Kingdom Anamalia. Characteristics of Animals Multicelled heterotrophic eukaryotes Require oxygen for...
-
Upload
charlene-dennis -
Category
Documents
-
view
219 -
download
2
Transcript of Kingdom Anamalia. Characteristics of Animals Multicelled heterotrophic eukaryotes Require oxygen for...
![Page 1: Kingdom Anamalia. Characteristics of Animals Multicelled heterotrophic eukaryotes Require oxygen for aerobic respiration Reproduce sexually, and perhaps.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e1a5503460f94b07328/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Kingdom Anamalia
![Page 2: Kingdom Anamalia. Characteristics of Animals Multicelled heterotrophic eukaryotes Require oxygen for aerobic respiration Reproduce sexually, and perhaps.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e1a5503460f94b07328/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Characteristics of Animals
• Multicelled heterotrophic eukaryotes
• Require oxygen for aerobic respiration
• Reproduce sexually, and perhaps asexually
• Motile at some stage
• Develop from embryos
![Page 3: Kingdom Anamalia. Characteristics of Animals Multicelled heterotrophic eukaryotes Require oxygen for aerobic respiration Reproduce sexually, and perhaps.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e1a5503460f94b07328/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Major Animal Phyla
Chordates
Echinoderms
Arthropods
Annelids
Mollusks
Rotifers
Roundworms
Flatworms
Cnidarians
SpongesMulticelled Ancestry
Radial Ancestry
Bilateral Ancestry
Coelomate Ancestry
Single-celled, protistanlike ancestorsFigure 25.2Page 415
![Page 4: Kingdom Anamalia. Characteristics of Animals Multicelled heterotrophic eukaryotes Require oxygen for aerobic respiration Reproduce sexually, and perhaps.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e1a5503460f94b07328/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Symmetry
Radial Bilateral Figure 25.3Page 416
dorsal
posterior
ventral
anterior
![Page 5: Kingdom Anamalia. Characteristics of Animals Multicelled heterotrophic eukaryotes Require oxygen for aerobic respiration Reproduce sexually, and perhaps.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e1a5503460f94b07328/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
The Gut
• Region where food is digested and then absorbed
• Saclike gut– One opening for taking in food and
expelling waste
• Complete digestive system– Opening at both ends; mouth and anus
![Page 6: Kingdom Anamalia. Characteristics of Animals Multicelled heterotrophic eukaryotes Require oxygen for aerobic respiration Reproduce sexually, and perhaps.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e1a5503460f94b07328/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Body Cavities - Acoelomate
epidermisgut cavity
no body cavity; region between gut and body wall packed with organs
Figure 25.4aPage 417
![Page 7: Kingdom Anamalia. Characteristics of Animals Multicelled heterotrophic eukaryotes Require oxygen for aerobic respiration Reproduce sexually, and perhaps.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e1a5503460f94b07328/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Body Cavities - Pseudocoel
epidermis gut cavity
unlined body cavity (pseudocoel) around gut
Figure 25.4bPage 417
![Page 8: Kingdom Anamalia. Characteristics of Animals Multicelled heterotrophic eukaryotes Require oxygen for aerobic respiration Reproduce sexually, and perhaps.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e1a5503460f94b07328/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Body Cavities - Coelom
gut cavity
peritoneumlined body cavity (coelom) Figure 25.4c
Page 417
![Page 9: Kingdom Anamalia. Characteristics of Animals Multicelled heterotrophic eukaryotes Require oxygen for aerobic respiration Reproduce sexually, and perhaps.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e1a5503460f94b07328/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Body Cavities - Coelom
gut cavity
peritoneumlined body cavity (coelom) Figure 25.4c
Page 417
![Page 10: Kingdom Anamalia. Characteristics of Animals Multicelled heterotrophic eukaryotes Require oxygen for aerobic respiration Reproduce sexually, and perhaps.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e1a5503460f94b07328/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Animal Origins
• Originated during the Precambrian (1.2
billion - 670 million years ago)
• From what? Two hypotheses:
– Multinucleated ciliate became
compartmentalized
– Cells in a colonial flagellate became
specialized
![Page 11: Kingdom Anamalia. Characteristics of Animals Multicelled heterotrophic eukaryotes Require oxygen for aerobic respiration Reproduce sexually, and perhaps.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e1a5503460f94b07328/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Kingdom Anamalia
• Multicellular• Heterotrophic• Sexual reproduction • Produce gametes in sex organs, gonads• 95% lack a backbone and are called
invertebratees• Vertebrates aare a subphylum within the phylum
chordata• Aquatic and terrestrial• tissues organized into organs
![Page 12: Kingdom Anamalia. Characteristics of Animals Multicelled heterotrophic eukaryotes Require oxygen for aerobic respiration Reproduce sexually, and perhaps.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e1a5503460f94b07328/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Internal Organization
![Page 13: Kingdom Anamalia. Characteristics of Animals Multicelled heterotrophic eukaryotes Require oxygen for aerobic respiration Reproduce sexually, and perhaps.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e1a5503460f94b07328/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
![Page 14: Kingdom Anamalia. Characteristics of Animals Multicelled heterotrophic eukaryotes Require oxygen for aerobic respiration Reproduce sexually, and perhaps.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e1a5503460f94b07328/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
The Protostomes
Molluscs (Phylum Mollusca): shellfish such as clams and limpets, snails, slugs, octopus, and squid.
