Karl Lagerfeld

Karl Lagerfeld (born Karl Otto Lagerfeldt, 10September 1933) is a German fashion designer, artist,and photographer based in Paris. He is the head designerand creative director of the fashion house Chanel as wellas the Italian house Fendi and his own label fashion house.Over the decades, he has collaborated on a variety of fash-ion and art-related projects. He is well recognized aroundthe world for his trademark white hair, black glasses, andhigh starched collars.[5]

1 Early life

Lagerfeld was born in Hamburg. He has claimed hewas born in 1938 to Elisabeth of Germany (1897–1978,née Bahlmann) and Otto Ludwig Lagerfeldt from Swe-den. [6] He is known to insist that no one knows his realbirth date; interviewed on French television in February2009, Lagerfeld said that he was “born neither in 1933nor 1938.”[7] In April 2013 he finally declared that hewas born in 1935.[8] A birth announcement was, how-ever, published by his parents in 1933, and the baptismalregister in Hamburg also lists him as born in that year.[9]His older sister, Martha Christiane (a.k.a. Christel), wasborn in 1931. Lagerfeld has an older half-sister, Thea,from his father’s first marriage. His original name wasLagerfeldt (with a “t”), but he later changed it to Lager-feld as, in his words, “it sounds more commercial.”[10]

Purportedly, he grew up as the son of a businessmanat Carnation Company. His family was mainly shieldedfrom the deprivations of World War II due to his fa-ther’s business interests in Germany through the firmGlücksklee-Milch GmbH.[11][12] His father was in SanFrancisco during the 1906 earthquake.[13] His mother isfrom Berlin;[14] according to Alicia Drake, she was a lin-gerie saleswoman there when she met her husband andmarried him in 1930.After attending a private school, Lagerfeld finished hissecondary school at the Lycée Montaigne in Paris, wherehe majored in drawing and history.[15]

Lagerfeld was hired as Pierre Balmain’s assistant afterwinning the coats category in a design competition spon-sored by the International Wool Secretariat in 1955. In1958, after three years at Balmain, he moved to JeanPatou where he designed two haute couture collectionsa year for five years. His first collection was shown in atwo-hour presentation in July 1958, but he used the nameRoland Karl, rather than Karl Lagerfeld. Although, in

1962, reporters began referring to him as Karl Lager-felt or Karl Logerfeld. The first collection was poorlyreceived. Carrie Donovan, an American fashion jour-nalist, wrote that “the press booed the collection”. TheUPI noted: “The firm’s brand new designer, 25-year oldRoland Karl, showed a collection which stressed shapeand had no trace of last year’s sack.” The reporter wenton to say: “A couple of short black cocktail dresses werecut so wide open at the front that even some of the womenreporters gasped. Other cocktail and evening dresses fea-ture low, low-cut backs.” Most interestingly, Karl saidthat his design silhouette for the season was called by theletter “K” for Karl, which was translated into a straightline in front, curved in at the waist in the back, with a lowfullness to the skirt.His skirts for the spring 1960 season were the shortestin Paris, and the collection was not well received. Car-rie Donovan wrote that it “looked like clever and im-mensely salable ready-to-wear, not couture.” For his late1960 collection, he designed special little hats, pancakeshaped circles of satin, which hung on the cheek. Hecalled them “slaps in the face.” Karl’s collection was saidto be well received but not groundbreaking. “I becamebored there, too, and I quit and tried to go back to school,but that didn't work, so I spent two years mostly onbeaches—I guess I studied life."' In 1963, he began de-signing for Tiziani, a Roman couture house founded thatyear by Evan Richards (b. 1924) of Jacksboro, Texas.It began as couture and then branched out into ready-to-wear, bearing the label “Tiziani-Roma—Made in Eng-land.” Lagerfeld and Richards sketched the first collectionin 1963 together. “When they wound up with 90 outfits,Tiziani threw caution and invitations to the winds, bor-rowed Catherine the Great's jewels from Harry Winston,and opened his salon with a three-night wingding,” ac-cording to one report in 1969. Lagerfeld designed for thecompany until 1969. Elizabeth Taylor was a fan of thelabel; she referred to Evan as Evan Tiziani, which was, ofcourse, not his family name, and began wearing the out-fits in August 1966. Gina Lollobrigida, Doris Duke, andPrincess Marcella Borghese were also customers whileLagerfeld was designing the line. He was replaced in1969 with Guy Douvier (1928–1993).Lagerfeld began to freelance for French fashion houseChloé in 1964, at first designing a few pieces each sea-son. As more and more pieces were incorporated, hesoon designed the entire collection. In 1970, he alsobegan a brief design collaboration with Roman haute-couture house Curiel; its head was Gigliola Curiel, who

