Kajang Local Plan MAJ 16

7/26/2019 Kajang Local Plan MAJ 16

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KKKH 4 84

PERANCANGAN BANDAR LESTARI

TASK : FINAL PROJECT

GROUP MEMBERS:

MATHIVANAN A/L MUTHUSAMY A141424

JOHNSON EMMANUEL SIEH A142804

AZMAN BIN AHMAD A141995

LECTURERS:

Prof. Ir. Dr. RIZA ATIQ ABDULLAH BIN O.K. RAHMAT

Dr. MUHAMMAD NAZRI BIN BORHAN


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Proposed Kajang (or any city) Local Plan for Sustainable Development

You are required to submit a brief proposal (about 3050 pages report) on Kajang Local Plan

for Sustainable Development.

The plan shall address four broad sustainable development objectives :

1. Maintenance of high and stable levels of economic growth and employment

2. Social progress which recognizes the needs of everyone

3. Effective protection of the environment

4. Prudent use of natural resources

The plan shall include the Sustainable Development Principles as follows:

1 Quality of Development

2 Integrating Transport and Development

3 Minimum environmental impact due to surge in travel demands

4 Development Access: Pedestrians, disabled people, cyclists, public transport, private transport

5 Parking

6 Urban Design Principles

7 Context: compatible with existing landforms and natural features, retain, and where possible

enhance important existing urban spaces, townscape, and park land, natural or historical features;

respect the existing layout of buildings within the street space, integrate into the local community

8 Safety and Security

9 Landscape and Biodiversity

10 Renewable Energy

11 Air Quality

12 Water Quality and Drainage


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INTRODUCTION

History:

Kajang and its surrounding areas is a sub-district located within the Hulu Langat District

in the state of Selangor. It is situated approximately 14 miles southeast of Kuala Lumpur. FromKuala Lumpur, Kajang can be reached by roads and rails. Kajang is also linked with Putrajaya,

the National Administrative Centre and Cyberjaya, the National Multimedia City. On its west is

situated Puchong town, Batu 3 and Klang. Basically Kajang consists of a number of Malay,

Chinese and Indian settlements.

The village areas largely are populated by Malays. The Chinese settlement pattern is

scattered around Kajang town. While rubber plantation areas are inhabited by settlers of Indian

descents. If viewed from its topographical perspective, Kajang sub-District is located on a

highland area which is approximately 76,250 cm from the sea level. Most of its landscape is hilly

filled with mountains. Its flatlands can be found at river-basins such as Sungai Langat, SungaiBangi, Sungai Semenyih and Sungai Chua. These areas are the early settlements explored in the

Sub-district of Kajang.

The traditional Malay communities were known to open up settlements at river valleys or

river basins especially in the valleys of Sungai Bernam, Sungai Selangor, Sungai Klang, Sungai

Langat and Sungai Lukut. The definition of Selangor actually refers to the five river basins of

these rivers. At the time the river was regarded as the connecting route for settlements. These

river valleys were very fertile for farming and suitable for the farmers who were dependant on

the land. They also carried out fishing activities.

The existence of Kajang also predicates upon these factors. There are a number of oral

stories regarding the early explorations of Kajang Town and its surrounding areas. According to

the elders, before the coming of outside settlers, Kajang and its surrounding areas were once the

residence of the Orang Asli community from the Temuan sub-tribe. According to a local

historian En. Shahabudin Ahmad, Kajang was explored in 1709 by the Orang Asli who were

based in Klang. During that time, Klang was ruled by Orang Asli with their leader called Batin

Seri Alam. This leader administered in Klang as at the time the forests were the administration

centres for the Orang Asli community. Klang had its own territories administered by the 3 sons

of Batin Seri Alam.

Present day Kajang

The total population of Kajang has grown rapidly in the past few years, with estimated

population growth of 9% per annum. The latest population in Kajang is 342,657 which is 60.4%

Malay, 19.3% Chinese, 9.7% Indians and 10.6% other ethnic groups. The employment in Kajang


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is coming from the industrial sector, public sector, and private sector and also agricultural. The

soon-to-be-realised Klang Valley MRT station in Bandar Kajang will boost the property value in

Sungai Chua.

As of 2004, a few township have been developed in Kajang, such as Taman Prima

Saujana (straight from Jalan Cheras), sungai Chua, Taman Kajang Perdana (Kajang Highlands).

Lately, many high-end developments has mushroomed in Kajang such as Twin Palms, Sri

Banyan, Country Heights, Jade Hills and Prima Paramount. Areas surrounding these new

townships are easily accessible via the SILK Expressway. Kajang is governed by the Majlis

Perbandaran Kajang.

The center of Kajang is the bustling Old Town, where all the roads meet. Most of the

colonial-era buildings were constructed around the 1920s to 1930s. The architecture of these

shophouses is a combination of traditional Chinese and European designs. The ground floor was

used mostly for commercial activities and the upper floor as the family living quarter.

