Styles of leadershipBy: Endrita Isaj and Alisha Esteves

What is a Leader? The person who leads

or commands a group, organization or country

Has a vision and leads the group towards a common goal that needs to be achieved (Cherry)

Styles of Leadership

Autocratic Democratic Laissez-faire

Autocratic Leaders Characterized by individual control

over all decisions and little input from group members

Provide clear expectations for what needs to be done, when it should be done, and how it should be done.

Best applied to situations where there is little time for group decision-making or where the leader is the most knowledgeable member of the group (Cherry)

Example: Hitler

Hitler was an autocratic leader because nobody had a say in what happened and they couldn’t speak out against his regime or they’d be killed

Autocratic Leaders: Effects on Teams

Positive Negative

-Helps New Members by teaching them how to perform a task so they have a set of clear expectations-allows knowledgeable members to direct new members in terms of appropriate behavior until the new members are capable of making decisions on their own (Slusher)

-decision making is less creative -doesn’t develop good relationships between group members-lessened commitment: the leader takes credit for all the success-high stress: members feel stressed due to high expectations and a low feeling of worth (Slusher)

Democratic Leaders Generally the most effective leadership

style Offer guidance to group members, but

they also participate in the group and allow input from other group members

Encourage group members to participate, but retain the final say over the decision-making process.

Members in this group were less productive than the members of the authoritarian group, but their contributions were of a much higher quality(Cherry).

Example: Barack Obama

Obama is a democratic leader because the elected members of government have a say just as much as he does

Democratic Leaders: Effects on Teams

Positive Negative

-inspires better creativity, cooperation, motivation and communication among employees. -invites workers to discuss the factors that will influence a particular decision, workers have a better understanding of the reasoning behind the decisions that are made.-Workers are more committed to their group’s goal because they feel that their input has importance-Democratic leaders often work with their employees to set workable goals rather than dictating what might be unobtainable goals. (Webster)

-not a lot of work may be accomplished due to the amount of time spent on discussion (Webster)

Laissez-faire Least productive of all three

groups Offer little or no guidance to

group members and leave decision-making up to group members. (Cherry)

Ghandi was a laissez-faire leader because he encouraged peaceful protesting and he didn’t direct the group, they all came together to work towards a common goal

Laissez-faire: Effects on Teams

Positive Negative

-While this style can be effective in situations where group members are highly qualified in an area of expertise (Cherry)

-It often leads to poorly defined roles and a lack of motivation. -More demands on the leader-Little cooperation and were unable to work independently (Cherry)

ScenariosYou’re in a company meeting and the leader is talking about ways to achieve their goals.1) What would an autocratic leader do?2) What would a democratic leader do?3) What would a laissez-faire leader do?

Scenarios: Autocratic The autocratic would

not consult the rest of the team and set their own goals and assume that the group members would achieve them up to their expectations

Scenarios: Democratic A democratic leader

would discuss with the group members, goals that would be obtainable. An example of these are the SMART goals - specific, measurable, achievable, relevant and timely.

Scenarios: Laissez-faire Would not set long

term goals for the group to achieve and allow members to work at their own pace and independently

Leadership in Teaching

Teaching

Autocratic Democratic Laissez-faire

Teaching: AutocraticEffective Not Effective

-Works best in applied classrooms, where students are pushed and motivated by their teachers to do their best

-In a class where students are to work independently (ex. This Peer Tutoring class)-In an Academic class where students can take responsibility and initiative for their own learning-Doesn’t prepare students for University-Not an encouraging learning environment

Teaching: DemocraticEffective Not Effective

-Mutual cooperation between a teacher and a student-Would work best in both applied and academic classrooms-Creative groups such as art and drama classes-Makes students feel involved in their own learning and helps to develop their people skills

-In cases where students are a bit shy and afraid to speak up, prefer to work independently (ex. ESL class)

Teaching: Laissez-faireEffective Not Effective

-In IB classrooms where students are committed to developing learning skills and working independently-Online learning classes

-Applied classes-Elementary school

Leadership in Parenting

Parenting

Autocratic Democratic Laissez-faire

Parenting: AutocraticEffective Not Effective

-When you have rowdy children-Young children-Need to instill discipline at a young age

-When the children are old enough to make their own choices and decisions-Can seem oppressive and untrusting-Would effect the child’s confidence and relationship between the child and the parents

Parenting: DemocraticEffective Not Effective

-Gives your child more freedom to develop their own choices and morals-Learn how to be more independent while still being guided

-When children are very young and don’t have the common sense to make rational decisions

Parenting: Laissez-faireEffective Not Effective

-When teenagers are above the age of 18 and head off to University/College

-In children ages 0-17 when children need their parents to instill good morals and shape them to be responsible, young adults

Leadership in Managing

Managing

Autocratic Democratic Laissez-faire

Managing: AutocraticEffective Not Effective

-In businesses/companies where the tasks are more independent (ex. Construction Companies)-Certain decisions, such as those that affect worker safety, should be handled by experts and should not be open to discussion

-In work places where work involves everyone’s input and decisions are influenced by the whole group (ex. Magazine company)

Managing: DemocraticEffective Not Effective

-In work places where work involves everyone’s input and decisions are influenced by the whole group (ex. Magazine company)

-Where the leader is the expert in that field and they don’t need the input of their co-workers

Managing: Laissez-faireEffective Not Effective

-If the leader monitors what is being achieved and communicates this back to the team regularly-When individual team members are very experienced and skilled self-starters

-When time is limited and there are urgent deadlines to meet-Need someone to take charge and the workplace requires direction

Leadership vs. ManagementLeadership Similar Management

-an original-a leader innovates and develops-a leader has a long-range perspective-a leader challenges the status-quo (Prussakov)-Leadership is setting a new direction or vision for a group that they work with (TeamTech)

-involve influence, working with people, concern about effective goal accomplishment (TeamTech)

-a copy-a manager maintains-a manager has a short range view-accepts the status-quo (Prussakov)-controls or directs people/resources in a group according to principle or values that have already been established (TeamTech)

Video http://www.youtube.com/watch?

v=tXpbRQGgw_A