Lecture 1_Management as a Social Management Control

8/3/2019 Lecture 1_Management as a Social Management Control

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"Management as a social

management control


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Basic questions of lecture:

1.Management as a system.

2.The concept of management, its nature and

characteristic features.3.Goals and objectives of management.

4. Subject of course, its structure, goals and

objectives. Connection of course with otherdisciplines.


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Management is:

the process of coordinating and

integrating work activities so that they

are completed efficiently and effectivelywith and through other people;


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Management functions and management

process as detailed below: Planning: determining organizational goals and

the means for achieving them

Organizing: deciding where decisions will bemade, who will do what jobs and tasks, and whowill work for whom

Leading: inspiring and motivating workers to

work hard to achieve organizational goals Controlling: monitoring progress towards goal

achievement and taking corrective action whenneeded


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Good managers are those who assure

themselves to perform these functions wellI. New-style or 21st century managers are

changing the way they perform these functions, thinkingof themselves more like mentors, coaches, team leaders,

or internal consultants.II. They work with anyone who can help them

accomplish their goals rather than only following thechain of command. They ask others to participate in

making decisions and share information with others. III. New-style managers perform four functions that

have evolved out of the traditional functions: makingthings happen; meeting the competition; organizingpeople, projects, and processes; and leading.


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THE CONCEPT OF MANAGEMENT,

ITS NATURE AND CHARACTERISTIC

FEATURES


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The main concepts of management are as

follows:

Functional Concept:

According to this concept 'management is what a manager

does'. The man followers of this concept are Louis Allen,George R. Terry, Henry Fayol, E.F.L. Brech, James L.

Lundy, Koontz and O. Donnel, G.E Milward, mcfarland

etc.


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The functional concept as given by some of the

authors is given below:

I. Louis Allen, "Management is what a manager does."II. James L. Lundy, " Management is principally the task of planning,

coordinating, motivating and controlling the effort of others towardsa specific objective. Management is what management does. It is thetask of planning, executing and controlling."

III. George R. Terry, "Management is a distinct process consisting ofplanning, organizing, activating and controlling performed todetermine and accomplish the objective by the use of human beingsand other resources."

IV. Howard M. Carlisle, "Management is defined as the process bywhich the elements of a group are integrated, coordinated and/orutilized so as to effectively and efficiently achieve organizationalobjectives."

V. Henry Fayol, "To manage is to forecast, and plan, to organize, to

command, to coordinate and to control."


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'Getting Things Done Through Others'

Concept:According to this concept, 'Management is the art of getting

things done through others'. It is very narrow and traditional

concept of management.The followers of this concept are Koontz and O Donnell,

Mooney and Railey, Lawrence A. Appley, S. George, Mary

Parker Follet etc. Under this concept, the workers are

treated as a factor of production only and the work of themanager is confined to taking work from the workers. He

need not do any work himself. Modern management experts

do not agree with this concept of management.


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Leadership and Decision-making Concept:

According to this concept, "management is anart and science of decision-making and

leadership." Most of the time of managers isconsumed in taking decisions. Achievement ofobjects depends on the quality of decisions.Similarly, production and productivity both

can be increased by efficient leadership only.Leadership provides efficiency, coordinationand continuity in an organization.


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Productivity Concept:

According to this concept, "management is an art

of increasing productivity."

Economists treat management as an importantfactor of production. According to them,

"Management is also a factor of production like

land, labor, capital and enterprise." The main

followers of this concept of management are John

F. Mee, Marry Cushing Niles, F.W. Taylor etc.


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Universality Concept:

According to this concept, "Management is

universal". Management is universal in the

sense that it is applicable anywhere whethersocial, religious or business and industrial.

The followers of this concept are Henry

Fayol, Lawrence A. Appley, F.W. Taylor,Theo Haimann etc.


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GOALS AND OBJECTIVES OF

MANAGEMENT


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The main objectives of management are:

Getting Maximum Results with Minimum Efforts - The

main objective of management is to secure maximumoutputs with minimum efforts & resources. Management isbasically concerned with thinking & utilizing human,material & financial resources in such a manner that would

result in best combination. This combination results inreduction of various costs.

Increasing the Efficiency of factors of Production - Through

proper utilization of various factors of production, theirefficiency can be increased to a great extent which can beobtained by reducing spoilage, wastages and breakage of allkinds, this in turn leads to saving of time, effort and money

which is essential for the growth & prosperity of theenterprise.


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Maximum Prosperity for Employer & Employees -Management ensures smooth and coordinated functioning

of the enterprise. This in turn helps in providing

maximum benefits to the employee in the shape of good

working condition, suitable wage system, incentive plans

on the one hand and higher profits to the employer on the

other hand.

Human betterment & Social Justice - Management serves

as a tool for the upliftment as well as betterment of the

society. Through increased productivity & employment,

management ensures better standards of living for the

society. It provides justice through its uniform policies.


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Nature of management can be

highlighted as:Management is Goal-Oriented: The success of anymanagement activity is accessed by its achievement of thepredetermined goals or objective. Management is apurposeful activity. It is a tool which helps use of human &physical resources to fulfill the pre-determined goals.

Management integrates Human, Physical and FinancialResources: In an organization, human beings work withnon-human resources like machines. Materials, financialassets, buildings etc. Management integrates human effortsto those resources. It brings harmony among the human,physical and financial resources.


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Management is Continuous: Management is an ongoingprocess. It involves continuous handling of problems andissues. It is concerned with identifying the problem and

taking appropriate steps to solve it. E.g. the target of acompany is maximum production.

Management is all Pervasive: Management is required in alltypes of organizations whether it is political, social,

cultural or business because it helps and directs variousefforts towards a definite purpose. Thus clubs, hospitals,political parties, colleges, hospitals, business firms allrequire management.

Management is a Group Activity: Management is verymuch less concerned with individuals efforts. It is more

concerned with groups. It involves the use of group effortto achieve predetermined goal.


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SUBJECT OF COURSE, ITS

STRUCTURE, GOALS AND

OBJECTIVES.

CONNECTION OF COURSE

WITH OTHER DISCIPLINES.


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Why Study Management?

Management is important for our society, industry and

government organizations. The importance of studying

management can be explained by looking at the way we

interact with organizations every day in our lives. Every

product we use, every service we receive, and every

action we take is provided or affected by organizations.

These organizations require managers. Modernmanagement ensures to create competitive advantage

through People.

Lecture 1_Management as a Social Management Control

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