[k .M & v[k .M & v
Transcript of [k .M & v[k .M & v
ijh {kk 2012ijh {kk 2012ijh {kk 2012ijh {kk 2012 f oKku ¼f oKku ¼f oKku ¼f oKku ¼Science½½½½
¼¼¼¼Hindi and English Version½½½½ [Time : 3 Hours] [Max. Marks : 75] funs Z'k % funs Z'k % funs Z'k % funs Z'k %
¼i½ lHkh iz'u vfu ok; Z gSA ¼ii ½ iz'u&i= esa nk s [k.M+ fn; s x;s gSa [k.M ^ v* vkSj [k.M ^c* [k.M&v ds lHkh iz'u oLr qfu"B g SaA b u iz'uksa ds mRrj mÙkj&iqfLrdk ds i zFke i`"B i j gh fyf[k;sA ¼iii ½ iz- Ø- 3 ls 9 r d vfr y?kqmRrjh; iz'u g SA bu ds mÙkj yxHk x 75 'k Cnk sa esa
fyf[k, A
iz- Ø- 10 ls 12 rd y?k qmRr jh ; i z'u gSaA b uds mÙkj yxHkx 120 'kC nksa esa
fyf[k, A
izØ- 13 ,oa 14 nh?k Z mÙk jh ; iz'u gSaA buds mÙkj yxHkx 150 'kCnksas esa
fyf[k, A
(iv) [k .M &c esa iz'u Øekad 3 ls 14 esa vkarfjd fo dYi fn;s x ;s g SaA ¼v½ tgkWa vko '; d gk s] LoPN ukek afdr fp= cukb;sA ¼vi½ izR; sd iz'u ds fy;s vk oafVR vad mlds lEeq[k vafdr g SaA Note: (i) All questions are compulsory.
(ii) There are two sections. Section-A and section -B Section-A has all the questions of
objective type write answer of these questions on first page of your answer book.
(iii) Q.No. 3 to 9 are very short answer type Que. Write their answers in Approx. 75
words.
Q. No. 10 to 12 are short answer type Que. write their answers in approx. 120 words.
Q. No. 13 to 14 are long answer type Que. write their answers in approx. 150 words.
(iv) Internal options are given in Q. No.-3 to 14 in Section-B
(v) Draw neat and clean labelled diagrams wherever required.
(vi) Marks alloted to each question are mentioned against the question.
[k .M & v[k .M & v[k .M & v[k .M & v [Section - A]
o Lrqf u"B iz'uo Lrqf u"B iz'uo Lrqf u"B iz'uo Lrqf u"B iz'u [Objective Type Questions]
1¼v½ fjDr LFkkuk sa dh i wfrZ dhft, A 1x5 = 5
1- i`Fo h dk dsUnzh; Hkkx---- ---- ---- ------dg ykrk gSA 2- eaxy dk s ----------------- ---x zg Hkh dgk tkr k g SA 3- 76 o"kk sZa ds varjky ij fn[kkbZ nsu s ok ys /kwedsrq dk s ------------- dgrs gSA 4- lw;Z ds lcls f udV dk xzg--- ---- -----------------g SA 5- f 'k {kk ds izlk j gsr q-----------------mixzg dk fodkl fd;k x;k A Ques:- 1(A) Fill in the blanks:
1. The Central innermost part of the earth is called.......................
2. The planet mars is known as .................planet.
3. .................Comet is seen after the interval of every 76 years.
4. The nearest planet from the sun is................ 5. ...............satallite is developed for the expansion of educational facilities- 1¼c½ lgh tksM+h cukb;sA 1 x 5 = 5
[k.M ^v* [k.M ^c*
1- nzo /kkrq 'O' jDr lewg
2- ekLVj xazfFk dsapqvk
3- lkoZf=d nkrk 'kq) jDr
4- usfÝfM;k ikjk
5- /keuh ih;w"k
lksfM;e
Fkk;jkbM
1[B] Make the correct pair for section "A" choosing from section "B":
A. Liquid metal 'O' Blood group
B. Master Gland Earthwarm
C. Universal Donar Pure Blood
D. Nefridia Murcury
E. Artery Pituitary Gland
Sodium
Thyroide
2¼v½ lgh fodYi pqudj fyf[k;s %& 1x5 = 5 1- foHkokUrj ekiu dk ;a= gSA
v- vehVj c- oksYVehVj l- ySDVksehVj n- 'kq"d lsy
2- okguksa ds ihNs dk n`'; ns[kus ds fy, fdl niZ.k dk mi;ksx gksrk gSA
v- mRry niZ.k c- vory niZ.k l- lery niZ.k n- mÙky ySal
3- feV~Vh ds rsy esa j[kh tkus okyh /kkrq gSA
v- iksVsf'k;e c- lksfM;e l- eSXuhf'k;e n- lksuk
4- dqdjeqÙkk ,d gSA
v- ijthoh c- lgthoh l- e`rksithoh n- dhVHk{kh
5- izdk'k la'ys"k.k dh fØ;k ikS/ksa ds fdl Hkkx esa gksrh gSA
v- tM+ c- ruk l- iÙkh n- Qwy
Ques:- 2[A] Choose the correct answer.
1. Potential difference can be measured by:
a. Ameter b. Voltmeter c. Lactometer d. Dry cell
2. The Mirror which is used to see the behind view in vehicle.
a. Convex Mirror b. Concave Mirror c. Plane Mirror d. Convex lens.
3. The metal which is kept in the Kerosin Oil.
a. Sodium b. Potassium c. Magnesium d. Gold
4. Mushroom is a
a. Symbiotic b. Parasitic c. Saprophytic d. Insectivorous.
