Jointless Track Circuit Application Manual

8/10/2019 Jointless Track Circuit Application Manual

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Victorian Rail Industry Operators Group Standards

VRIOGS 012.7.35

CSEE (UM71)

Jointless Track Circuit Application Manual

Revision: Revision A

Issue Date: 2/8/2011

NOTE: This document is controlled only when viewed on the DOT Engineering Standards website. Any other copy of this document is uncontrolled, and the content may be inaccurate.

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VRIOGS 012.7.35 - CSEE (UM71) Jointless Track Circuit Application ManualRevision AIssue Date: 2/8/2011

APPROVAL STATUS

APPROVER STATUS DATE QUALIFICATIONS

Document Developer

VRIOG SteeringCommittee

Accredited Rail Operator

Metropolitan Train

(Metro TrainsMelbourne)

Intrastate Train(V/Line)

Interstate Train

(ARTC)

Tram

(Yarra Trams)

For any queries please contact [email protected].


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VRIOGS 012.7.35 - CSEE (UM71) Jointless Track Circuit Application Manual ii

PURPOSE OF THE STANDARD

The Standard has been created through the collaboration of members of theVictorian Rail Industry Operators Group (VRIOG) for the purpose of establishingstandards which, if implemented throughout the Victorian Rail Network, will facilitate

the interoperability of infrastructure.

The use of the Standard is not prescribed by law but, if adopted, conformity with theprovisions of the Standard is mandatory in order that the purpose of the Standard beachieved.

DISCLAIMER

The Standard is published by the Director of Public Transport for informationpurposes only and does not amount to any kind of advice.

Each person is responsible for making his or her own assessment of all suchinformation and for verifying such information. The content of this publication is not asubstitute for professional advice.

The Director of Public Transport and VRIOG accept no liability for any loss ordamage to any person, howsoever caused, for information contained in thispublication, or any purported reliance thereon.

COPYRIGHT STATEMENT

Director of Public Transport 2011.This publication is copyright. No part may be reproduced by any process except in

accordance with t he provisions of t he Copyright Ac t.Where information or material is so used, it should be used accurately and t he

Standard should be acknowledged as the source of t he information.


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VRIOGS 012.7.35 - CSEE (UM71) Jointless Track Circuit Application Manual iii

TABLE OF CONTENTS

SECTION 1.0 Conventions......................................................................................1 SECTION 2.0 Definitions.........................................................................................2 SECTION 3.0 Scope ............................ ............................. .............................. ........4

3.1 Scope ............................. ............................. .............................. ...................4 3.2 Application.............. .............................. ............................. ...........................4 3.3 History ............................ ............................. .............................. ...................4

SECTION 4.0 Background.......................................................................................5 4.1 General.........................................................................................................5 4.2 Track Circuit Operation and Components .......................... ..........................5

4.2.1 Principle of Operation......................... .............................. ....................5 4.2.2 Transmitter (TX) .......................... ............................. ............................5 4.2.3 Receiver (RX) .......................... ............................. .............................. ..6 4.2.4 Electrical Separation Joints (ESJs) ......................... ............................ .7

4.2.4.1 Air Core Inductors (ACIs)................................... ...............................9 4.2.4.2 Tuning Units (TUs)............................................................................9

4.2.4.3 Matching Units (MUs) ............................. .............................. ..........10 4.2.4.4 Dual Matching Units........................................................................11 4.2.4.5 Tuning Matching Units (TMUs).......................................................11

4.2.5 Track compensation capacitors..........................................................11 4.3 Intermediate Data Collectors (IDCs)............................................. ..............12

4.3.1 Pin Point Detectors (PPDs) ......................... .............................. .........12 4.3.2 Data Collectors (DCRs) .......................... ............................. ...............13

4.4 Track Circuit Specifications ............................. ............................. ..............14 4.4.1 Drop shunt .............................. ............................. .............................. .14 4.4.2 Traction return ......................... .............................. .............................14 4.4.3 Storage conditions..............................................................................14

SECTION 5.0 Design ........................... .............................. ............................. ......15 5.1 Signal Arrangement Level Design..............................................................15

5.1.1 General...............................................................................................15 5.1.2 Physical arrangement: End-fed track circuit ........................... ............15 5.1.3 Physical arrangement: Centre-fed track circuit.................. .................15 5.1.4 Physical arrangement: Track circuit over points .......................... .......17 5.1.5 Track circuit separation and frequency selection ............................ ...18

5.1.5.1 Separation with ESJ .......................... .............................. ...............18 5.1.5.2 Separation with IRJ.........................................................................19 5.1.5.3 ESJ leading into non-track circuited area ............................ ...........19 5.1.5.4 ESJ co-located with TPWS unit......................................................19

5.1.6 Track compensation ........................... ............................ ....................19 5.1.7 Traction requirements.........................................................................21 5.1.8 Use of Intermediate Data Collectors...................................................21