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2 2 INTERNATIONAL FAME (1982–PRESENT)

died in November 1969. Lagerfeld’s first collection therewas described as having a “drippy drapey elegance” de-signed for a “1930s cinema queen.” The Curiel man-nequins all wore identical, short-cropped blonde wigs. Healso showed black velvet shorts, worn under a black velvetankle-length cape.His Chloé collection for spring 1973 (shown in Octo-ber 1972) garnered headlines for offering something both“high fashion and high camp.” He showed loose Spencerjackets and printed silk shirt-jackets. He designed some-thing he called a “surprise” skirt, which was in an ankle-length, pleated silk, so loose that it hid the fact it was ac-tually pants. “It seems that wearing these skirts is an ex-traordinary sensation,” he told a reporter at the time. Healso designed a look inspired by Carmen Miranda, whichconsisted of mini-bra dresses with very short skirts, andlong dresses with bra tops and scarf shawls.From 1972, he collaborated with Italian fashion houseFendi, designing furs, clothing, and accessories.Starting in the 1970s, Lagerfeld has occasionally workedas a costume designer for theatrical productions. Hecollaborated with stage directors such as Luca Ronconiand Jürgen Flimm, and designed for theaters such as LaScala in Milan (Les Troyens by Hector Berlioz, 1980; di-rected by Ronconi), the Burgtheater in Vienna (Komödieder Verführung by Arthur Schnitzler, 1980; directed byHorst Zankl), and the Salzburg Festival (Der Schwierigeby Hugo von Hofmannsthal, 1990; directed by Flimm).

2 International fame (1982–present)

At the time, he was maintaining a design contract withJapanese firm Isetan to create collections for both menand women through 30 licenses, had a lingerie line in theU.S. produced by Eve Stillmann, was designing shoes forCharles Jourdan and sweaters for Ballantyne, and workedwith Trevira as a fashion adviser.In 2002, Karl Lagerfeld asked Renzo Rosso, the founderof Diesel, to collaborate with him on a special denimcollection for the Lagerfeld Gallery.[16] The collection,Lagerfeld Gallery by Diesel, was co-designed by Lager-feld and then developed by Diesel’s creative team, un-der the supervision of Rosso. It consisted of five piecesthat were presented during the designer’s catwalk showsduring Paris Fashion Week[17] and then sold in highlylimited editions at the Lagerfeld Galleries in Paris andMonaco and at the Diesel Denim Galleries in New Yorkand Tokyo. During the first week of sales in New York,more than 90% of the trousers were sold out, even thoughprices ranged from $240 to $1,840.[18] In a statement af-ter the show in Paris, Rosso said: “I am honored to havemet this fashion icon of our time. Karl represents creativ-ity, tradition and challenge, and the fact that he thought of

Lagerfeld at the 2007 Cannes Film Festival

Diesel for this collaboration is a great gift and acknowl-edgement of our reputation as the prêt-à-porter of casualwear.”[17]

Lagerfeld designed the costumes for the Carmen se-quences in the 2002 film Callas Forever; in 2004, someoutfits for singer Madonna for her Re-Invention tour, andrecently outfits for Kylie Minogue's Showgirl tour.Lagerfeld collaborated with H&M, which, on 12 Novem-ber 2004, offered a limited range of Lagerfeld clothes formen and women, in certain outlets. Only two days afterhaving supplied its outlets, H&M announced that almostall the clothes were sold out. However, Lagerfeld hasexpressed some fear that working with lower-end brandswill taint his image; although, in the past he has workedclosely with the hosiery designer Wolford.Lagerfeld is also a photographer. He produced Vision-aire 23: The Emperor’s New Clothes, a series of nudepictures of models and celebrities. He also personallyphotographed Mariah Carey for the cover of V magazinein 2005. In addition to his editorial work for Harper’sBazaar, Numéro, and Russian and German editions ofVogue, Lagerfeld photographs advertising campaigns forthe houses under his direction—Chanel, Fendi, and hiseponymous line.In the 1980s, Hans Christian Andersen tale “The Em-peror’s New Clothes” was published with drawings by

