Leviton, your single source for energy management lighting control.

Occupancy sensors

What they do

Occupancy Sensors For Every Application

Occupancy area Energy savings

Private office 13-50%

Classroom 40-46%

Conference room 22-65%

Restrooms 30-90%

Corridors 30-80%

Storage areas 45-80%

Variables

► TechnologyTechnology

► SensitivitySensitivity

► Time delay Time delay

► Self calibratingSelf calibrating

► Coverage areaCoverage area

► MountingMounting

► Special featuresSpecial features

Technology

► PIRPIR ► UltrasonicUltrasonic

► Dual technologyDual technology

Passive infrared (PIR)

► Senses differences in heatSenses differences in heat

► Requires line of sight Requires line of sight

► Lens defines coverage Lens defines coverage area as series of fan-area as series of fan-shaped zonesshaped zones

► Gaps widen with distance, Gaps widen with distance, reducing sensitivityreducing sensitivity

Graphic courtesy of New Buildings Institute

Passive Infrared (PIR)

Pyrometer

Sensor

9.8 MicronsInfrared Light

from Body Heat Major Body

Motion

LAYOUT ALERT

KEEP 6’ AWAY FROM INCANDESCENT LIGHT SOURCES

NATIONALLY RECOGNIZED TECHNOLOGY

AS DEPICTED IN THE SYNDICATED COMIC STRIP

DILBERT

“FALSE OFF” is the biggest concern.

“FALSE OFF” is the biggest concern.

Ultrasonic

The sensor is not a “line of sight” device since the transmitted energy signals can bounce or wrap around

objects.

Sensors transmit ultrasonic frequencies (32kHz - 40kHz) and monitor changes in the return signal in order to detect

occupancy.

Uses doppler principal

Ultrasonic

► Uses Doppler principle to detect motionUses Doppler principle to detect motion

► Line of sight not requiredLine of sight not required

► Greater sensitivityGreater sensitivity

Transmitter

Receiver

32kHz or 40kHzSound

Sensitive to Hand Motion

Motion causesDoppler Frequency

Shift

UltrasonicCoverage Pattern Note

AIR REGISTERSENSOR

6’

No gaps, greater sensitivity (but more vulnerable to nuisance switching)

Ultrasonic

“FALSE ON” is the biggest concern

Dual technology

► PIR and ultrasonic methodsPIR and ultrasonic methods

► Greater reliabilityGreater reliability

► Ideal when high degree of Ideal when high degree of detection neededdetection needed

► Standard for new Standard for new constructionconstruction

► Another technology Another technology combines PIR and acousticcombines PIR and acoustic

Variables








Sensitivity

►Major vs. minor motion Major vs. minor motion coverage coverage

►How much movement How much movement causes sensor to turn on causes sensor to turn on lights lights

►Changing sensitivity Changing sensitivity changes coverage changes coverage

► Field adjustable to fit Field adjustable to fit applicationapplication

Sensitivity

Method PIR Ultrasonic

Detects hand movement Up to 15 ft. Up to 25 ft.

Detects full body movement

Up to 40 ft. Up to 40 ft.

Coverage area 300-1000 sq.ft. 275-2000 sq.ft.

Highest sensitivity Motion lateral to sensor Motion to and from sensor

Variables








Time delay

► Longer delay: Less switching Longer delay: Less switching and false-OFF, longer lamp life, and false-OFF, longer lamp life, less energy savings less energy savings

► Shorter delay: Higher energy Shorter delay: Higher energy savings, shorter lamp lifesavings, shorter lamp life

► Recommended time delay Recommended time delay settingssettings

► Instant start vs. programmed Instant start vs. programmed start ballastsstart ballasts

Variables








Self-adjusting sensors

► Require little or no Require little or no adjustment of sensitivity and adjustment of sensitivity and time delay settingstime delay settings

► Micro-chip within sensor Micro-chip within sensor monitors space and adjusts monitors space and adjusts accordinglyaccordingly

► Starts adjusting from first Starts adjusting from first day of installationday of installation

Variables








Coverage

► Range (ft.), field of view Range (ft.), field of view ((°) coverage area °) coverage area (sq.ft.)(sq.ft.)