5.2 Detailed Level Design .......................... .............................. ........................22 5.2.1 Cable and wire requirements..............................................................22

5.2.1.1 Extended length cabling from location to trackside ........................22 5.2.2 Cable frequency allocation ........................... ............................. .........22 5.2.3 Track circuit adjustments....................................................................22 5.2.4 Universal adjustment .............................. ............................. ...............23 5.2.5 ESJ requirements............................ .............................. .....................24 5.2.6 TU requirements.................................................................................24 5.2.7 ACI requirements............. .............................. .............................. .......24 5.2.8 MU requirements............................. ............................... ....................24

5.2.9 PPD requirements ........................... ............................... ....................24 5.2.10 Delayed energisation..........................................................................25


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VRIOGS 012.7.35 - CSEE (UM71) Jointless Track Circuit Application Manual iv

5.2.11 Ventilation...........................................................................................25 5.2.12 Lightning protection ............................ ............................ ....................26

SECTION 6.0 Installation.......................................................................................27 6.1 All cabling............................. ............................ ............................ ..............27 6.2 Trackside units ........................... ............................. ............................ .......27

6.2.1 Matching Unit (Single) ............................ .............................. ..............27

6.2.2 Air Core Inductor ......................... .............................. .........................27 6.3 On-track and cabling from track to trackside..............................................27 6.3.1 ESJ arrangement................................................................................28 6.3.2 ACI track connection ......................... ............................. ....................28 6.3.3 TU track connection............................................................................28 6.3.4 Configuration: PPD.............................................................................28 6.3.5 Configuration: DCR .......................... .............................. ....................28 6.3.6 Configuration: ESJ..............................................................................29 6.3.7 Configuration: Centre-fed TX..............................................................29 6.3.8 Configuration: IRJ...............................................................................29

6.4 Location equipment and cabling from location to trackside.............. ..........30 6.4.1 Equipment coding...............................................................................30 6.4.2 Ventilation...........................................................................................31

SECTION 7.0 Testing and Commissioning ............................ ............................ ...32 7.1 General.......................................................................................................32 7.2 Track circuit setup ............................ ............................. ............................ .32 7.3 IDC setup ........................... .............................. ............................. .............32

7.3.1 PPD setup ............................. ............................. .............................. ..32 7.3.2 DCR setup ............................ .............................. ............................. ...33

7.4 Checking ......................... .............................. ............................. ................33 7.4.1 Checking TX ......................... ............................ ............................ ...33 7.4.2 Checking RX....................................................................................33 7.4.3 Checking PPD ........................... .............................. ........................33 7.4.4 Checking DCR.................................................................................34 7.4.5 Specific adjustment ........................... ............................. ....................35

SECTION 8.0 Appendix A .............................. ............................... ........................36 SECTION 9.0 Appendix B .............................. ............................... ........................61

9.1 Transmitter Adjustment Table KEM ............................. ............................61 9.2 Receiver Adjustment Tables KRV............................................................62 9.3 Electrical Separation Joint ESJ .......................... ............................. ........63 9.4 Insulated Rail Joint IRJ............................................................................67 9.5 Centre-fed Transmission............................ ............................. ...................71 9.6 Data Collector.............................................................................................73 9.7 Pin Point Detector .......................... .............................. ............................. .75 9.8 Transmitter Presentation and Coding.........................................................78

9.9

Receiver Presentation and Coding.............................................................83

9.10 Trackside Components ............................. ............................ .....................88 9.11 CSEE Trackside Box Support Post ............................ ............................... .92

SECTION 10.0 Specification for extended length TX/RX to MU cables ..............93 SECTION 11.0 Referenced Documents............................. ............................. ....94


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VRIOGS 012.7.35 - CSEE (UM71) Jointless Track Circuit Application Manual 1

SECTION 1.0 Convent ions

1) Words or phrases that appear capitalised out of context are defined within theDefinitions section of this VRIOG Standard.

2) The word Shall is to be understood as mandatory.

3) The word Should is to be understood as non-mandatory i.e. advisory orrecommended.4) Uncontrolled Standards may not be referenced within the VRIOG Standards.

These include former PTC Standards, Franchisee Standards, FranchiseeSubcontractor Standards and Infrastructure Lessee Standards.

5) Controlled Standards, including Australian Standards and other VRIOGStandards, may be referenced but only if: The referenced item can not be adequately explained with an amount of

text that could not reasonably be inserted into the body of the Standard. The reader is not referenced to another Controlled Standard necessary

for the item to be adequately explained i.e. one document link only. The referenced document is a Figure or table and could not reasonably

be included in the appendices of the Standard.6) The numbering system for the VRIOG Standards is chronologically sequential

from the point of introduction, and is not based on any form of interpretivesystem.

