Life cycle of Tyre

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Product Life Cycle Analysis

‘Tire’

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Carbon black and silicaare the basic tire fillers,

providing the necessary

“structure” to the compound

Other chemicals have

various functions, like

oils, zinc oxide or

anti-degradants to protect

the compound

Synthetic rubber is added

to natural rubber to achieve

the desired elasticity

High-strength steel cords are

applied under the tread of passenge

car tires (and in the carcass of

truck tires) while other steel wiresare located near the bead to

assure adherence to the rim

Passenger car tires feature

rayon or polyester cords radiall

disposed along the carcass

(“radial tires”), while nylon cor

are placed under the treador near the bead area

Natural rubber has unique elastic

properties and is an essential element

of a tire. Truck tires have an even

higher natural rubber contentthen passenger car tires

Composition & Source

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Raw Materials of Tire Industry – Overview(FY 2010-11)

• Tire Industry is highly raw-material intensive. Raw materials cost accounts for approx. 70% of

Tire Industry Turnover.

• Given below is the composition of raw-materials as a percentage (%) of Total Raw Material

Cost:

Natural Rubber 44%

Nylon Tire Cord Fabric 19%

Carbon Black 12%

Rubber Chemicals 5%

Butyl Rubber 4%

PBR 5%

SBR 5%

Others 6%

• 63% of total Natural Rubber consumption is by the Tire Sector, balance by rubber based non-

Tire industries.

• Total weight of raw-materials consumed by Tire industry – 17.50 Lakh M.T.

• Total Cost of Raw Materials consumed by Tire industry – Rs.21,000 Crores1/21/2013 3



Process

1. Rubber is mixed with sulfur and accelerators.

2. 10 minutes at 170 °C Molded or extruded intoshape.

3. Heated after rubber has taken final form

To improve resilience and elasticity, durability and

utility

Vulcanization

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MANUFACTURINGSchematic of Tire Production Process

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Financial Year 2010-2011 (Est.)

Turnover of Indian Tire Industry Rs. 30,000 Crores

Tire Production (Tonnage) 14.88 lakh M.T.

Tire Production – All Categories (Nos.) 1192 Lakh

Tire Export from India (Value) : Rs. 3600 croresNumber of Tire companies: 39

Industry Concentration 10 Large Tire companies account for

over 95% of total Tire production.

Radialisation Level - Current

(as a % of total Tire production)

Passenger Car Tires: 98%

Light Commercial Vehicles: 18%

Heavy Vehicles ( Truck & Bus ): 15%

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Category wise Tire Production in IndiaFinancial Year 2010-11 - 2011-12 ( April-September)

(In Lakh Nos.)

Tires for: 2010-11 2011-12

Truck & Bus 76.08 77.99

Passenger Car 124.46 134.19

Jeep 7.63 7.47Light Commercial Vehicle 28.40 34.00

Tractor Front 13.88 14.19

Tractor Rear 9.18 9.73

Tractor Trailer 4.64 4.60

Animal Drawn Vehicle 1.30 1.31

Scooter / Moped 91.61 109.80

Motor Cycle 209.91 229.31

Industrial 3.00 3.36

Off the Road (OTR) 0.91 0.981/21/2013 7



Estimated supplies of key Tire categories

Category

Production

(Nos.)

2010-11

(April-

September)

Segmentwise Percentage supply(as % of Total Production)

Replacement

Market

OEMs Export

Truck/Bus 7799228 65 21 14

Passenger Car /

Jeep

14165944 42 53 5

LCV 3400113 34 41 25

Tractor Front 1419373 5 44 1

Tractor Rear 972938 34 64 2

Scooter / Moped 10979956 43 53 4

Motor Cycle 22931173 46 52 2 1/21/2013 8



Uses

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Transportation Sector• Pneumatic tires, tubes and automotive belts

Industrial Sector

•

Product of material handling like conveyor and transmission belt• Others like plates, packing & sealing device, gloves , mat.etc

Consumer sector

•

Rubber clothing like gloves footwear• Other products like threads , eraser, golf ball ,mat etc



Disposal/ Dispersal Methods

Energy recovery Alternative fuel .

Substitute for coal in steel plants.

Reduced emissions.

Lower cost.Fuel Energy

(Gigajoule/

tonne)

Emissions

kgCO

/tonne

kgCO /

Gigajoule

Tires 32.0 2,270 85

Coal 27.0 2,430 90

Pet coke 32.4 3,240 100

Diesel oil 46.0 3,220 70

Natural gas 39.0 1,989 51

Wood 10.2 1,122 1101/21/2013 10




Material recovery Construction material

Crumb or ground rubber applications.

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Examples Of Reuse

Slope stabilisation

Erosion control

Construction

bale

Coastal and fluvial protection 1/21/2013 12



Examples Of Reuse

Compacted shred

Landfill cell

(geotextile)

Loose shred

Building insulation

Loose unbound chips :

Compacted unbound chips

Bound chips

Drainage systems

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Examples Of Reuse

Running tracks

Children’s play grounds

ndoor or outdoor

tiles/pavers Sports arenas

Road furniture

Artificial turf

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Other Innovative And Emerging Uses For End-of-lifeTires

Electric arc furnaces

and Pyrolysis

De-vulcanization

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Environmental Impact

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Environmental Impact

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References

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•http://www.bir.org/assets/Documents/industry/ManagingEndOfLifeTyres.pdf

• http://www.atmaindia.org

• http://www.terdex.com/doc/Oekobilanz_en.pdf

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/

• http://www.newrubbertech.com/home.php

http://www.bir.org/assets/Documents/industry/ManagingEndOfLifeTyres.pdf


http://www.atmaindia.org/

http://www.terdex.com/doc/Oekobilanz_en.pdf

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/

http://www.newrubbertech.com/home.php

http://www.newrubbertech.com/home.php

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/

http://www.terdex.com/doc/Oekobilanz_en.pdf

http://www.atmaindia.org/





Questions ???

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Life cycle of Tyre

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