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Table of ContentsMT STHUT NGVIT TT .................................................................................................................. 4

LI NI U ................................................................................................................................................. 6

CHNG 1. TNG QUAN VMNG VIN THNG ................................................................................... 7

I. Thnh phn trong mng vin thng ................................................................................................ 7

1. Khi nim mng Vin thng ....................................................................................................... 7

2. Cc thnh phn ca mng vin thng ........................................................................................ 7

II. Chc nng ca cc thnh phn trong mng vin thng .................................................................. 7

1. Thit bu cui ......................................................................................................................... 7

2. Hthng truyn dn ................................................................................................................... 83. Trung tm chuyn mch........................................................................................................... 11

4. Hthng bo hiu .................................................................................................................... 12

5. Cc loi dch v ........................................................................................................................ 12

6. Trung tm iu hnh - Qun l - Bo dng ............................................................................ 13

7. Cc thit bphtr .................................................................................................................. 14

CHNG 2.TNG QUAN MNG VIN THNG VIETTEL .......................................................................... 14

I. Mng di ng Viettel ..................................................................................................................... 14

1. Scu trc mng di ng Viettel ........................................................................................ 14

2. Chc nng ca cc thnh phn trong mng di ng Viettel .................................................... 14

II. Mng truyn dn Viettel ............................................................................................................... 18

1. Scu trc mng truyn dn ca Viettel ................................................................................ 18

2. Chc nng ca cc thnh phn trong mng truyn dn ........................................................... 20

III. Mng InternetViettel ..................................................................................................................... 20

1. Scu trc mng InternetViettel ........................................................................................ 20

2. Chc nng ca cc thnh phn trong mng Internet ............................................................... 22IV. Mng PSTNViettel .......................................................................................................................... 22

1. Scu trc mng PSTNViettel ............................................................................................. 22

2. Chc nng ca cc thnh phn trong mng PSTN.................................................................... 23

V. Skt ni tng thmng vin thng Viettel theo cu trc phn lp ...................................... 23

1. Skt ni .................................................................................................................................. 23


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2. Mt sdng ng i ca cuc thoi ...................................................................................... 25

CHNG 3. THUT NGTHNG DNG TRONG MNG VIN THNG .............................................. 25

I. Thut ngthng dng trong mng di ng ................................................................................ 25

1. Thu bao attach ....................................................................................................................... 25

2. Thu bao registered ................................................................................................................. 25

3. Erlang (Erl) ................................................................................................................................ 26

4. Gipeak (gicao im) ........................................................................................................... 26

5. TU (Traffic Utilisation - hiu sut sdng ti nguyn) ............................................................. 26

6. HSDPA Throughput (High Speed Downlink Packet Access Throughput) ................................. 26

7. HSUPA Throughput (High Speed Uplink Packet Access Throughput) ...................................... 26

II. Thut ngthng dng trong mng ADSL& PSTN ........................................................................ 27

1. ADSL (Asymmetric Digital Subcriber Line - ng thu bao sbt i xng) ......................... 272. DSLAM (Digital Subcriber Line Access Multiplexer) ................................................................. 27

3. BRAS (Broadband Access Sever - server truy nhp bng rng) ............................................... 27

4. Thi lng gin on thng tin mng A/P (TF) ........................................................................ 27

5. Scng dy thu bao ....................................................................................................... 27

6. Thi gian thit lp dch v ........................................................................................................ 27

7. Tlhon thnh sa cha li .................................................................................................. 28

8. FTTxFiber To The x ............................................................................................................... 28

9. Office WAN .............................................................................................................................. 28

10. Leasedline Internet, leasedline knh trng ............................................................................. 28

III. Thut ngthng dng trong mng truyn dn ........................................................................... 28

1. SDH (Synchronous Digital Hierarchy - phn cp sng b) .................................................. 28

2. DWDM (Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing - ghp knh theo bc sng mt cao) 28

3. Lung E1 ................................................................................................................................... 28

4. Lung STM-1 (Synchronous Transport Module level-1) .......................................................... 29

5. Lung STM-n (n = 4, 16, 64) ..................................................................................................... 29CHNG 4: QUY NH QUN L CHT LNG MNG VIN THNG ................................................... 29

I. Mt skhi nim cbn ............................................................................................................... 29

II. Danh mc dch vvin thng bt buc qun l cht lng .......................................................... 29

III. Cquan qun l Nh nc vcht lng dch vbu chnh, vin thng .................................... 29

IV. Trch nhim cung cp dch vbu chnh, vin thng .................................................................. 30


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1. Trch nhim ca cc doanh nghip cung cp dch vbu chnh, vin thng ......................... 30

2. Trch nhim ca cc i l ....................................................................................................... 30

3. Trch nhim ca doanh nghip c cp php ....................................................................... 30


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MT STHUT NGVIT TT

Chvit tt

Thut ng ting Anh Ting Vit tng ng

2GThe second mobile network

generationMng thng tin di ng th h th 2

3GThe third mobile network

generation)Mng thng tin di ng th h th 3

ADSLAsymmetric Digital Subcriber

Lineng thu bao s bt i xng

AUC AuthenticationCenter Trung tm nhn thc

BGM Background Music Nhc nn

BSC Base Station Controller B iu khin trm gc (mng 2G)

BTS Base Transceiver Station Trm thu pht gc (mng 2G)

CRBT Colour Ringback Tone Nhc chung ch a m.