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Lagerfeld.The designer was also the subject of French reality-TVseries “Signé Chanel” in 2005. It covered the creation ofhis fall/winter 2004–2005 Chanel couture collection andaired on Sundance Channel in the United States duringthe fall of 2006.He has also supported and encouraged the work of up-and-coming designers including Philip Colbert of Rod-nik.On 18 December 2006, Lagerfeld announced the launchof a new collection for men and women dubbed K KarlLagerfeld, which included fitted T-shirts and a wide rangeof jeans.[19]

Lagerfeld has signed a deal with Dubai Infinity Holdings(DIH); an investments enterprise that focuses on first-of-its-kind projects in non-conventional growth sectors, inline with its mandate to fulfil unmet market needs. Lager-feld is to design limited edition homes on Isla Moda, theworld’s first dedicated fashion island, The World. Thisis a collaboration between Dubai Infinity Holdings andLagerfeld across the Cooperative Council of Arab Statesand India.A feature-length documentary film on the designer,Lagerfeld Confidential, was made by Vogue in 2007.Lagerfeld is the host of fictional radio station K109—TheStudio in videogame Grand Theft Auto IV.[20]

In 2008, he created a teddy bear in his likeness producedby Steiff in an edition of 2,500 that sold for $1,500.[21]and has been immortalized in many forms, which includepins, shirts, dolls, and more. In 2009, Tra Tutti beganselling Karl Lagermouse and Karl Lagerfelt, which aremini-Lagerfelds in the forms of mice and finger puppets,respectively.[22]

Lagerfeld with Prince Albert II and Princess Charlene ofMonaco, 2011

On 10 September 2010, the Couture Council of The Mu-seum at the Fashion Institute of Technology presentedLagerfeld with an award created for him, The CoutureCouncil Fashion Visionary Award, at a benefit luncheonat Avery Fisher Hall, New York.[23]

On 10 November 2010, Lagerfeld and Swedish crys-tal manufacturer Orrefors announced a collaboration todesign a crystal art collection.[24] The first collectionwas launched in spring 2011, called Orrefors by KarlLagerfeld.[25]

Lagerfeld’s apartment in Paris was published in theFrench issue of Architectural Digest in May 2012.[26]He also revealed his vast collection of Suzanne Belper-ron's pins and brooches and used the color of one of herblue chalcedony rings as the starting point for the Chanelspring/summer 2012 collection.[27]

In 2013, he directed the short film Once Upon a Time...in the Cité du Cinéma, Saint-Denis, by Luc Besson, fea-turing Keira Knightley in the role of Coco Chanel andClotilde Hesme as her aunt Adrienne Chanel.In 2014, an auction house in Florida announced that manyof Lagerfeld’s early sketches for the House of Tiziani inRome would be sold.[28][29]

3 Controversies

In 1993, he caused U.S.Vogue editor-in-chief AnnaWin-tour to walk out of his Milan Fashion Week runwayshow, when he employed strippers and adult-film starMoana Pozzi to model his black-and-white collection forFendi.[30]

There was much controversy from Lagerfeld’s use of averse from the Qur'an in his spring 1994 couture col-lection for Chanel, despite apologies from the designerand the fashion house. The controversy erupted after the1994 couture show in Paris, when the Indonesian MuslimScholars Council in Jakarta called for a boycott of Chaneland threatened to file formal protests with the governmentof Mr. Lagerfeld’s homeland, Germany. The designerapologized, explaining that he had taken the design froma book about the Taj Mahal, thinking the words camefrom a love poem.[31]

Lagerfeld was the target of a pieing by People for the Eth-ical Treatment of Animals (PETA) in 2001 at a fashionpremiere at Lincoln Center in New York City. The tofupies hurled by animal rights activists in protest of his useof fur within his collections, however went astray and hitCalvin Klein. A PETA spokesperson described the hit onKlein as "friendly fire,” calling Klein, who doesn't use fur,“a great friend to the animals” and Lagerfeld a “designerdinosaur,” who continues to use fur in his collections.[32]

