LEADERSHIP STYLES

Leadership stylesAutocraticBureaucraticCoerciveTransactional TransformationalPersonalImpersonalFunctionalPeople/relationship orientedTask orientedServant leadershipSituational leadership

AUTOCRATIC(Authoritarian)Manager retains power(classical approach)Manager is decision making authorityManager does not consult to the employees for

inputSubordinates expected to obey orders without

explanationsMotivation provided through structured

rewards and punishmentsIt is a one way traffic.Exercises complete control over his

subordinates.

When to use autocratic?New untrained employeesEmployees are motivatedEmployees don’t respond to any other leadership

styleHigh volume production needsLimited time for decision makingManagers power is challenged by an employeeWhen required quick decisionsUnder the condition of stress and emergency and

when variation cannot this style yield positive results.

BureaucraticManager manages “by the book¨

Everything must be done according to procedure or policy

If it isn’t covered by the book, the manager refers to the next level above him or her

Police officer more than leader

When to use BureaucraticPerforming routine tasks

Use of dangerous or delicate equipment

Safety or security training being conducted

Tasks that require handling cash

CoercivePower from a person’s authority to punish

Most obvious types of power a leader has.

Good leaders use coercive power only as a last resort: In today’s sophisticated and complex

workplace, excessive use of coercive power unleashes unpredictable and destabilizing forces which can ultimately undermine the leader using it.

When to use CoerciveTo meet very short term goals

When left with no other choice

In times of crisis

TransactionalMotivate followers by appealing to their own self-interest

Motivate by the exchange process. EX: business owners exchange status and wages for the work

effort of the employee.

Focuses on the accomplishment of tasks & good worker relationships in exchange for desirable rewards.

Encourage leader to adapt their style and behavior to meet expectations of followers

Leader has the right to punish team member if their work does not meet the pre-determined standard.

When to use TransactionalLeader wants to be in controlWhen there are approaching deadlines that

must be metRelationship is short term

TransformationalCharismatic and visionary

Inspire followers to transcend their self-interest for the organization

Inspire followers to think about problems in new or different ways

Common strategies used to influence followers include vision and framing

Transformational cont.Instils feelings of confidence, admiration and

commitment Stimulates followers intellectually, arousing

them to develop new ways to think about problems.

Uses contingent rewards to positively reinforce desirable performances

Flexible and innovative.

When to use Transformational

When leaders want members to be an active part of the organization and have ownership to it

When leaders are building a sense of purpose

When the organization has a long term plan

When people need to be motivated

Personal leadershipExercised through the influence of

personalityof personal contacts.Direction anEnforced by means d motivation

are given personally.A effective leadership style because of the

personal contacts.Easy to administer.

Impersonal leadershipExercised through subordinates of the leader

or by non personal media such as written instructions order, policies, plans, oaths,pledges,creed and so on.

Because of lack of contact between the leader and his followers, much of the influence is lost in transit.

Functional leadershipHere the leader posses specialized

knowledge and skill and renders expert advice.

In this style group follows the leader as it believes that the advice will help and guide them in difficult and complicated situations, because of the technical knowledge, and specialized skill he posses.

People/relations oriented leadershipHere the leader is totally focused on

organizing supporting and developing the people in the leader’s team.

It is a participative style.It tends to lead to good teamwork and

creative collaboration.

Task orinted leadershipFocuses only on the getting the jobs done.It is a form of autocratic style.The leader actively define the work and the

roles required, put structures in place, plan, organize and monitor.

Servant leadership

When someone at any level within an organization leads simply by virtue of meeting the needs of his or her team.

It is a form of democratic leadership .Here the whole team tends to be involved in

decision making.

Situational styleIt is based on the principle that there is no

one right way to lead or manage that suits all situations.

To choose the most effective approach we must consider: The skill levels and experience of the members

of the team. The work involved. The organizational environment.