K to 12 Electronics LO1 learning module
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Transcript of K to 12 Electronics LO1 learning module
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Basic HandTools
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Driving
Tools
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Screwdrivers are hand tools
specifically designed to insertand tighten, or to loosen and
remove screws.
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A screwdriver comprises a
head or tip, which engageswith a screw, a mechanism toapply force by rotating thetip, and some way to positionand support the screwdriver,
the tip of which is shaped into fit a particular type ofscrew.
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a. Slotted Screwdriver is
used to drive or fastennegative slotted screws.
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b. Phillips Screwdriver used
to drive or fasten positiveslotted screws. It is ascrewdriver that could take
greater torque and couldprovide tighter
fastenings.
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Jeweler's Screwdriver
Set
is a set of smallscrew drivers
composed ofslotted and Phillips
screwdrivers
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SolderingTools
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Soldering Iron is a
device for applying heat tomelt solder in attaching
two metal parts. Asoldering iron iscomposed of a heated
metal tip and an insulatedhandle
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For electrical work, wiresare usually soldered toprinted circuit boards,
other wires, or smallterminals. A low-power
iron (20-30 Watts) issuitable for this work.
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2. Soldering Tool Stand is
a place where the solderingiron is placed duringusage. This will keep the
soldering iron away fromflammable materials. The
stand often comes with asponge used in cleaning thetip of the soldering iron.
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3. Desoldering tool is
used in removingsoldered wires and
components on printedcircuit boards for
troubleshooting andrepair purposes.
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Splicing Tools
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1. Long Nose is used for
holding, bending, andstretching the lead ofelectronic component or
connecting wires.
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2. Side Cutter is a wire-
cutting pliers, thoughthey are not used to grabor turn
anything, but are used tocut wires.
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3. Wire Stripper is a pair ofopposing blades much likescissors or wire cutters.The addition of a center
notch makes it easier to cutthe insulation withoutcutting the wire.
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Adjustable Wire Cutter Stripper
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Boring Tools
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1. 12V Mini-Drillis used
to bore or drill holes in theprinted circuit board
(PCB) with sizes from1/32 1/16.
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2. Portable Electric Drill isused for boring hole(s) inplastic or metal chassis
with the used of drill bitshaving sizes from 1/6 to
approximately 1/4.
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3. Metal Files These are hand
tools having a series ofsharp, parallel ridges orteeth. Most files have anarrow, pointed tang at oneend to which a handle can
be fitted.
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Flat File is parallel in width
and tapered in thickness;they are used for flatsurfaces and edges.
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Half Round File is tapered inwidth and thickness, comingto a point, and is narrower
than a standard half round andused for filing inside of rings.
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Round File - is also called rat-
tail file which is graduallytapered and used for many
tasks that require a roundtool, such as enlarging roundholes or cutting a scalloped
edge.
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CuttingTools
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1. Utility Knife is acommon tool used incutting various trades
and crafts for a varietyof purposes.
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2. Hacksaw is used for cutting
metals. Some have pistol gripswhich keep the hacksaw firm andeasy to grip. The small hand-held
hacksaws consist of a metal archwith a handle that fits around anarrow, rigid blade.
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Auxiliary Tools
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1. Magnifying Glass is a
convex lens which is used toproduce a magnified image ofan object. The lens is usuallymounted on a frame with ahandle. A magnifying glassworks by creating a magnifiedvirtual image of an objectbehind the lens.
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2. Paint Brush made of
bristles set in handle, usefor cleaning dirty parts of
acircuit or an object.
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Electronicequipment
a Volt-Ohm-Milliammeter It is an
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a. Volt Ohm Milliammeter. It is anequipment that combines three
functions: as a voltmeter thatmeasures both ac and dcvoltages; an ohmmeter that
measures resistance; andmilliammeter that measuressmall amount of dc current.
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As safety precautions in the
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As safety precautions in themaintenance of this instrument,
following should be observed:
1. Always rest the function
switch at 250V AC if anOFF position is not
availablein the instrument.
2 For current and voltage
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2. For current and voltage
measurements, alwaysset the function switch inthecorrect setting which
is a little higher than theexpected current or
voltage present in thecircuit.
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3. Place the instrument in
a cool dry place, awayfrom any magnetic
devices, and free fromvibrations.
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c. Signal generator. Asignal generator is adevice which producessimple wave forms.
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Such devices contain an
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Such devices contain anelectronic oscillator, a
circuit that is capable ofcreating a repetitive
waveform. These aretypically used in simpleelectronics repair
and design where they areused to stimulate a circuit
under test
In any activity involving
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In any activity involving
skills, it is a standardprocedure that you mustalways use the right toolor equipment properlythat would fit in a
particular task. In spite of
This reminder or
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This reminder or
caution, somestudents abuse the
use of tools and stillpractice the following
common faults thatmust NOT be done.
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Common Faults in
Using Hand Tools
Pliers:
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Pliers:
Do not increase thehandle length of pliers togain more leverage. Usea larger pair
of pliers or bolt cutters ifnecessary.
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Do not substitute pliersfor a wrench when turningbolts and nuts. Pliers
cannot grip these itemsproperly and might cause
a slip and create anaccident.
Direction: Answer
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Direction: Answer
briefly the questionsbelow.
1. Why is a low-power
soldering iron suitablefor electronic work?
2 Wh t th
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2. What are the
advantages of using amagnifying glass that is
foldable with built-inlight?
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3. Why is it best touse the right size of
Phillips-typescrewdriver?
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4 Why is it best touse the right size ofdrill bit in boringholes?
5 Wh d thi k
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5. Why do you think
is it best for asoldering iron to
have its solderingstand?
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f
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Whenever you perform a task in
the workshop you must usepersonal protective
clothing and equipment (PPE)that are appropriate for the taskand which conforms with your
local safety regulations andpolicies.
Your skill in using tools and
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Your skill in using tools andequipment will make your work less
difficult and ensurethat tasks are performed properlyand safely.
Hand Toolso screwdrivers, needle-nose pliers
Diagnostic Tools
o Analog or digital Volt-Ohm-Milliammeter, power supply
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Proper Use of Hand Tools
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Proper Use of Hand Tools
Use the proper type and sizeof screwdriver by matching itto the screw.
Phillips and Flat Head arethe most common types.
Do not over tighten screws
because the threads maybecome stripped.
In many types of work, hand tools areused every day They make work easier
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used every day. They make work easier
and allow people to be more efficient.However, majority of students often failto see the hazards these tools can
introduce. In this module "Hand ToolSafety" shows workers how accidentscan be significantly reduced byreviewing the various hazards that areassociated with specific types of tools.
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