One of Kajang's landmarks is Stadium Kajang which is situated in the heart of the town.

It is near a popular hangout place among the locals named Haji Samuri, which is also home to

the famous dish satay Kajang. People come from all over Malaysia to taste the satay here. The

stadium can accommodate up to 5,000 people and is used throughout the year for the community

soccer competitions.

Another landmark is the Kajang Mosque or Masjid Kajang, which is easily recognisable

by its bright yellow facade. The mosque was painted and decorated by a local wealthy man,

Datuk Ujang bin Bagong, for the benefit of the local Muslims. The mosque is lively at night with

Islamic activities.


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Vision and Mission:

The primary vision for this plan is to create quality and vibrant urban living in Kajang as a city

where the habitations will appreciate a better living with the advantages of a

sustainable environment. The mission is changing Kajang city and prioritizing with ingenuityand sensitivity, joining forces to make Kajang a self-reliance city. The standard goals of the plan

are:

a) To accelerate redevelopment by replacing old buildings with new to provide a better

living environment and neighborhood

b) to enable and encourage the rehabilitation of dilapidated buildings to prevent urban

disintegration;

c)

to preserve by maintaining and restoring buildings of historical and architectural value,

and to sustain local characteristics;

d) To revitalize through enhancing and strengthening the socio-economic and environmental

fabric for the benefit of the communities.

One of Kajang's landmarks is Stadium Kajang which is situated in the heart of the town. It

is near a popular hangout place among the locals named Haji Samuri, which is also home to the

famous dish satay Kajang. People come from all over Malaysia to taste the satayhere. The

stadium can accommodate up to 5,000 people and is used throughout the year for the community

soccer competitions.

Another landmark is the Kajang Mosque orMasjid Kajang, which is easily recognisable

by its bright yellow facade. The mosque was painted and decorated by a local wealthy man, Datuk

Ujang bin Bagong, for the benefit of the local Muslims. The mosque is lively at night with Islamic

activities.

For this project, we need to plan a sustainable city to ensure that the development is natural

environment, have a good transportation systems, enhance the living environment and at the same

time conserving the land. Safe and healthy living environment should be considered for the need

of all residence including disabled, disadvantage and the aged.


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1. Quality of Development

Vision 2020 called for total development and envisaged that, by the year 2020,

Malaysia can be a united nation, with a confident Malaysian society, infused by strong

moral and ethical values, living in a society that is democratic, liberal and tolerant, caring,

economically-just and equitable, progressive and prosperous and in full possession of an

economy that is competitive, dynamic, robust and resilient.

To realize the Vision, nine central strategic challenges will have to be met, viz.,

establishing a united Malaysian nation; creating a psychologically liberated, secure, and

developed Malaysian society; fostering and developing a mature democratic society; establishing

a fully moral and ethical society; establishing a mature, liberal and tolerant society; establishing

a scientific and progressive society; establishing a fully caring society and a caring culture;

ensuring an economically-just society; and establishing a prosperous society.

Producing a self-reliance town with a higher quality of living in Kajang that make up thecommunity are providing a healthy, productive, meaningful life for all community residents,

present and future. Whilst not all people and cultures value quality of life in the same way, some

of the basic issues to consider when determining quality of life include the availability of

employment, levels of homelessness and crime, and the presence of environmental pollution.

The main idea to develop this city is try changing the town centre to Cultural Districts,

Heritage Areas and Tourism, urban designers, developers and planners create new economic

value for historic places and the inner city.

Plan 1. Vibrant Center City-compact city; mixed used and activity centers

Figure 1: Interconnection system of Kajang.


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Figure 2: Future land use for Kajang municipal city

Figure 3: circle of sustainability


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Figure 4: Proposed municipal structure Kajang city development

The new city of Kajang Official Plan set out a long-term vision for continued development of

Kajang as a vibrant, livable city. It provides direction to Kajang council, residents, businesses

and investors about the appropriate use of land and the appropriate form of development in

Kajang over the next decades.

a) Activities in Community and Neighborhood


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b) Corridors-Urban and Neighborhood

Manner in which new growth can be directed with the Activities Centres and Corridors

a. Provide concentration of Jobs and people close to major transit facilities

b. Meet the residential and employment thresholds for each type of activity centre and

corridors

c. Support a concentrated built form that optimizes public investment and infrastructure

d. Provide a range of housing types, tenures, unit sizes and affordability

e. Are walkable and have excellent connectivity

Plan 2.Transit-supported Land use Framework

Area with the potential medium or higher density housing forms and greater mixed use will

be connected to the primary transit network which is a network of high frequency transit service

that operates every 10 minutes.

a. Locating higher density developments and transits supportive uses in Centres and

Corridors along the Primary Network

b. Increasing development densities near transit stations on Primary Transit Network

c.

