable risk factors Some risk factors that contribute to your chances of developing a lifestyle disease are out of your control. Examples: Age Gender Ethnicity Heredity 6. Lsd includes Cardio vascular diseases Certain types of cancer Type 2 diabetes Cirrhosis Kidney failure etc 7. Cardio vascular diseases Your heart and blood vessels make up your cardiovascular system. The diseases that result from damage to your heart and blood vessels are called cardiovascular diseases. Types of CVDs: heart attack, stroke, atherosclerosis, and high blood pressure 8. Risk factors Certain factors greatly increase your risk of developing a cardiovascular disease, these factors include: Smoking Being overweight High blood pressure High blood cholesterol Diabetes 9. Types of cvd Stroke High Blood Pressure Heart Attack Atherosclerosis 10. STROKE Sudden attacks of weakness or paralysis (loss of muscle function) that occur when blood flow to an area of the brain is interrupted. Affects the arteries leading to and within the brain Stroke is the third leading cause of death in the United States, behind diseases of the heart and cancer 11. High Blood Pressure The force that blood exerts against the inside walls of a blood vessel. When blood pressure is too high, it puts extra strain on the walls of the vessels and on the heart. Many people do not know their blood pressure is high until they have a heart attack or stroke. 12. Preventing hypertension Cut back on salt. Lose weight. Quit smoking. Stop consumption of alcohol. Avoid saturated fat&cholestrol rich diet, consume food such as whole grain,beans,fruits &vegetables Exercise & avoid stress. 13. CHOLESTROL Several kinds of blood fats: LDL (bad) cholesterol - can narrow or block blood vessels. HDL (good) cholesterol - helps remove cholesterol deposits. Triglycerides - can raise your risk for heart attacks/stroke. 14. TARGET LEVELS Target LDL = less than 100 Ideal HDL = above 40 (men) above 50 (women) Target triglycerides = less than 150 15. Managing cholesterol Eat less saturated fat and trans fat. Foods high in saturated fat and trans fat: fatty meats, hot dogs, high fat dairy products like cream and cheese, baked products and snacks with hydrogenated vegetables oils in the ingredients. Eat foods high in fiber. Examples: oatmeal, beans, peas, citrus fruits Take cholesterol-lowering medication prescribed by your doctor. Exercise regularly. 16. Heart Attack A heart attack is when blood vessels that supply blood to the heart are blocked, preventing enough oxygen from getting to the heart.The heart muscle dies or becomes permanently damaged. Most heart attacks are caused by a blood clot that blocks one of the coronary arteries.The coronary arteries bring blood and oxygen to the heart. If the blood flow is blocked, the heart starves for oxygen and heart cells die. 17. Atherosclerosis This disease is categorized by the buildup of fatty materials on the inside walls of the arteries It is dangerous for 2 reasons: 1. It can reduce or stop blood flow to certain parts of the body 2.These deposits can break free and release clots into the bloodstream 18. Preventing CVD Limit consumption of fat and salt Keep your weight near recommended levels Dont smoke Get moving Have your blood pressure and cholesterol checked regularly Relax 19. cancer A disease caused by uncontrolled cell growth. Tumors are a mass of uncontrolled growing cells that form a clump. Malignant- invade and destroys healthy tissue Benign- harmless cell mass Causes: Certain viruses (HPV) Radiation (UV rays, X-rays) Chemicals in tobacco smoke Asbestos (material used in fireproofing) 20. Types of cancer Breast Prostate Lymphoma Skin Leukemia Ovarian Cervical Respiratory Colon Urinary 21. Detecting Self-exam Biopsy X rays MRI Blood and DNA tests 22. prevention Dont smoke! Wear sunscreen; stay away from tanning beds Eat your veggies and cut the fat Stay active Get regular medical check-ups 23. Cancer in Kerala It is estimated that 35,000 new cancer cases occur in Kerala in one year. Among males 50% of cancers in the mouth, throat and lungs are caused byTobacco and alcohol habits. Among women tobacco related cancers are 15%. 24. CANCER IN HEAD &NECK The main risk factor for these cancers is tobacco and alcohol. A diet rich in green and yellow vegetables has been shown to offer protection against oral cancer. Avoidance of tobacco and alcohol is the most important preventive action against mouth, throat and lung cancers. 25. Cancer of stomach&Colon Consumption of large amounts of red chilies, food at very high temperatures and alcohol consumption are the main risk factors for stomach cancer. Heavy consumption of red meat can lead to risk of colon cancer.White meat such as that of poultry do not have this risk. In South India there is a trend towards increasing consumption of red meat and this can lead to increased risk for large bowel cancer. 26. Cancer of breast A large number of factors are identified as risk factors for breast cancer. Late age at first pregnancy greater than 30 years, single child, late age at menopause etc are some of them. affluent life styles have reduced the physical activities to a minimum and increased the consumption of diets rich in fat. High fat diets during the pubertal age and obesity in the post menopausal age are risk factors for breast cancer, high fat diet is also identified as a risk factor. 27. Cancer of uterine cervix Early age at first intercourse, multiple sexual partners, poor sexual hygiene, repeated child birth etc are some of the reproductive risk factors for cervical cancer . Regular cervical cytology examination (pap smear) by all women who have initiated sexual activity can prevent the occurrence of cervical cancer. 28. What is diabetes&types The body does not produce or properly use insulin. Insulin is a hormone that allows the body to use glucose for energy. The body produces glucose from the food you eat. Type1 diabetes(Iddm) 1 diabetes (IDDM) Usually diagnosed in children and young adults Type 2 diabetes(NIDDM) Most common form Most often diagnosed in adults 29. Prediabetes What is Prediabetes? Comes before type 2 diabetes Blood glucose are higher than normal, but not yet diabetes Most people with prediabetes dont know they have it Prediabetes Ranges HbA1C-5.7-6.4% Fasting Plasma GlucoseTest-100-125 mg/dl Oral GlucoseToleranceTest-140-199 mg/dl 30. Risk factors You are overweight. A parent, brother or sister has diabetes. You are African American, Hispanic/Latino, Native American,Asian American or Pacific Islander. You had a baby weighing more than 9 pounds or had gestational diabetes. You have high blood pressure. You have low HDL (good cholesterol). You have high triglycerides. 31. Diabetes complications Heart Disease and Stroke On diabetes-related death certificates among people aged 65 years or older: Heart disease was noted 68 percent of the time. Stroke was noted 16 percent of the time. The risk for stroke and death from heart disease is 2 to 4 times higher among people with diabetes. 32. complications Kidney Disease Diabetes is the leading cause of kidney failure, accounting for 44 percent of new cases . Amputations More than 60 percent of nontraumatic lower-limb amputations occur in people with diabetes. Blindness Diabetes is the leading cause of new cases of blindness among adults aged 20-74 years. 33. Preventing complication By managing the ABCs of diabetes, people with diabetes can reduce their risk of complications. A stands for HbA1C (a measure of average blood glucose) B stands for Blood pressure C stands for Cholesterol 34. To lower the risks of Dm complications HbA1C < 7, which is an estimated average glucose of 154mg/dl Blood pressure < 130/80 Cholesterol (LDL) < 100 Cholesterol (HDL) > 40 (men) and > 50 (women) Triglycerides < 150 Get help to quit smoking. Be active. Make healthy food choices