DSLAMDigital Subscriber Line Access

Multiplexer

B ghp knh truy nhp ng thubao s

DWDMDense Wavelength Division

Multiplexing

Ghp knh phn chia theo bc sngmt cao

GGSN Gateway GPRS Support Node Nt h tr GPRS cng

GMSCGateway Mobile Switching

CenterTrung tmchuyn mch di ng cng

GPRS General Packet Radio Service Dch v v tuyn gitng hp

GSMGlobal System of Mobile

CommunicationsH thng thng tin di ng ton cu

HLR Home Location Register B ng k v tr thng tr

HSDPAHigh Speed Downlink Packet

Access

Truy nhp gi ng xung tc cao

HSPA High Speed Packet Access Truy nhp gi tc cao


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Chvit tt


HSUPAHigh-Speed Uplink Packet

AccessTruy nhp gi ng ln tc cao

IP Internet Protocol Giao thc lin mng (giao thc IP)

MCA Missed Call Alert Bo cuc gi nh

ME Mobile Equipment Thit b di ng (mng 2G)

MS Mobile Station Trm di ng

MSC Mobile Switching Center Trung tm chuyn mch di ng

MSS Mobile Softswitch Solution Gii php chuyn mch mm di ng

Node B Node B Trm thu pht gc (mng 3G)

PSTNPublic Switched Telephone

Network

Mng in thoi chuyn mch cngcng

RNC Radio Network Controller B iu khin mng v tuyn

SIM Subscriber Identity Module Khi nhn dng thu bao

SDH Synchronous Digital Hierarchy Phn cp s ng b

SGSN Serving GPRS Support Node Nt h tr GPRS phc v

SMSC Short Message Service Center Trung tmdch v tinnhn ngn

STM-1 Synchronous Transport Module 1 Phn cp s tc STM-1

STP Signaling Transfer Point im chuyn giao bo hiu

TD Terminal Device Thit b u cui

UE User EquipmentThit b ngi dng di ng (mng3G)

VLR Visiter Location Register B ng k v tr tm tr

VSAT Very Small Aperture Terminal Thit b ng ten v tinh VSAT


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Chvit tt


WAP Wireless Application Part Phn ng dng khng dy

LI NI U

Trong xu th pht trin mnh m ca ngnh vin thng quc t hin nay, Tpon Vin thng Qun i - Viettel c nhng bc chuyn mnh t ph theo kpvi tc tng trng chng mt ca ngnh vin thng quc t. l sci tin v mtcng ngh, khng ngng sng to nng cao cht lng dch v nhm cung cp cho khchhng nhng dch v tt nht. Mun lm c nh vy chng ta cn c mt chin lc

pht trin ph hp vi xu th pht trin ca th gii, m rng hp tc vi cc hng vinthng ln trong khu vc v th gii, khng ngng hc hi trao i kinh nghim v tin bcng ngh vi cc quc gia khc trong qu trnh hi nhp. Bn cnh cng tc o tocng cn phi c ch trng c bit, bi v mt doanh nghip vng mnh lun songhnh vi i ng nhn vin c phm cht tt v chuyn mn gii.

Nhm m bo ngun ti liu o to phc v cho cc i tng mi tuyn dngkhng c o to v k thut Vin thng nhng c tuyn dng lm vic tronglnh vc Vin thng, Ban K thut - Trung tm o to Viettel bin son ti liuTngquan mng Vin thng Viettel,ti liu bao gm 4 chng sau:- Chng 1: Tng quan v mng vin thng.- Chng 2: Tng quan mng vin thng Viettel.- Chng 3: Thut ng thng dng trong mng Vin thng .- Chng 4: Qun l cht lng mng vin thng.

Hy vng rng, ti liu ny c ngha thit thc cho cc nhn vin sau tuyn dngbc u lm quen vi cu trc mng Vin thng ca Viettel.

Trong qu trnh bin son chc chn khng trnh khi nhng thiu st, rt mongnhn c nhng kin ng gpca cc ng ch Lnh o cc cp v ng nghip ln ti bn sau c hon thin hn.

Mi kin ng gp xin gi v:Trung tm o to ViettelM1 - An Khnh - Hoi c - H Ni


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Tel: 04.62650.2910988.888.319Fax: 04.62650.174

Email:[email protected]

CHNG1. TNG QUAN V MNG VIN THNG

I. Thnh phn trong mng vin thng1. Khi nim mng Vin thng

Hthng vin thng l tp hp tt ccc phng tin kthut truyn dntin tc tni pht n ni thu.

Vic truyn thng tin gia cc i tng qua mt khong cch bao gm bt khot ng lin quan ti vic pht/nhn tin tc (m thanh, hnh nh, ch vit, dliu...) bng cc phng tin truyn thng nhhu tuyn nhng dy kim loi,

cp quang hoc v tuyn hoc cc hthng in tkhc.2. Cc thnh phn ca mng vin thng

Cc thnh phn ca mng vin thng bao gm:- Thit b u cui.- H thng truyn dn.- Trung tm chuyn mch(tng i).- H thng bo hiu.- Cc loi dch v.- Trung tm iu hnh - Qun l - Bo dng.- Cc thit b ph tr.II. Chc nng ca cc thnh phn trong mng vin thng1. Thit bu cui

Thit bu cui (Terminal Device) l thit bgiao tip vi ngi sdng (cnc gi l i tng sdng, c thl con ngi hoc my mc tng) v l cuni gia ngi sdng v mng.1.1. Chc nng

Thit bu cui c chc nng thu/pht cc bn tin v chuyn cc bn tin didng tn hiu in thnh dng thng tin m con ngi c th hiu c nh: hnhnh, m thanh, vn bn... v ngc li.

1.2. Phn loi

Thit bu cui c nhiu loi, chng rt khc nhau v chc nng v yu cudch v. Thit bu cui gm hai loi chnh sau:- Thit b u cui hu tuyn nh: my in thoi c nh, Fax, telex, PC, my rt tin

t ng ATM, camera,
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]


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Hnh 1- 1: Thit b u cui hu tuyn

- Thit b u cui v tuyn nh: Mobile, Wifi,

Hnh 1- 2: Thit b u cui v tuyn

2. Hthng truyn dn2.1. Chc nng

L hthng m nhim chc nng truyn ti thng tin tim ny n imkhc trong mng vin thng. Mng truyn dn ng vai tr rt quan trng trong cc hthng vin thng. N l nn tng, l cshtng cho vic thc hin truyn ti thngtin, dch v.2.2. Phn loi

C hai phng thc truyn dn c sdng chnh l: truyn dn hu tuynv truyn dn v tuyn.a. Truyn dn hu tuyn

Truyn dn hu tuyn thng sdng hai mi trng truyn dn quan trngnht l: cp ng v cp quang.- Cp ng:S dng 2 kiu chnh l cp i xng v cp ng trc. Tn hiu truyn

trn cp ng l tn hiu in. u im: n gin v mt cng ngh, thit b, trin khai lp t v sa cha. Nhc im: Gy tn hao ln dn n kh nng truyn xa nh, d b nh hng

bi nhiu t cc i dy khc v t mi trng ngoi, bo mt thng tin km,dung lng knh truyn v bng thng thp. Ch yu cp ng s dng lpngi s dng nh: t DSLAM n thu bao internet, t tng i mng PSTNn thubao in thoi.