segmented worms (Phylum Annelida): earthworms, many marine worms that may be free-swimming or live in tunnels or tubes, and leeches
arthropods (Phylum Arthropoda): the most diverse group of animals, which includes insects, spiders, scorpions, ticks, mites, centipedes, millipedes, and crustaceans (aquatic organisms like shrimp and lobster.)
![Page 15: Kingdom Anamalia. Characteristics of Animals Multicelled heterotrophic eukaryotes Require oxygen for aerobic respiration Reproduce sexually, and perhaps.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e1a5503460f94b07328/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Phylum Mollusca
Mollusks have 3 body regions: a head, a visceral mass, and a "foot.“
![Page 16: Kingdom Anamalia. Characteristics of Animals Multicelled heterotrophic eukaryotes Require oxygen for aerobic respiration Reproduce sexually, and perhaps.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e1a5503460f94b07328/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
• Bilateral, soft-bodied, coelomate
• Most have a shell or reduced version of one
• Mantle drapes over body and secretes shell
• Most have a fleshy foot
• Many have a radula for shredding food
Mollusks: Phylum Mollusca
![Page 17: Kingdom Anamalia. Characteristics of Animals Multicelled heterotrophic eukaryotes Require oxygen for aerobic respiration Reproduce sexually, and perhaps.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e1a5503460f94b07328/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
• Gastropods
• Chitins
• Bivalves
• Cephalopods
Molluscan Diversity
![Page 18: Kingdom Anamalia. Characteristics of Animals Multicelled heterotrophic eukaryotes Require oxygen for aerobic respiration Reproduce sexually, and perhaps.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e1a5503460f94b07328/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
• Twisting of body parts during larval development
• Occurs only in gastropods
Torsion
mouth
anusgill
Figure 25.18Page 426
![Page 19: Kingdom Anamalia. Characteristics of Animals Multicelled heterotrophic eukaryotes Require oxygen for aerobic respiration Reproduce sexually, and perhaps.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e1a5503460f94b07328/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Body Plan of a Snail
gillanus
radula
foot
mantle cavity
digestive gland
mantle
heart
Figure 25.18Page 426
![Page 20: Kingdom Anamalia. Characteristics of Animals Multicelled heterotrophic eukaryotes Require oxygen for aerobic respiration Reproduce sexually, and perhaps.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e1a5503460f94b07328/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Body Plan of a Clam
mouthretractor muscle
left mantle
retractor muscle
foot
palpsleft gill shell
Figure 25.21Page 429
![Page 21: Kingdom Anamalia. Characteristics of Animals Multicelled heterotrophic eukaryotes Require oxygen for aerobic respiration Reproduce sexually, and perhaps.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e1a5503460f94b07328/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
![Page 22: Kingdom Anamalia. Characteristics of Animals Multicelled heterotrophic eukaryotes Require oxygen for aerobic respiration Reproduce sexually, and perhaps.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e1a5503460f94b07328/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
The coelom is a body cavity, within which internal organs can develop, which is completely lined with a middle layer of tissue in the body called mesoderm and distinct from the outer layer that makes up the skin (the ectoderm tissue) and the inner layer that makes up the digestive tract (the endoderm tissue.)