Ensuring Design and mix of land use in these areas emphasizing on pedestrian oriented

environment and support transit

d. Managing traffic in station areas, particularly to reduce pedestrian or vehicular conflicts

Kajang CIRCLE: REALIZING THE FULLER POTENTIAL OF THE PARKS

AND BOULEVARDS SYSTEM


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The design of cities affects their inhabitants safety, health and sense of wellbeing.

People need better air, better water, less noise, and more space and nature to be healthier.

As with all biological systems, diversity is essential for health and renewal. Active street edges,traffic management, the provision of shelter and clear pathways between private and public space

all contribute to personal safety. Quality of life includes the human qualities of vibrant social

and leisure opportunities, social inclusiveness and support for cultural identity, a healthy natural

environment, and the simple sense for both residents and visitors that congenial amenities and

facilities are available. A better designed urban environment engenders more regular physical

activity through walking and cycling. Comfortable and stimulating spaces that incorporate

streets, squares, parks and gardens make a vital contribution to the health and wellbeing of

residents, visitors, workers and shoppers.

A city is an amalgam of moods, habits, customs and lifestyles. The interrelationshipsbetween these elements contribute greatly to the sense of identity of a city and its places. Local

culture plays a key role in encouraging rehabilitation of built or environmental heritage to

reinforce a communitys sense of belonging and greater city pride.

Social progress which recognizes the needs of everyone

Economic security

The design of cities affects their economic prosperity and stability.

Recognition that good design has direct and indirect economic dividends has been slow

to gain momentum in Australian cities. However, attractive and live-able places are vital factors

supporting economic growth in a fluid, global economy and influence decisions to invest locally

or elsewhere. Cities that give priority to cultural development are seen as more socially cohesive

and more economically dynamic and therefore more desirable places to live. Cultural

opportunities improve the quality of city life and are one of the deciding factors in settlement

patterns.

Democratic participation

The design of cities affects social cohesion and cultural vitality via civic interactions and shared

activities.

A city is sustainable when its people live in harmony in their common space, creating a

web of interconnected communities with a strong culture of social justice, equity and open

decision making. For example, the expression of cultural values through conservation of

historic places can sit equally alongside the integration of good contemporary design and art into

the public environment. A safe, comfortable engaging public realm also helps to attract social


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activity, foster social connectedness and build a sense of community.

Just as biodiversity is an essential component of ecological sustainability, so is cultural

diversity essential to social sustainability. Places should be meaningful (allowing people to make

strong connections between the place, their personal lives and the larger world), democratic

(accessible to all groups), and responsive (designed and managed to meet the needs andaspirations of users). Social inclusion is regarded as an integral condition of sustainable

development, recognizing the importance of public space to the processes of social learning,

public participation, equity, social inclusion and social integration. The involvement of local

residents, interest groups and stakeholders, non-government organizations and groups with

special needs is seen as central to the concept of sustainability.

A sustainable city provides a higher quality of life for now and the future. Today,

communities are being challenged to examine their expectations and aspirations. They are being

invited to develop new partnerships to achieve outcomes of economic, environmental, political,

social and cultural value. Communities are becoming increasingly attuned to the spirituality oftime and place, the interconnectivity of resources, and the multipurpose functions the landscape

can serve.

2. Integrating Transport and Development

The increase in the number of vehicles contributed to traffic congestion, particularly in

highly urbanized areas. Integrated transport planning is concerned with the development of broad

plans that address all aspects of the transportation system including benefits and impacts from

transport and impacts within the community. This plan sets the broad policy agenda required to

establish continuous improvement towards a sustainable transport system.

To address the congestion, measures were taken to continuously improve the transport

system, with an emphasis on making the system more integrated, efficient and reliable.

Commuter is the main modes of transportation to the Kuala Lumpur city, so the station should be

located nearer to the city so that the user would not have the problems to go to the station.

Besides, the school authorities should provide a traffic guard in front of the school during peak

hour to make sure the safety of the school children.

If possible, the town council of Kajang should provide a bus station in the city so that the bus

would have a proper bus station and the level of services would be increased. Proper bus station

should be constructed along the way from out of Kajang to the city especially from Bangibecause there are a lot of potential visitors from here due to existing of educational institution

such as UKM. Furthermore, we have planned to provide the exclusive lanes for public transport

which the buses or taxi will be separate with private cars. Then, we will give the better

information for all transport users, the pedestrians in public or private transportation, to allow

them to make the better judgements. Traffic flows can be smooth and congestion will be reduced

with better information.


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A good traffic management is aimed to optimizing the existing infrastructure and improving

the flow capacity at the city. Strategies that can be applied in Kajang City centre are:

i.

Redirecting the movement pattern of using the private transport to the public transportand also improving the service for public transport such as subway, busses and taxi

ii. Upgrading the road systems by widening and implementing the smart grid systemfor

the transportation systems.


