Lesson Plan 0

8/17/2019 Lesson Plan 0

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Lesson Plan – Project Standards and Setup

Lesson Overview

Architectural and construction design must follow rules andstandards. The American Institute of Architects (AIA)establishes the rules for architectural drafting, defining thelayers, colors, line types, and symbols to be used inarchitectural drafting. Visit the AIA website at www.aia.org.

The American Institute of Architecture Students (AIAS) is anorganization for students interested in pursuing a career inarchitecture. Visit the AIAS website at www.aias.org.

any cities and counties ha!e their own rules, based on the AIA standards, to ma"e it easier to chec" drawings that arebeing submitted to their planning departments. The rulesdictate how drawing sheets should be numbered and whatsymbols, line types, colors, and so forth, should be used.

Software# Autodes"$ %e!it$ &' or higher

Time: * to + hours

Level: eginner

Datasets: Imperial included

Concepts Addressed

• -escribe drawing units and how they are measured in drawings

• -escribe drawing scale and dimension styles

• Identify the different sheet sizes and how they should be named

• -escribe title bloc"s and the contents that are typically included in them

•

/plain why templates are used, and the settings that are preset within them

Learning Objectives After completing this lesson you will be able to#

• Select a pro0ect template

• Set pro0ect units

• 1reate dimensions and te/t

• 1reate dimension and te/t styles

• -uplicate and modify !iews

• 2or" with sheets and !iewports

• 1reate a title bloc"

• 1reate labels• 1reate a pro0ect template

!ercise "nde!

/ercise ' Select a Template 3age 4

/ercise '& Set 5nits 3age

6esson 3lan 7 3ro0ect Standards and Setup 3 a g e 8 #

http://www.aia.org/http://www.aia.org/http://www.aias.org/http://www.aias.org/http://www.aia.org/


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/ercise '* odify a -imension Style 3age &

/ercise '+ 1reate a 9ew Sheet 3age +

/ercise ' 1reate a Title loc" 3age 4

/ercise ': Insert a Title loc" 3age &;

/ercise '; 1reate a Template 3age *'

Standards and $uilding Codes

About t%is lesson

6esson 3lan 7 3ro0ect Standards and Setup 3 a g e 8 &


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Architectural and construction design must follow rules and standards. The American Institute of Architects (AIA)establishes the rules for architectural drafting, defining the layers, colors, line types, and symbols to be used inarchitectural drafting. Visit the AIA website at www.aia.org .

The American Institute of Architecture Students (AIAS) is an organization for students interested in pursuing acareer in architecture. Visit the AIAS website at www.aias.org .

any cities and counties ha!e their own rules, based on the AIA standards, to ma"e it easier to chec" drawingsthat are being submitted to their planning departments. The rules dictate how drawing sheets should be numberedand what symbols, line types, colors, and so forth, should be used.

After completing this lesson, you will be able to#

• -escribe drawing units and how they are measured in drawings

• -escribe drawing scale and dimension styles

• Identify the different sheet sizes and how they should be named

• -escribe title bloc"s and the contents that are typically included in them

• /plain why templates are used, and the settings that are preset within them

'e( Terms

AIA attribute commercial

dimension dual notation imperial

label landscape layout

metric permanent dimensions plot

portrait ratio residential

scale sheet temporary dimensions

te/t title bloc" units

!iew

$uilding Codes

The Uniform Building Code establishes the rules for building design. The rules are meant to ensure that buildingsare safe for people. ost states ha!e their own building codes that ta"e into consideration en!ironmental andsocial issues specific to that state.

The 5niform uilding 1ode also defines what constitutes a bedroom, a bathroom, a common area (such as ali!ing room or family room), a garage, and so on.


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A good e/ample of a uilding 1ode rule applies to bedroom windows on an upper floor. ach bedroom or upperfloor room that is ad0acent to the e/terior must ha!e at least one window large enough to accommodate afirefighter with a bac"pac". If there is a fire, the firefighter must be able to get into the room easily to fight the fireand sa!e the people inside.