![Page 23: Kingdom Anamalia. Characteristics of Animals Multicelled heterotrophic eukaryotes Require oxygen for aerobic respiration Reproduce sexually, and perhaps.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e1a5503460f94b07328/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Class Amphineura“Chitons”
![Page 24: Kingdom Anamalia. Characteristics of Animals Multicelled heterotrophic eukaryotes Require oxygen for aerobic respiration Reproduce sexually, and perhaps.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e1a5503460f94b07328/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Characteristics
• Eight dorsal plates
• Reduced head
• One Foot
• Radula for scraping rocks
![Page 25: Kingdom Anamalia. Characteristics of Animals Multicelled heterotrophic eukaryotes Require oxygen for aerobic respiration Reproduce sexually, and perhaps.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e1a5503460f94b07328/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Class Gastropoda“Snails, limpets, abalones, slugs”
![Page 26: Kingdom Anamalia. Characteristics of Animals Multicelled heterotrophic eukaryotes Require oxygen for aerobic respiration Reproduce sexually, and perhaps.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e1a5503460f94b07328/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Spiraled Shell
![Page 27: Kingdom Anamalia. Characteristics of Animals Multicelled heterotrophic eukaryotes Require oxygen for aerobic respiration Reproduce sexually, and perhaps.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e1a5503460f94b07328/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Class Bivalvia (Cephalopoda)“clams, oysters and mussels”
![Page 28: Kingdom Anamalia. Characteristics of Animals Multicelled heterotrophic eukaryotes Require oxygen for aerobic respiration Reproduce sexually, and perhaps.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e1a5503460f94b07328/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Bivalvia
• Shell of two valves
• Head Reduced
• Gills
• No radula and filter feeders
![Page 29: Kingdom Anamalia. Characteristics of Animals Multicelled heterotrophic eukaryotes Require oxygen for aerobic respiration Reproduce sexually, and perhaps.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e1a5503460f94b07328/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Class Cephalopoda“Squid,octopi, chambered nautilus”• Shell external, internal or absent
• Foot modified into eight arms and some with two tentacles
• mantle muscular and forms a siphon for “jet” propulsion
• radula modified as a beak
• excellent vision
• All marine
![Page 30: Kingdom Anamalia. Characteristics of Animals Multicelled heterotrophic eukaryotes Require oxygen for aerobic respiration Reproduce sexually, and perhaps.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e1a5503460f94b07328/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
![Page 31: Kingdom Anamalia. Characteristics of Animals Multicelled heterotrophic eukaryotes Require oxygen for aerobic respiration Reproduce sexually, and perhaps.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e1a5503460f94b07328/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Cuttlefish Body PlanClosed circulatory system with heart and
accessory heart
stomachkidneyesophagus
digestive gland
brain
arm
jaw
tentacle radula
siphon
anusink sac
gillheart accessory
heart
reproductive organ
mantleinternal
shell
Figure 25.22Page 429
![Page 32: Kingdom Anamalia. Characteristics of Animals Multicelled heterotrophic eukaryotes Require oxygen for aerobic respiration Reproduce sexually, and perhaps.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e1a5503460f94b07328/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
![Page 34: Kingdom Anamalia. Characteristics of Animals Multicelled heterotrophic eukaryotes Require oxygen for aerobic respiration Reproduce sexually, and perhaps.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e1a5503460f94b07328/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Segmented, coelomate worms
• Class Polychaeta
• Class Oligochaeta
• Class Hirudinea
Annelids: Phylum Annelida
![Page 35: Kingdom Anamalia. Characteristics of Animals Multicelled heterotrophic eukaryotes Require oxygen for aerobic respiration Reproduce sexually, and perhaps.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e1a5503460f94b07328/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Phylum Annelida“segmented worms”
![Page 36: Kingdom Anamalia. Characteristics of Animals Multicelled heterotrophic eukaryotes Require oxygen for aerobic respiration Reproduce sexually, and perhaps.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e1a5503460f94b07328/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Class Polycheata“Bristle Worms”
• Many setae born on parapodia
• Relatively well devloped head
• Sedentary (tube dwelling)
• Errant (Swimmers or crawlers
• All are marine
![Page 37: Kingdom Anamalia. Characteristics of Animals Multicelled heterotrophic eukaryotes Require oxygen for aerobic respiration Reproduce sexually, and perhaps.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e1a5503460f94b07328/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Polychaetes
• Most are marine• Bristles extend
from paired, fleshy parapods on each segment
• Head end is specialized
Fig. 25.24cPage 430
“jaws”
toothlike structurespharynx (everted)antenna
palp (food handling)
tentacle
eyes
chemical-sensing pit
parapod