► Pattern based on Pattern based on technology usedtechnology used

► PIR 300-1,500 sq.ft., PIR 300-1,500 sq.ft., Ultrasonic 500-2,000 Ultrasonic 500-2,000 sq.ft.sq.ft.

► Many coverage sizes Many coverage sizes availableavailable

Variables








Mounting

Sensor Type Applications Notes

Ceiling mount Partitioned offices, copy & file rooms, conference rooms, restrooms (US only), garages (PIR only)

Most effective with drop ceiling tile for mounting Provides for 360° coverage

Corner mount/

Wide view

Large office spaces, conference rooms

Mount high on wall

Wall switch Private offices, copy rooms, residences, closets

Especially suitable for retrofits, but not with obstructions

Source: 2001 Advanced Lighting Guidelines, New Buildings Institute

Variables








Special features

► Manual ON / Auto off Manual ON / Auto off

► Manual OFF overrideManual OFF override

► Combination dimmer/sensorCombination dimmer/sensor

► Second relay for bi-level switchingSecond relay for bi-level switching

► Daylight switchingDaylight switching

► Isolated relay (HVAC) Isolated relay (HVAC)

► Network connectivityNetwork connectivity

Specification Considerations

► Require factory layout of sensors at Require factory layout of sensors at time of submittal to determine time of submittal to determine adequate coverage and location of adequate coverage and location of sensorssensors

► Occupancy sensors shall be tested Occupancy sensors shall be tested after installation of furniture and after installation of furniture and recalibrated in the fieldrecalibrated in the field

► Self-calibrating sensorsSelf-calibrating sensors

► Dual technology sensors for most Dual technology sensors for most areas, partitioned bathrooms should areas, partitioned bathrooms should have ultrasonic sensorshave ultrasonic sensors

► Zero sine wave crossing of power Zero sine wave crossing of power pack for long relay lifepack for long relay life

Calibration and testing

““Electrical Subcontractor shall perform the below Electrical Subcontractor shall perform the below functional testing under the observation of the functional testing under the observation of the Commissioning Authority, who will record the results Commissioning Authority, who will record the results of the functional test procedures.of the functional test procedures.

• ““All specified occupancy sensor functions and All specified occupancy sensor functions and features, including time delay and sensitivity, shall features, including time delay and sensitivity, shall be set up, debugged and verified as fully operable.be set up, debugged and verified as fully operable.

• ““Occupancy sensor placement and orientation shall Occupancy sensor placement and orientation shall be verified as matching construction drawings and/or be verified as matching construction drawings and/or specifications.specifications.

• ““The sequence of operation for all occupancy sensor The sequence of operation for all occupancy sensor features and modes shall be tested to confirm match features and modes shall be tested to confirm match to design specifications and acceptable operating to design specifications and acceptable operating practice for all conditions.”practice for all conditions.”

Adapted from “Section 260800, Electrical Testing and Commissioning,” Performing Arts Center, City College San Francisco

Performance test

► Entry test: Sensor should turn on lighting within 2 Entry test: Sensor should turn on lighting within 2 steps of entering space; should not detect outside steps of entering space; should not detect outside control zonecontrol zone

► Hand motion test: Sensor should turn if you wave Hand motion test: Sensor should turn if you wave hand different directions within minor motion areahand different directions within minor motion area

► Walk and wave your hand in different places of Walk and wave your hand in different places of the room to find spots of poor coveragethe room to find spots of poor coverage

Troubleshooting

Troubleshooting

Refer to, “Lighting Controls Association Guide to Troubleshooting Nuisance Switching in Occupancy Sensors,” for helpful guidance on troubleshooting potential problems related to false-ON and false-OFF triggering.

www.aboutlightingcontrols.com

Any Any questions?questions?

Wireless Occupancy Sensor no wires, no batteries

no problem

Leviton, your single source for energy management lighting control.

Leviton, your single source for energy management lighting control.

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