Keracunan gas ( gas intoxication)

pathobiologi

Klasifikasi• BIOMEKANIK, BAROTRAUMA

• BIOKIMIA, GAS INTOXICATION (O2.CO2,CO, INERT)

• BIOFISIK, DECOMPRESSION SICKNESS

SINONIM INTOKSIKASI GAS INERT

PENYEBAB [STRESSOR] PENINGKATAN TEKANAN PARSIAL GAS INERT

INCIDENCE,SYMPTOMS, SIGNS 1. PENYELAMAN DENGAN UDARA KOMPRESI [AIR COMPRESSED], CAMPURAN GAS [MIXED GAS] 2. BERGANTUNG DENGAN KEDALAMAN. KECEPATAN KOMPRESI [DESCENT RATE] VARIASI DAN TOLERANSI PENYELAM 3. RIVERSIBEL GEJALA TERGANTUNG PADA DESCENT RATE 4. KEMUNDURAN INTELLECTUAL PERFORMANCE DAN NEUROPHYSIOLOGIC 5. PATHOGENESIS, BIOPHYSIC THEORY DAN BIOCHEMICAL THEORY

NARKOSE GAS INERT

CONTRIBUTING FACTOR 1. TEKANAN PARSIAL O2 2. TEKANAN PARSIAL CO2 3. ACCLIMATIZATION

PREVENTION

1. HINDARI BEKERJA MENYELAM LEBIH DARI 30 METER DENGAN UDARA KOMPRESI 2. SEGERA NAIK BILA TERASA GEJALA NARKOSE GAS INERT

NARKOSE GAS INERT

KATAGORI 1. CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM TOXICITY [OXYGEN EPILEPSY,PAUL BERT EFFECT] 2. LUNG TOXICITY [LORAIN SMITH EFFECT]

ETIOLOGI [STRESSOR] PENINGKATAN TEKANAN PARSIAL O2

INCIDENCE 1. SURFACE SUPPLIED SYSTEM DIVING 2. CLOSED CIRCUIT DIVING 3. HYPERBARIC OXYGEN THERAPY

OXYGEN TOXICITY

1. SEVERAL EXPOSURE TO OXYGEN [ABOVE 0,6 BAR]

2. PENURUNAN VOLUME PARU STATIS

3. PENYELAMAN DALAM [EXTENDED BOTTOM TIME]

PULMONARY OXYGEN TOXICITY

1. UNDER HIGH OXYGEN EXPOSURE

2. SYMPTOMS AND SIGNS

a. NAUSEA, VOMITING

b. GENERAL SENSATIONS

c. TUNNEL VISION

d. VERTIGO

e. TINNITUS

f. TWITCHING, CONVULSION[TONIC

CLONIC, LOSS OF CONSCIOUSNESS]

CNS OXYGEN TOXICITY

V = VISUAL DISTURBANCES

E = EAR DISTURBANCES

N = NAUSEA

T = TWITCHING

I = IRRITABILITY

D = DIZZINESS

[DONALD, 1947]

CNS OXYGEN TOXICITY

FACTORS WHICH AFFECT OXYGEN TOLERANCE 1. EXERCISE 2. INCREASEED FICO2 OR HYPOVENTILATION 3. HYPERVENTILATION 4. IMMERSION IN WATER 5. INERT GAS 6. REPEATED EXPOSURE 7. FEVER 8. COLD

CNS OXYGEN TOXICITY