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2009

Digital DesignLecture 1: Course OverviewSpring 2010

Xuan-Tu Tran, PhD

Faculty of Electronics and Telecommunication

Smart Integrated Systems (SIS) Laboratory

College of Technology (Coltech), VNU Hanoi

Email: tutx@vnu.edu.vn

www.coltech.vnu.vn/~tutx

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General Information

� Lecturer� Xuan-Tu Tran, PhD

� Office: Room 314, Building G2 (by appointment)

� Tel.: +84-4-3754 9664 (Office) OR +84-9-0401 9977 (Mobile)

� Email: tutx@vnu.edu.vn

� Home page: http://www.coltech.vnu.edu.vn/~tutx

� Course Web Page� Link from my page (not yet)

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Course Objectives

� Students should be able to…

� Digital system analysis

� Numbering systems, Boolean Algebra (conversion, calculation)

� Design, analyze combinational circuits (adders, multiplexers…)

� Design, analyze sequential circuits (flip-flops, registers, counters,

FSM…)

� Build their own projects and report related matters

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Course outline

� Introduction to Digital Systems

� Numbering Systems

� Boolean and Switching Algebra

� Combinational Circuits

� Sequential Circuits

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Administrative Details

� Grading� Take-Home Entry Exam 0%

� Project Exams 50%� Final Exam (writing) 50%

� Students have to be present: � at least 70% of the course meetings

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Administration

� Text books� Digital Design Fundamentals

� By Kenneth J. Breeding, 2nd Ed., Prentice Hall, 1992

� Available at the Smart Integrated Systems Laboratory

� References� Wai-Kai Cheng (Editor). Logic Design. CRC Press,

ISBN: 0-8493-1734-7, 2003.

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Introduction to Digital Systems

� What is a digital system?

� Why are digital systems so pervasive ( to be present

everywhere)?

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Microelectronics / VLSI Circuits Design

� Why is Microelectronics / VLSI Circuits Design impo rtant?

� Integrated Circuits (ICs) can be found in any applications

� High income 33 973M US$

20 137M US$

8 137M US$

[LaPedus - EETimes]

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Examples

WiFi routers(Communication)

VLSI Systems(Systems-on-Chip)

Digital TVs(Multimedia)

MP3 Players(Multimedia)

Mobile phone(Telecoms, Multimedia) Washing machine

(Customer Electronics)

Automobile applications

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- What is a digital system?

� A system that processes discrete information

� Discrete entities may represent anything

� from simple arithmetic integers, letters of the alphabet, or other abstract

symbols … to values for a voltage, a pressure, or any other physical

quantities.

� What these entities represent is not important in processing of the

information.

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- What is a digital system?

“A digital system is one that accepts as input digital information

representing numbers, symbols, or physical quantities,

processes this input information in some specific manner,

and produces a digital output.”

Digital SystemDigital SystemDigitalinputs

Digitaloutputs

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- What is a digital system? (cont’.)

� Computer applications� The computer is required to process information related to physical

quantities (pressure or temperature).

� Physical quantities & computer

Computer Nature : physical quantities

Discrete (digital) quantities Continuous variables (analog quantities)

Nature(analog)

Nature(analog)

??? ???

Computer (digital)

Physical quantities must be converted to a digital f orm !!!

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- What is a digital system? (cont’.)

� Thermocouple in an analog system

How does this thermocouple be used in a digital sys tem?

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- What is a digital system?

� Converting a physical quantity to a digital form� Physical quantity � voltage/current (by a transducer)

(coming energy in one form to going energy in another form)� Ex.: thermocouple (temperature transducer)

� Output voltage is proportional to the temperature

� Voltage/Current � Digital form (by an analog-to-digital converter)

ADCADC ComputerComputer DACDACAnalog

quantities(voltage, current…)

Analogquantities

(voltage, current…)

(‘0’ & ‘1’)

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Parallel-comparator ADC converter

� 2-bit parallel-comparator ADC use 3 parallel

comparators

� Use resistors to divide voltage in order to

provide reference voltages to comparators

� Full-scale voltage equals V Max (the voltage

at the top resistor)

� Incoming voltage is provided to non-invert

input of comparators

� Outgoing value at the output of a

comparator gets ‘high’ when its incoming

voltage is higher than its reference voltageEx.: VIN = 2.6 Volt �

A3: Low

A2: High

A1: High

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Examples

� Monitoring the environment for the developer used o n a

photographic processing lab

� We must to measure the temperature of the developer

� Then, use the results to turn on/off a heating element

Photographicprocessing

Lab

Photographicprocessing

Lab

H2

H1

SS

SSMonitoring & Control

System

SensorsHeater

Heater

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Examples (cont’.)

� ATM (Automatic Teller Machine)

� We must to measure the temperature of the environment surrounding

ATMs

� Then, use the results to turn on/off air-conditioners

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- Why are digital systems so pervasive?

� Flexibility

� Reliability

� Cost