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LA MISIÓN SAOCOM YSUS POSIBILIDADES

COMISION NACIONAL DE ACTIVIDADES ESPACIALES

14y5-Junio-2014Segundas Jornadas: Captura, Procesamiento, Análisis y Difusión de la Información Geoespacial

L. Frulla

4 y 5 de Junio, 2014Buenos Aires, ARGENTINA

Starting Point: Users survey

SurfaceSoil Moisture

NationalNational SpaceSpace PlanPlan -- CIEsCIEs

Mission Objectives(1/2)

Application developments

agriculture, fishing and forestry,agriculture, fishing and forestry,

emergencies (floods/droughts, landslides, oil slicksemergencies (floods/droughts, landslides, oil slicksin land and ocean, fires, seismology,in land and ocean, fires, seismology,earthquake activity and volcanism)earthquake activity and volcanism)

wweather and climate, hydrology and oceanographyeather and climate, hydrology and oceanography


SurfaceSoil Moisture

InterferometricInterferometric SAR capability

emergencies (floods/droughts, landslides, oil slicksemergencies (floods/droughts, landslides, oil slicksin land and ocean, fires, seismology,in land and ocean, fires, seismology,earthquake activity and volcanism)earthquake activity and volcanism)

urban areas, cartography,urban areas, cartography,geology, mining,geology, mining,

territorial planningterritorial planning

healthhealth

environment and natural resourcesenvironment and natural resourcesof land and seaof land and sea

To operationally integratethe SIASGESIASGE Systemcomposed by the SAOCOMSAOCOMConstellationConstellation and theCOSMOCOSMO--SkyMedSkyMedConstellationConstellation in order toimplement a double banddouble band(X+L) SAR Mission(X+L) SAR Mission

((Sistema ÍtaloSistema Ítalo--

Argentino de Satélites para beneficio deArgentino de Satélites para beneficio dela Sociedad, Gestión de Emergencias yla Sociedad, Gestión de Emergencias ydesarrollo Económicodesarrollo Económico

((Sistema ÍtaloSistema Ítalo--

Argentino de Satélites para beneficio deArgentino de Satélites para beneficio dela Sociedad, Gestión de Emergencias yla Sociedad, Gestión de Emergencias ydesarrollo Económicodesarrollo Económico

Mission Objectives(2/2)


QuasiQuasi--simultaneoussimultaneousobservations:observations:

To operationally integratethe SIASGESIASGE Systemcomposed by the SAOCOMSAOCOMConstellationConstellation and theCOSMOCOSMO--SkyMedSkyMedConstellationConstellation in order toimplement a double banddouble band(X+L) SAR Mission(X+L) SAR Mission

•• 4 Italian4 Italian XX--Band SARBand SAR

COSMOCOSMO SkyMedSkyMed

•• 2 Argentinean2 Argentinean LL--Band pol. SARBand pol. SAR SOACOM 1A, 1BSOACOM 1A, 1B

SAOCOM Launch

SAOCOM 1A: 2015

SAOCOM 1B: 2016


SARE Constellation (CONAE) ESA SAOCOM Companion

receiveonly

SAOCOM General Features(1/2)

instruments Polarimetric L band SAR (1,275 GHz)(SAOCOM 1A/SAOCOM 1B)

orbit sun synchronous nearly circular frozen polarinclination 97.89°


inclination 97.89°altitude 620 kmlocal time of asc. node 06:12 amtime for one orbit 97.2 minutesrevisit 16 days16 days (1 satellite)/8 days8 days (constellation)mission lifetime 5 yearscommissioning 6-9 months

SAOCOM General Features(2/2)

looking direction right (nominal)/left (capability) right looking continuous acquisitions of 10 minutes10 minutes

when the satellite is in visibility of ETC 15 minutes15 minutes per orbit as an average on a

daily basis 20 minutes20 minutes of non continuous acquisitions

in an orbit


continuous acquisitions of 10 minutes10 minuteswhen the satellite is in visibility of ETC

