Lesson 6 Soil. Think About It… Can plants be grown in pure sand?
-
Upload
luke-eaton -
Category
Documents
-
view
218 -
download
0
Transcript of Lesson 6 Soil. Think About It… Can plants be grown in pure sand?
![Page 1: Lesson 6 Soil. Think About It… Can plants be grown in pure sand?](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062518/5697bf851a28abf838c873c5/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Lesson 6
Soil
![Page 2: Lesson 6 Soil. Think About It… Can plants be grown in pure sand?](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062518/5697bf851a28abf838c873c5/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Think About It…
Can plants be grown in pure sand?
![Page 3: Lesson 6 Soil. Think About It… Can plants be grown in pure sand?](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062518/5697bf851a28abf838c873c5/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Focus Question…
How does soil form and how can it be preserved?
![Page 4: Lesson 6 Soil. Think About It… Can plants be grown in pure sand?](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062518/5697bf851a28abf838c873c5/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Development of Soil…
1. What is the first step in soil formation? The weathering of rocks
Weathered rocks and the Koevals!
![Page 5: Lesson 6 Soil. Think About It… Can plants be grown in pure sand?](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062518/5697bf851a28abf838c873c5/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Development of Soil…Mosses and lichens are
called pioneer organisms because they are the first organisms to grow on rocks
![Page 6: Lesson 6 Soil. Think About It… Can plants be grown in pure sand?](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062518/5697bf851a28abf838c873c5/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Development of Soil…2. What is the second step in soil formation? the addition of humus (decaying organic matter)
![Page 7: Lesson 6 Soil. Think About It… Can plants be grown in pure sand?](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062518/5697bf851a28abf838c873c5/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Soil Profile – Draw this!1. A soil profile is a cross
section of soil.2. There are three major soil
horizons – A, B, and C.
a. Horizon A – top & darkest layer (high concentration of organic matter - humus)
b. Horizon B – subsoil enriched with clay minerals leached from the topsoil.
c. Horizon C – bottom layer (weathered rock)
![Page 8: Lesson 6 Soil. Think About It… Can plants be grown in pure sand?](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062518/5697bf851a28abf838c873c5/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Factors Affecting Soil Profiles
1. Topography (slope) of the land –
a.Soils on slopes tend to be thinner
b.soils in flat areas like valleys or plains are thicker
2. Age – older soils are thicker because they have had more time to develop.
3. Climate – See next few slides…
![Page 9: Lesson 6 Soil. Think About It… Can plants be grown in pure sand?](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062518/5697bf851a28abf838c873c5/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Climate Affects Soil: Tropical Soil
a. Tropical Soil…– Is intensely
weathered (and often infertile) soil because of …high temperatures and heavy rainfall
– Can only be farmed for a few years
http://www.clas.ufl.edu/users/azimmer/photogallery/PeruSciPhotos/ps5.JPG
![Page 10: Lesson 6 Soil. Think About It… Can plants be grown in pure sand?](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062518/5697bf851a28abf838c873c5/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Climate Affects Soil : Desert Soil
b. Desert soil…– Is light-colored
with a thin A horizon b/c…
–contains little or no organic matter b/c there is very little rain.
www.lpi.usra.edu/science/treiman/greatdesert/workshop/desertsoil/desertsoil_imgs/p7184692m.jpg
![Page 11: Lesson 6 Soil. Think About It… Can plants be grown in pure sand?](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062518/5697bf851a28abf838c873c5/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Cryptobiotic Crust – Don’t Bust the Crust!
http://helios.bto.ed.ac.uk/bto/microbes/bootcrus.jpg
http://www.gatewaytosedona.com/imagebin/gwsites/gwsedona/department/10/crust_300.jpg
![Page 12: Lesson 6 Soil. Think About It… Can plants be grown in pure sand?](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062518/5697bf851a28abf838c873c5/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Climate Affects Soil : Polar Soilc. Polar Soil has
permanently frozen soil (permafrost) b/co It forms at
high latitudes and elevations so it is always cold!
o Can not support the growth of trees (tundra)
![Page 13: Lesson 6 Soil. Think About It… Can plants be grown in pure sand?](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062518/5697bf851a28abf838c873c5/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Climate Affects Soil: Temperate Soild. Temperate soil is
rich and thick and very fertile because it forms in flat
areas over a long period of time
– Includes grasslands, forests, prairies
– Our grains are grown here!
•http://www.blueplanetbiomes.org/images/grasslands_lrg.jpg
![Page 14: Lesson 6 Soil. Think About It… Can plants be grown in pure sand?](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062518/5697bf851a28abf838c873c5/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Distribution of Soil Typeshttp://soils.ag.uidaho.edu/soilorders/i/worldorders.jpg
![Page 15: Lesson 6 Soil. Think About It… Can plants be grown in pure sand?](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062518/5697bf851a28abf838c873c5/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Soil Textures 1. Particles of soil are classified
by size.
2. The particles of soil are…
clay, silt, & sand.
3. What determines a soil’s texture
The relative proportions of these particles.
4. The texture of a soil affects
its capacity to absorb and retain water & support plant growth.
http://wps.prenhall.com/wps/media/objects/1411/1445480/FG12_15_wo_arrows.JPG
![Page 16: Lesson 6 Soil. Think About It… Can plants be grown in pure sand?](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062518/5697bf851a28abf838c873c5/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Soil Texture Triangle
![Page 17: Lesson 6 Soil. Think About It… Can plants be grown in pure sand?](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062518/5697bf851a28abf838c873c5/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Soil Fertility…1. Soil fertility is the measure of a
soil’s ability to grow plants.
2. Farmers use fertilizer to… replace nutrients & grow more food.
a. Inorganic fertilizer is made in factories.
b. There are 2 disadvantages:
1. requires energy to make it.
2. too expensive for poor farmers.
It is used in conventional farming
http://www.bdembjp.com/images/chittagongUrea.JPG
Fertilizer factory in Japan
![Page 18: Lesson 6 Soil. Think About It… Can plants be grown in pure sand?](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062518/5697bf851a28abf838c873c5/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
2b. Natural, Organic Fertilizer…
2b. Examples: compost (plants) and manure (animal waste)
The advantage of using organic fertilizers…
… adds humus and moisture to the soil
Manure-spreading Truck
![Page 19: Lesson 6 Soil. Think About It… Can plants be grown in pure sand?](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062518/5697bf851a28abf838c873c5/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Soil Fertility - Legumes 3. The planting of legumes
– peas, beans - and clover – allows bacteria to grow on plant roots and replace nitrates in the soil.
4. Nitrogen-fixing bacteria… get nitrogen (N) from the air and “fix” it into fertilizer.
Remember this for your lab!!
http://www.iger.bbsrc.ac.uk/Research/Departments/SEES/Teams/images/legume-roots.jpg
Note the nodules on the roots – these contain colonies of
nitrogen-fixing bacteria.
![Page 20: Lesson 6 Soil. Think About It… Can plants be grown in pure sand?](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062518/5697bf851a28abf838c873c5/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)