7) VRIOG Standards will not contain any information that can be construed as awork instruction, procedure, process or protocol. This information forms thebasis of each individual entitys Safety Accreditation Certification, and, assuch, is outside the scope of VRIOG Standards.


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SECTION 2.0 Defin itions

Terminology used and/or applied in this Standard is defined as follows:

Term Description

Accredited RailOperator (ARO) An Accredited Rail Operator is a Rail Infrastructure Manageror a Rolling Stock Operator who is accredited under Part 5of the Rail Safety Act 2006.

ACI Air Core Inductor or Self Inductor

DCR Data Collector

ESJ Electrical Separation Joint

HP High Power (Transmitter setting for maximum power output)

IDC Intermediate Data Collector. This is the collective term usedfor both PPDs and DCRs.

IRJ Insulated Rail Joint

IT Intermediate Transmission. This arrangement is more

commonly known as a centre-fed track circuit.

KEM Output turns ratio of transmitter output transformer

KMU The turns ratio of the transformer in the matching unit

KRV Input turns ratio of receiver input transformer

LP Low Power (Transmitter setting for maximum power output)

MU Matching Unit

PPD Pin Point Detector

R1-R2 The R1-R2 terminals on the receiver unit. The voltage acrossthese terminals is what is presented to the receiverselectronics, and is equal to the output voltage of the

receivers input transformer, if used.RX Receiver Unit

RXMF Alternate name for RXMU

RXMU MU associated with a RX

RXTU TU associated with a RX

SI Air Core Inductor or Self Inductor

TU Tuning Unit


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TMU Combined Tuning and Matching Unit

TX Transmitter Unit

TXMF Alternate name for TXMU

TXMU MU associated with a TX

TXTU TU associated with a TX

V1-V2 The V1-V2 terminals on the receiver unit. The voltage acrossthese terminals is the input voltage to the receivers internalmulti-tapped input transformer.

VRIOG The Victorian Rail Industry Operators Group comprising thefollowing members: VicTrack V/Line Metro Trains Melbourne Yarra Trams Australian Rail Track Corporation (ARTC) Public Transport Division of the Department of Transport

(PTD)


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SECTION 3.0 SCOPE

3.1 Scope

This manual sets out the application requirements of the CSEE UM71 jointless trackcircuit within the Victorian broad gauge network.

3.2 Application

This manual is to be used for new installations and modifications of existing UM71track circuits. References to track circuit refer to the CSEE UM71 jointless trackcircuit, unless otherwise specified.

3.3 History

This manual combines the resources and information of the various documents as

well as unwritten industry knowledge relating to the use and installation of the UM71track circuit within the Victorian railway industry.


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SECTION 4.0 BACKGROUND

4.1 General

The UM71 track circuit is a jointless track circuit suitable for vital train detection.

4.2 Track Circuit Operation and Components

4.2.1 Principle of Operation

The underlying working principle of jointless track circuits remains unchanged from jointed track circuits. A power source energises receiver(s) through the track circuitsection; if any of the receiver(s) detects a loss of that power, the section is assumedto be occupied and reported as such.The primary difference is that jointless track circuits avoid the mechanical cutting ofthe rails, the traditional insulated rail joints being replaced by tuned circuit elements.Collectively, these tuned circuit elements are referred to as Electrical Separation

Joints (ESJs).

A number of components work in concert to provide the train detection capability.

The overall scheme of how the components work together is detailed below:1) The transmitter outputs an electrical signal that is injected into the rails.2) Nearby receiver(s) complete the circuit.

a. In the absence of a low resistance shunt 1 , the receiver(s) detectsufficient transmitted power and indicate the track circuit section asvacant.

b. In the presence of a low resistance shunt, the receiver(s) is unable todetect sufficient transmitted power and indicate the track section asoccupied.

3) Adjacent track circuit sections are functionally isolated from each other, eitherby the use of ESJs or insulated rail joints (IRJs).

The individual components are detailed in the following sections.

4.2.2 Transmitter (TX)

The transmitter generates a power-limited sinusoidal signal at one of four carrierfrequencies: 1700Hz, 2000Hz, 2300Hz or 2600Hz. The four transmitter variants arealso known as V1F1, V2F1, V1F2 and V2F2 respectively (see 4.2.4 for moreinformation on the naming scheme).

The transmitter is connected to the trackside interface (either a Matching Unit or acombined Tuning Matching Unit) via a cable.

To provide additional protection against interference 2 , Binary Frequency Shift Keying(BFSK) modulation is applied to the carrier frequency.

The BFSK scheme use frequencies at +/- 11 Hz of the carrier, and is modulated at arate of 1/128 of the carrier frequency.

1 E.g. train axles.2 E.g. spurious voltages induced by 50 Hz currents.


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The output signal from the transmitter can be adjusted by three differentmechanisms.

Coarse power adjustment via the maximum power output jumpers. These arealso known as the HP/LP jumpers.