15 minutes15 minutes per orbit as an average on adaily basis

20 minutes20 minutes of non continuous acquisitionsin an orbit

left looking up to 5 minutes5 minutes, according to resources andpreserving spacecraft safety, returningafterwards to the nominal side looking

acquisition modes real time/storedcoverage world wide

SAR Features

observation capability day/night/all weather

σ° (measurement range) -35 to 5 dBabsolute radiometric accuracy less than or equal to 0.5 dB (QP)

less than or equal to 1.0 dB (SP, DP)


less than or equal to 0.5 dB (QP)less than or equal to 1.0 dB (SP, DP)

polarimetric accuracy less than or equal to 0.3 dBgeolocation accuracy depends on precise orbit determination

on line (56 h) 90 m on line (108 h) 70 m off line (18 days) 25 m

General Technical Description

Satellite Weight: 3 tons

Solar Array area: 13 m2

SAR Antenna area: 35 m2

7 panels of 20 rows each

140 L-band TRMs


Satellite Weight: 3 tons

Solar Array area: 13 m2

SAR Antenna area: 35 m2

7 panels of 20 rows each

140 L-band TRMs(values are approximate)

Antenna Structural Model


Mission Acquisition Strategy

Baseline missionBaseline mission

Foreground missionForeground mission

Background missionBackground mission


Baseline missionBaseline mission

Foreground missionForeground mission

Background missionBackground mission

Mission Acquisition Strategy: Baseline Mission

FixedFixed acquisitions:

For soil moisture: over Pampas Region(the main Argentinian region dedicated toagricultureagriculture and cattle productioncattle production covering83.000.000 ha)-Strategic Applications

For calibration purposes, mainly over:the rain forestrain forestspecific point targetspoint targets


FixedFixed acquisitions:

For soil moisture: over Pampas Region(the main Argentinian region dedicated toagricultureagriculture and cattle productioncattle production covering83.000.000 ha)-Strategic Applications

For calibration purposes, mainly over:the rain forestrain forestspecific point targetspoint targets

Mission Acquisition Strategy: Foreground Mission

VariableVariable acquisitions:

Initial estimations due to potential users requests in the frame ofCONAE’s Spatial Information Cycles (from Argentina and abroad)

ASI interestinterest area, including exclusivity area

25ºW25ºW -- 120ºE of longitude120ºE of longitude0º0º -- 80ºN of latitude80ºN of latitude

10ºW10ºW -- 50ºE of longitude50ºE of longitude30º30º -- 80ºN80ºN ofof latitudelatitude


VariableVariable acquisitions:

Initial estimations due to potential users requests in the frame ofCONAE’s Spatial Information Cycles (from Argentina and abroad)

ASI interestinterest area, including exclusivity area

25ºW25ºW -- 120ºE of longitude120ºE of longitude0º0º -- 80ºN of latitude80ºN of latitude

10ºW10ºW -- 50ºE of longitude50ºE of longitude30º30º -- 80ºN80ºN ofof latitudelatitude

Mission Acquisition Strategy: Background Mission

The objectiveobjective is to foresee acquisitions of certain valuable data togenerate a data basedata base useful for future uses.Predetermined acquisitionsPredetermined acquisitions according to available resources: Over ArgentinaArgentina: emergencies (for prevention, monitoring and mitigation) forest biomass maritime the mountain chain at the West

(the Andes): plates and glaciersmovement

Over Latin AmericaLatin America and the rest of thethe rest of theworldworld: forest biomass


The objectiveobjective is to foresee acquisitions of certain valuable data togenerate a data basedata base useful for future uses.Predetermined acquisitionsPredetermined acquisitions according to available resources: Over ArgentinaArgentina: emergencies (for prevention, monitoring and mitigation) forest biomass maritime the mountain chain at the West

(the Andes): plates and glaciersmovement

Over Latin AmericaLatin America and the rest of thethe rest of theworldworld: forest biomass

Acquisition Plan over Argentina(Baseline&Foreground&Background)

SDPSQPTNDPTNQPTWSPTWQP

Background


Ascending and Descending acquisitions on 23 cycles showing thedifferent acquisition modes with different colours

(one year of coverage)

Background

Annual NationalCoverage

StripMap DP TOPSAR Narrow QP

Baseline Mission: Soil Moisture over Pampas(1/2)

AgricultureAgriculture (INTA):1. to optimizeoptimize the agrochemicalagrochemical use in crop

disease control2. to optimizeoptimize sowing datesowing date and fertilizerfertilizer dosage

HydrologyHydrology (INA):to minimizeminimize the losses due to floodsfloods

corncorn

`̀sunflowersunflower


to generate and to distributeoperativeoperative soilsoil moisturemoisture productsproducts over the

Pampas Region

to generate and to distributeoperativeoperative soilsoil moisturemoisture productsproducts over the

Pampas Region

`̀sunflowersunflowerwheatwheat

soybeansoybean

Baseline Mission: SAR External Calibration

Radiometric CalibrationRadiometric Calibration

GeometricGeometric CalibrationCalibration

PolarimetricPolarimetric CalibrationCalibration

Point TargetsPoint Targets

Distributed TargetsDistributed Targets


Baseline Mission: Point Targets-SARAT Case


3 corner reflectors 3 meter side (38.1 dB) elevation and azimuth variable

pointing

Baseline Mission: Distributed Targets-SARAT Case

SARATSARATDecomposiciónDecomposición de Paulide Pauli


SelvaSelvaChaqueñaChaqueña

Other extra sitesextra sites arebeing studied in order tobe implemented forTOPSAR acquisitions.Very low clutter RCSVery low clutter RCS isneeded (e.g. salt lakes).