5. In which part of the plant, the reaction of the photosynthesis is occured.
a. Root b. Stem c. Leaf d. Flower
2 ¼c½ izR;sd dk ,d okD; esa mÙkj fyf[k,A 1x5 =5
¼i½ nwj nf"V nks"k ds fuokj.k ds fy, fdl ySal dk iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA
¼ii ½ /kkou lksM+k dk jklk;fud lw= fyf[k;sA
¼iii ½ 'kq) ty dk pH eku D;k gksrk gSA
¼iv½ Lo.kZ dh 'kq)rk fdlesa O;Dr djrs gSA
¼v½ fo|qr /kkjk dk S.I. ek=d fyf[k;sA
Ques: 2[B] Write answer in one Sentence:
(i) Name the type of the lens used to correct far-sightedness (Hypermetropia)
(ii) Write the chemical formula of washing soda.
(iii) What is the pH value of pure water.
(iv) Name the term which is used to express the purity of Gold.
(v) What is the S.I. unit of current electricity.
[Section - B ] vfr y?kqmRrjh; iz'u vfr y?kqmRrjh; iz'u vfr y?kqmRrjh; iz'u vfr y?kqmRrjh; iz'u [Very short Answer type question]
3 fuEu vfHkfØ;kvksa dks mnkgj.k ,oa jklk;fud lehdj.k lfgr le>kb;sA 4
¼i½ Å"ek{ksih vfHkfØ;k
¼ii ½ Å"ek'kks"kh vfHkfØ;k
Explain the following reaction with example & Chemical equations.
¼iii ½ Exothermic reaction
(iv) Endothermic reaction
vFkok ¼Or½ POP cukus dh fof/k] jklk;fud uke o lw= fyf[k;sA
Write the method of preperation chemical name and formula of Pop
iz'u 4 cgqyd D;k gSaA fdUgh nks cgqydksa ds uke o mi;ksx fyf[k;sA 4
What are polymers? Give the name of two polymers and their uses.
vFkok ¼Or½
gkbMªksdkcZu D;k gS\ fdUgh rhu gkbMªksdkcZu ds uke o lw= fyf[k;sA
What are hydrocarbon? Write the name and formula of any three hydrocarbon.
iz'u 5 IUPAC dk iwjk uke fyf[k,A rFkk fuEufyf[kr ;kSfxdksa ds lajpuklw= o
IUPAC uke fyf[k, 4
¼i½ feFkkby ,Ydksgy
¼ii ½ QkfeZy vEy
¼iii ½ QkesZfYM+gkbM+
Write the full form of IUPAC . Write the structural formula & IUPAC Name of the
following compound.
(i) Methyl Alcohol
(ii) Formic Acid
(iii) formaldehyde.
vFkok ¼Or½
jtr niZ.k ijh{k.k D;k gS\ lehdj.k lfgr le>kb,A
What is Silver Mirror test? Explain with equation.
iz'u 6 izdk'k la'ys"k.k D;k gS\ bl fØ;k dk jklk;fud lehdj.k fyf[k,A 4
What is photosynthesis? Write chemical equation of this process.
vFkok ¼Or½
vkWDlh rFkk vukWDlh 'olu esa varj Li"V dhft,A ¼dksbZ pkj½
Write differences between Aerobic and anaerobic respirations (Any Four)
iz'u 7 euq"; ds mRltZu ra= dk ukeakfdr fp= cukb;sA 4
Draw the laballed diagram of Excretory System of Human.
vFkok ¼Or½
ekuo g`n; dh ckg~; lajpuk dk fp= cukb;sA
Draw the laballed diagram of external structure of Heart.
iz'u 8 fuEufyf[kr ekSleh ikS/kksa ds 2&2vkS"k/kh; mi;ksx fyf[k;sA 4
Write the 2-2 medicinal uses of the following seasonal plant.
(i) Ginger ¼vnjd½ (ii) Tulsi ¼rqylh½ (iii) Turmeric ¼gYnh½ (ii) Garlic ¼yglqu½
vFkok ¼Or½
vkstksu ijr ds {kj.k ls gksus okys pkj nq"izHkko fyf[k,A
Write any four harmful effect of Ozone layer depletion.
iz'u 9 iznw"k.k D;k gS\ blds izdkjksa ds uke fyf[k, o fdlh ,d dk laf{kIr
o.kZu dhft,A 4
What is pollution? Write its types and explain any one pollution in short.
vFkok ¼Or½
vEy o"kkZ D;k gS\ blds nq"izHkko fyf[k,A
What is acid rain. Write the harmfull effect of acid rain.
y?kqmÙkjh; iz'u ¼y?kqmÙkjh; iz'u ¼y?kqmÙkjh; iz'u ¼y?kqmÙkjh; iz'u ¼Short Answer Type Question½½½½
iz'u 10 fudV n`f"V nks"k fdls dgrs gSa\ bls dSls nwj fd;k tk ldrk gS] fp=
lfgr le>kb,A
What is short-sightedness (Myopia). Explain with the help of diagram. How it is
corrected. 5
vFkok ¼Or½
okLrfod o vkHkklh izfrfcEc esa varj Li"V dhft,A
Write the difference between real image and vertual image.
iz'u 11 lksyj dqdj dh fØ;kfof/k fp= lfgr le>kb,A 5
Explain the mechanism of Solar Cooker with labelled diagram.
vFkok ¼Or½ ukfHkdh; lay;u o ukfHkdh; fo[k.Mu esa ikWap varj fyf[k,A
Write five difference between Nuclear Fission and Nuclear Fusion.
iz'u 12 ukekafdr fp= dh lgk;rk ls iq"i ds uj o eknk tuukaxksa dk o.kZu
dhft,A 5
Explain male & Female organ of flower with the help of labelled diagram.