Drawing *nits

Architectural drawing, li"e mechanical drawing, uses a system of units to define the size of a structure and itscomponents# walls, doors, windows, and so on.

A unit is a particular physical =uantity, defined and adopted by con!ention, with which other particular =uantities of the same "ind are compared to e/press their !alue.

The !alue of a physical =uantity is the =uantitati!e e/pression of a particular physical =uantity as the product of anumber and a unit, the number being its numerical !alue. The numerical !alue of a particular physical =uantitydepends on the unit in which it is e/pressed.

:4 m > ft. ?ere h is the physical=uantity, its !alue is e/pressed in the unit meter, unit symbol m, is :4 m, and its numerical !alue when e/pressedin meters is :4. The !alue of h e/pressed in the unit foot, unit symbol ft., is ft., and its numerical !alue whene/pressed in feet is .

In architectural drafting, units are applied to dimensions. There are two basic types of dimensions# size andlocation. Size dimensions indicate the o!erall size of an ob0ect. 6ocation dimensions deal with the actualplacement of an ob0ect or structure.

any architects are beginning to draft using the metric system, also "nown as the International System of 5nits.?owe!er, in the 5nited States, the construction industry still uses the nglish, or imperial , system (inches andfeet) to order lumber, glass, and other materials.

Some architects deal with this by applying metric dimensions to those items they can control, such as room sizeand wall height, while noting the width of studs (& / +) and so forth, using imperial units. Another method is toapply dual notation. This means that e!ery dimension is shown using metric units and imperial units. anyarchitects in the 5nited States continue to use only imperial units, as they find this the easiest way tocommunicate with consultants and go!ernment agencies.

6esson 3lan 7 3ro0ect Standards and Setup 3 a g e 8 +


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Scale and Dimensions

ecause buildings are large, the !iews must be scaled in order for the entire building to be plotted on a sheet ofpaper.

Scales are ratios, one !alue representing another !alue. The format typically used for architectural scales is aninch !alue e=ual to one foot, for e/ample @B > CD'B. This is actually e=ual to #4: scale, because there areninetyDsi/ @ inches in a foot (& / ).

This means that if you plot a drawing at @B > C'B, e!erything in your drawing gets scaled down ninetyDsi/ timeswhen it is plotted. If you were to get a ruler out and measure the ob0ects on your drawing, e!ery @B wouldrepresent C.

%e!it accomplishes this automatically with a system of !iew scale, sheets, and !iewports.

In %e!it, dimension styles control the appearance of dimensions# font and te/t size, line weight and pattern, andthe size and shape of the tic" mar"s that define the measuring point. -imensions scale with other !iew contentswhen !iewports are placed on sheets for plotting.

6esson 3lan 7 3ro0ect Standards and Setup 3 a g e 8 ,


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S%eetsSheets in technical drafting can be different sizes. ach size is designated by a letter. ost offices define a titlebloc" for each sheet size used for their documentation.

6etter Size (Inches) A . E

E ;

1 ; E &&

- && E *+

An easy way to figure out what size sheet is designated by which letter is to start by "nowing that a standard D@&(?) / (2) sheet of paper is A.

ach letter size after this is 2 / &F? of the pre!ious size.

A B-size sheet of paper is (2) / .F& (?) > (2) / ; (?).

-*ST"O.: If your customer demands his documentation in -Dsize sheets, can you calculate the size of the

paperG DsizeG

(See the end of this section for the answer)

The AIA has se!eral recommended naming con!entions for sheets, and most architectural offices use a modified!ersion of the AIA standard.

3ro0ect drawing sheets are grouped by a sheetDtype prefi/ that identifies the discipline for each sheet#

S?T TH3

Prefi!es Discipline A Architectural

S Structural

echanical@?VA1

lectrical

3 3lumbing

<


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The prefi/ is followed by a number where the integer refers to the type of drawing, and a decimal refers to thedrawing order under the type.

The integers go from ' to 4.