Baseline Mission: Point Targets-SAOCOM Case

25 additional25 additional L band corner reflectors with similar RCS butsimplified design than the existing ones


Other extra sitesextra sites arebeing studied in order tobe implemented forTOPSAR acquisitions.Very low clutter RCSVery low clutter RCS isneeded (e.g. salt lakes).

Amazon Rain Forest Congo Rain ForestWell known CEOS definedWell known CEOS definedarea (primary target)area (primary target)

Experimental target addedExperimental target addedto increase data takesto increase data takes

Baseline Mission: Distributed Targets-SAOCOM Case


JERS-1SAR

image

• The installation site is a ~55km255km2 field locatedin Mendoza Province.

• A total of 1212 corner reflectors (CR) weredeveloped, constructed, installed and pointedto be used by COSMO-SkyMed.

• Two types of CR were conceived:– Type 1: 1.040 meter side (44 CR)– Type 2: 1.965 meter side (88 CR)

• The same site will be completed withother 7 L band CR7 L band CR targets.

Baseline Mission: Point Targets X+L-SIASGE Case


• The installation site is a ~55km255km2 field locatedin Mendoza Province.

• A total of 1212 corner reflectors (CR) weredeveloped, constructed, installed and pointedto be used by COSMO-SkyMed.

• Two types of CR were conceived:– Type 1: 1.040 meter side (44 CR)– Type 2: 1.965 meter side (88 CR)

• The same site will be completed withother 7 L band CR7 L band CR targets.

Ground Segment FacilitiesScience Data Download (X Band)


Masks for 5 degree elevation

Modalities for Planned Acquisitions

RoutineRoutine(no planningmodification)

regular requests 108 hs

very special request of very high priority 56 hs

CrisisCrisis(planningmodification)

high priority request(a need for a fast acquisitionfast acquisition related tospecific events of higher priority)

Response TimeResponse Time the time between the acceptance of theuser's acquisition request and the moment of productavailability for delivery to the user


CrisisCrisis(planningmodification)

high priority request(a need for a fast acquisitionfast acquisition related tospecific events of higher priority)

56 hs

VeryVery urgenturgent(planningmodification)

extraordinary requests of maximumpriority(a need for a very fast acquisitionvery fast acquisition relatedto specific events of higher priority thancrisis operation planning)

48 hs

worstworstcasescases

SAOCOM Working Modes Features

Operativeshall satisfy the completecomplete setset ofof qualityquality and resolutionresolutionspecifications

Technologicalshall include some kind of technologicaltechnological changeschanges in orderto appraise performanceperformance improvementsimprovements

Calibratingshall measure specific data for calibration purposes


Operativeshall satisfy the completecomplete setset ofof qualityquality and resolutionresolutionspecifications

Technologicalshall include some kind of technologicaltechnological changeschanges in orderto appraise performanceperformance improvementsimprovements

Calibratingshall measure specific data for calibration purposes

Nominal Modes Features

acquisitionmode

polarizationmode

swath widthspatial

resolution

minimumincidence

angle range

StripMap

SP: HH or HV or VH or VV > 40 km < 10 m 21 - 50

DP: HH/HV or VV/VH > 40 km < 10 m 21 - 50

QP: HH/HV/VH/VV > 20 km < 10 m 20 - 35


(1) TOPSAR Wide QP assigned for Strategic Applications

TOPSARNarrow


DP: HH/HV or VV/VH > 150 km < 30 m 25 - 45

QP: HH/HV/VH/VV > 100 km < 50 m 20 - 35

TOPSAR Wide


DP: HH/HV or VV/VH > 350 km < 50 m 25 - 45QP(1): HH/HV/VH/VV > 220 km < 100 m 20 - 35

