Leonardo Michelangelo Bramante Tintoretto Pontormo
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Transcript of Leonardo Michelangelo Bramante Tintoretto Pontormo
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Leonardo
Michelangelo
Bramante
Tintoretto
Pontormo
Know Your ItalianHigh Renaissance Artists…
Palladio
Raphael
Titian
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Mannerist Artists…
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Leonardo was the quintessential “Renaissance Man”, studying all types of subjects. He was an Artist, Sculptor, Architect, Scientist, Engineer and Inventor.
Worked as an apprentice to Verrocchio
Self-Portrait drawing, c1512.
Leonardo da VinciHIGH ITALIAN RENAISSANCE
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Leonardo Da Vinci, “Virgin of the Rocks” 1485. Oil on wood (transferred to canvas),
approx. 6’3” x 3’7”. Louvre Paris.
Triangular CompositionHIGH ITALIAN RENAISSANCE
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Excerpts from da Vinci’s NotebookHIGH ITALIAN RENAISSANCE
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Excerpts from da Vinci’s NotebookHIGH ITALIAN RENAISSANCE
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Excerpts from da Vinci’s NotebookHIGH ITALIAN RENAISSANCE
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Excerpts from da Vinci’s NotebookHIGH ITALIAN RENAISSANCE
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Excerpts from da Vinci’s NotebookHIGH ITALIAN RENAISSANCE
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Excerpts from da Vinci’s NotebookHIGH ITALIAN RENAISSANCE
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Despite it’s ruined state and its restorations, this piece is by far the most impressive of
Leonardo’s works. Christ and his 12 disciples are seated at a long table set parallel to the
picture plan in a simple, spacious room. Leonardo amplified the painting’s highly
dramatic action by placing the group in an austere setting.
Christ appears isolated from the disciples, framed by the window behind him. It serves as
a halo.
The artist took people out of his real life and used them as figures for his painting, but had
problems with Judas because he couldn’t find a significant figure for him. When he did finally
paint him, he portrayed him with his hand over a dish because of Christ’s foretelling that “he that dippeth his hand with me into the dish, he shall
betray me” refering to Judas’ betrayal. He is also leaning back from Christ and in a shadow.
Christ was the last to be painted.
Leonardo Da Vinci. “Last Supper” ca. 1495-1498. Fresco.
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Leonardo Da Vinci. “Last Supper” ca. 1495-1498. Fresco.
Divine THREEs: Trinity & Theological Virtues
Earthly FOURs: Elements & Cardinal Virtues
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HIGH ITALIAN RENAISSANCE Other Last Supper renditions
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HIGH ITALIAN RENAISSANCE Other Last Supper renditions
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HIGH ITALIAN RENAISSANCE Other Last Supper renditions
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HIGH ITALIAN RENAISSANCE Other Last Supper renditions
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Leonardo Da Vinci, “Mona Lisa” ca. 1503-1505.
Oil on wood, approx 2’6” x 1’9”. Louvre, Paris.
World’s most famous portrait. Leonardo took three years to
finish the portrait and it is said to be of Lisa di Antonio Maria
Gherardini, the wife of a wealthy Florentine. It was his favorite
piece – so much so that Leonardo kept it for years.
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Portrait of Mona Lisa Giaconda OR Self-Portrait of da Vinci?
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“Portrait of Ginerva Benci”, Oil on Wood, 1474-76. “Virgin of the Rocks”, 1485. Oil on wood..
Other Important works by da Vinci
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Michelangelo, David 1501-1504.
In 1501, the city of Florence asked Michelangelo to work a great block of
marble, called “The Giant,” left over from an earlier aborted mission.
From this stone, David was sculpted, the defiant hero of the Florentine republic and, in
so doing, assured his reputation then and now as an extraordinary talent.
David’s formal references to classical antiquity appealed to Julius II, who
associated himself with humanists and with Roman emperors. Thus, this sculpture and
the fame that accrued to Michelangelo on its completion called the artist to the pope’s
attention, leading to major papal commissions.
The artist chose to depict David not after victory, but turning his head to his left,
sternly watchful of the approaching foe. His whole muscular body, as well as his face, is
tense with gathering power.
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Michelangelo, DavidGalleria dell’Academia, Florence, Italy 1501-1504
Michelangelo worked for the Medici family in Florence
Claimed to have taught himself to carve marble by studying the Medici collection of classical statues
HIGH ITALIAN RENAISSANCE Michelangelo, David 1501-1504.