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iii. Subway or underground Metro systems

It is because, we can minimizing the usage of the land use. A part from that, by using subway

we can reduce the emission of carbon monoxide and also reducing the noise pollution in the

city. This metro system is an electric passenger transport system with high capacity and high

frequency of services that totally independent from other traffic, road or pedestrian. Thelocation of the subway connecting the residential area to the commercial area at the centre of

the city and also to the Sungai Langat region. This Subway also linkage to Balakong which is

industrial area. Currently under progress, is the Klang Valley MRT from Sungai Buloh to

Kajang?

iv. Making a new Bus Rapid Transit Systems (BRT):

Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) is a high-quality bus-based transit system that delivers fast,

comfortable, and cost-effective services at metro-level capacities. It does this through the


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provision of dedicated lanes, with busways and iconic stations typically aligned to the center of

the road, off-board fare collection, and fast and frequent operations.

Because BRT contains features similar to a light rail or metro system, it is much more reliable,

convenient and faster than regular bus services. With the right features, BRT is able to avoid the

causes of delay that typically slow regular bus services, like being stuck in traffic and queuing topay on board.

v. Tram system in Kajang

A tram-train is a light-rail public transport system where trams run through from an urban

tramway network to main-line railway lines which are shared with conventional trains. This

combines the tram's flexibility and accessibility with a train's greater speed, and bridges the

distance between a main railway stations and a city centre.

There is also a train-tram, which is a train modified to also run on tramlines. Generally, the tram-

train and train-tram are interchangeable, although a train-tram is based on a train design modified

to also run as a tram and a tram-train is based on a tram design modified to also run on a train line.

A network of tramways will be forming part of the public transport system in Kajang


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Benefits of Tram System in Kajang City

a) Low-floor Vehicles

Convenient

Handicapped-friendly

b) Ease of access

c) Efficient Service

d) Broad Network

3. Minimum environmental impact due to surge in travel demands

Plan 1. Waste management

Kajang already exhibit many problems associated with unmanaged urbanization such as

pollution, inadequate water supply, weak sewerage infrastructure, waste disposal, high crime

rates, foreigners and traffic congestion. Even though development of city can increase the

economy and bring many benefits to us in facilities way but if we ignore about the negative

impacts, it will effect on our health. We have to balance the development and environment when

we develop our city to make it sustain and healthy.

In order to enhance the problems, the feasibility of constructing gross suspended solid

traps upstream and at other strategic locations to collect waste and reduced clogging should be

investigated to provide more effective long-term measures to prevent flooding. Other than that,

we have to do the maintenance of the sewerage system to prevent flood problems and

maintaining the flow capacity of the rivers and ensuring there is no clogging. To make sure the

waste is well organized, recycle centre will be provided at the city so that more people tend to

recycle and this situation will be win-win situation.

Waste management center in Kajang


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Plan 2. CAR BOOKING & SHARING (Using one instead of owning one)

Car sharing is popular in cities around the world because it is cost-effective for members

and it benefits our environment. Sharing cars reduces demand for new cars and encourages more

sustainable travel patterns, as members use public transport and walk and cycle more than people

who don't share a car. Car share users are charged by time and distance, at a rate set by eachoperator. Costs associated with fuel, vehicle maintenance and insurance are usually included in

the operator's hire fees. Car booking can be done through call or online system .Various mobile

points are available where the booked car can be collected from the nearest station

Bremen Car Sharing Benefits

700 private cars replaced by Car-sharing (3100 customers)

The Bremen Car-Sharer shows a reduction of about 5 million kilometers driven less by

car (per year) Increase the use of Public Transport and environmentally friendly transport

Reduction of CO2 emissions of about 1.9 tons per year

Improve environment qualities of cities

How Car Sharing works

Car-Sharing is a tool for sustainable and energy efficient urban development

It gives an alternative to car-ownership - and supplements the environmentally friendly

modes of transport

Reduce Parking Demand

Reduce the cost of Housing

It is a kind of 'mobility insurance' for cases when other modes are not sufficient

The integration into intermodal chains and into urban development is key factors of the

further development

Plan 3. ENHANCED ENVIRONMENTAL FRIENDLY VEHICLES (EEV)

Emission standards for the definition of a clean vehicle will be specified

The most severe exhaust emission standard for internal combustion engines issued to

date.

Economic incentives to switch to more environmentally friendly fuels will be

implemented

a) Clean Diesel Buses


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b) All new buses have to fulfill the EEV emission standard so that the entire fleet meets

the EEV standard.

b) Clean cars

Compressed natural gas (CNG)

In January 2011, there were approximately 350 CNG vehicles that resulted in a 60%

decrease in NOx emissions

Partnership with gas provider

Electric

Partnership with energy provider

Reduce the energy and emission of greenhouse gases

The silent and emission free brings new possibilities for improvement in quality of urban

life.

Electric cars and charging station


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4. Development Access: Pedestrians, disabled people, cyclists, public transport, private

transport

a)

Collective Transport (Public Transport)

Easy interchange between different Public Transport modes

Buses

Bicycle

Taxi

B) CyclingIndividual Transport Modes

The bicycle is the ultimate zero-emission-vehicle

cycle streets with priority for cyclists


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Provides layers, well defined signs for people with a visual impairment

C)

Disabilities people means of transportation

Accessibility:

Accessibility refers to the design of products, devices, services, or environments for

people who experience disabilities. The concept of accessible design and practice of accessible

development ensures both "direct access" (i.e. unassisted) and "indirect access" meaning

compatibility with a person's assistive technology (for example, computer screen readers).