CL-POL: RH/RV or LH/LV > 350 km < 50 m 25 - 45

Compact Polmode simulatedimage fromSARATacquisition

Transmission:Right circular

Reception:Linear H&V

Compact Pol Methodology Simulation


Compact Polmode simulatedimage fromSARATacquisition

Transmission:Right circular

Reception:Linear H&V

CETT experimental site and environment

RHRH--RVRVRHRHRH+RVRH+RV

Nominal Modes Ground Distribution


SAOCOM 1A/1B Global Revisit Map

TOPSAR Wide QP


Number of passes of both satellites in a cycle (16 days)

Products Definition: Level 1 Nominal Frames

SAOCOM products will bedistributed in standard sizedstandard sized

framesframes

QP modes SP, DP CLpol

TOPSAR Wide

445

km

TOPSAR WideTOPSAR Wide will be2 times2 times longer thanTOPSAR NarrowTOPSAR Narrow


TOPSAR NarrowTOPSAR Narrow will be3 times3 times longer thanStripMapStripMap 1

TOPSAR Narrow

StripMap2

34

56

78

910

12

34

56

78

922

2 km

74 k

m

TOPSAR WideTOPSAR Wide will be2 times2 times longer thanTOPSAR NarrowTOPSAR Narrow

220 km 440 km

StripMap&TOPSAR

StripMap

TOPSAR


No scalloping effect No SNR variation along

azimuth

TOPSAR

ScanSAR vs TOPSAR


No scalloping effect No SNR variation along azimuth

Strong scalloping effect Variable SNR along azimuth

TOPSAR vs ScanSAR: Scalloping Effect

rang

e

TOPSAR


azimuth

rang

e

ScanSAR

Products Processing Levels

RAWRAW data products (data stream),

LevelLevel 00 products (Annotated RAW data-AR)

LevelLevel 11 products

LevelLevel 11AA: Single Look Complex-SLC, LevelLevel 11BB: Detected Image-DI, LevelLevel 11CC: Ground Ellipsoid Corrected-GEC (defaultdefault), LevelLevel 11DD: Geocoded Terrain Corrected-GTC.

HigherHigher level products


RAWRAW data products (data stream),

LevelLevel 00 products (Annotated RAW data-AR)

LevelLevel 11 products

LevelLevel 11AA: Single Look Complex-SLC, LevelLevel 11BB: Detected Image-DI, LevelLevel 11CC: Ground Ellipsoid Corrected-GEC (defaultdefault), LevelLevel 11DD: Geocoded Terrain Corrected-GTC.

HigherHigher level products

Services&Requests

Service classes for data deliveryService classes for data delivery to the user (requestsfrom Catalogue, i.e., for archived data):

Available at CETTNear real time 4 hs

Standard 24 hs worstworstcasescases


Satellite (SAOCOM 1A / SAOCOM 1B / both) Geografic area (center&radius / rectangle / polygon) Start and End acquisition time Acquisition mode (StripMap / TOPSAR, pol&Beam) Looking direction (right/left) Asc/Desc

Requests from Catalogue:Requests from Catalogue:

worstworstcasescases

Products Format: L1 Levels

XMLXML files with all the metadatametadata

associated to the SAR image.

BinaryBinary files containing the SARSAR

imageimage


•••

XMLXML files with all the metadatametadata

associated to the SAR image.

BinaryBinary files containing the SARSAR

imageimage

Higher Level Products

Agriculture Hidrology

Interferometry

Oceanography

Strategic Applications System (SAS)

SAOCOM Interferometric System (SIS)


Agriculture Hidrology

Interferometry

Oceanography SAOCOM Oceanic System (SOS)

Surface Soil Moisture ProductsSurface Soil Moisture Products from individual strips

Surface Soil MoistureSurface Soil Moisture MosaicsMosaics (over Pampas Region)

Derived products for AgricultureAgriculture: Decision Support Data (local information)

Fusarium Progression Calculation Processing (regional map)

User Fusarium Calculation (local information)

Derived products for HydrologyHydrology: Flood Guidance

Deterministic Hydrologic Forecasts

Medium and Long Term Probabilistic Forecasts

Higher Level Products: SAS(1/2)


Surface Soil Moisture ProductsSurface Soil Moisture Products from individual strips

Surface Soil MoistureSurface Soil Moisture MosaicsMosaics (over Pampas Region)

Derived products for AgricultureAgriculture: Decision Support Data (local information)

Fusarium Progression Calculation Processing (regional map)

User Fusarium Calculation (local information)