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Hnh 1- 3: Cp i xng

- Cp quang:S dng cp si quang truyn tn hiu. Tn hiu truyn trn si quangl tn hiu nh sng v th khc phc c nhng nhc im ca vic truyn tn hiuin trn cp ng. uim: Tn hiu suy hao nh khong cch gia hai trm lp tng ln nhiu ln,

gim c nh hng ca nhiu, bo mt thng tin cao, dung lng knhtruyn dn ln vi tc cao v th thng c s dng trong cc tuyn truyn

dn t lp Access tr ln. Nhc im: Phc tp v mt cng ngh, thit b.

Hnh 1- 4: Cu trc ca cp quang

b. Truyn dn v tuynTrong mng vin thng Viettel hin ang s dng truyn dn v tuyn c hai

loi l: Truyn dn Viba v truyn dn qua Vtinh (VSAT).

- Truyn dn Viba: Truyn dn v tuyn chuyn tip bng Viba ca Viettel thng sdng nhng bng tn s 7GHz, 15GHz, 17GHz.


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Hnh 1- 5: Trm chuyn tip v tuyn bng Viba

STT Khong cch tuyn Loi VibaLoi anten

(ng knh)

1 < 5 Km 17 GHz 0,3m v 0,6m

2 >5 Km 15GHz 0,3m v 0,6m

3 > 20 Km 7GHz 1,2m

Bng 1- 1: Thng s v khong cch ca tuyn truyn vi tn s v loi anten

u im: u im ln nht ca truyn dn v tuyn so vi truyn dn cp lkhng cn bt k mt ng dy dn no. C th trin khai trong cc trng hpm truyn dn hu tuyn khng th thc hin nh: Truyn dn gia o vi tlin, hoc ti cc ni khng th xy dng c tuyn ct trin khai cp (v dnh khng c ng i li). Cc h thng v tuyn c lp t nhanh gn, chi

ph u t t. Nhc im: Dung lng thp, cht lng ng truyn khng n nh, suy hao

ln do nh hng ca thi thit: Ma, gi, bo, c. Truyn dn Vtinh- Trong thng tin v tinh, thit b chuyn tip trung gian chuyn ng theo qu o

xung quanh tri t thay v c thit lp c nh trn mt t. Trm mt t truynthng tin n v tinh bng mt tn s, v tinh ti to v truyn thng tin tr v

bng mt tn s khc. Cc bngtn s dng trong truyn dn v tinh:

STT Bng tnUplink

(tdi t pht ln)Downlink

(tvtinh pht xung)

1 Bng C 5GHz (5,925 - 6,425) 3GHz (3,7 - 4,2)

2 Bng C+ 5GHz (5,850 - 6,925) 3GHz (3,4 - 3,7)

3 Bng Ku 14GHz (14 - 14.5) 11GHz (11.7 - 12.2)

4 Bng Ku+ 14GHz (13.75 - 14.5) 11GHz (12.25 - 12.75)

Bng 1- 2: Cc bng tn s dng trong truyn dn v tinh


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- Cc v tinh s dng trong vin thng thng c nh v ti qu o a tnh, v trc coi l khng thay i ti mi thi im nu nhn t im quan st ti trm mtt. Khong cch n qu o ny khong 36000km tnh t tri t, sng in ttruyn ht khong 240ms nn tr truyn dn xp x 240ms t trm mt t pht ntrm V tinh thu. Ngi ni phi ch tr li khong 0,5 giy, iu ny lm gin on

thng tin lin tc. Mt vn khc i vi truyn thng v tinh l ting vng, thngthng ting vng cng b tr khong 0,5 giy.

- Trong mng vin thng Viettel s dng thng tin v tinh trong mt s trng hp sau:

Truyn dn thng tin sang mng vin thng Quc t (Gateway). Tch hp trm BTS qua ng v tinh.

Hnh 1- 6: Trm chuyn tip v tuyn bng V tinh

- u im: Do tnh phc tp ca a hnh, a l ti mt s ni nh min ni, hiogii php truyn dn bng cp quang, cp ng hay viba khng c tnh kh thicao v khng ti u. Chnh v th, vic kt ni truyn dn gia BTS v BSC thngqua ng truyn v tinh l ti u nht cho vic pht sng trm mi m rng v ng

ph v gii php ny c gi l truyn dn Abisqua ng v tinh.- Nhc im: Dung lng ng truyn thp, cht lng tn hiu b nh hng ca

thi tit, tr ln, chi ph cao.3. Trung tm chuyn mch

thit lp mt tuyn kt ni theo yu cu tmt thu bao ny ti mt thubao khc mng phi c thit bchuyn mch la chn mt tuyn kt ni ph hp.Trong mng in thoi, cc hthng chuyn mch ny c gi l cc tng i. Thubao s nhn c kt ni theo yu cu nh vo cc thng tin bo hiu truyn quang dy thu bao, hay truyn trn cc mch kt ni cc tng i vi nhau.

Trong thc thin nay, c 2 cng nghchuyn mch ang c p dng. lcng nghchuyn mch knh (CS - Circuit Switching) v cng nghchuyn mch gi (PS- Packet Switching).


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4. Hthng bo hiuTrong mng vin thng, bo hiu c coi l mt phng tin chuyn thng

tin v cc lnh tim ny n im khc, cc thng tin v cc lnh ny c lin quann thit lp, gim st v gii phng cuc gi. Bo hiu thc hin 3 chc nng chnh:

-

Chc nng gim st (gim st ng thu bao, ng trung k...).- Chc nng tm chn (iu khin v chuyn thng tin a ch).- Chc nng khai thc v vn hnh mng.

Bo hiu c chia thnh hai loi l bo hiu ng thu bao v bo hiu lini.

- Bo hiu ng thu bao l bo hiu dng cho cc thit b u cui, thng l bohiu gia my in thoi vi tng i ni ht.