"nteger Drawing T(pe' Inde/, symbols, notes

-emolition, site plan, temporary

& Schedules

* Sections, e/terior ele!ations

+


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Templates

A template is a master copy of a file used as a starting point to design new documents. A template may be assimple as a blan" document in the desired size and orientation, or as elaborate as a nearly complete design withplaceholder te/t, fonts, and graphics that need only a small amount of customization of te/t. Templates are usuallypreset with drawing units, drawing scales, annotation plot sizes, and layer standards. Jb0ect styles and displaycontrols can also be preset in a template.

Hou can use the templates that are installed with %e!it to begin a pro0ect, and then modify the settings in thedrawing and sa!e it as a template that you use as a future starting point.

ach building pro0ect must comply with a specific standard. The standard will be dictated by the type of building(residential or commercial) and the location of the pro0ect.

ecause different pro0ects and types of buildings re=uire different documentation drawings, you can createseparate template files that ha!e preset settings according to the corresponding pro0ects.

ost architectural firms create a template for each standard they need to meet.


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Hou can use one of the templates installed with %e!it to begin a pro0ect. %e!it comes with templatesusing imperial or metric units.

'e( Terms

dimension ele!ation mar"ers family

imperial label load

menu ob0ect pro0ect browser

properties sheet styles

template title bloc" !iew

!iew properties

!ercise: Select a Template

In this e/ercise, you create a new pro0ect file using atemplate. Hou access templates that are includedwith %e!it.

In %e!it, you use templates as starting points.Templates are empty files that are preset withdrawing units and !iews that you use in a typicalpro0ect. Templates also contain basic sets of ob0ectstyles and display controls specific to wor"ing withob0ects in %e!it.

5se one of the templates installed with %e!it andyou can get started on a pro0ect immediately.

The completed e/ercise

6esson 3lan 7 3ro0ect Standards and Setup 3 a g e 8 5


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Select a Template

#6 Jpen %e!it to an empty pro0ect file. Jn theapplication menu, clic" 9ew K 3ro0ect.

&6 In the 9ew 3ro0ect dialog bo/, clic" rowse.

)6 %e!it pro!ides you with a set of templatesspecific to different pro0ect types.

Arcitecture!

• A commercial building is a building used for

a business, factory, or store.

• A residential building is a singleDfamily

dwelling.

• 1ondominiums, apartments, and town

houses usually use commercial buildingtemplates.

Structure!•


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/6 Jn the application menu, clic" 1lose to closethis pro0ect without sa!ing.

In this e/ercise, you started a new pro0ect file usinga standard template.

!ercise: Set *nits

2ith %e!it templates, the drawing setup options arepreset. Hou can customize your template bychanging the drawing setup !alues. %e!it hastemplates for imperial (feet) and metric (millimeters)measurement.

In this e/ercise, you open an e/isting file and setthe units to be applied to the model. This e/erciseillustrates how you control the units in your drawing

model.

The 3ro0ect 5nits dialog

Set Project *nits

#6 Jpen file#ProjectStds8!ercise7&9rvt

The file opens to a *- !iew.

&6 In the 3ro0ect rowser, e/pand


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• 1lic"


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&6 Jn the Annotate tab, -imension panel, clic" Aligned.

Study the dimension options that appear onthe Jptions ar. y default, dimensions snap towall centerlines.

•Jn the 3roperties palette, clic" dit Type.

)6 In the Type 3roperties dialog bo/, clic"-uplicate.

+6


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36 The -imension tool is still acti!e. Select thetop, left, and bottom horizontal walls.

-rag the dimension to the left of the !iew.1lic" to place.

• 1lic" odify to end the command

46 Start the Aligned -imension command again.5se the Type Selector to ma"e 6inear thecurrent 6inear -imension Style. The -imensiontool stays acti!e.

• Select the far left, upper, and far right

!ertical walls

• -rag the dimension to the top of the !iew

• 1lic" to place the dimension

9ote the differences between the twodimension styles.

56 1lose the file without sa!ing.

In this e/ercise, you opened an e/isting file, createda new dimension style, and then applied permanentdimensions to walls.

