REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

Studies rely on information researched by the

proponents.

Review of Related Literature

In exploration, we find new techniques, new

knowledge, even develop new substances,

gadgets, equipment, processes or procedures,

imagination and skill is employed by the

researcher. The commodities, new devices,

services, in technology are needs of man for a

better fuller life which is the concern of the

research. These useful arts are the products of

the technological environment and the end-user is

society in general. The excerpt was stated by

Josefina Estolas in the book Fundamentals of

Research (1995).

Science and technology are essential for national

development and progress. The State shall give

priority to research and development, invention,

and their utilization, and to science and

technology education according to the 1987

Philippine Constitution (Article XIV, Section 10).

Since computer power was the critical resource,

efficiency of processing became the main goal.

Emphasis was placed on automating existing

process such as purchasing or paying, often within

single department as indicated by Jeffrey A.

Hofer on Modern System Analysis and Design

(1996).

A major purpose of a database system is to

provide users with an abstract view of data. That

is the system hides certain details of how the

data are stored and maintained as stated by

Abraham Silberschatz, Database System Concepts

(1999).

A database is an organized collection of facts and

information. An organizations database can

contain facts and information on customers,

employees, inventory, competitors, sales

information and much more. Most Managers and

executive believe a database is one of the most

valuable and important parts of a computer-based

Information System in accordance with Ralph M.

Stair’s Fundamentals of Information System

(2001).

Initially, all processing was performed on

mainframe using a batch approach. Time-sharing

was an improvement, but the concept of

distributed processing with minicomputers was a

quantum leap in computer affordability and

convenience. Many companies are replacing their

mainframes and minicomputers with minicomputers

and LAN as indicated in Understanding Local Area

Networks by Neil Jenkins (1995).

The biggest asset of companies today is their

information–represented by people, experience,

know-how, innovations and for a market operator

to be able to compete, he or she must have a

strong information infrastructure, at the heart

of which lies the information technology

infrastructure. Thus the study of information

systems focuses on why and how technology can be

put into best use to serve the information flow

within an organization as stated in the URL

address: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/

Information_System#Applications_of_information_systems.

The introduction of automated systems have had a

huge effect on the world we live in over the last

30 years. Many jobs that your grandparents would

have done are now done by automated systems as

http://

www.gordonschools.aberdeenshire.sch.uk/

Departments/Computing/StandardGrade/

AutoSysWeb/9Implications.htm indicates.

Review of Related Studies

In our society today, computers are the most

widely used tool in performing task and jobs.

Computers not only provide entertainment but it

is also used in different roles which is important

to our company. Computers are found in every

part of the society like schools, businesses,

entertainment, etc. Modern times require

computer because of its capabilities, which is

necessary for our jobs. Computers have become a

necessary in our life because it makes man’s job

easier and faster than manual work. Computers’

capabilities in accomplishing tasks for the user

make it a valuable tool in our daily life according

to Ronald Vilaga and Piere Conde form the study

“Enrollment System for GEN3 Computer Education.

With today’s technological advancements,

automation plays an essential role on business

industries. Implementing automation in business

ensures employees working more productively

because the most efficient business has an

incentive to embrace technologies that make them

more prolific as stated by Gabriel G. Martinez III

on Automated Payroll and Timekeeping System

with the use of Barcode-based ID for Snowdown

Garments Philippines Inc. (2003).

Computer may help the processing of time keeping

system for easy computation of salary, easy

retrieval and access of data of every employee

according to Ryan Jay D. Corsino’s study entitled

“Computerized Human Resources and Payroll

System of R & B Garments (2003).

Payroll System is a business-critical operation for

every organization wherein people must be paid

accurately and on time to get a satisfactory rate

of work. Thereby gaining more profit on the

company’s side. Since it involves larger human

resources, it is in turn part of an overall business

organization and in turn part of a larger economic

system as indicated by Jesse Macul, Automated

Payroll System of American Jeans & Sportswear

Incorporated (2007).

More companies are using computers for easier,

more accurate, lighter and faster operations of

their daily routines. Computerization of the

manual systems will be a big solution for these

routines. Monitoring and payroll system is one

extremely important component of many

businesses that needs to be computerized to have

more accurate, less time consuming and efficient

results as in line with the statement of Jenilyn Z.

Cruz in her unpublished study entitled

“Monitoring and Payroll System of Martialia Shoes

Factory” (2003).

Data communications like LAN is a way of speeding

up data transmissions within a building. Instead

of walking back and forth in relaying the

information from one station to other, we use

computers having a LAN-connection to relay

information, as stated by Christelle Castro and

Katrina Gaite in their study named “LAN-Based

Inventory and Sales Management for Normiely

Shoes” (2003).

A LAN allows multiple devices (computers,

printers, servers, and many more) to SHARE a

common physical communication path. Example:

you have a small office with 5 computers, a

printer, and an internet connection. The LAN will

allow all of the computers to have access to the

printer and internet, as well as sharing files

between themselves. If there was no LAN, they

are like computers sitting in the middle of the

desert and only able to print if a printer was

directly connected to it, as posted on November 5,

2008 by a Yahoo! answers user in the URL address:

http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?

qid=20061110053530AASM3v.

Automated systems have proven to be extremely

beneficial for identifying problems, defining the

causes, and understanding the characteristic

behavior of a dam in ways that were previously

not possible with manually monitored systems as

stated in http://www.usace.army.mil/

publications/eng-manuals/em1110-2-2300/a-

d.pdf, November 6, 2008.

The local area network (LAN) has evolved into a

high-speed, fault tolerant data network supplying

connectivity to groups of computers, printers, and

other devices in close proximity to each other.

Today’s LAN offers users many advantages,

including high-speed access to devices and

applications, the convergence of voice, video and

data with IP telephony, and mission critical

communication between users via electronic mail

and other applications, according to Steve Lohr,

on URL http://www.nytimes.com/2008/11/06/

technology/business/computing/06blue.html?

_r=1&ref=technology&oref=slogin (November 4,

2008).

Thinking about finally updating to an automated

payroll system? The decision should be easy;

automated payroll is simple compared to manual

data collection and processing. But if you’re still

not convinced, take a look at just seven of the

many ways automation can make payroll easier for

your staff and employees and less costly for your

company, in line with the statement of John

Markoff’s BUSINESS TECHNOLOGY; Soon: Faster

and Wiser Networks, an article in New York Times

(1991).

Synthesis

The world today is relying more on computers

because computers are now more useful.

Businesses are taking the world of automated

systems which makes the company’s work easier

and faster. Automated systems are also used for

easy storage and retrieval of data.

Local Area Network (LAN) is a connection of

interrelated computers within a small building or

establishment. Most automated systems use LAN-

Based technology to relay information needed

within the company.

Database is the storage of information of the

company such as employee’s information. The

database plays an important role not only in the

system but also to the whole company. The

company rely its information on the database.

The study will base on the related literatures and

studies gathered. The proponents will develop an

Automated Payroll System using Card Swipe for

BBSI-CA to minimize their work on computation

for salary and the log in and log out of every

employee will be easier just using the card swipe.

Share the joy