Fine voltage adjustment via jumpers at the multi-tapped output transformer.The transformer ratio (as determined by the jumpers) is referred to as the

KEM value. Normal operation requires that the BFSK modulation function is enabled (via

a jumper).

Figure 1 Block Diagram of TX

Functions TerminalsTransmit output level, KEM andinterface to trackside unit

V1, V2, V3, V4, V5, V6, V7, V8

Maximum power output M2, M4, M5Turn BFSK modulation on/off M1, M324 V power supply A+, A-

Table 1 TX connections

4.2.3 Receiver (RX)

The receiver is used to detect the absence of a low resistance shunt in theassociated track circuit section. The receiver must recognise the correspondingtransmitted signals carrier frequency, BFSK modulation and detect sufficient signalstrength before energising the track relay (vacant status). Any other scenario willresult in the receiver de-energising the track relay (occupied status).

The receiver is connected to the trackside interface (either a Matching Unit or acombined Tuning Matching Unit) via a cable.

The input signal, once inside the receiver can be adjusted via jumpers at the multi-tapped input transformer. The transformer ratio (as determined by the jumpers) isreferred to as the KRV value.

The receiver uses an adjustable pick up time delay to prevent untimely pick-up of thetrack relay in the event of a short duration shunting loss (also known as Loss ofshunt timer).


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Figure 2 Block Diagram of RX

Functions TerminalsInterface to trackside unit V1, V2Receiver input level, KRV R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10Delayed energisation C, C1, C2Track relay output L+, L-24 V power supply A+, A-

Table 2 RX connections

4.2.4 Electrical Separation Joints (ESJs)

An ESJ ensures reliable separation of frequencies on all track circuits common to thesame ESJ. It is also the point at which the track circuit transmitters and receiversinject/receive power into/from the track.

An ESJ is formed from two Tuning Units 3 connected to the track, with an Air CoreInductor connected to the track midway. These trackside components in conjunctionwith the tracks distributed elements form a semi-distributed filtering network.Electrical drawings of these trackside components are available in section 9.10 .

The ESJ scheme 4 divides the four carrier frequencies into two pairs (V1 and V2),each pair having frequencies F1 and F2:

Pair V1: 1700 Hz (F1) and 2300 Hz (F2) Pair V2: 2000 Hz (F1) and 2600 Hz (F2)

I.e. V1F1 is 1700 Hz; it is the F1 frequency of the V1 pair.

An ESJ will be capable of separating a track circuit operating at F1 from an adjacenttrack circuit operating at F2, given that they are both from the same frequency pair.

3 Where combined Tuning Matching Units are used, this refers to the Tuning Unit portion ofthe complete assembly.4

For use with CSEE track circuits. The Tuning Units and Air Core Inductor are designed tosupport the given scheme. Other jointless track circuit systems will likely have different ESJschemes and supporting components.


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ESJs are not designed to separate adjacent track circuits operating on differentfrequency pairs.

More details on the TUs are available in the corresponding section, but the basicfunctionality of the ESJ can be described in an example scenario, in the absence ofany shunts:

To transmitter viaMatching Unit

To receiver viaMatching Unit

2600 Hz2000 Hz

ACI TU V2F2TU V2F1

ESJ

Figure 3 ESJ basic l ayout

The 2000 Hz track circuit on the left hand side is fed by a TX through the V2F1 TU,while the 2600 Hz track circuit on the right hand side has a RX connected throughthe V2F2 TU.

Consider the behaviour of the V2F1 TU: V2F1 allows the 2000 Hz signal to pass onto the 2000 Hz track circuit

section. V2F1 allows the 2000 Hz signal to pass into the ESJ region.

o It will not block the 2000 Hz from further propagation; thats afunction for the V2F2.

V2F1 blocks the 2600 Hz signal from entering the 2000 Hz transmitter. V2F1 blocks the 2600 Hz signal from further propagating into the 2000 Hz

track circuit section.o This is the crucial function of the ESJ to functionally isolate two

adjacent track circuits.

Consider the behaviour of the V2F2 TU: V2F2 allows 2600 Hz signal to pass into the 2600 Hz receiver. V2F2 allows 2600 Hz signal to pass into the ESJ region.

o It will not block the 2600 Hz from further propagation; thats afunction for the V2F1.

V2F2 blocks the 2000 Hz signal from entering the 2600 Hz receiver andfrom further propagating into the 2600 Hz track circuit section.

o This is the crucial function of the ESJ to functionally isolate twoadjacent track circuits.

The above pass and block behaviours are simplifications of the actual circuitbehaviour; a complete steady-state analysis is needed for a full description. Roughlyspeaking:

The pass behaviour mimics the circuit behaviour where the joint TU-railnetwork exhibits relatively high impedance looking in from the Matching Unit


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side. This ultimately allows enough signal strength (from the correcttransmitter) to arrive at the receiver for a vacant status.