- Bo hiu lin i l bo hiu gia cc tng i vi nhau. c chia thnh 2 loi l: Bo hiu knh kt hp (knh lin kt) (CAS - Channel Asociated Signaling): L

h thng bo hiu trong tn hiu bo hiu nm trong knh thoi hoc trong mt

knh c lin quan cht ch vi knh thoi (knh ln cn). Bo hiu knh kt hpc mt s hn ch nh tng i chm, ch thch hp vi mng in thoi cdung lng va v nh.V d: H thng bo hiu R2.

Bo hiu knh chung (CCS - Common Channel Signaling): L h thng bo hiutrong tn hiu bo hiu nm trong mt knh tch bit vi cc knh thoi. Knh

bo hiu ny c s dng chung cho mt s lng ln cc knh thoi v ctruyn trn tuyn c tc cao. Bo hiu CCS c th truyn thng tin bo hiutheo 2 chiu, mc d cc knh thoi c bn hay khng. V d: H thng bo hius 7 (SS7).

5. Cc loi dch v

5.1. Dch vcbn

L dch v c truyn tc thi thng tin qua mng vin thng (bao gm cInternet) m khng lm thay i loi hnh hoc ni dung thng tin. y l loi dch vti thiu (n gin nht) m nh cung cp dch vcp cho khch hng, da trn nnglc cbn ca nh cung cp dch v.5.2. Dch vgi trgia tng

L dch vlm tng thm gi trthng tin ca ngi sdng dch vbng cchhon thin loi hnh, ni dung thng tin hoc cung cp kh nng lu tr, khi phcthng tin trn cssdng mng vin thng. Nhng dch vny thun tin hn

cho ngi s dng, khng ch kt ni thit b u cui, c kh nng cung cp rngkhp v tnh cc linh hot.

5.3. Mt s dch v c bn v dch v gi tr gia tng m mng vin thngViettel ang cung cp

Cc dch vcbn Cc dch vgi trgia tng

- Dch v khai thc trn mng di ng2G v 3G:

- Dch v gi tr gia tng trn mng ding 2G v 3G:


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Cc dch vcbn Cc dch vgi trgia tng

Thoi Hin th s gi n Nhn tin ngn

Gi cuc gi Ch cuc gi Chn cuc gi n v i Chuyn cuc gi Hp th thoi (Voice mail) Gi hi ngh Gi khn cp Video Call

D-com 3G...

- Dch v truy cp Internet (ADSL,FTTx)

- Dch v in thoi c nh, Fax, dchv in thoi c nh khng dy(Homephone), dch v VoIP.

Dch v thng bo cuc gi nhMCA

Dch v nhc chung ch I-Muzik

Dch v thanh ton cc tr saubng th ATM (thanh ton in t) Dch v Call Me Back Dch v ng tin Dch v thanh ton cc tr sau

bng th np tin tr trc (Pay199)

Dch v da trn nn cng nghGPRS: Truy cp Web, WAP,MMS, Email, ti d liu (nhc

chung, hnh nn), games online,video streaming, Mobi TV...- Mng ring o- Dchv cu truyn hnh- Dchv cho thu knh truyn

(Leased Line).

Bng 1- 3: Bng mt s cc dch v ca Viettel

6. Trung tm iu hnh - Qun l - Bo dng6.1. Qun l li (Fault Management)- Thu thp y cc cnh bo t tt c cc phn t mng v lc cnh bo, phn mc

cnh bo theo mu sc.- T ng nhn dng cc cnh bo c nh ngha trc. - Tra cu cnh bo.- Khi li lm pht sinh cc li khc th h thng c chc nng nhm cnh bo lin

quan 1 s kin cth.- Thng k cng vic bo dng hng ngy: logbook (i thc hin, Trung tm ch

theo di tin thc hin).- Bo co thng k li.6.2. Qun l cu hnh (Configuration Management)- Qun l topo mng theo m hnh phn cp.- Qun l tham s - cu hnh phn cng, version phn mm bao gm c cu hnh

backup v s thay i trong qu trnh khai thc.- Qun l c tnh nt mng- Bo co cu hnh h thng (yu cu thc hin bo co theo phng thc qun l

c cc ti nguyn ang s dng trn mng).


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6.3. Qun l cht lng (Performance Management)- Bo co cht lng: Bo co cht lng ngy hoc theo gi chi tit mc Cell, BTS,

BSC, MSC, bo co theo vng a l.- Gim st ti: Gim st ti/ti nguyn s dng ca BSC, MSC. - t mc ngng cht lng mng.- Qun l s c v cht lng mng: Theo di v bo co cc s c cht lng mng

gip: Phn tch s c, bo co thng k s c (bao gm c cc s c trong qu kh).- Bo co cht lng mng.6.4. Qun l bo mt

- Nhn thc ngi dng: Qun tr h thng qun l account, chnh sch bo mt, phthin v ngn chn s xm nhp tri php vo h thng

- Cc s kin tc ng ln h thng u c lu tr trong logfile (a ch IP login,thi gian login, logout, thng tin v account).

- Qun l cc account truy nhp theo a ch IP.- Lu tr cc s kin, thi gian bt u, kt thc chy cc ng dng trn h thng. 7. Cc thit bphtr

Cc thit bphtrtrong mng vin thng bao gm:- B ngun AC/DC.- Thot st/bo v qu p.- Cnh bo chy n.- H thng lm mt cho trm BTS

CHNG 2.TNG QUAN MNG VIN THNG VIETTEL

I. Mng di ng Viettel1. Scu trc mng di ng Viettel

S cu trc mng di ng Viettel c thhin s lc qua m hnh cutrc c chia lm 4 lp nhsau (hnh 2.1):- Lp ngi dng: Gmthit b u cui ngi dng, thit b di ng- Lp truy nhp: Gm cc trm BTS, BSC (mng 2G), NodeB, RNC (mng 3G).- Lpli: Gm c khi chuyn mch MSC/VLR, HLR/AUC, GMSC, STP, cc nt h

tr GPRS (SGSN, GGSN)- Lp ng dng: Cc h thng mng thng minh (IN/OCS), cc h thng qun l tin

nhn (SMS/MMS) v cc h thng dch v gi tr gia tng khc (CRBT, MCA,BGM)2. Chc nng ca cc thnh phn trong mng di ng Viettel

Trong phn ny trnh by chc nng ca mt sthnh phn chnh trong mng ding Viettel:


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2.1. Lp ngi dngLp ny bao gm cc trm di ng (MS). MS bao gm Thit bdi ng (ME)/u

cui ngi dng (UE) v Khi nhn dng thu bao (SIM)- ME (mng 2G): y lmy in thoi di ng, kt ni vi BTS qua giao din v

tuyn (giao din Um

).