Accessibility can be viewed as the "ability to access" and benefit from some system or entity.

The concept focuses on enabling access for people with disabilities, or special needs, or enabling

access through the use of assistive technology; however, research and development inaccessibility brings benefits to everyone.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8RO2q6oG7tA(transport care for disability people)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8RO2q6oG7tAhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8RO2q6oG7tAhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8RO2q6oG7tA


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5. Landscape and Biodiversity at Kajang city

In Kajang city, we can tell that there are some places that do not have any landscape and

also have some landscape only. Landscape at certain place is still not enough to sustain our Earth.

Furthermore,the landscape provided here in Kajang also less protected and less maintainance.

Ecological diversity in Kajang has a limited number of species of plants which means less variety

of flora and fauna which not able to ensure that the ecosystem is naturally sustained.The cause for

destruction of flora and fauna is new development where forest are replaced with high rise

building,roads or highway or other utilizes or facilities.In addition,we cannot deny that,the new

town development that are currently in process in Kajang,the developer and planner give a main

concentration or priority towards creating nice landscape with flora and fauna with consists of

recreational park such as lakes,jogging track and so forth.

Development Strategies:

a) Do not disturb;destruct;touch the reserved forest

All development activities are prohibited within this area and only recreational activities are

allowed here.


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b) Do the garden in every home as is our responsibility for our beloved environment

c) Do more landscape garden in the town.

d) Place tree and plants along the road.


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6. Renewable energy at Kajang

There is no renewable energy or a few station for renewable energy in the city of Kajang

but we produce energy that convert to the electricity from landfill which is located in

Semenyih,Kajang. We reuse methane gas that produces from the landfill the process then

continued by convert them to energy then make it be as electricity sources.

Issue at Kajang

Kajang is one of the most populated city in Malaysia.This is because Kajang have high

population of people and we can strongly tell that the capacity of this town is slightly exceeding

the limit of the area that should be occupied by the residential. Kajang city not only crowded with

people but its is also have high amount of vehicles on the road. Because of these issues,there are

possibilities for the environmental and social issues to arise. Here are some of the issues that we

figured out at Kajang which include:

1) Population in Kajang is increasing rapidly and the reasons behind it are can be migration

of people for better lifestyle and also due to high employment rate in commercial and public

sector.All the residential will be converged and concentrated at Kajang city as Kajang town

provide all facilities need by people here. Thus, the area will be crowded with people and

there is no wonder if everyday there is traffic jam in Kajang city.

2) Furthermore,lack of awareness on environmental issue will be a bigger problem faced by

our city Kajang.. This is because,the amount of solid waste that are produced from domestic

is increasing so rapidly.To overcome this problem,a proper waste management rules should


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be implemented here for example,starting 1st June 2016,the residents have to sort the

garbage or household waste according to its categort and if they fail to do that,there will

some amount of fine will be issue on them.Further,awareness on recycling,reuse,repair ,the

3R concenpt should be apply by residents for a proper waste management.

3) Moreover, high number in population of people and rapid development which occur almost

every part in Kajang also cause some environmental issue which result in pollution.There

are many type of pollution but the critical pollutions which should be give full

consideration in Kajang City are air pollution and water pollution. Vehicles are the main

cause for air pollution whereas water pollution is caused by irresponsible character of

citizen, industrial and residential waste which is discharge to Sg.Langat..This situation

cause pollution in Sg Langat and also make the residential uncomfortable with the

environment.

Here are some development strategies:

a) Every new building will have solar thermal power include at parking lot and also in house

to reduce the usage of electricity.

b) Methane from biogas is an excellent alternative energy source


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c) Use fluorescent light bulb to rreplace lamp. d) Street lamp using solar power

e) Windturbine is suitable in wide place that have wind


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7. Air quality

The term air quality means the state of the air around us. Good air quality refers to

clean, clear, unpolluted air. Clean air is essential to maintaining the delicate balance of life on

this planetnot just for humans, but wildlife, vegetation, water and soil. Poor air quality is a

result of a number of factors, including emissions from various sources, both natural and

human-caused. Poor air quality occurs when pollutants reach high enough concentrations to

endanger human health and/or the environment. Our everyday choices, such as driving cars and

burning wood, can have a significant impact on air quality. Why good air quality is important?

Good outdoor air quality is fundamental to our well-being. On average, a person inhales about

14,000 litres of air every day, and the presence of contaminants in this air can adversely affect

peoples health (see figure 4). People with pre-existing respiratory and heart conditions, diabetes,the young, and older people are particularly vulnerable.

Studies have shown that poor air quality can also adversely affect the natural environment.