The block behaviour mimics the circuit behaviour where the TU pr e sentswith very low impedance. For instance, the V2F2 TU will reactively 5 shunt the2000 Hz signal; but not the 2600 Hz signal. This frequency selective shuntingis the underlying basis for ESJs.

The real circuit behaviour is such that containment by the reactive shunts isnot absolute, but the signal leakage across the ESJ is far below the strengthdetection threshold (if designed, operated and maintained to specifications).

4.2.4.1 Air Core Inductors (ACIs)

An Air Core Inductor is installed at the midpoint of an ESJ, and serves two functions.It forms a part of the ESJ as a lumped component (increasing the filters Q factor),and it also balances the track current between rails on which it is installed. The ACIis not shielded and is sensitive to nearby metallic objects.

The same ACI is used for all frequencies.

ACIs are not designed for balancing traction currents between adjacent lines. Theyserve a function of balancing traction currents between rails of a single track circuitonly.

Functions TerminalsInterface to trackInterface to both track and TU inspecific instances

V1, V2

Table 3 ACI connections

4.2.4.2 Tuning Units (TUs)

Tuning Units contain passive lumped components that form part of ESJs, and areconnected to a TX or RX unit through a Matching Unit.

In ESJ configurations, the TUs are designed for continuous operation where there iseither:

TX and RX connected on opposing sides of an ESJ. RX and RX connected on opposing sides of an ESJ.

Where two TX are connected on opposing sides of an ESJ, maximum permissiblepower dissipation places limitations on the maximum track lengths. Consequently,the TX and TX configuration at an ESJ is not preferred and should be onlyconsidered as a last resort.

There are four different TU variants, each corresponding to a specific frequency in afrequency pair:

V1F1o For use with the V1 frequency pair (1700 Hz and 2300 Hz)

5

The shunt is reactive in the sense that the TU only contains reactive components. Unlikeresistive shunts (eg train axles and test shunts), reactive shunts are frequency sensitive. TUsare designed for a frequency response that is compatible with the overall ESJ scheme.


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o Associated with frequency F1 (1700 Hz); connect to 1700 Hz TX orRX unit

o Will reactively shunt a 2300 Hz signal V1F2

o For use with the V1 frequency pair (1700 Hz and 2300 Hz)o Associated with frequency F2 (2300 Hz); connect to 2300 Hz TX or

RX unito Will reactively shunt a 1700 Hz signal

V2F1o For use with the V2 frequency pair (2000 Hz and 2600 Hz)o Associated with frequency F1 (2000 Hz); connect to 2000 Hz TX or

RX unit Will reactively shunt a 2600 Hz signal V2F2

o For use with the V2 frequency pair (2000 Hz and 2600 Hz)o Associated with frequency F2 (2600 Hz); connect to 2600 Hz TX or

RX unito Will reactively shunt a 2000 Hz signal

Each TU consists of an inductor and capacitor(s). At the frequency associated with the TU (eg 2300 Hz for a V1F2 TU), it is

sufficiently far away from the resonance point to have relatively highimpedance.

o Associated with the pass behaviour described in the ESJ section. At the TUs shunting frequency (eg 1700 Hz for a V1F2 TU), it is at or near

resonance, with very small impedance.o Associated with the block behaviour described in the ESJ section.

Figure 4 TU diagrams

Functions TerminalsInterface to track V1, V2Interface to MU 1, 4

Table 4 TU connections

4.2.4.3 Matching Units (MUs)

A Matching Unit is installed between the TU and either a TX or RX. In specific cases,the TU is bypassed and the MU connects directly to the rail.

The MU has a number of pre-determined configurations. The transformer ratio, or

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In the TX configuration, MUs are 10:1 transformers; it also has the series inductor tolimit the current flow while the transmitter is being shunted.

In the RX configuration, MUs are 1:1 transformers.

In one of the PPD configurations, MUs are transformers; in the other PPD

configuration, the MU is substituted with a variable resistor.

In the DCR configuration, MUs are 1:1 transformers with the series resistor added.

Functions TerminalsInterface to TUInterface to track in specificinstances

V1, V2

Interface to TX E1, E2MU transformer ratio, KMU andinterface to RX

5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14

Series resistor bypass R1, R2Series inductor L3, L4

Table 5 MU connections

4.2.4.4

4.2.4.5

Dual Matching Units

A Dual Matching Unit is the combination of two Matching Units within one tracksidecase.

Tuning Matching Units (TMUs)

A Tuning Matching Unit is the combination of a Tuning Unit and Matching Unit withinone trackside case.

Typical installations with a separate TU and MU will have a back-to-backarrangement. TMUs allow the use of a single case instead; the form factor changemeans that the connection arrangements are slightly different to the scenario withseparate units.

Note that TMUs do not have a built in resistor for the DCR configuration.