- UE (mng 3G): y khng ch l in thoi di ng m cn c th l cc thit b ucui truy nhp Internet nh modem (Dcom 3G, Homegateway), kt ni vi NodeBqua giao din v tuyn Uu.

- SIM: L th nh thng minh s dng trn ME/UE, lu tr nhng thng tin nh sin thoi, m s mng di ng, cc m s phc v cho vic nhn thc thu bao

2.2. Lp truy nhpa. BTS (mng 2G)- Chc nng: BTS thc hin nhiu chc nng nh: Kt ni vi my u cui ngi

dung qua ng truyn v tuyn, nh x knh logic vo knh vt l, m ha/gii m

nhm bo mt thng tin trn ng truyn v tuyn- Kt ni vi BSC qua giao din Abis.- Tn s s dng: 900MHz hoc 1800MHz.b. BSC

L khi chc nng iu khin, gim st cc BTS, qun l ti nguyn v tuyntrong hthng, thc hin mt schc nng nh:- Qun l mt trm BTS- Qun l mng v tuyn: X l cc bn tin bo hiu, iu khin- Qun l knh v tuyn: n nh, khi to, gii phng knh v tuyn - Qun l chuyn giao khi ngi s dng (ang thc hin cuc gi) di chuyn t vng

ph ca trm BTS ny sang trm BTS khc- Tp trung lu lng.

BSC kt ni vi MSC qua giao din A cho dch v thoi, kt ni n SGSN quagiao din Gbcho dch vtruy cp dliu (data).


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Hnh 2- 1: Mng di ng Viettel

c. NodeB (mng 3G)- Chc nng: NodeB thc hin mt s chc nng nh: Qun l ti nguyn v tuyn,

iu khin cng sut sao cho tn hiu nhn c t cc u cui ngi dng l tngng

- Kt ni vi RNC qua giao din Iu bng mng Metro Ethernet hoc IP trn SDH.- Tn s: 2110 - 2170 MHz.


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d. RNC

RNC thc hin mt scc chc nng sau:- Qun l mt s NodeB v iu khin cc ti nguyn ca chng nh: Cp pht, gii

phng knh, cp pht ti nguyn.- Mt nhim v quan trng na ca RNC l bo v s b mt v ton vn. Sau th tc

nhn thc v tha thun kha, cc kha bo mt v ton vn c t vo RNC.- RNC kt ni vi nhau qua giao din Iur. RNC c ni n lp li bng hai kt ni,

mt kt ni ti MSC bng giao din Iu-CS (thoi) v mt kt ni n SGSN bng giaodin Iu-PS (d liu).

2.3. Lp li

a. MSC

MSC c trch nhim kt ni v gim st cuc gi n MS v tMS i. C nhiuchc nng c thc hin trong MSC nh:- Qun l di ng.

- Qun l chuyn giao khi ngi s dng in thoi di chuyn t vng ph ca trmBTS ny sang trm BTS khc m 2 BTS ny thuc 2 MSC khc nhau.

- X l cuc gi.- X l tnh cc.- Tng tc mng (IWF - Internet Working Functions): GMSC

Cc tng iMSC thhmi ca Viettel hin sdng cng nghChuyn mchmm di ng (MSS). Trong phn iu khin (c qun l bi MSC-S - MSC server)tch ri vi phn Chuyn mch (c qun l bi MGw - Media Gateway)

b. SGSN

L nt chnh trong min chuyn mch gi (Packet Switched Domain), chu trchnhim cho tt c cc kt ni d liu ca thu bao. SGSN cha thng tin thu bao vthng tin vtr thu bao.

SGSN kt ni n BSC qua giao din Gb, kt ni n RNC qua giao din Iu-PS, ktni vi HLR/AuC qua giao din Grv kt ni vi GGSN qua giao din Gn.c. GGSN

L mt nt cng d liu gia mng PS kt ni vi mng internet, cc d liutruyn t thu bao ra mng ngoi u qua GGSN. GGSN cha thng tin thu bao vthng tin vSGSN qun l thu bao. GGSN cng ng thi tham gia vo qu trnh nhnthc v tnh cc.d. GMSC

L MSC c chc nng cng ni ra cc mng ngoi nh PSTN hoc mng ding khc.

Tng i GMSC c giao din kt ni vi ngoi mng cho cdi ng, cnh vkt ni ti tng i quc tIGw.

e. HLR/AuC


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L csdliu thng tin vthu bao v nhn thc thu bao.f. STP (Signaling Tranfer Point - im trung chuyn bo hiu)

Chc nng chnh ca STP l chuyn tip cc bn tin bo hiu (hay chc nngnh tuyn bo hiu). STP hot ng nhmt Hub gi cc bn tin bo hiu ti cc nt

mng khc. STP nh tuyn cc bn tin thng qua vic kim tra thng tin nh tuync gn km vi mi bn tin bo hiu v gi chng ti im bo hiu cn thit. Thayv cc nt mng li u ni bo hiu trc tip vi nhau to ra mt mng mesh phctp, STP sng vai tr nt trung tm trong mng bo hiu, gip mng bo hiu trongsng hn, qun l mng bo hiu ddng hn.2.4. Lp ng dng

Bao gm nhiu h thng thc hin chc nng cung cp cc dch v, ng dngtrn nn di ng nh:- IN: H thng qun l v tnh cc thu bao tr trc - OCS: H thng qun l tnh cc trc tuyn dnh cho thu bao tr trc- SMSC: H thng tin nhn.- MCA (Missed Call Alert): H thng bo cuc gi nh. - BGM (Background Music): H thng nhc nn.- CRBT (Colour Ringback Tone): H thng nhc chung ch. II. Mng truyn dn Viettel1. Scu trc mng truyn dn ca Viettel

S mng truyn dn Viettel c cho nh hnh sau:


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Hnh 2- 2: Mng truyn dn Viettel


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2. Chc nng ca cc thnh phn trong mng truyn dnMng truyn dn l h tng truyn ti thng tin cho cc mng nh: Mng

IP/A/P/F, Mobile N cung cp cc ng kt ni tBTSBSC, Node BRNC, DSLAMSite Router, gia cc core vng vtrung tm, gia cc khu vc vi nhau

Mng truyn dn ca Viettel c chia lm 4 lp:- Lp trc quc gia (National Backbone Layer):Kt ni lu lng cc vng min,truyn ti dch v Bc-Nam, kt ni cc hng i Quc t (dung lng N x STM-64)

- Lp lp lin tnh (Inter-Provincial Layer):Tp trung lu lng dch v cc Tnh,chuyn ti v cc trung tm dch v ti cc thnh ph H Ni, Nng, H Ch Minh(dung lng 400 Gbps, hin ti ch dng 50 Gbps).