vFkok ¼Or½
;wdsfj;ksfVd Øksekslkse ¼xq.klw=½ dh jpuk dk lfp= o.kZu dhft,A
Explain the Structure of eucaryotic chromosome with labelled diagram.
nh?kZmRrjh; iz'u ¼nh?kZmRrjh; iz'u ¼nh?kZmRrjh; iz'u ¼nh?kZmRrjh; iz'u ¼Long Answer Type Question½½½½
iz'u 13 fo|qr ysiu D;k gS\ bldh fØ;kfof/k dk lfp= o.kZu dhft, ,oa blds
dksbZ nks mi;ksx fyf[k;sA 6
What is electroplating? Describe its machanism with diagram and write its uses
(Any two)
vFkok ¼Or½
'kq"d lsy dk lfp= o.kZu dhft,A
Describe dry cell with labelled diagram.
iz'u 14 yksgs ds fu"d"kZ.k dh izfØ;k dks fuEu inksa esa le>kb,A 6
¼i½ midj.k dk ukekafdr fp= ¼2½ vfHkfØ;k ds in
¼3½ vfHkfØ;k ds lehdj.k
Write the extraction of Iron under the follwoing points -
(i) Labelled diagram (2) Step of Reaction (3) Equation of reaction
vFkok ¼Or½
/kkrq o v/kkrq ds HkkSfrd o jklk;fud xq.kksa esa varj fyf[k,A ¼dksbZ 6½
Compare the physical & Chemical properties of metal & non-metal (Any 6)
vkn'kZ m Ùkjvkn'kZ m Ùkjvkn'kZ m Ùkjvkn'kZ m Ùkj f o"k ;& foKkuf o"k ;& foKkuf o"k ;& foKkuf o"k ;& foKku
le; % 3 ?k.Vkle; % 3 ?k.Vkle; % 3 ?k.Vkle; % 3 ?k.Vk i w.kkZad% 7 5i w.kkZad% 7 5i w.kkZad% 7 5i w.kkZad% 7 5 [ k[ k[ k[ k .M & v.M & v.M & v.M & v
o Lrqf u"B iz'uo Lrqf u"B iz'uo Lrqf u"B iz'uo Lrqf u"B iz'u iz'u 1 v & fjDr LFkk u dh iwfr Z dhft, & 1$1$1 $1$1
¼i½ ØksM+
¼ii ½ yky xzg
¼iii ½ g Syh
¼iv½ cq/k
¼v½ EDUSET
uksV& izR; sd lgh mÙkj ij ,d vad fn;k tkosA
c & lgh tksfM+;kWa cukb, 1 $1$1$1 $1
¼i½ ik jk +
¼ii ½ ih ;q"k xzaFk h
¼iii ½ O jDr lewg
¼iv½ dsap qvk
¼v½ 'kq) jDr
uksV& izR; sd lgh mÙkj ij ,d vad fn;k tkosA
iz'u 2 v & lgh fo dYi p qfu, 1$1$1 $1$1
¼i½ ok sYVehVj
¼ii ½ mÙky niZ.k
¼iii ½ lk sfM+; e
¼iv½ erksi thoh
¼v½ i Rrh
c & ,d okD; esa mÙkj nhft, 1$1$1 $1$1
¼i½ nw j nf" V nks"k ds fu okj.k ds fy, mÙky ysal dk i z;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA
¼ii ½ /kkou lksMk dk jklk;fu d lw= Na2Co3. 10 H2 O gSA
¼iii ½ 'kq) ty dk pH eku 7 gksrk gSA
¼iv½ Lo .kZ dh 'k q)rk dSjsV esa O;Dr djrs g SA
¼v½ f o|qr /kkjk dk S.I. ek= d ,Eih ;j gSA
uksV& izR; sd lgh mÙkj ij ,d vad fn;k tkosA
[k.M & c[k.M & c[k.M & c[k.M & c y ?kqm Ùkjh; i z'u y ?kqm Ùkjh; i z'u y ?kqm Ùkjh; i z'u y ?kqm Ùkjh; i z'u 4 vad
iz- Ø- 3 Å"ek {ksi h vf HkfØ;k & , slh vf HkfØ;k ftlesa Å"ek mRlftZr gksrh gS
Å"ek {ksi h vf Hkf Ø; k dg ykrh gSA
mnk - fcuk cq>s pwu s ¼CaO½ dh ty ls vf HkfØ;k gksu s i j vR ;f /kd ek= k
esa Å"ek mRi Uu g ksrh gSA 2 vad
2 2( )CaO H O Ca OH+ → $ Å"ek
fcuk cq> k pwuk ty cq>k pwuk
Å"ek 'kks" kh vf Hkf Ø;k & ,slh vf Hk fØ;k ftlesa Å"ek dk vo'kk s"k.k g skrk gS
Å"ek 'kks" kh vf Hk fØ;k dg ykrh g SA
m nk %&m nk %&m nk %&m nk %& ukb Vªk stu o vkWDlh tu dks vR ;f /kd rki ij xeZ dju s ij ukbfVªd
vkWDlkbM+ ¼NO½ curk gSA 2 vad
2 2N O+ 2 N O
uk bVªsk tu vkWDl htu ukbfVªd vk WDlkbM
uksV%& Å"ek {ksih vf HkfØ;k i j 2vad] Å"ek 'k ks"kh vf HkfØ;k ij 2 vad dq y 4 vad fn;s tk ;sA ¼2$2½
vFko k
POP c ukus dh fof /k &c ukus dh fof /k &c ukus dh fof /k &c ukus dh fof /k & f tIle dks dkc Zfud b Za/ ku dh vuqifLFkfr esa 1200C
rd