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It’s a larger than life sculpture, the height of David reaches over 13 feet tall. It’s also sculpted in
perspective (top heavy), so if viewed from below the figure looks proportional. Contrapposto or a
weight shift is also apparent in this sculpture.
HIGH ITALIAN RENAISSANCE Michelangelo, David 1501-1504.
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Exterior of Sistine ChapelHIGH ITALIAN RENAISSANCE
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Pope Julius II gave the reluctant Michelangelo the commission to paint the
ceiling of the Sistine Chapel.
Michelangelo faced enormous difficulties: relative inexperience in fresco technique,
large dimensions, height above pavement, and perspective.
Depicting the most august themes of all, the Creation, Fall, and Redemption of
humanity, Michelangelo spread a colossal decorative theme with over 300 figures.
A long sequence of narrative panels describing the creation, as recorded in the
biblical book Genesis, runs along the crown of the vault.
The hebrew prophets who foretold the coming of Christ appear seated in large
thrones on both sides of the central row.
Michelangelo, Ceiling of the Sistine Chapel, 1508-12
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Michelangelo, Ceiling of the Sistine Chapel, Rome, 1508-1512
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Michelangelo, Ceiling of the Sistine Chapel, Rome, 1508-1512
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Michelangelo, Ceiling of the Sistine Chapel, Rome, 1508-1512
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MichelangeloCeiling of the
Sistine ChapelRome, Italy 1508-1512
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MichelangeloThe Last Judgment
FrescoSistine Chapel, Italy
1541.
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Biago da Cesena(the Pope’s Master of Ceremonies)
painted as Minos, Ruler of Hell
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When the Pope's own Master of Ceremonies Biagio da Cesena said "it
was mostly disgraceful that in so sacred a place there should have been depicted all those nude figures, exposing themselves so shamefully, and that it was no work for
a papal chapel but rather for the public baths and taverns,“ Michelangelo worked da Cesena's semblance into the scene as
Minos, judge of the underworld. It is said that when he complained to the Pope, the
pontiff responded that his jurisdiction did not extend to hell, so the portrait would
have to remain.
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HIGH ITALIAN RENAISSANCE Tomb of Pope Julius II
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Michelangelo, Moses 1513-1515
Commissioned by Pope Julius II as part of his immense tomb, (which was never completed as planned…Julius used more funds to the building of St. Peter’s)
Horns on head were traditionally meant to be divine, but scripture may have meant that Moses was “radiant”, not “horned”.
Inspired by Greek Hellenistic sculpture Laocoon & Sons
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HIGH ITALIAN RENAISSANCE Michelangelo, Pietà, c1500, Marble, 5’8.5”.
A Pietà is the Virgin Mary holding and mourning dead Christ
Italian for “compassion”
Popular in Northern Europe, but rare in Italy
Made by Michelangelo when he was 24
Only major work that has Michelangelo’s signature on it (on the strap across her chest)
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Latin for “Michelangelo Buonarroti Made This”
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The marble sculpture is encased in bullet-proof glass
inside St. Peter’s in Rome.
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Bramante, Tempietto, 1505.
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Shortly after Bramante left Milan for Rome, he received a
commission from King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella of Spain to build a small shrine
to mark the site of St. Peter’s crucifixion. Bramante chose to
design a circular temple. The Tempietto (or “little temple”)
captures Classical Roman ideals: a circular cella and
simple mathematical ratios.
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Bramante, Tempietto, 1505.
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Sixteen Doric columns surround the cella. The
distance between the columns is four times their
diameter.
Layout of Bramante’s Tempietto
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Bramante, Tempietto, 1505.
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Sixteen Doric columns surround the cella. The
distance between the columns is four times their
diameter.
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1506
1514
1546
Bramante designs a Greek-Cross plan for a new St. Peter’s to replace the old church.
Bramante dies, and the building of the church is put on hold for over 30 years.
Michelangelo becomes Chief Architect for the building of St. Peter’s… built up to the dome.
A Brief History ofSt. Peter’s in Rome…
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1630 Painting of St. Peter’sHIGH ITALIAN RENAISSANCE
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HIGH ITALIAN RENAISSANCE St. Peter’s at Night
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Vatican guards at St. Peter’s are always Swiss
and still wear the traditional uniforms
originally designed by Michelangelo!
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Palladio, Villa Rotunda, 1566, HIGH ITALIAN RENAISSANCE
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From Palladio’sFour Books of Architecture
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