- Lp ni tnh (Provincial Layer): L lp li ca tng tnh,kt ni lp lin tnhv lptruy nhp, chuyn ti lu lng dch v t lp truy nhp ln lp lin tnh (dunglngSTM-16 tr ln).

- Lp truy nhp (Access Layer): L lp trc tip kt ni vi cc node access ca cc

mng dch v (BTS/Node B, DSLAM, PSTN, khch hng thu knh). Dung lng:STM-1, STM-4.

III. Mng InternetViettel1. Scu trc mng InternetViettel

Mng Internet ca Viettel c m tdi dng phn lp nhsau:


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Hnh 2- 3: Mng Internet Viettel

2. Chc nng ca cc thnh phn trong mng Internet- DSLAM: Tp trung ng dy ADSL ca cc thu bao.- Site Router:

Kt ni n DSLAM, Node B, cc khch hng s dng dch v cp quang vchuyn d liu t cc thnh phn ln mng li.

- Core x, Core huyn, Core tnh, Core khu vc: Tp trung lu lng t lp di v chuyn ln lp trn. nh tuyn d liu.

- Router P: Dng chuyn mch nhanh gia cc vng, cc khu vc; kt ni sangphn chuyn mch gi ca lp Core di ng.

- BRAS: Dng qun l a ch, tnh cc, iu khin bo mtIV. Mng PSTNViettel1. Scu trc mng PSTNViettel


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Hnh 2- 4: Mng PSTN Viettel

Ch :Ti cc tnh cn li, do dung lng cng nhslng thu bao thp nn thnhphn Host skim chc nng qun l thu bao v trung chuyn lu lng.

2. Chc nng ca cc thnh phn trong mng PSTN

-

DLU: Dng tp trung lu lng cc thubao.- Host: L mt dng tng i trung chuyn lu lng trong ni tnh.- Tandem: Dng chuyn lu lng ca cc thu bao lin tnh. Vi cc tnh tr HNI

v HCM, Tandem cng dng trung chuyn lu lng trong ni tnh.- TOLL: Dng chuyn lu lng gia cc khu vc nhtHNI n DNG.

V. Skt ni tng thmng vin thng Viettel theo cu trc phn lp1. Skt ni

Pha trn, cc phn trnh by tng mng ring bit ca Viettel. Sau y l stng thmng vin thng ca Viettel, sny scho ngi c thy slin kt

gia cc mng vi nhau:


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Hnh 2- 5: Tng qut mng Viettel


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2. Mt sdng ng i ca cuc thoi2.1. Di ng Viettel Cnh Viettel- Trng hp cng khu vc: Di ng BTS/Node B BSC/RNC MSC

GMSC TOLL Tandem Host C nh.- Trng hp khc khu vc: Di ng BTS/Node B MSC GMSC(1)

TOLL(1) TOLL(2) Tandem(2) Host(2) C nh.2.2. Di ng Viettel Homephone Viettel

Trng hp cng khu vc:- Trng hp cng MSC: Di ng BTS BSC MSC BSC BTS

Homephone.

- Trng hp khc MSC: Tng i chuyn mch mm s dng cng nghIP: Di ng BTS BSC

MSS MSS# BSC BTS Homephone. Tng i chuyn mch mm s dng cng ngh TDM: Di ng BTS BSC

MSC GMSC MSC# BSC BTS Homephone.2.3. Di ng Viettel Di ng mng khc

Di ng Viettel BTS BSC MSC GMSC Viettel GMSC mng khc MSC BSC BTS Di ng mng khc.2.4. Di ng Viettel Cnh mng khc

Di ng Viettel BTS BSC MSC GMSC Viettel TOLL Viettel TOLL mng khc Tandem Host Cnh mng khc.2.5. Cnh Viettel Cnh mng khc

C nh Viettel Host Tandem TOLL Viettel TOLL mng khc

Tandem Host Cnh mng khc2.6. Tthu bao di ng 3G truy nhp internet

Di ng Node B RNC SGSN GGSN InternetCHNG 3. THUT NG THNG DNG TRONG MNG VIN THNG

Phn thut ngthng dng l nhng thut ngcbn c sdng thngxuyn v thng nht cch hiu trong mng vin thng Viettel. Ti liu ny gii thchmt sthut ngthng dng m ngi lm vic trong lnh vc vin thng cn bit.

I. Thut ngthng dng trong mng di ng1. Thu bao attach

L thu bao ang bt my m hthng tng i ang quan l.2. Thu bao registered

L thu bao attach hoc thu bao attach va tt my cha qu h.


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3. Erlang (Erl)

L n vo ca lu lng (Traffic), c tnh nhsau:

Trong : - A l lu lng o bng Erl.- n l scuc gi.-t l di trung bnh cua mi cuc goi.-T l thi gian o (thng T=1gi 3600s).

V d: Trong 1 gi, thu bao trung bnh goi 1,2 cuc, mi cuc goi di s, th Erlcua thu bao l:A = 1,2*60/3600 0.020Erl = 20 (mErl).