xeZ djus ij Iyk LVj vkWQ i sfjl cu rk gSA 2 vad
01204 2 4 2 2 22 .2 0 ( ) . 3CCaSo H CaSo H O H O → +
ft Il e Iy kLVj vkWQ isfjl
jklk;f ud uk e &jklk;f ud uk e &jklk;f ud uk e &jklk;f ud uk e & dSfY'k ;e lYQsV gsehgkb MªsV
jklk;f ud lw= &jklk;f ud lw= &jklk;f ud lw= &jklk;f ud lw= & 4 2 2 4 2
1( ) . 0 . 0
2CaSo H or CaSo H
uksV%& fof /k ij 2 vad] jk lk ;fud uke rFkk lw= ij 1&1 vad f n;s tk;sA ¼2$ 1$1½ iz'u Øiz'u Øiz'u Øiz'u Ø ---- 4 4 4 4 & c gqyd && c gqyd && c gqyd && c gqyd & fuEu v.kqHkkj ok ys leku ;k vlek u NksVs v.kqvk sa ds
la;ksx ls i zkIr gksu s okys mPp v.kqHkkj okys ;kSfxdksa dks cgqyd dg rs g SaA
cgqyd d s ukecgqyd d s ukecgqyd d s ukecgqyd d s uke o m i;k sx o m i;k sx o m i;k sx o m i;k sx
1- ikWyh Fkhu & cjlkrh ] f[kykSus] ikbi] cSx vkfn cukus esA
2- ikWyh fo ukb y DyksjkbM PVC Q'k Z dh VkbYl] f[kykSus] ikbi vkfn cu kus esaA
3- Vs¶ykWu & crZuksa i j u fpidus okyk vko j.k cukus esaA
uksV%& ifjHkk"kk ij 2 vad] uke o mi; ksx i j 2 vad dqy 4 vad fn;s tk ;sA ¼2$2½
v Fko kv Fko kv Fko kv Fko k g kbM ªksdkc Zu g kbM ªksdkc Zu g kbM ªksdkc Zu g kbM ªksdkc Zu
,sls dkc Zfud ;kSfxd tks dkcZu , oa gkb Mªk stu ls feydj cus gksrs gSaA
g kbMªksdkc Zu dgyk rs g SaA
gkbM ªksdkcZu ;kSf xd ds uk e ,o a lw=gkbM ªksdkcZu ;kSf xd ds uk e ,o a lw=gkbM ªksdkcZu ;kSf xd ds uk e ,o a lw=gkbM ªksdkcZu ;kSf xd ds uk e ,o a lw=
1- esf Fky ,Ydksgy & 3CH oH
2- esf Fky Dyksjkb M & 3CH Cl
3- ,slsVsYMhgkbM & 3CH CHO
¼ vU; dksb Z Hkh rhu gkb Mªk sdkcZu½
uksV%&if jHkk "kk ij 2vad] uke , oa lw= ij 2 vad ¼2$ 2½
iz'u Ø- 5 ¼2$ 2½ 4 vad
IUPAC d k i wjk uk e & d k i wjk uk e & d k i wjk uk e & d k i wjk uk e &
baVjus'kuy ;wfu;u vkWQ I; ksj ,.M ,I ykbM+ dsfeLVªh 1 vad
IUPAC u ke ,o a lajpuk lw= u ke ,o a lajpuk lw= u ke ,o a lajpuk lw= u ke ,o a lajpuk lw=
1- esf Fky ,Ydksgy & 3CH oH & esFksuk Wy 3 vad
2- QkWfeZd , flM & HCOOH & esFksuk sb y vEy
3- QkWesZYMhgkb M+ & HCHO & esFksuy
uksV%& uke i j 1 vad IUPAC uk e o lajpuk lw= ij 3 vad 1+3= 4
vFko k 4 vad
j tr niZ .k ijh {k.kj tr niZ .k ijh {k.kj tr niZ .k ijh {k.kj tr niZ .k ijh {k.k & & & & QkWesZYMh gkb M vR; ar vklk uh ls vk WDlhd`r gk s tkrk gS vr% ; g
izc y vipk;d ds :i esa dk;Z djrk gSA QkWesZYMhgkbM Vk Wysu vf HkdeZd dks pkWanh esa
vip f;r dj nsr k g SA
OHCO 22 66 +6 12 6 26 673C H O O Kcal+ +
3 4 4 3
2 2
2
2
2Light Hot
AgNo NH OH AgOH NH NO
AgOH Ag O H O
HCHO Ag O HCOOH Ag
+ → +
→ ↓ +
+ → +
jtr niZ.k
vf HkfØ;k esa eqDr pkWanh ij[ku yh dh vk arfjd nhokj ij te tkrh gSA
blls i j[kuyh niZ.k dh r jg pedus yxrh gS vr% b ls jtr ni Z.k ijh {k.k
dgr s g SA
uksV%&iwjk o.kZu dju s ij 4 vad fn;s tk ;sA
iz'u Ø- 6 4 vad izdk 'k la' ys"k.kizdk 'k la' ys"k.kizdk 'k la' ys"k.kizdk 'k la' ys"k.k
og f Ø; k f tlesa gjs i kS/ks lw;Z ds i zdk 'k dh mifLFk fr esa ty , oa
dkc ZuMk bvkWDlkbM ds }k jk HkksT; ink FkZ dkck sZgkb MªsV dk f uekZ.k djr s g S , oa
vkDlhtu xSl lgmRikn ds :i esa fudyrh gS izdk 'kla'ys"k.k dgykr h g SA
2 vad
2 vad
uksV%& ifjHkk"kk ij 2 vad] lehdj.k i j 2 vad 2+2 = 4 vad
vFko k
Sun Light
Chlorophyl