![Page 38: Kingdom Anamalia. Characteristics of Animals Multicelled heterotrophic eukaryotes Require oxygen for aerobic respiration Reproduce sexually, and perhaps.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e1a5503460f94b07328/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
![Page 39: Kingdom Anamalia. Characteristics of Animals Multicelled heterotrophic eukaryotes Require oxygen for aerobic respiration Reproduce sexually, and perhaps.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e1a5503460f94b07328/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Class Oligochaeta“Earthworms and Freshwater
Annelids”
• Few setae borne on parapodia
• Reduced head
• Terrestrial and Fresh water
![Page 40: Kingdom Anamalia. Characteristics of Animals Multicelled heterotrophic eukaryotes Require oxygen for aerobic respiration Reproduce sexually, and perhaps.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e1a5503460f94b07328/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
No parapodia, few bristles per segment
Earthworm - An Oligochaete
Nerve cord
Nerve cord
Dorsal blood vessel
Nephridium
Coelom
Circular muscle
Longitudinal muscle
Seta (retracted)Figure 25.25a
Page 431
![Page 41: Kingdom Anamalia. Characteristics of Animals Multicelled heterotrophic eukaryotes Require oxygen for aerobic respiration Reproduce sexually, and perhaps.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e1a5503460f94b07328/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Earthworm Nephridiumbladderlike storage region of nephridium
nephridium’s thin loop reabsorbs some solutes, relinquishes them to blood
blood vessels
body wall
external pore (fluid containing wastes discharged here)
funnel (coelomic fluid with waste enters here)
Figure 25.25bPage 431
![Page 42: Kingdom Anamalia. Characteristics of Animals Multicelled heterotrophic eukaryotes Require oxygen for aerobic respiration Reproduce sexually, and perhaps.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e1a5503460f94b07328/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Earthworm Circulatory System
Hearts
Figure 25.25cPage 431
![Page 43: Kingdom Anamalia. Characteristics of Animals Multicelled heterotrophic eukaryotes Require oxygen for aerobic respiration Reproduce sexually, and perhaps.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e1a5503460f94b07328/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Earthworm Digestive System
PharynxEsophagus
Crop Gizzard
Coelomic chambers
Mouth
Figure 25.25dPage 431
![Page 44: Kingdom Anamalia. Characteristics of Animals Multicelled heterotrophic eukaryotes Require oxygen for aerobic respiration Reproduce sexually, and perhaps.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e1a5503460f94b07328/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Earthworm Nervous System
Brain
Nerve cord Figure 25.25ePage 431
![Page 45: Kingdom Anamalia. Characteristics of Animals Multicelled heterotrophic eukaryotes Require oxygen for aerobic respiration Reproduce sexually, and perhaps.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e1a5503460f94b07328/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
![Page 46: Kingdom Anamalia. Characteristics of Animals Multicelled heterotrophic eukaryotes Require oxygen for aerobic respiration Reproduce sexually, and perhaps.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e1a5503460f94b07328/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
![Page 47: Kingdom Anamalia. Characteristics of Animals Multicelled heterotrophic eukaryotes Require oxygen for aerobic respiration Reproduce sexually, and perhaps.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e1a5503460f94b07328/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
![Page 48: Kingdom Anamalia. Characteristics of Animals Multicelled heterotrophic eukaryotes Require oxygen for aerobic respiration Reproduce sexually, and perhaps.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e1a5503460f94b07328/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
![Page 49: Kingdom Anamalia. Characteristics of Animals Multicelled heterotrophic eukaryotes Require oxygen for aerobic respiration Reproduce sexually, and perhaps.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e1a5503460f94b07328/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Class Hirudinea“Leeches”
• Body Flattened
• Anterior and Posterior Suckers
• Constant number of segments (32 or 33)
• Predatory or parasitic
• Anticoagulant
• No setae
• Most freshwater, Few terrestrial
![Page 50: Kingdom Anamalia. Characteristics of Animals Multicelled heterotrophic eukaryotes Require oxygen for aerobic respiration Reproduce sexually, and perhaps.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e1a5503460f94b07328/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
• Predators and parasites
• Less obvious body segmentation
• Most have sharp jaws
Leeches - Class Hirudinea
![Page 51: Kingdom Anamalia. Characteristics of Animals Multicelled heterotrophic eukaryotes Require oxygen for aerobic respiration Reproduce sexually, and perhaps.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e1a5503460f94b07328/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
![Page 52: Kingdom Anamalia. Characteristics of Animals Multicelled heterotrophic eukaryotes Require oxygen for aerobic respiration Reproduce sexually, and perhaps.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e1a5503460f94b07328/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)