Ecological damage may occur when air pollutants come into direct contact with vegetation or when

animals inhale them. Pollutants can also settle out of the air onto land and water bodies.


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From the soil, they can wash into waterways, or be taken up by plants and animals. Poor air quality

can also affect our climate.

These effects of poor air quality on human health and the environment can, in turn, have

negative economic impacts. We incur major costs, for example, for hospitalisation and medical

treatment, premature deaths, and lost work days. Damage to soils, vegetation, and waterways

may reduce the productivity of our agriculture and forestry industries. In urban areas, air

pollution can be costly when, for example, transport is disrupted (due to large-scale events like

volcanic eruptions), or corroded buildings need to be repaired.

Development Strategies

a) A well planned town divide into resident place and industrial.

We need to do grouping or divide the city according to industriral,education,government

building or services,shopping mall and utilities and finally residential areas.This is because

housing into industrial areas may present risk of exposure of residents to potential

hazardous conditions or other incompatible industrial/commercial activities. Increases in

risk of adverse health effects (low birth weight, birth defects, certain types of cancers) have

been reported near industrial area and in some multisite studies, and although biases and

confounding factors cannot be excluded as explanations for these findings, they may

indicate real risks associated with residence near certain industrial area. So resident area

must place not to near industrial area to give good air quality to residential.


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b) Green in environment

Plants have been proven to remove airborne harmful contaminants.Most people

spend the majority of time indoors at home or work. Air conditioning, improved

insulation, and energy-saving all reduce air exchange in buildings, so we breathe the

same air again and again.So we should think to make our surrounding to be green with

trees and with other nature aspect so that the air we breathe will be fresh and free from

pollutants.We must love nature as a family.1 tree for 1 house concept should maintain

and improve as Many tree for 1 house.

8. Drainage by Langat River Basin

The Langat River Basin is situated south and adjacent to the Klang Valley Malaysias

highly developed urban conurbation where the nations capital Kuala Lumpur is located. The

Langat River Basin covers three main districts or 20 Mukim. Several large federal government

projects are located within the Basin. These development projects have spurred and influx of

commerce and industry into the Basin, affecting not only the price of land but also the pattern of

human settlements, landscapes and ecology of the basin.

The main river in Kajang is Langat River which provides water for its population for

domestic as well as industrial and agriculture uses. However, due to some factors such as

population growth, rapid industrialization, urbanization and infrastructure development are


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changing the socioeconomic patterns of development are affecting the water quality and ecosystem

health of the Langat Basin. The amount of pollutants and garbage amount are increasing from time

to time. For further information, tropical ecosystems are among the most complex in the world.

Defining their health is a difficult task but concepts approaches and methods emerging from the

literature on ecosystem health increasingly provide insights in how this complexity can be properly

examined and understood.

The development in the Langat Basin typifies in general the pattern of urban and industrial

development on other parts of Malaysia and Southeast Asia. When new infrastructures, the most

important being roads, highways and bridge, are put in place urban sprawl spreads from existing

urban center, in this case Kuala Lumpur, Petaling Jaya, Shah Alam and Puchong to the north of

the Basin, into areas that are less developed. This leads to the conversion of agricultural land, andin some instances forest and other natural areas, into housing and industrial estates as well as

business and commercial center. Such development leads to the establishment of new growth from

existing towns and villages.

These areas form new urban center that replace natural and agricultural landscapes. Langat

River BasinProject River of Life Part II. We suggest continuing project river of life part II at

Langat River. The objective of this project is to transform the Langat River into a vibrant and

livable waterfront with high economic value. This transformation is divided into three components

that are river cleaning, beautification and river development.


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River cleaning. The objective of the River Cleaning is to clean and improve the water quality

from its current Class III until Class V water quality that not suitable for body contact transform

to Class II that suitable for body contact recreational usage.

Beautification.The objective of the River Beautification is to beautify the river to increase the

economic viability of the area.

Kajang River (Before Redevelopment)

Kajang River (During Redevelopment)


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9. PARKING

9.1. Interlock concrete paver parking

This special type of paver, also known as a segmental paver, is a very popular alternative to

brick, clay or concrete.

It provide longer pavement life, reduced maintenance costs and extend the replacement cycle

while conserving the use of raw materials. Concrete pavers improve the quality of life for an

environment and its users and it provide sustainable ecological solutions proven to last. It also

provides to effectively store and treat storm water runoff.

The structure of a permeable pavement system provides a base and sub base to store runoff. They

effectively trap suspended solids, process nutrients and oils and can immobilize heavy metals.


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Advantages of interlock parking

No cracking

3 times stronger than poured concrete

Pavers move with soil conditions

A large variety of paving styles

Multitude of color possibilities

Create your own design

Low cost, low maintenance

30 year + life expectancy

9.2. Bike parking

Bicycle parking is an important part of cycling infrastructure and as such is studied in the discipline

of Bicycle transportation engineering. In most of the United States, bicycle parking facilities are

scarce, or are so inadequate that nearby trees or parking meters are used. The hitching post type of

bicycle rack is an improvement over the old type that had a slot for the front wheel, not the frame,

but only allow for two bicycles per post.