vkW Dlh 'o luvkW Dlh 'o luvkW Dlh 'o luvkW Dlh 'o lu vukW Dlh 'o luvukW Dlh 'o luvukW Dlh 'o luvukW Dlh 'o lu
blds fy, vk WDlhtu dh vko ';drk
g ksrh gSA
blds f y, vkWDlhtu dh vko '; drk
ugha gksrh gSA
bl fØ;k esa Hkkstu dk i w.kZ :i ls
vkWDlhdj.k gksrk gSA
blesa Hkk stu dk vi w.k Z vkWDlhdj.k gksr k
gSA
blesa Xywdk st ds ,d v.kq ls 38 v.kq
ATP d s izkIr gk srs g SaA
blesa Xywdkst ds ,d v.k q ls 2 v.kq
ATP ds izkIr g ksrs gSaA
bl fØ;k ds var esa CO2 rFk k ty
cu rk gSA
bl f Ø;k ds var esa CO2 rFk k ty ds
vykok ,f Fky vYdksgy Hkh c urk gSA
vU; dksbZ Hk h lgh mRrj f y[ku s ij Hkh vad fn;s tk ;saA uksV%& i zR;sd lgh varj f y[ku s ij 0 1 vad fn;k tk;sA 1$ 1$1$1 = 4 vad iz'u Ø- 7 4 vad
uksV%& LoPN ukekaf dr fp= cuku s ij 4 vad fn;s tk; saA
vFko k
uksV%& LoPN ukek afdr fp= ij 4 vad fn;s tk;sax saA iz'u Ø- 8 4 vad ekSleh ik S/kksa ds vk S"k /kh; mi ;ksxekSleh ik S/kksa ds vk S"k /kh; mi ;ksxekSleh ik S/kksa ds vk S"k /kh; mi ;ksxekSleh ik S/kksa ds vk S"k /kh; mi ;ksx 1111 ---- vnj d &vnj d &vnj d &vnj d & bldk mi ;ksx vkek 'kkf;d jksxk s] mYVh gksu s] ikp d mRrstd ds :Ik
esa f d; k tk rk g S ,oa i sfp'k] vfrlk j] fljnnZ , oa ewNkZ vku s ij f d; k tkrk g SA
2222 ---- rqylh rqylh rqylh rqylh & [kk Walh] lnhZ tqdk e] ydok ,o a Ropk jk sxksa esaA
3333 ---- g Ynh &g Ynh &g Ynh &g Ynh & , d izfr jks/kh ,oa ,UVhlsfIVd ds :Ik esaA
4444 ---- yg lqu &yg lqu &yg lqu &yg lqu & g`n; jksx] ew= jk sx] vkek 'kkf;d jk sxksa , oa o lk dks de djus esaA
uksV%& i zR;sd ikS/ks dk lgh mi ;ksx fy[k us i j ,d vad 1$ 1$1$1 = 4 vad vFko k
vkstksu ijr ds {kj.k d s n q"izHkko vkstksu ijr ds {kj.k d s n q"izHkko vkstksu ijr ds {kj.k d s n q"izHkko vkstksu ijr ds {kj.k d s n q"izHkko 1- euq"; dh Ro pk dh Åijh lrg dh dk sf 'kdk,Wa {kfrxzLr gks tkrh gSA
2- lw;Z ls vkus okyh ijkc Saxuh f dj.kk sa ds i zHkko ls Ropk dk dSalj gk s tkrk g SA
3- vuqo kaf 'kd fod`fr;kWa , oa fpjdkfyd jksx mRi Uu gks tkrs g SA
4- vkstksu ds {kj.k ls r kie ku esa o`f) gks jgh g SA uksV%&izR; sd lgh nq"i zHkko ij , d vad] b l izdk j dqy pkj vad fn; s tk;sA
1$1$1 $1= 4 vad iz'u Ø- 9 4 vad
iz nw"k.kiz nw"k.kiz nw"k.kiz nw"k.k
ok ;q ty ,oa feV~Vh ds Hk kSfrd jklk;fud rFkk tSf od y{k .kksa esa vo kafNr
if jorZu dk gksuk iznw"k.k dg ykrk g SA
iz nw"k.k ds izdkjiz nw"k.k ds izdkjiz nw"k.k ds izdkjiz nw"k.k ds izdkj
1- ok ;q i znw"k .k
2- ty i znw"k .k
3- e`nk i znw"k.k
4- /of u i znw"k .k
¼fdlh ,d dk laf {kIr o.k Zu½ uksV%& ifjHkk"kk ij 0 1 vad] i zdkjksa ds uke i j 01 vad] o.kZu ij 2vad dqy 4 vad & 1$1$ 2 = 4 vad
vFko k vE y o"kkZvE y o"kkZvE y o"kkZvE y o"kkZ
ok ;qe.My esa mif LFk r 2 2 2, ,SO NO CO vkfn xSlsa tyok" i ls fØ;k dj
ukbVªl vEy] u kbf Vªd vEy] lY¶;wf jd vE y vkfn cukrh g Sa tks o "kkZ ds ty
esa ?k qydj i`Foh ij vk tkrs gSa bls vEy o "kkZ dgrs gSaA
vE y o"kkZ ds nq"izHkk ovE y o"kkZ ds nq"izHkk ovE y o"kkZ ds nq"izHkk ovE y o"kkZ ds nq"izHkk o 1- i`Fo h dk ckgjh g jk o krkoj.k u" V gks tkrk gSA
2- ik S/kksa dh jksx i zfrjks/k d {kerk u"V gksus yxrh g SA
3- Hkwfe dh moZjk 'kfDr de gk s tkrh g SA
4- bekjrsa dkyh iM+ tkr h g SA