TErl ta c thbit c s pht goi: h gi = lu lng (Erl )*60 h

V d: Vi mng 2G, 1cell trong 1 gic lu lng l , Erl th trong gicell phuc vuc , , (pht goi)

Vy nu bit c lu lng cua cell trong 1 gi(V d: 16,63 Erl) v Erl trungbnh ca thu bao trong gi (V d: 0,020 Erl) th ta c thtnh c s thu baoang thuc cell = 16,63/0,020 = 831 thu bao trong 1 gi4. Gipeak (gicao im)

L gim lu lng mng ln nht (thng l khong thi gian nhiu thu baogi nht. Trong mt ngy, thi gian cao im l khong th n 20h00).5. TU (Traffic Utilisation - hiu sut sdng ti nguyn)

TU c sdng nh gi hiu sut sdng ti nguyn mng v nh gi

nghn ca cc Cell. Hiu sut sdng ti nguyn v tuyn (cell, BTS/Node B, cc KV,ton mng) c tnh theo cng thc sau:

TU = (Lu lng thc tgicao im/Lu lng c khnng htr)*100Trong :

- Lu lng thc t gi cao im: c ly t s liu thng k hng ngy.- Lu lng c kh nng h tr c tra t bng Erlang B ng vi s TCH

ton tc v cp dch v (GoS) l 2%.6. HSDPA Throughput (High Speed Downlink Packet Access Throughput)

L thng lng ca dch vHSDPA (truy nhp gi ng xung tc cao). Hin

nay tc HSDPA ca Viettel ln ti 7,2Mbps.Phng php tnh: Tnh thng lng ng xung ca dch vHSDPA ca 1 cell.n vtnh: b/s hoc Kb/s hoc Mb/s (hoc bps/Kbps/Mbps).

7. HSUPA Throughput (High Speed Uplink Packet Access Throughput)

L thng lng ca dch vHSUPA (truy nhp gi ng ln tc cao). Tc upload c thln ti 5,76 Mbps.


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Phng php tnh: Tnh thng lng ng ln ca dch vHSUPA ca 1 cell.n vtnh: bps hoc Kbps hoc Mbps.

II. Thut ngthng dng trong mng ADSL& PSTN

1. ADSL (Asymmetric Digital Subcriber Line - ng thu bao s bt ixng)L mt dng trong DSL, ADSL cung cp mt phng thc truyn d liu vi

bng thng rng so vi phng thc truy nhp qua ng dy in thoi truynthng theo phng thc quay s(dial-up).

ADSL c tc ti xung (download) cao hn tc ti ln (upload) nn gi l bti xng (V d: Tc download/upload ti a ca gi Home N+ hin nay l 3072/512Kbps. Ta thy tc download l 3072 Kbps ln hn tc upload l 512 Kbps).

2. DSLAM (Digital Subcriber Line Access Multiplexer)

L thit bca nh cung cp dch vInternet kt ni vi khch hng sdngdch vADSL. y l thit btp trung cc ng dy thu bao kthut struy nhpa thnh phn. Thit b ny cung cp nhiu loi truy nhp dch v khc nhau nh:Internet tc cao xDSL, VoD, video multicasting, E-commerce3. BRAS (Broadband Access Sever - server truy nhp bng rng)

L thit bqun l ngi dng, iu khin tnh cc, qun l a ch(MAC, IP),iu khin dch vv qun l bo mt 4. Thi lng gin on thng tin mng A/P (TF)

L tng thi gian thu bao bgin on dch vtrong ngy (kt17hngy hmtrc n 17hngy hm sau):- i vi mng ADSL: Do li phn mng truy nhp t DSLAM ti mng Core gy ra.- i vi mng PSTN: Do li phn mng truy nhp t DLU, TF c tnh cho cc s

c trong ngy (i vi cc s c xy ra ngy hm trc, kt thc vo ngy hm sauth TF c tnh cho ngy hm sau).

- n v tnh: User*h.5. Scng dy thu bao

L scxy ra trong ngy mng ngoi vi ca nh cung cp.6. Thi gian thit lp dch v- Thi gian thit lp dch v c tnh t lc doanh nghip cung cp dch v v khch

hng k hp ng cung cp dch v (truy nhp Internet ADSL) cho ti khi khchhng c th s dng c dch v ny.

- Ch tiu: Thi gian thit lp dch v trong 2 ngy: 90%. Thi gian thit lp dch v trong 3 ngy: = 100%.


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7. Tlhon thnh sa cha li- Thi gian sa chali dch v c tnh t lc DNCCDV nhn cphn nhca

khch hng ti Call Centern lcDNCCDVkhc phcxong li dch vv khchhngs dng dch v bnh thng.

- Ch tiu:Thi gian sa6h, t l hon thnh khc phc li dch v 95%.8. FTTx Fiber To The x

y l cc dch vtruyn dn cp quang n tn thu bao khch hng. Vi FTTx,nh cung cp c tha ra nhng dch vbng rng, tc cao. Mt sdch vFTTxnh: FTTH (Fiber To The Home), FTTO (Fiber To The Office), 9. Office WAN

y l dch v cung cp kh nng kt ni cc mng chi nhnh ca mt doanhnghip vi nhau thnh mng ni b.10. Leasedline Internet, leasedline knh trng- L dch v cho thu knh ring, bng thng kt ni ca khch hng c m bo

khng b chia s vi cc thu bao khc.- Leasedline Internet l knh dng truy nhp Internet cn Leasedline knh trng l

truyn d liu theo ngi dng.

III. Thut ngthng dng trong mng truyn dn1. SDH (Synchronous Digital Hierarchy - phn cp sng b)

y l mt chun quc tvtruyn dn ng btc cao cho cc mng vinthng quang. SDH c mt sc im sau:- Tiu chun ha cao ton mng v giao din, ni cho s v u cui tp trung nn d

lp t v bo dng.- Kh nng tch/ghp ti thnh phn t cc tn hiu ton th d dng, trc tip.- Mng ng b tc cao c kh nng chuyn ti hiu qu v mm do cc dch v

bng rng.- C cc cp tc STM-1, STM-4, STM-16, STM-642. DWDM (Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing - ghp knh theo bcsng mt cao)

y l kthut cho php cc tn hiu quang cc bc sng khc nhau c thcng ghp vo si quang pha pht nhbghp knh. V tn hiu ghp ny struyndc theo si quang ti pha thu. Ti pha thu, lung tn hiu ny s qua b tch

bc sng thu c cc bc sng ring r. Mi bc sng htrn 10Gb/s.3. Lung E1

y l lung truyn dn c ghp t 32 lung PCM 64Kb/s. E1 c tc 2,048Mb/s.