Functions Terminals

Interface to track Exterior metallic tabsInternal interface to TU from MU V1, V2 in upper terminal rowInternal interface to MU from TU 1,4 in upper terminal rowInterface to TX E1, E2MU transformer ratio, KMU andinterface to RX

5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12

Table 6 TMU connect ions

Note that internal jumpers between V1 to 1 and V2 to 4 are prefit at factory.

4.2.5 Track compensation capacitors

In order to extend the maximum of length of a track circuit, track compensationcapacitors can be used. Track compensation is only used if there is a need for it.


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The working principle behind track compensation is the reduction of the trackscharacteristic impedance.

Without track compensation, the characteristic impedance of the physical track tendsto be very inductive and relatively high in magnitude. The transmitters impedance

and the track impedance determine the amount of power that can be injected into thetrack 6 .

With track compensation, shunt capacitors are inserted into the track circuit sectionat predetermined regular intervals, reducing the tracks characteristic impedance.This lower characteristic impedance results in better impedance matching betweenthe track and the transmitter; more power is now injected into the track, allowing for alonger track circuit.

4.3 Intermediate Data Collectors (IDCs)

Intermediate Data Collectors (IDCs) are auxiliary receivers, which can be installedwithin the parent track circuits limits. They provide the ability to split the parenttrack circuit into two sub-track circuits without the full cost of installing two separatetrack circuits. This approach is not always technically appropriate and the limits ofIDCs need to be kept in mind.

An IDC creates two sub-track circuit sections; one covers the RX IDC section, andthe other the TX IDC section. When only the RX IDC section is occupied, onlythe RX IDC section is reported as occupied. However when the TX IDC sectionis occupied, both the RX IDC and TX IDC sections are reported as occupied.

There are two types of IDCs, one operating in voltage mode and one in currentmode.

IDCs are not compatible with track compensation. The electrical behaviour of acompensated track being shunted is different to the electrical behaviour of anon-compensated track being shunted. This is not an issue with the parent trackcircuit, since the receiver does not see this change in electrical behaviour. However,IDCs, being in the middle of the track circuit, will see the full extent of this behaviour;IDCs are not designed to operate under these conditions and may contribute to afailure in such a scenario.

4.3.1 Pin Point Detectors (PPDs)

A Pin Point Detector is a current-mode IDC. It works in conjunction with a MU or anadjustable resistor; there is no associated TU. Use of a MU gives better noiseimmunity, whereas the use of an adjustable resistor gives more flexibility in thedesign / installation.

The demarcation point between the two sub-track circuit sections is sharp andlocated at the PPD. PPDs can be used to provide overlaps and release of levelcrossings.

The PPD operates by monitoring the current through a rail. The PPD unit is acontact-free inductive device tuned to one of the track circuit carrier frequencies.

While the TX PPD sub-track circuit section is not being shunted, current is flowing6 In other words, the transmitter and the track are not impedance matched by design.


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through the rails (either through the RX or through a shunt on the RX PPD sub-track circuit section), resulting in the PPD providing an output above the detectionthreshold. The moment the TX PPD sub-track circuit is shunted, current is divertedthrough the shunt and current through the PPD is reduced to near zero, resulting inthe PPD providing an output below the detection threshold.

PPDs are available in four variants, each corresponding to a track circuit carrierfrequency. They connect to a standard RX unit through the MU / resistor.

The output of the PPD is voltage-mode, and is proportional to the tuned current beingsensed in the rail. Consequently, there is a minimum requirement on the track circuitcurrent for the PPD to function properly.

A boosting unit located near the PPD can be used to increase the track circuit currentto meet the minimum current requirement. It is a passive unit composed of ashunting resistor, isolated from the DC track current through blocking capacitors.There is a choice of boosting unit values to accommodate requirements.

If a track shunt is applied or a train occupies the track section between the PPD andthe RX, operation of the PPD may be unreliable. For this reason the design shouldensure that the parent track is not occupied while train detection in only the TX PPD section is required.

Figure 5 PPD operation

4.3.2 Data Collectors (DCRs)

A Data Collector is a voltage-mode IDC. It works in conjunction with a MU; there isno associated TU. The MU has the series resistor in circuit to increase the inputimpedance of the DCR, reducing the load it presents to the parent track circuit.

The demarcation point between the two sub-track circuit sections is not preciselydefined, as it varies with ballast resistance. It can vary from 35m to 80m from theDCR location, in the direction of the parent RX.

The DCR operates by monitoring the voltage across the rails. If the voltage is abovea threshold, then the DCR can assume that the sub-track circuit section between theDCR and the transmitter has not been shunted, and report it as vacant.


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If the voltage is below a threshold, then something is shunting the sub-track circuitsection between the DCR and transmitter, and the sub-track circuit is reported asoccupied.

4.4 Track Circuit Specifications

4.4.1 Drop shunt

The maximum resistance of a non inductive resistor which, when connected betweenthe rails causes track circuit to be detected as occupied is called the Drop Shunt.