Lagerfeld is attempting to defend the fur industry and theuse of fur in fashion. He himself doesn't wear fur andhardly eats meat. In a BBC interview in 2009, he claimedthat hunters “make a living having learnt nothing else thanhunting, killing those beasts who would kill us if theycould” and maintained: “In a meat-eating world, wear-ing leather for shoes and clothes and even handbags, thediscussion of fur is childish.” Spokespersons for PETA

4 6 REFERENCES

called Lagerfeld “a fashion dinosaur who is as out of stepas his furs are out of style.”[33] and “particularly delu-sional with his kill-or-be-killed mentality. When wasthe last time a person’s life was threatened by a mink orrabbit?"[34]

In 2010, PETA cites Lagerfeld, who used fake fur in his2010 Chanel collection, on its website as saying: “It’sthe triumph of fake fur… because fake fur changed somuch and became so great now that you can hardly see adifference.”[35]

Lagerfeld in 2009 joined critics of supermodel HeidiKlum. After German designer Wolfgang Joop calledKlum, who had posed naked on the cover of the Germanedition of GQ magazine, as being[36] “no runway model.She is simply too heavy and has too big a bust.”[37] Lager-feld retorted that neither he nor Claudia Schiffer knewKlum as she has never worked in Paris and is insignifi-cant in the world of high fashion, being “more bling blingand glamorous than current fashion.”[38]

Lagerfeld created an international furore on 9 February2012, when he called the singer Adele “a little too fat.”[39]This caused instant fury throughout the United King-dom, and Lagerfeld responded with a statement of apol-ogy. Adele hit back by saying she is like the majority ofwomen, and she is very proud of that fact.[40][41] Lager-feld later caused another controversy, on 31 July 2012,when he criticized Pippa Middleton, sister of Catherine,Duchess of Cambridge, for her looks. The comment wasmade when Lagerfeld was praising Catherine, Duchessof Cambridge, for her “romantic beauty” before adding:“I don't like the sister’s face. She should only show herback.”[42][43][44]

4 Image

4.1 Weight loss

When Lagerfeld lost 42 kg (about 92.6 lbs.) in 13 monthsin 2001, he explained: “I suddenly wanted to dress differ-ently, to wear clothes designed by Hedi Slimane.... Butthese fashions, modeled by very, very slim boys—and notmen my age—required me to lose at least 40 kg. It tookme exactly 13 months.” The diet was created specially forhim by Dr. Jean-Claude Houdret, which led to a bookcalled The Karl Lagerfeld Diet. He promoted it on LarryKing Live and other TV shows.[10]

5 Personal life

Lagerfeld had a long term relationship from early 1970swith socialite Jacques de Bascher (1951–1989) until hisdeath in 1989.[45]

Lagerfeld has owned numerous homes: in 1970s apart-

ment in the Rue de l'Universite in Paris, decorated in theArt Deco style, from the 1970s to 2000 the 18th-centuryChateau de Penhoët in Brittany, decorated in the Rococostyle, from the early 1980s an apartment in Monte Carlodecorated until 2000 in 1980s Memphis style, from themid-1990s to 2000 Villa Jako in Blankenese in Hamburg,decorated in the Art Deco style, from the 1990s to 2000the Villa La Vigie in Monaco, between the 1980s andthe 2000s he rented a 17th-century mansion (hôtel par-ticulier) in the Rue de l'Universite in Paris, decorated inthe Rococo and other styles, from 2006 to 2012 an apart-ment in Manhattan in New York (but never moved intoor decorated it), 1990s–2006 the summer villa El Horriain Biarritz, decorated in the modern style, and from the2000s on a house dating from the 1840s in Vermont inthe US. Since 2007 Lagerfeld has owned a 1820s housein Paris in Quai Voltaire decorated in modern and ArtDeco style.[45]

Lagerfeld owns a red point Birman cat named Choupette,which, on 1 June 2013, he indicated he would marry,were it legal.[46]

6 References[1] “Karl Lagerfeld – Biografie WHO'S WHO”.

Whoswho.de. 10 September 1938. Retrieved 26April 2012.

[2] “Karl Lagerfeld: Der “Strichjunge von Chanel” –Lifestyle”. Stern.De. 3 May 2005. Retrieved 26 April2012.

[3] “Fendi – Fashion – Modedesigner – 2010”. Mod-edesigner.jimdo.com. Retrieved 26 April 2012.