uksV%&if jHkk "kk ij 2 vad] nq"i zHkko ij 2 vad dqy 4 vad 2$2 = 4 vad iz'u Ø- 10 5 vad fudV n `f"Vnk s"kfudV n `f"Vnk s"kfudV n `f"Vnk s"kfudV n `f"Vnk s"k
bl nks"k ls ihfM+r euq"; ikl dh oLrq, Wa rks Li "V ns[k ldrk gS i jar q nwj
dh o Lrq,Wa Li "V ugha ns[k ldr k g SA 1 vad
nk s"k dk fuo kj.knk s"k dk fuo kj.knk s"k dk fuo kj.knk s"k dk fuo kj.k 2 vad
bl nks"k dks nwj djus ds fy, ,slk ySal i z;qDr djuk p kfg, tks u s= dh
vf Hklkjh {k erk dks de dj nsa vr% vor y ySal i z;qDr fd;k tkr k g SA
2 vad f p= % fu dV nf"f p= % fu dV nf"f p= % fu dV nf"f p= % fu dV nf" V nks"k ,oa fuo kj.kV nks"k ,oa fuo kj.kV nks"k ,oa fuo kj.kV nks"k ,oa fuo kj.k
uksV%& ifjHkk"kk ij 1 vad] fu okj.k ij 2 vad rFkk fp= ij 2 vad dqy 5 vad fn;s tk ;sA 1$2$ 2= 5 vad
vFko k
ØØØØ ---- o kLrfo d izf rfc Eco kLrfo d izf rfc Eco kLrfo d izf rfc Eco kLrfo d izf rfc Ec vk Hkklh izfrfcEcvk Hkklh izfrfcEcvk Hkklh izfrfcEcvk Hkklh izfrfcEc
1 oLrq ds fdlh fcUnq ls pyus okyh
fdj.ksa ijkorZu ds i 'pkr ftl fc anq
ij feyrh g Sa og oLrq ds ml fc anq
dk okLrfo d izfrfc Ec dg ykrk gSA
oLrq ds fdlh fcUnqa ls p yus ok yh f dj.ksa
ijkorZu ds i'pkr ftl f cnq ls gk sdj
vkrh izr hr gksrh g Sa og o Lr q ds ml fc anq
dk vk Hkklh i zfrf cEc dg ykrk g SA
2 ok Lrfod i zfrf cEc lnSo mYVk curk
gSA
vk Hkklh izfrfc Ec lnSo lh /kk c urk g SA
3 ok Lrfod i zfrfcEc dk s insZ ij izk Ir
fd;k tk ldr k g SA
bldks i nsZ i j i zkIr ugha f d;k tk
ldrk A
uk sV%& i zR;sd lgh varj i j vad fn;s tk ;s& dqy 5 vad
iz'u Ø- 11 5 vad lksy j dq dj dh fØ;kfof /klksy j dq dj dh fØ;kfof /klksy j dq dj dh fØ;kfof /klksy j dq dj dh fØ;kfof /k
lksyj dqdj dks /kwi esa j[k dj blds lery niZ.k dks bl izdkj
lkeaf tr djrs g S fd lw;Z dk izdk 'k lery ni Z.k ls ijko fr Zr gksdj lh /ks
lksyj dqdj ds fMC cs esa i zos'k djsA fMC cs ds vanj dk dk yk jax rFkk cr Zuksa d s
ckgj dk dkyk jax Å"ek dks vo 'kksf "kr djrk g SA fMCc s ds Åij yxk niZ.k
ijkofr Zr i zdk 'k dks fMCc s ds ckg j ugh a tkus nsr k ftlds QyLo :i fMCc s dk rki
c<+rk tkrk g S] ftlls Hk kstu i d tkr k g SA
2½ vad
fp = % lksyj dqdj 2½ vad
uksV%&fØ;kfof /k ij 2½ vad rFkk fp= ij 2½ vad dqy 2½+2½ = 5 vad fn;s tk;sA
vFko k
ukf Hk dh; f o[ k.Muukf Hk dh; f o[ k.Muukf Hk dh; f o[ k.Muukf Hk dh; f o[ k.Mu ukf Hkdh ; lay;uukf Hkdh ; lay;uukf Hkdh ; lay;uukf Hkdh ; lay;u
blesa ,d Hkkjh ukf Hk d nk s gYds ukf Hkdks esa
fo HkDr gks tkr k g SA
blesa nks gYds ukf Hkd la;qDr gk sdj ,d
Hkkjh ukf Hkd cukr s g SA
;g izf Ø;k lk ekU; rki ij laHko g SA ;g izfØ;k vfr mPp rki ij laHko gSA
fo[k.Muh; ink FkZ jsfM;ks/ kehZ gksrs gSA lay;u dju s o kys ink Fk Z jsfM;ks/keh Z ugha
gk srs g SaA
bl i zf Ø;k dks f u;af= r fd;k tk ldrk
g SA
bl i zfØ;k dk s fu;af=r djuk dfBu gk srk
gSA
vfu; af=r fo[k.Mu vf HkfØ;k ds vk /kkj ij
ijek.k q ce cuk ;k tkrk gSA
vfu;af =r lay;u vf HkfØ;k ds vk /kkj ij
gkbMªkstu c e c uk, tkrs gSA
uksV%& izR; sd lgh varj ij ,d vad fn;k tk ;s bl izdk j ikWap lgh varj fy[kus ij ikWap vad fn;s tk; sA 1$1 $1$1$1= 5vaad iz'u Ø- 12 5 vad