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4. Lung STM-1 (Synchronous Transport Module level-1)STM-1 l mt chun truyn dn cp quang SDH theo ITU. Mt lung STM-1 c

tc 155,52 Mb/s.5. Lung STM-n (n = 4, 16, 64)

L lung Truyn dn quang c tc n x 155 Mbit/s.

CHNG 4: QUY NH QUN L CHT LNG MNG VIN THNG

I. Mt skhi nim cbn- Dch v bu chnh, vin thng l dch v bu chnh, dch v chuyn pht, dch v

chuyn pht nhanh v dch v vin thng.- Doanh nghip bu chnh; doanh nghip kinh doanh dch v chuyn pht, doanh

nghip kinh doanh dch v chuyn pht nhanh; doanh nghip vin thng c BBu chnh, Vin thng cp giy php cung cp dch v; doanh nghip vin thngc B Bu chnh, Vin thng cp giy php thit lp mng v cung cp dch vc gi chung l doanh nghip c cp php.

- Cc i l dch v bu chnh, i l dch v chuyn pht, i l dch v chuyn phtnhanh, i l dch v vin thng c gi chung l i l.

II. Danh mc dch vvin thng bt buc qun l cht lng- Dch vin thoi trn mng vin thng cnh mt t (Tiu chun bt bucp dng l QCVN 35:2011/BTTTT).- Dch vin thoi trn mng vin thng di ng mt t (Tiu chun bt buc

p dng l QCVN 36:2011/BTTTT).- Dch v truy nhp Internet ADSL (Tiu chun bt buc p dng l QCVN34:2011/BTTTT).

(Tham kh QCVN 35:2011/BTTTTQUY CHUN KTHUT QUC GIAVCHT LNGDCH V IN THOITRN MNG VIN THNG C NH MT T ban hnh kmtheo Thng t s 11/2011/TT-BTTTT ngy 26/05/2011 ca B Thng tin v Truynthng).

III. Cquan qun l Nh nc vcht lng dch vbu chnh, vin thng

- Cc Qun l cht lng Bu chnh, Vin thng v Cng ngh thng tin trc thucB Thng tin truyn thng l c quan qun l nh nc v cht lng dch v buchnh, vin thng trn phm vi c nc.

- Cc S Bu chnh, Vin thng qun l nh nc v cht lng dch v bu chnh,vin thng trn a bn qun l ca mnhtheo chc nng, nhim v v ni dung c

phn cng.


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IV. Trch nhim cung cp dch vbu chnh, vin thng1. Trch nhim ca cc doanh nghip cung cp dch v bu chnh, vinthng

- Thc hin nghim chnh cc quy nh v qun lcht lng dch v bu chnh, vinthng theo cc vn bn quy phm php lut c lin quan.

- m bo v duy tr cht lng dch v nh mc cng b. Thng xuyn t kimtra, gim st cht lng dch v do mnh cung cp. Khi c s c hoc khi pht hinmc cht lng dch v khng ph hp vi mc cng b phi thc hin ngay cc

bin php khc phc m bo cht lng dch v.- Phi hp vi cc n v, doanh nghip c lin quan trong vic duy tr cht lng dch

v lin mng.- Chu trch nhim v cht lng dch v do cc i l ca mnh cung cp theo cc quy

nh ca php lut.2. Trch nhim ca cc i l

Cc i l phi thc hin nghim chnh cc quy nh vqun l cht lng dchvbu chnh, vin thng theo quy nh. Cthnhsau:- Cc i l dch v bu chnh, i l dch v chuyn pht, i l dch v chuyn pht

nhanh phi m bo cht lng dch v tha thun trong hp ng i l.- Cc i l dch v vin thng l i l hoa hng c trch nhim m bo cht lng dch

v theo mc cht lng dch v m doanh nghip c cp php cng b. - Cc i l dch v vin thng l i l bn li chu trch nhim v cht lng dch v

do mnh cung cp.3. Trch nhim ca doanh nghip c cp php

Doanh nghip c cp php c trch nhim cng b cht lng theo tiu

chun bt buc p dng i vi cc dch vvin thng thuc Danh mc dch vvinthng bt buc qun l cht lng, dch vbu chnh cng ch. Mc cht lng cngbkhng c tri vi mc quy nh ca tiu chun bt buc p dng. Thtc cngbcht lng i vi cc dch vbu chnh, vin thng quy nh nhsau:- Doanh nghip c cp php gi h s cng b cht lng dch v bu chnh, vin

thng n cc Qun l cht lng Bu chnh, Vin thng v Cng ngh thng tin. Hs bao gm: bn sao giy php cung cp dch v; cng vn v vic cng b chtlng dch v bu chnh, vin thng; Bn cng b cht lng dch v bu chnh,vin thng (theo mu ti ph lc II ca quy nh ny); Danh mc cc ch tiu chtlng dch v bu chnh, vin thng.

- Trong thi hn 5 ngy lm vic k t khi h s hp l c chp thun, doanhnghip c cp php s c cpBn tip nhn cng b cht lng dch v buchnh, vin thng.

- Sau khi c cp Bn tip nhn cng b cht lng dch v bu chnh, vin thng,doanh nghip c cp php c trch nhim:


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Cngb Bn cng b cht lng dch v bu chnh, vin thng v Danh mccc ch tiu cht lng dch v bu chnh, vin thng trn trang tin in t(website) ca doanh nghip c cp php;

Nim yt Bn cng b cht lng dch v bu chnh, vin thng v Danh mccc ch tiu cht lng dch v bu chnh, vin thng ti ni d dng c c

tt c cc im giao dch. Tcng b cht lng theo tiu chun t nguyn p dng trn trang in t

(website) ca doanh nghip i vi cc dch v bu chnh, vin thng khc.Ch :Tham kho thm ti:

- Quyt nh s 27/2008/Q-BTTTT ngy 22/04/2008 ca B trng B Thng tin vTruyn thng v vic quy nh danh mc dch v vin thng bt buc qun l cht lng.

- Quyt nh s 33/2006/Q-BBCVT ngy 06/09/2006 ca B trng B Bu chnh,Vinthng quy nh v qun l cht lng dch v bu chnh, vin thng).

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