Laboratory of Microbial Ecology and Technology (LabMET) Research topics and expertise Head : Prof....
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Transcript of Laboratory of Microbial Ecology and Technology (LabMET) Research topics and expertise Head : Prof....
Laboratory of Microbial Ecology and Technology (LabMET)
Research topics and expertise
Head : Prof. Dr. ir. Willy Verstraete
Strategic Research
Microbial communities Quorum sensing Electron shuttling Horizontal gene transfer Metabolomics
Applied Research
Environmental Microbiology Wastewater
Microbial fuel cells Biodegradation Anaerobic treatment Nitrogen removal strategies Minimizing wast sludge
Applied Research
Environmental Microbiology Soil / Sediments
Bioprecipitation of catalytic particles Anaerobic removal of organochlorine
contaminants Soil and river sludge clean-up Pesticide degradation and ecotoxicology
Applied Research Environmental Microbiology
Solid Wastes Solid waste treatment De-icing
Buildings and structures Biologically mediated CaCO3 formation Microbial induced corrosion
Air Indoor air pollution Biotrickling filtration
Applied Research
Gastro-intestinal Microbiology Functional foods
Pro- / pre- / synbiotics Bioactivation of food components Rumen microbiology
Risk assessment Environmental contaminants Toxic food processing metabolites
Phage therapy
Applied Research
Foodchain Microbiology Drinking water
Hygienisation Water recycling Pathogen abatement
Aquaculture systems Habitat research
Epiphytes on grain Space station life cycles Deep sea methane oxidation
Tools and instruments
Reactor Technology Simulator of the Human Intestinal
Microbial Ecosystem (SHIME) Activated sludge systems Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Bed reactors Microbial Fuel cells Membrane reactors Rotating disc reactors Dialysis reactors
Tools and instruments
Microbial analysis Epifluorescence and light microscopy Growth kinetics Microbial isolations and enrichments Metabolic activity Bioassays Biodegradation assays
Tools and instruments
Physico – chemical analysis Gas chromatography HPLC Ion chromatography Spectrophotometry Atom absorption BOD, COD, TSS, VSS, NOX, TOC,…
Contact information
LabMET – Ghent UniversityCoupure Links 653B-9000 Gent
http://labMET.ugent.be/
+32/9/264.59.76
Microbial conversion of phytoestrogens Soy phytoestrogens:
Daidzine daidzein equol (microbial action)
Equol has beneficial health effects Microbial consortium applicable as
probiotic
Hop phytoestrogens: Isoxanthohumol hoppein (8-
prenylnaringenin or 8-PN) Carried out by colon microbiota Importance for hop supplements,
beer industry…
Equol production
days incubation
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
equ
ol
(µm
ol/
L)
0
20
40
60
80
100
0% consortium1% consortium50% consortium75% consortium100% consortium
8-PN production
0,000
0,005
0,010
0,015
0,020
0,025
10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
Time (days)
Co
nc
en
tra
tio
n (
g/L
)
R3 IX
R3 8-PN
R4 IX
R4 8-PN
R5 IX
R5 8-PN
Colon microbiota activate PAHsPAHs are not estrogenic: colon microbiota biotransform
them to estrogenic metabolites
0.00
0.50
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
3.00
naphthalene phenanthrene pyrene benzo(a)pyrene
nM
EE
2 e
qu
iva
len
ce
Stomach Small intestine Colon Inactivated colon
Chemopreventive effect from inulin
Gut microbiotaBeneficial conversion
Short chain fatty acids
Phytoestrogen
Bactericidal compounds
Detrimental conversion
Putrefactive compounds
Toxins
Promutagen mutagen
(PAH estrogenic metabolite)
Inulin exerts prebiotic effects
Promotes beneficial conversion
New finding: inulin inhibits conversion of promutagen to mutagen
Chemopreventive effects: added-value property of prebiotics
Decrease of cholesterol levels in blood Lactobacillus reuteri Bile salt hydrolase activity Reduction of cholesterol levels In vitro:
experiments with SHIME indicate survival of probiotic strain under in vitro conditions (stomach, small intestine, colon
In vivo: Pigs fed with L. reuteri for 4 weeks showed
significantly lower cholesterol levels De Smet et al. 1998. British Journal of Nutrition, 79:
185-194
Bioactive peptidesAim: are bioactive peptides transported ?
Blood pressure lowering / ACE-inhibitory peptides
ala-leu-pro-met-his-ile-arg (837 g/mol)
Bradykinin inactive fragments
ACE
Ang I Ang II
Blood pressure rises
Blood pressure drops
Bioactive peptides
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
peptide (1 mM) peptide 3x (1 mM)
Ac
tivi
teit
(%
)
mucosaal
serosaal
PHB accumulating bacteria Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) Microbial consortium which stores PHB Add consortium as prebiotic to artemia PHB hydroxybutyrate butyrate Protection of artemia against pathogens Increased survival
Alternative to antibiotics in aquaculture
PHB accumulating bacteria
Artemia survival under different treatments
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
ArtemiawithoutVibrio
Artemia withVibrio
Artemia withPHB
Artemia withVibrio and
PHB
Artemia withVibrio and
OH-butyrate
Artemia withVibrio andbutyrate
% s
urv
iva
l