Outside of the ESJ, a Minimum Drop Shunt value of 0.1 is guaranteed, in theabsence of external contaminants.

In the ESJ, the Drop Shunt value varies downwards from 0.1 and there is anoverlap of the shunt areas of the two successive track circuits with RX / TX and RX /RX ESJ. There is no overlap for TX / TX ESJs, however this arrangement should be

avoided.

The Drop Shunt value is similarly defined for IDCs; a value of 0.1 is guaranteedbetween the transmitter and the IDC.

4.4.2 Traction return

UM71 track circuits are not designed to operate in single-rail mode under traction.

4.4.3 Storage conditions

Track circuit equipment needs to be stored in dry, well ventilated area. Do not storenear equipment releasing corrosive vapours such as lead acid batteries. Storagetemperature range is -30 C to +70 C.


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SECTION 5.0 DESIGN

5.1 Signal Arrangement Level Design

5.1.1 General

1. Track circuits and associated equipment are immunised against DC traction(provided that proper bonding is provided) and can be used in:a. DC traction areasb. Areas with no traction supply

2. Track circuit lengths shall be measured between the following objects, unlessotherwise specified:

a. ACI to ACIb. ACI to IRJc. IRJ to IRJ

3. Applicable reference drawings are:a. STD_G0059 UM71 cabling layout and track connectionsb. STD_G0060 UM71 track circuit connections

c. STD_G0242 Layout of signal, trainstop, TPWS and UM71 track circuit

5.1.2 Physical arrangement: End-fed track circuit

In this arrangement, one end of the section is fed by a transmitter (TX), with the otherend attached to a receiver (RX).

The conventional configuration is the use of this arrangement with ESJs terminatingthe track circuit on both sides.

Figure 6 End-fed track circuit Receiver (RX)Transmitter (TX)

End-fed track circuit

The following table shows the length limits for various track circuit separationmethods.

Configuration Minimum length Maximum lengthESJ to ESJ 100 m

ESJ to IRJ 50 m

650 m

IRJ to IRJ

Without track

compensation 50 m 650 mESJ to ESJ, ESJ to IRJ,IRJ to IRJ

With trackcompensation

600 m 1100 m

Table 7 End-fed track circuit lengths

5.1.3 Physical arrangement: Centre-fed track circuit

In this arrangement, transmitter (TX) feeds two branches from the centre of the trackcircuit. Receivers (RX-A and RX-B) are installed at each branch end. If eitherbranch (ie RX-A to TX or RX-B to TX) is occupied, the entire track circuit will bereported as being occupied.


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This arrangement is also alternately known as an Intermediate Transmission trackcircuit.

Figure 7 Centre- fed track circuit

The following table shows the length limits for various track circuit separationmethods.

Configuration Minimum length Maximum length100 m per

branch650 m per

branchESJ to ESJESJ to IRJ

IRJ to IRJ

Without trackcompensation

200 m overall 1300 m overall600 m perbranch

1100 m perbranch

ESJ to ESJESJ to IRJIRJ to IRJ

With trackcompensation

1200 m overall 2200 m overallTable 8 Centre-fed track circuit lengths (short form)

Ideally the transmitter is located at the halfway point to give an even split. However,some length imbalance (ie difference between long and short branch lengths) ispermitted, to a maximum of 30% of the ideal branch length.

The following table illustrates the limits without track circuit compensation,incorporating these factors:

maximum imbalance at 30% of ideal branch length 100m minimum branch length 650m maximum branch length Constrained for total track circuit length

Total trackcircuit length

Ideal branch length Minimum length ofshort branch

Maximum length oflong branch

200 100 100 100210 105 100 110220 110 100 120230 115 100 130

240 120 102 138250 125 106.25 143.75260 130 110.5 149.5270 135 114.75 155.25280 140 119 161290 145 123.25 166.75300 150 127.5 172.5400 200 170 230500 250 212.5 287.5600 300 255 345700 350 297.5 402.5

Receiver B (RX-B)Transmitter TXReceiver A (RX-A)

Centre-fed track circuit


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Table 9 Centre-fed track circuit lengths w ithout compensation

800 400 340 460900 450 382.5 517.5

1000 500 425 5751050 525 446.25 603.751100 550 467.5 632.51150 575 500 6501200 600 550 6501250 625 600 6501300 650 650 650

The following table illustrates the limits with track circuit compensation, incorporatingthese factors:

maximum imbalance at 30% of ideal branch length 600m minimum branch length 1100m maximum branch length Constrained for total track circuit length

Table 10 Centre-fed track c ircuit lengths w ith compensation

Total trackcircuit length

Ideal branch length Minimum length ofshort branch

Maximum length oflong branch

1200 600 600 6001250 625 600 6501300 650 600 7001350 675 600 7501400 700 600 8051450 725 616.25 833.751500 750 637.5 862.51550 775 658.75 891.251600 800 680 9201650 825 701.25 948.751700 850 722.5 977.51750 875 743.75 1006.251800 900 765 10351850 925 786.25 1063.751900 950 807.5 1092.51950 975 850 11002000 1000 900 11002050 1025 950 11002100 1050 1000 11002150 1075 1050 1100

2200 1100 1100 1100

5.1.4 Physical arrangement: Track circuit over points

In this arrangement, transmission is provided at the converging end of the trackcircuit. Receivers are installed at the other ends of the track circuit. This iseffectively a centre-fed arrangement with one leg folded back on the other; additionalrequirements apply on account of the points bonding required between the two legs.