!ercise: Create a .ew S%eet

In this e/ercise, you modify a !iew and place it on asheet in a pro0ect file.


Duplicate and odif( a Plan =iew

#6 Jpen file#ProjectStds8!ercise7+9rvt

The file opens to !iew


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+6 In the 3ro0ect rowser, rightDclic" loor Plan: Level #-oubleDclic" to open it.

Hou turn off the !isibility of all of the furnitureand electrical e=uipment within this !iew.

36 1lic" 3roperties palette K Visibility@Mraphics Kdit.

Hou can also enter the "eyboard shortcuts =? or ==.

46 In the View Visibility@Mraphics dialog bo/, set the


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Set Project "nformation

diting the 3ro0ect Information parameters enablesthe pro0ect information to be automatically passed tothe title bloc" on drawing sheets.

#76 Jn the anage tab, Settings panel, clic" 3ro0ectInformation.

The Instance 3roperties dialog bo/ displays with3ro0ect Information fields.

##6 In the Value column of 3ro0ect Address, clic"dit.

nter the address as shown.

Hou can also enter the address of your school.

• 1lic" JL

#&6 dit the remaining 3ro0ect Setting parametersusing the following information, or supply your own !alues#

• 1lic" JL

Add a S%eet

#)6 1lic" Sheets (all) in the 3ro0ect rowser. %ightDclic". 1lic" 9ew Sheet.

Hou can also clic" View tab K Sheet 1ompositionpanel K Sheet.

#+6 In the Select Titlebloc"s dialog bo/, highlightthe title bloc" displayed in the list.

(Title bloc"s are automatically embedded in thesheet size selected. The ne/t e/ercise teachesyou how to create a custom title bloc".)

• 1lic" JL.

6esson 3lan 7 3ro0ect Standards and Setup 3 a g e 8 #/


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#,6 The sheet appears in the 3ro0ect rowser and inthe graphics window.

• 1lic" the N (plus sign) to e/pand the Sheets

tree !iew

#/6 To edit the title bloc" properties and to modifythe !alues in the title bloc" fields#

• Select the title bloc".

• The 3roperties palette shows information

about the title bloc".

#36 In the Identity -ata and Jther sections, changethe following !alues#

• Sheet 9ame# Level # Plan

•

Sheet 9umber# A+97#• 1hec"ed y# Hour instructorCs name

• -esigned y# Hour first initial and last name

• Appro!ed y# Hour instructorCs name

• -rawn y# Hour first initial and last name

• 1lic" Apply

9otice the change to the title bloc".

The Scale is a readDonly !alue. It isautomatically filled in when you place your

!iews.

#46 Sa!e your progress, sa!e the file as#ProjectStds8!ercise7+8finis%ed9rvt

6esson 3lan 7 3ro0ect Standards and Setup 3 a g e 8 #3


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Add a =iew to t%e S%eet

#56 9e/t, you add the !iew


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&)6 The !iew updates on the sheet. 3lace the cursor o!er the edge of the !iewport and clic" to selectit. The cursor changes to a fourDheaded dragarrow.

-rag the !iewport to the center of the sheet.1lic" away from the !iewport to deselect it.


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&6 Select AD/..rft. 1lic" Jpen.

)6 A copy of the / . title bloc" templateopens. The template consists of lines

representing the paper border (minus printer margins).

+6 Jn the 1reate tab, -etail panel, clic" 6ine.

Jn the -raw panel, clic" the %ectangle

s"etching tool. Jn the Jptions ar, enter anJffset !alue of @#;&


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This places a !ertical line & @&B to the left of the right margin. Hou ha!e di!ided the pageoutline into two panels.

/6 To draw the ne/t lines#

• In the -raw pane, clic" the 6ine option

• Jn the Jptions ar, clear the 1hain option

• Jn the Jptions ar, set Jffset to '

• S"etch a line #;&


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#76


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Add Te!t to t%e Title $loc2

9e/t, you define new te/t styles to use in the titlebloc".

#,6 Jn the Te/t panel of the 1reate tab, clic" Te/t.