iq"i ds u j ,oa eknk tuu kaxiq"i ds u j ,oa eknk tuu kaxiq"i ds u j ,oa eknk tuu kaxiq"i ds u j ,oa eknk tuu kax 1111 ---- iqeax &iqeax &iqeax &iqeax & ;g iq"i dk uj tuukax gSA b lds nks Hkkx iqr Urq ,o a ijkxdk s"k g ksrs
g SaA ijkxdks"k esa i jkxd.k gksrs g SaA 1 vad
3 vad
fp = i q"i dh yEcor~ dkV
2222 ---- tk; kax & tk; kax & tk; kax & tk; kax & ;g i q"i dk eknk tuuk ax gSA blds rhu Hkk x g ksrs g SaA v.Mk 'k ;]
ofrZdk ,oa ofr ZdkxzA v.M+k 'k ; esa , d ;k vusd ch tk.M ik, tkr s gSaA
1 vad
uksV%&uj o eknk tuu kax dk o.kZu djus i j , d&,d vad rFkk fp= i j 3 vad fn;s tk ;sA 1$1 $3= 5 vad
vFko k
; wdsfj ;ksf Vd xq.k lw= dh la j; wdsfj ;ksf Vd xq.k lw= dh la j; wdsfj ;ksf Vd xq.k lw= dh la j; wdsfj ;ksf Vd xq.k lw= dh la j pppp uk &uk &uk &uk & x q.klw= esa f uEu lajpu k,Wa ikb Z tkrh g SaA
1111 ---- isfyd y & isfyd y & isfyd y & isfyd y & x q.k lw= dh lcls ckgjh ir yh f> Yyh isfydy dgykrh g SA
2222 ---- esfVªDl & esfVªDl & esfVªDl & esfVªDl & ;g i sfydy ds va nj ik ;k tk rk gS b lesa Øksek sfuesVk f LFkr gksrs g SA
3333 ---- ØksesfVM & ØksesfVM & ØksesfVM & ØksesfVM & izR; sd xq.klw= esa Øksesf VM ik;k tkrk g SA izR;sd Øk se sf VM esa dq.Mf yr
rUr q Økseksf uesVk i k, tkrs g SaA
4444 ---- Øk seksfe;j & Øk seksfe;j & Øk seksfe;j & Øk seksfe;j & Øk se ksfuesVk ds Åij Økseksfe;j ik, tkrs gSaaA Økseksf e;j essa thu
fLFkr gk srs g SaA
5555 ---- lsU lsU lsU lsU Vksf e;j &Vksf e;j &Vksf e;j &Vksf e;j & i zR;sd xq.klw= , d LFk ku ij ncdj ladjk gks tkr k gSA ;g ldjk
LFkku ls.Vªksf e;j ;k izkFk fed ladh.kZu dgykrk g SA fdlh &fdlh xq.klw= esa ,d
ls vf /k d ladh.kZu ik, tkr s gSa mUg sa f}rh;d ladh .k Zu dg rs g SaA
6666 ---- lsVsyk bV & lsVsyk bV & lsVsyk bV & lsVsyk bV & xq.klw= ds f}rh;d ladh.k Zu ds vkxs dk Hkk x lsVsykbV dg ykrk gSA
uksV%& o .kZu i j 3 vad r Fkk fp= ij 2 vad dqy 5 vad f n; s tk;sA 3$ 2=5 vaad iz'u Ø- 13 6 vad fo |qr ysi ufo |qr ysi ufo |qr ysi ufo |qr ysi u
fo |qr /kkjk ds jklk;fud izHkko }kjk ,d /kkrq dh lrg ij fdlh nwljh /kk rq
dk ysi u djus dh fØ;k dks fo|qr ysiu dgr s gSA
2 vad
fØ;k fof /k %&fØ;k fof /k %&fØ;k fof /k %&fØ;k fof /k %& /kkrq dh ftl oLrq i j ysiu djuk gskrk g S mls vPN h rjg lkQ djds mfp r
fo |qr vi ?kV~; esa dSFkk sM+ ds LFkkku i j yVdk nsr s gSa rFkk ftl /kkrq dh dyb Z ¼ysi u½
djuk gksr k g S mldh NM+ ;k IysV dks , uksM+ ds LFkku ij yVdk nsr s gSaA
tc fo|qr vi?kV~; e sa fo|qr /kk jk izokfgr dh tkrh g S rk s ,uk sM ds LFkku ij
iz; qDr /kkrq dh NM+ ?kqyus yxrh g S vkSj mldh i jr dSFkksM+ ij j[k h oLrq ij teus
yxrh g SA
2 vad
m i;ksx %& m i;ksx %& m i;ksx %& m i;ksx %& 2 vad
1- yksgs ls c us ik=ksa dk s tax ls cp kus ds fy, muij Øksfe; e ;k fudy /kkr q dh
ijr p<+kbZ tkrh gSA
2- pkWanh ;k vU; /kkr q ls cus vk Hkw" k.kska esa lksu s dh ped yku s ds fy, i zk;% lksus
dk ysi u f d;k tkrk gSA
uksV%&fØ;kfof /k ij 2 vad] f p= i j 2 vad rFkk mi;ksx ij 2 vad] b l izdkj
2$2 $2 dqy 6 vad fn;s tk; saA
vFko k 'kq" d lsy'kq" d lsy'kq" d lsy'kq" d lsy 3 vad
'kq"d lsy esa tLrs ds csyuk dk j ik= ds e/; esa , d dkcZu dh NM+ g ksrh gSA
dkc Zu dh NM+ vk Sj tLr s ds c syukdkj i k= ds e/; esa vek sfu;e Dyksjkb M vkSj ftad