Bicycle parking involves the infrastructure and equipment (bike racks, bicycle locks etc.) to enable

secure and convenient parking of bicycles. Arrangements for this include lockers, racks, manned

or unmanned bicycle parking stations including automated facilities, roofs for weatherproofing, as

well as specific legal arrangements for ad hoc parking alongside railings and other street furniture.

Sections of existing car parks can often be retrofitted as cycle parking, offering advantages of

location, cover and security and parking for more people.

Town planning policies and regulations are increasingly requiring provision for bicycle parking in

new developments, in addition to car parking. Many mass transit stations include bicycle parking


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in the form of bike racks or purpose-built bicycle parking stations to facilitate mixed-mode

commuting.

Secure bicycle parking is argued to be a key factor influencing the decision to cycle. To be

considered secure, the parking must be of a suitable design: allowing the bicycle to be locked via

the frame (see bicycle parking rack). A readily observable location can also permit so-called

passive security from passers-by. Weather protection is also desirable. As a rule, where cycling is

encouraged as an alternative to motoring, efforts are made to make bicycle parking more

convenient and attractive to use than nearby car parking arrangements. This usually means

providing a wide distribution of visible, clearly designated parking spots, close to the entrances of

destinations being served.

Storage rooms or bicycle lockers may also be provided. In some cases large concentrations of bike

parking may be more appropriate, sometimes being supervised and sometimes charging a fee -

examples include bicycle parking stations at public transport interchanges such as railway,

subway, tram, bus stations or ferry ports where they may be useful in mixed-mode commuting.


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9.3.Solar parking

Modern parking lots occupy acres of land that could be used many other things. As we transition

to electric cars and motorcycles having access to clean electricity to be able to recharge our

vehicles while we are away from them becomes almost a necessity.

One of the solution is by using the solar power shading structure. With this technology not only

are we able make more use of the land but we can power our cars and cities when the sun is shining

and protect our vehicles from the elements while they are parked.

Solar parking canopies are setting the standard for elevated solar power systems. Ideal for parking

lots or open areas adjacent to facilities, these solar PV parking structures generate on-site solar

electric power, reduce energy costs and provide premium shading with protection from the

weather.

This product is adaptable by design, accommodating unique property lines and differing

topography contours. Each system is individually engineered to optimize energy output in

available space, thereby maximizing your return on investment.


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9.4. Automated multi-level parking

An automated (car) parking system(APS) is a mechanical system designed to minimize the area

and/or volume required for parking cars. Like a multi-story parking garage, an APS provides

parking for cars on multiple levels stacked vertically to maximize the number ofparking

spaces while minimizing land usage. The APS, however, utilizes a mechanical system to transport

cars to and from parking spaces (rather than the driver) in order to eliminate much of the space

wasted in a multi-story parking garage. While a multi-story parking garage is similar to

multipleparking lots stacked vertically, an APS is more similar to an automated storage and

retrieval system for cars.

A multi-storeys car park (also called a parking garage, parking structure, parking ramp, parade,

parking building, parking deck or indoor parking) is a building designed for car parking and where

there are a number of floors or levels on which parking takes place. It is essentially a stacked car

park.

Advantages of multi-level parking

1. Lower construction cost

2. Secure and environmental-friendly nature

3. Optimal utilization of space

4. Minimal land use

5. Lower maintenance and operational cost
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-storey_car_parkhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parking_spacehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parking_spacehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parking_lothttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automated_storage_and_retrieval_systemhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automated_storage_and_retrieval_systemhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automated_storage_and_retrieval_systemhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automated_storage_and_retrieval_systemhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parking_lothttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parking_spacehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parking_spacehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-storey_car_park


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Example of multi-level parking

10.URBAN DESIGN PRINCIPLE

Urban design principles applied to a town or city can enhance appearance, transportation, the

public space along streets between the private property lines, and location decisions about

specific civic and private land uses. Property values should increase as well.

Urban design is a combination of ideas from architecture, landscape architecture, and urban

planning, with some general urban theory in evidence as well.

The term entered the vocabulary in the 1950s, but there is little agreement on its usage yet.

However, most people involved in community work think that urban design principles especially

emphasize what is apt to be called the public space.

his public realm includes the street, sidewalk, area between the street and the sidewalk, as well as


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civic buildings, plazas, parks, and greenways.

But also you might hear talk about building facades during passionate discussions about urban

design principles, especially if you have some architects gathered. It's safe to say that urban

design tends to be defined in terms of objects, patterns, textures, repetitions, themes, and

disparate elements that one might observe from the street.

The scale of the discussion of urban design principles might legitimately range from a block to

an entire city. And despite the term "urban design," smaller towns and cities, including villages,

need to become very aware of urban design principles.