#/6 1lic" the Type Selector dropDdown arrow. Thereis only one te/t note type it is calledTe/t 9ote .

#36 1lic" dit Type to open the Te/t Type for modification.

#46 1lic" %ename. nter #;+


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&)6 Select -uplicate again.


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nter the address of your school. 3ress 9T%

to start a new line inside the te/t bo/.

&56 Hou s"etch three new lines abo!e the lower horizontal line that you added earlier in thee/ercise.

• 1lic" odify

• Jn the 1reate tab, -etail panel, clic" 6ine

•


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Add Labels

%e!it labels loo" li"e te/t but are smarter. 6abelsshow information assigned in file properties,ob0ect@entity properties, or by the user as a customproperty.

),6 Jn the 1reate tab, Te/t panel, clic" 6abel.

)/6 Jn the


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• 1hange the Te/t Size to #;4


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+46 Jn the application menu, clic" 1lose.

In this e/ercise, you created a title bloc" using atemplate file. Hou also created new te/t styles andlearned how to define and apply labels to a titlebloc".

!ercise: "nsert a Title $loc2

In this e/ercise, you create a new pro0ect file, andthen load a custom title bloc" into your pro0ect. Thise/ercise illustrates how to load custom title bloc"s.%e!it comes with se!eral standard title bloc"s foryour use.


"nsert a Title $loc2

#6 In the %ecent


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• 1lic" Jpen

+6 Hour title bloc" is now displayed in the list.

• ?ighlight the title bloc" and clic" JL.

,6 The title bloc" appears in the graphics window. A new sheet has been added and is the current!iew.

odif( t%e Title $loc2 0it%in a Project

/6 Select the title bloc".

36 Jn the 3roperties palette, edit the followingfields#

•


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• 1lic" JL

##6 1lic" Ooom to


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• Dimensions# -efine the loo" and size of

dimensions for the pro0ect.

• &emporary Dimensions# Set display and

placement of temporary dimensions.

• *b%ect Styles# -efine the display of components

in !arious !iews.

• )odifying +all &ypes# -efine custom wall types

for your pro0ect, in addition to predefined walltypes.


Create a Template

In this e/ercise, you create a new pro0ect file, andthen implement some of the s"ills you ha!e learnedin the pre!ious e/ercises to set up a template.

This e/ercise shows how to define a template for

use in future pro0ects.

#6 Jn the application menu, clic" 9ew K 3ro0ect.

&6 In the 9ew 3ro0ect dialog bo/, select 3ro0ectTemplate.

• 1lic" JL

)6 6oad the title bloc" you created in the pre!iouse/ercise to ma"e it part of this template file.

Jn the Insert tab, clic" 6oad


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36 Set %ounding to To the 9earest @+B.

• 1lic" JL

46 9e/t, create a -imension Style.Jn the Annotate tab, clic" -imension panel listK 6inear -imension Types.

Hou create a custom dimension style.

56 In the Type 3roperties dialog bo/, clic"-uplicate.

#76


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• 1lic" JL

#&6 1lic" -imension panel K Aligned. The newdimension style is displayed in the TypeSelector.

#)6 In the 3ro0ect rowser, select Sheets (All).%ightDclic". 1lic" 9ew Sheet.

#+6 Select the A D 6andscape title bloc" youpreloaded in Step +. 1lic" JL.

#,6 ?ighlight the Sheet name in your 3ro0ectrowser. Jn the 3roperties palette, enter your name in -rawn y and your teacherCs name in1hec"ed y.

#/6 The title bloc" updates.

• 1lic" JL

Hou ha!e now set up your template with adefault sheet title bloc", as well as dimension

6esson 3lan 7 3ro0ect Standards and Setup 3 a g e 8 ))


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style and units.

1hec" with your instructor to see if there areany other changes to be made in your template.

#36 Sa!e your pro0ect template in your class pro0ectfolder.

Sa!e the file name as A@nglis% template9rte.

Hou can use this template for future pro0ects.

In this e/ercise, you created a new template fileusing a dimension style, title bloc", and unitsthat you defined.

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