[4] http://de.kisswu.de/wordpress/2010/10/12/label-chloe/

[5] The ways in which Lagerfeld has carefully crafted hisiconic image is explored in the 2007 documentary, Lager-feld Confidential

[6] Colapinto, John (19 March 2007). “Profiles – In the now,where Karl Largerfeld lives”. The New Yorker. Retrieved8 September 2011.

[7] Interview on On n'est pas couché, France2, 21 February2009

[8] http://fr.news.yahoo.com/karl-lagerfeld-r%C3%A9v%C3%A8le-%C3%A2ge-premi%C3%A8re-fois-064500963.html

[9] Der grosseKarl wird schon 80DieWelt, 7 July 2013 (Ger-man)biography at Munzinger-Archiv (German)

[10] Lagerfeld, Karl; Houdret, Jean-Claude (2005). The KarlLagerfeld Diet. PowerHouse Books. ISBN 978-1-57687-251-2.

[11] Sahner, Paul (2009). Karl (in German). mvg verlag. p.15. ISBN 978-3-86882-015-7.

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[12] Encyclopedia of World Biography 9. Gale Research.1998. p. 161. ISBN 978-0-7876-2221-3. Retrieved 7January 2012. Fashion designer Karl Lagerfeld was bornon September 10, 1935, in Hamburg, Germany.

[13] Horyn, Cathy, “Why Fashion Films Are Usually Car-toons,” New York Times, Sun. Oct. 6, 2013, p. 13

[14] According to “Lagerfeld Confidential”, MarconiRodolphe, 2006.

[15] Biography News, Volume 1. Gale Research Company.1974.

[16] Tungate, Mark: “Fifty”. Gestalten Verlag; 2005. ISBN978-3-89955-095-5

[17] “Pop Goes the Diesel”. Vogue. 10 May 2002. Retrieved24 October 2011.

[18] Bailly, Jenny (9 August 2002). “Diesel Gets 'Experimen-tal' As Lagerfeld Gallery Takes Soho Store by Storm”.Fashionwindows.com. Retrieved 1 November 2011.

[19] “Karl Lagerfeld Launches New Denim Collection”. De-signer Denim News. 1 January 2007. Retrieved 8September 2011.

[20] “Karl Lagerfeld Becomes a Video-Game Character”. Ny-mag.com. 8 April 2008. Retrieved 8 September 2011.

[21] “Get Your Karl Lagerfeld Teddy Bear for Just $1,500!".New York Magazine. 22 August 2008.

[22] “Karl LagerFELT the finger puppet”. Sassybella.com. 26January 2010. Retrieved 24 October 2011.

[23] “2010 Couture Council Fashion Visionary Award: KarlLagerfeld”. Museum at FIT. Retrieved 8 September 2011.

[24] “Orrefors och Karl Lagerfeldt inleder designsamarbete”.Orrefors. 10 November 2010. Retrieved 8 September2011.

[25] Milligan, Lauren (8 June 2011). “Raise A Glass”. Vogue.Retrieved 8 September 2011.

[26] “Architectural Digest – Special issue by Karl Lagerfeld”.AD / Architectural Digest (in French) (180). May 2012.ISSN 0990-977X.

[27] Ownens, Mitchell (May 2012). “Daily AD – “The aes-thete : collecting the singular jewelry of french designerSuzanne Belperron”. AD / Architectural Digest.

[28] “KARL LAGERFELD'S EARLY FASHIONSKETCHES TO BE AUCTIONED”. HollywoodReporter.

[29] Bergin, Olivia (2 January 2014). “Early sketches by KarlLagerfeld go up for auction in Florida”. London: Tele-graph.

[30] “Karl Lagerfeld’s strippers has Anna Wintour heading to-wards the exit, on”. Sassybella.com. Retrieved 26 April2012.

[31] Brozan, Nadine (25 January 1994). “Style – Chronicle”.The New York Times. Retrieved 8 September 2011.

[32] “Calvin Klein Pie-Faced”. CBS news. 11 February 2009.Retrieved 8 September 2011.

[33] Adams, Stephen (2 January 2009). “Karl Lagerfeld de-fends fur industry saying 'beasts’ would kill us if we didn'tkill them”. The Telegraph (London). Retrieved 8 Septem-ber 2011.

[34] Delfiner, Rita (3 January 2009). “Designer Gone 'Wild'".New York Post. Retrieved 8 September 2011.

[35] “Karl Lagerfeld’s 'Triumph of Fake Fur'". PETA. 10March 2010. Retrieved 8 September 2011.