¶yksjkbM+ dh ysb Z dks eSxuht MkbvkWDlkbM vkSj dkc Zu ds pw.kZ ds lk Fk feykdj Hkj
fn;k tkrk gS blds i 'p kr lsy dk Åi jh fljk ekse ls can dj nsr s gSaA 'k q" d lsy esa
dkc Zu dh NM+ ,uksM r FkktLrs dk ik = dSFkksM+ r Fkk veksfu ;e Dyksjkb M vkSj ftad
DyksjkbM dh ysbZ fo |qr vi?kV~; dh HkkWafr dk; Z djrs g SA blesa dkcZu dh NM+ ds
Åijh fljs i j , d ihr y dh Vksih yxh g skr h gSA 'kq"d lsy es veksfu;k xSl dks
ckgj f udkyus ds fy, lsy esa , d ckf jd fNnz c uk;k tkrk gSA
3 vad
uksV%& o.kZu ij 3 vad rFkk fp= ij 3 vad bl izdkj ¼3$3½ dqy 6 vad fn;s tk;saA
iz'u Ø- 14 1- ok R;k HkV~Vh esa fu"d"kZ.k dk f p=
3 vad 2222 ---- vf HkfØ;k ds in & vf HkfØ;k ds in & vf HkfØ;k ds in & vf HkfØ;k ds in & 2 vad
i. v; Ld dk lv; Ld dk lv; Ld dk lv; Ld dk l k a nz.k k a nz.k k a nz.k k a nz.k & g sesVkb V v;Ld dk lkanz.k nzo pkfyr /k qykbZ }kjk f d;k tkrk
g SA
ii. fu Lrki u %&fu Lrki u %&fu Lrki u %&fu Lrki u %& lkafnzr v; Ld dks ok;q dh vuqif LFkfr esa rhozr k ls xeZ f d;k tkrk
g S ftlls ueh ] xa/kd o vklZsfud dh v'kqf ); kWa nwj gks tkrh gSa rFk k v;Ld
ljU/kz gks tkrk gSA
iii. vip; u vip; u vip; u vip; u &&&& fuLrkfir v; Ld dks dk sd ,oa pwuk i RFkj dh fuf 'pr ek=k ds lk Fk
fef Jr fd;k tk rk g SaA vc b ls okR ;k HkV~Vh e sa di r Fkk dksu O;oLFkk ls fxjk ;k
tkr k gSA HkV~Vh ds Hkhrj f upys Hkkx ksa ls xeZ ok ;q izokfgr dh tkrh g SA bl ok;q
ls dksd ds ng u ds fy, vk WDlh tu dh vk iwfr Z gk srh gSA
vf HkfØ; k ds leh dj .k &vf HkfØ; k ds leh dj .k &vf HkfØ; k ds leh dj .k &vf HkfØ; k ds leh dj .k & 1 vad i. dkc Zu eksuksvkW DlkbM dk c uuk dkc Zu eksuksvkW DlkbM dk c uuk dkc Zu eksuksvkW DlkbM dk c uuk dkc Zu eksuksvkW DlkbM dk c uuk 2 2C O CO+ → $ Å"ek CCO +2 ¼dksd ls½ CO2→ ii. g se sVk bV dk vi p;u g se sVk bV dk vi p;u g se sVk bV dk vi p;u g se sVk bV dk vi p;u 0400 600
2 3 23 2 3CF e O C O F e C O−+ → + gse sVkbV dkc Zu ek suksvkWDlkb M yksgk dkcZu MkbvkWDlkbM uksV%& f p= i j 3 vad] vf HkfØ;k ds in i j 2 vad r Fkk leh dj.k ij 1 vad bl izdk j dqy 6 vad f n;s tk;sA ¼3 $2$1½
vFko k /kk rqvksa , oa v/kk rqvksa ds Hk kSfrd xq.k esa var j /kk rqvksa , oa v/kk rqvksa ds Hk kSfrd xq.k esa var j /kk rqvksa , oa v/kk rqvksa ds Hk kSfrd xq.k esa var j /kk rqvksa , oa v/kk rqvksa ds Hk kSfrd xq.k esa var j
/kk rq/kk rq/kk rq/kk rq v /kkr qv /kkr qv /kkr qv /kkr q
Å"ek ,oa fo| qr ds lqp kyd dqpkyd vi okn&xzsQk bV
lkek U;r% Bk sl ,o a pednkj Bksl] nzo] xSl ,o a pedf oghu
vk?kkro /kZuh; ,o a rU;] dBk sj ;g xq.k u gha
jklk;f ud xq.k esa varj jklk;f ud xq.k esa varj jklk;f ud xq.k esa varj jklk;f ud xq.k esa varj
/kk rq/kk rq/kk rq/kk rq v /kkr qv /kkr qv /kkr qv /kkr q
{kkjh; vkWDlkbM cukrh gSA vEyh ; ;k mnklhu vkWDlkb M c ukrh g SA
vEyksa ls f Ø;kdj H2 eqDr djrs g SA H2 eqDr ugha djrsA
/kukRed vko s'k dh izdfr _.k kRed vko s'k dh izd`fr
vU; dksb Z varj fy[ kus i j Hkh vad fn; s tk;saxsvU; dksb Z varj fy[ kus i j Hkh vad fn; s tk;saxsvU; dksb Z varj fy[ kus i j Hkh vad fn; s tk;saxsvU; dksb Z varj fy[ kus i j Hkh vad fn; s tk;saxs uksV%& i zR;sd lgh varj i j ,d vad bl i zdkj dqy 6 vad fn;s tk;saA
1$1$1$1$1$= 6 vad