Derived products for HydrologyHydrology: Flood Guidance

Deterministic Hydrologic Forecasts

Medium and Long Term Probabilistic Forecasts

Field Support forField Support forSoil MoistureSoil MoistureModelsModels

Higher Level Products: SAS(2/2)


SAOCOM Interferometric ProductsSAOCOM Interferometric Products:

Corregistered interferometric pair

SlaveSlave

MasterMaster

Higher Level Products: SIS(1/2)


azim

uth

azim

uth

rangerange Interferometric phase

SAOCOMSAOCOM InterferometricInterferometric ProductsProducts:

Interferometric coherence

Higher Level Products: SIS(2/2)


Other Derived Products(1/2)

DEMsDEMs

Storstrømmen glaciar(Northeast of Groenlandia)

ERS1/2 SAR-tandemmission

28-Oct-95/03-Dec-95Magnitude image Horizontal velocity Terrain height


Storstrømmen glaciar(Northeast of Groenlandia)

ERS1/2 SAR-tandemmission

28-Oct-95/03-Dec-95Magnitude image Horizontal velocity Terrain heightColor cycle:100 m/year

0 m/y0 m/y

30 m/y30 m/y

60 m/y60 m/y

0 m0 m

30 m30 m

60 m60 m

Color cycle:1000 m

Cosmo-SkyMed image pair – Mode: Himage HHDifferential Interferometry – Copahue Volcano

A deformation process(inflation) development canbe identified in the timeinterval between images



Image pair dates: 11/11/2011 – 28/10/2012

A deformation process(inflation) development canbe identified in the timeinterval between images

Acknowledgment to Dr. PabloEuillades, CEDIAC, Fac. Ing.,UNCUYOResult from 1st SAOCOM AO,Project 13

ObjectsObjects DetectionDetection

Higher Level Products: SOS(1/3)

Atención Dr. ClaudioDelrieux, Univ. Nacionaldel Sur



Radarsat-C Band

OilOil spillsspills andand seapagesseapages


Radarsat-C Band




OilOil spillspill evolutionevolution

454y5-Junio-2014Segundas Jornadas: Captura, Procesamiento, Análisis y Difusión de la Información GeoespacialAtención Dr. Jorge Pierini, Univ. Nacional del Sur

intertidalregion

VulnerabilityVulnerabilityzonezone analysisanalysis

in case ofin case ofpotentialpotential oiloil

spillsspills

ERS 1 VV SAR C-Band



VulnerabilityVulnerabilityzonezone analysisanalysis

in case ofin case ofpotentialpotential oiloil

spillsspills

low tide high tideCourtesy Dr. Antonio Gagliardini– IAFE/CENPAT

L-band VVaverage betweenL-band VVand C-band VVC-band VV

Internal waves

L bandL band isis veryverygoodgood forfor internalinternal

waveswavesidentificationidentification.

Besides,

waves generatedby winds

drilling field

Oil Slicks and Internal WavesOther Derived Products(2/3)


L-band VV C-band VV Composition

SIR- C/X-SAR imageOctober 9, 1994Offshore drilling fieldin the Arabian Sea

L bandL band isis veryverygoodgood forfor internalinternal

waveswavesidentificationidentification.

Besides,

waves generatedby winds

drilling field

SIR-C, L band, multi-polarimetric-Ice Monitoring

HH



VV

HV

Higher Level Products: SIASGE

SIASGESIASGE ProductsProducts (X,(X, L,L, X+L)X+L)::

DEM,

quicklook,

co-registered,

mosaics,


SIASGESIASGE ProductsProducts (X,(X, L,L, X+L)X+L)::

DEM,

quicklook,

co-registered,

mosaics,

interferometric (coherence, phase),

polarimetric matrix (applicable to L-band)

speckle filtered image

AO Programme:“Tools, Applications&OperationalProducts Research and Development”

AO for the Development ofApplications and Methodologies

SAR Processor

SAOCOM Oceanic Software(SOS)

AO for applicationsAO for applicationsdevelopment&productdevelopment&product generationgeneration

AO for ToolsDevelopment

AO for App. Develop. In SpecificAO for App. Develop. In SpecificThematicsThematics

1. AO for ToolsDevelopmentin soil moisture

2. AO for DEMvalidation


AO for SAR instrumentsAO for SAR instrumentscalibration/qualitycalibration/quality

AO for the continuation of currentAO for the continuation of currentprojectsprojects

20132014 2015

AO for App. Develop. In SpecificAO for App. Develop. In SpecificThematicsThematics

1. AO for ToolsDevelopmentin soil moisture

2. AO for DEMvalidation

Thank you for your attention


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