[36] “Heidi Klum nackt in GQ” (in German). GQ Magazine.Retrieved 8 September 2011.

[37] “German designer Wolfgang Joop lashes out at super-model”. Bild.de. 17 April 2009. Retrieved 8 September2011.

[38] “Heidi Klum attacked byKarl Lagerfeld. Fashion designerthinks supermodel is “too bling bling"". Bild.de. 23 April2009. Retrieved 8 September 2011.

[39] “Karl Lagerfeld on Adele, the Greek crisis and M.I.A.’smiddle finger (UPDATED)". Metro.

[40] “Adele hits back at Lagerfeld’s 'too fat' comment”. CTVNews. Retrieved 20 February 2012.

[41] “What right does Karl Lagerfeld have to criticise Adele’sweight?". Daily Mail (London). Retrieved 20 February2012.

[42] Fitzmaurice, Sarah (31 July 2012). "'I don't like her face.She should only show her back': Karl Lagerfeld’s cuttingverdict on Pippa Middleton’s looks”. Daily Mail (Lon-don).

[43] Furness, Hannah (1 August 2012). “Karl Lagerfeld: Idon't like Pippa Middleton’s face”. The Daily Telegraph(London).

[44] “Karl Lagerfeld blasts Pippa Middleton: 'She should onlyshow her back'". Daily News (New York). 1 August 2012.

[45]

[46] “Video - Breaking News Videos from CNN.com”. CNN.

7 External links• Karl Lagerfeld Official Website

• New Yorker: John Colapinto: In The Now. WhereKarl Lagerfeld Lives Extensive profile (c. 10,000words)

• The Independent: Susannah Frankel: Being KarlLagerfeld: What’s it like being the most powerfulman in fashion? 5 November 2011

• “Interactive timeline of couture houses and cou-turier biographies”. Victoria and Albert Museum.