Planning to effectively meet the conditions and realities of a Post Carbon, Climate Responsible

world will require a shift in our current understanding of what constitutes good urban design and

planning. Many of the practices that we now take for granted, such as planning cities around

automobile transportation, and zoning for single uses, will no longer be economically,

environmentally, or culturally viable. To address the changes in urban design and planning, we

are putting forward the following principles for resilient urban planning and design in a post-

carbon, climate-responsive building environment.

1. Density, Diversity and Mix

Resilient cities and neighborhoods will need to embrace density, diversity and mix of

uses, users, building types, and public spaces.

2. Pedestrians First

Resilient cities and neighborhoods will prioritize walking as the preferred mode of travel

and as defining component of healthy quality life

3. Transit Supportive

Resilient cities and neighborhoods will develop in a way that is transit supportive.

4. Place-Making

Resilient cities and neighborhoods will focus energy and resources on conserving,

enhancing, and creating strong, vibrant places, which are a significant component of the

neighborhoodsstructure and of the communitys identity.


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5. Complete Communities

Resilient neighbourhoods will provide the needs of daily living, within walking distance

(a 500 m radius).

6. Integrated Natural Systems

Resilient cities and neighbourhoods will conserve and enhance the health of natural

systems (including climate) and areas of environmental significance, and manage the

impacts of climate change.

7. Integrated Technical and Industrial Systems

Resilient Cities and neighbourhoods will enhance the effectiveness, efficiency and safety

of their technical and industrial systems and processes, including their manufacturing,

transportation, communications and construction infrastructure and systems to increase

their energy efficiency, and reduce their environmental footprint.

8. Local Sources

Resilient regions, cities, and neighbourhoods will grow and produce the resources they

need, in close proximity (200 kilometer radius).

9. Engaged Communities

The development of resilient cities and neighbourhoods will require the active

participation of community members, at all scales.

10.Redundant and Durable Life Safety and Critical Infrastructure Systems

Resilient Cities and neighbourhoods will plan and design for redundancy and durability

of their life safety and critical infrastructure systems. Planning and design of these

systems will aim for levels of redundancy and durability that are commensurate with the

increasing environmental, social, and economic stresses associated with the impacts of

climate change and peak oil.

11.Resilient Operations

Resilient cities and neighbourhoods will develop building types and urban forms with

reduced servicing costs, and reduced environmental footprints.

11.CONTEXT

Compatible with existing landforms and natural features, retain, and where possible enhance

important existing urban spaces, townscape, and parkland, natural or historical features; respect


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the existing layout of buildings within the street space, integrate into the local community.

12.SAFETY AND SECURITY

DEFINITION OF SECURITY AND SAFETY

Security: is the degree of resistance to, or protection from, harm. It applies to any vulnerable

and valuable asset, such as a person, dwelling, community, nation, or organization.

Safety: is the state of being "safe" the condition of being protected against physical, social,

spiritual, financial, political, emotional, occupational, psychological, educational or other types or

consequences of failure, damage, error, accidents, harm or any other event which could be

considered non-desirable. Safety can also be defined to be the control of recognized hazards to

achieve an acceptable level of risk. This can take the form of being protected from the event or

from exposure to something that causes health or economical losses. It can include protection ofpeople or of possessions.

Direct surveillance

Direct manned surveillance, involving for example police patrols, security staff, and widening

falls outside the scope of this guidance.

CCTV

The increasing use of Closed Circuit Television (CCTV) surveillance in urban Centres which is

being actively promoted by central government raises important issues, which are relevant to this

guidance but also extend well beyond the influence of the planning authority. In most cases, the

installation of CCTV will not require planning permission, but the installation of such equipment

on or affecting the setting of a listed building would require consent.

Home Office guidance emphasizes that CCTV is by no means a universal solution, that it will only

be effective as part of an integrated package of crime prevention measures, and that sensitive andprofessional management is essential for success. CCTV can be perceived as intrusive and a

restriction on personal freedom; there is a need for wider public debate on the impact of CCTV on

privacy and civil liberty


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Natural surveillance

Natural surveillance, on the other hand, is a cornerstone in the achievement of community safety.

Ensuring that spaces around buildings, footpath routes and open spaces are open to view from

adjoining occupied properties and/ or well-trafficked routes can assist in discouraging criminalactivity, by increasing the risk of detection, reducing opportunities for crime and making

potential offenders feel more vulnerable. The greater the level of use of public spaces by

responsible citizens, the greater will be the degree of natural surveillance

KAJANG CASE STUDY FOR SAFETY AND SECURITY

Since Kajang towns are small, degree of the contribution that natural surveillance will make are

quite low because of the low volume of people using communal space. The use of appropriate

lighting can on occasion assist in enabling surveillance, although on its own does not appear to

reduce crime. In designing any scheme, particularly housing proposals, care must be taken not to

infringe privacy to an unacceptable degree.

Kajang Local Plan MAJ 16

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Transcript of Kajang Local Plan MAJ 16