6 8 TEXT AND IMAGE SOURCES, CONTRIBUTORS, AND LICENSES

8 Text and image sources, contributors, and licenses

8.1 Text• Karl Lagerfeld Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl%20Lagerfeld?oldid=650373329 Contributors: Magnus Manske, William Av-ery, KF, Fuzheado, Andrewman327, SatyrTN, Morn, Dimadick, Bearcat, Robbot, Damion, TMC1221, Academic Challenger, Rhombus,Mervyn, JesseW, David Koller, Bobblewik, Sam, Sonett72, D6, YUL89YYZ, Speedway, Bender235, Pmcm, Mwanner, Triona, RobNS,David Gale, Nsaa, Alansohn, Lectonar, Hoary, DreamGuy, Wtmitchell, Grenavitar, Dragunova, Dennis Bratland, Kenyon, Editor99,Megan1967, Etacar11, Daniel Case, Kbdank71, Ted Wilkes, Rjwilmsi, Qaqaq, FlaBot, Pinkville, CrunchyCookie, Alphachimp, Bgwhite,Sceptre, Kollision, RussBot, Muchness, Ecryder, Nucleusboy, Ipsenaut, Bobak, Dlyons493, Navstar, Notscott, Photodork, Zzuuzz, Closed-mouth, Thiste, Saudade7, Curpsbot-unicodify, TheFearedMachina, One, Udimu, Sardanaphalus, LyndaLAX, Attilios, SmackBot, Pwt898,Griot, Roue, Kintetsubuffalo, Edgar181, Gilliam, Ohnoitsjamie, Skizzik, Quadratic, Carl.bunderson, Calliopejen, Kevin Ryde, Kung-ming2, Baa, Tryggvia, Ww2censor, Huon, Nakon, Mtmelendez, Martijn Hoekstra, Weregerbil, Battamer, Lawsonrob, Airwolf, Ohconfu-cius, MartrtinS, JzG, John, Gobonobo, PubliusTacitus, Robofish, Ckatz, Booksworm, Genisock2, Blakegripling ph, Courcelles, LessHeardvanU, Herfactor, JForget, Harlequin212121, Zarex, Wikifried, Toms2866, Morgansutherland, ShelfSkewed, Michal.Pohorelsky, Chicheley,Samuell, Gogo Dodo, Bellerophon5685, Cristian Cappiello, Rogwan, Tkynerd, Delta Spartan, Thijs!bot, TonyTheTiger, Drewerd, RroseSelavy, Marek69, JYing, CZmarlin, Chill doubt, Shousokutsuu, Mugzilla, Ericoides, Sqone, Awien, Bencherlite, Xn4, Freefry, Jorgebarrios,KJRehberg, Andypayne, FrF, Catgut, Theroadislong, Jocasta shadow, Bus stop, CommonsDelinker, J.delanoy, Thaurisil, FruitMonkey, Sf-photocraft, DMCer, Spellcast, VolkovBot, Pierson’s Puppeteer, Guthrum, Superpop, Technopat, Rei-bot, Lvivske, Una Smith, Falcon8765,Jean-Frédéric, El ninja de espaniol, Symane, Taylorjb, Euphi, Michellecrisp, Calliopejen1, Mangostar, Flyer22, Qst, Untogether, Fratrep,Jack the Stripper, Dillard421, StaticGull, Aleksandrit, A21sauce, ImageRemovalBot, Couture 123, ClueBot, Dvl007, Violetbeau, TheThing That Should Not Be, All Hallow’s Wraith, Cambrasa, Inez Korczyński, Christophschaefer, Mild Bill Hiccup, Excirial, Sainnomine,Alexbot, John Nevard, MovieMadness, Fbeauregard, Eddaido, SchreiberBike, Johnuniq, Sanjiovani, DumZiBoT, XLinkBot, GLGermann,Werdnawerdna, MystBot, Tomjacoby, Addbot, Yobmod, This is Paul, Aryevi, Tomtheeditor, Couturelink, Mbinebri, Numbo3-bot, Robo-mod, Lightbot, Kiril Simeonovski, Luckas-bot, Yobot, Ptbotgourou, Fraggle81, Julia W, The Earwig, AnomieBOT, RiverFattieRCool,Jim1138, Tamsen68, Materialscientist, GB fan, LilHelpa, Zad68, 5464536, Nygirl410027, GrouchoBot, Philosophy.marks.V.I. Lennin,Kyng, Jean-Jacques Georges, Ajnem, Kathrynkmd, Erik9, Fashionistas1, Catsue, Vlad858, Crystal Clear x3, Olivier BETTI, Jonesey95,Chewbacca66, Moonraker, Tonks.david, Stylemaven1, RedBot, Lauren Milligan, Whosyou?, Evenrød, WoodsPlaceGnome, Full-date un-linking bot, Diorissima, WP addict 0, Horst-schlaemma, Kgrad, EUvin, Peacedance, Tstormcandy, PleaseStand, RjwilmsiBot, Bento00,Rayman60, EmausBot, John of Reading, GoingBatty, Jim Michael, Sohauterightnow, Poulit, ZéroBot, Fæ, Brianshiau, Stemoc, IIIraute,Erianna, Cypherbrahiton, JosephMurillo, DASHBotAV, ClueBot NG, Mewanir, Jess2234, Stantonjones, Fashiongroupie, Mohkalb, Welle-scorp, Teñsor Jambou, Rodion88, Ashleygoldxo, Oddbodz, Helpful Pixie Bot, Cave felem, Dr. Whooves, JMS123, BattyBot, Mdann52,DemirBajraktarevic, Bluepict11, The Illusive Man, ChrisGualtieri, AnotherWeeWilly, Olivier.Baroin, Faeaeererergf, Nick Fisher, SFK2,Jamesx12345, Ultradash15, Melonkelon, TRGUY, Worsepainting, Alicesmartise, Claritybones, Thequartzcat, Jdaws125, Mikachi613,Synthwave.94, Pepeelgrillo, Niguda design, JaconaFrere, Yoshi24517, Monkbot, P-123, Sunshynes08, Dylanguirao, Verea’s, ArturZ72and Anonymous: 402

8.2 Images• File:Ambox_important.svg Source: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg License: Public do-main Contributors: Own work, based off of Image:Ambox scales.svg Original artist: Dsmurat (talk · contribs)

• File:CHANEL_No5_parfum.jpg Source: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/85/CHANEL_No5_parfum.jpg License:Public domain Contributors: The photo was taken in Vilnius, Lithuania Original artist: arz

• File:Chanel_logo.svg Source: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/35/Chanel_logo.svg License: Public domain Contribu-tors: http://www.brandsoftheworld.com/search/68351561/1165.htmlOriginal artist: Unknown

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