This is a non-preferred configuration within the Metropolitan area; InfrastructureManager approval is required prior to selection in design.


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Figure 8 Track c ircuit over points

Refer to the centre-fed arrangement section ( 5.1.3 ) for length limitations.

5.1.5 Track circuit separation and frequency selection

1. Adjacent track circuits shall be separated through either an ESJ or IRJ.

2. If track circuit is adjacent to a non-UM71 track circuit, then an IRJ shall beused for separation.

3. Track circuits have a choice of four carrier frequencies, grouped in twofrequency pairs.a. Frequency pair V1 consists of 1700 Hz (F1) and 2300 Hz (F2), and is

generally allocated to the down track.b. Frequency pair V2 consists of 2000 Hz (F1) and 2600 Hz (F2), and is

generally allocated to the up track.4. Track circuits installed on adjacent parallel tracks shall operate on a different

frequency pair.

5.1.5.1 Separation with ESJ

1. Adjacent track circuits shall use different frequencies from the samefrequency pair.

2. Adjacent track circuits shall not use frequencies from different pairs.

Figure 9 Frequency arrangement with multiple tracks

3. An ESJ may be configured with:a. Two receivers, orb. A transmitter and a receiver.

4. An ESJ configured with two transmitters is not preferred on account of

excessive power dissipation in the TUs and is subject to additionalrestrictions:


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a. An IRJ solution shall first be considered.b. This TX-TX configuration shall be a solution of last resort.c. Agreement of the Infrastructure Manager is required.d. The length of the short track circuit TC-A shall be 50% of the longest

possible track (ie 50% of 650 m is 325 m).e. The use of boosting units or track compensation further increases power

dissipation and is advised against.

Figure 10 Non-preferred TX-TX conf iguration

5.1.5.2

5.1.5.3

Separation with IRJ

1. Adjacent track circuits shall not use the same frequency.2. Adjacent track circuits may use frequencies from different frequency pairs.

ESJ leading into non-track circuited area

1. A short circuit shall be placed 19 m from the TX or RX connection, into thenon-track circuited area in lieu of a TU.

2. ACI shall not be used in this configuration.

Figure 11 ESJ in to non-track ci rcuited area

5.1.5.4 ESJ co-located with TPWS unit

1. Refer to 012.0.2 Signalling Principles Signal Enforcement

5.1.6 Track compensation

1. Compensation shall not be used on a track circuit with an IDC overlaid.2. Transmitter shall have the high power jumpers installed (M2-M4 and M2-M5).3. The capacitor value shall be determined by the following table:

Two wires of 95mm 2


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Track circui t frequency (Hz) C (F)1700 352000 352300 202600 20

Table 11 Track compensation capacitance

4. The capacitor shall satisfy or better the following characteristics:a. +/- 5% tolerance on capacitanceb. Not of electrolytic constructionc. Not polarisedd. AC working voltage rating of 420V rms

5. The spacing of the capacitors shall be determined via the following full-step /half-step scheme:a. 100 m spacing (full-steps) between successive compensation capacitors.b. 35 m to 85 m spacing (half-steps) between the first and last capacitor and

the adjacent TU track connection points.

c. The two half-steps on both ends of the track circuit shall be equal inlength.d. Additional variations to this scheme shall require agreement from the

Infrastructure Manager.

Figure 12 Track compensation

Example 1:The track circuit is ESJ to ESJ with a length between TU of 750m.The amount of capacitors required is 7 (750 100 = 7.5, rounded down).The half steps are 75m (750 600 = 150 2 = 75m).

Figure 13 Track compensation example 1

Example 2:

The track circuit is ESJ to IRJ with a length between TU and IRJ of 936m.The amount of capacitors required is 9 (936 100 = 9.36, round down).The half steps are 68m (936 800 = 136 2 = 68m).

Figure 14 Track compensation example 2


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5.1.7 Traction requirements

1. General bonding and traction requirements are defined in VRIOGS 010.7Track Bonding, Track Circuit Connections and Traction Interfaces.

2. Track circuits shall be configured for double-rail operation where the tracksmay carry traction current.

3. A cross-bond shall not be formed between two track circuits with the samefrequency.4. Traction return shall be provided primarily by rail and impedance bonds.

Track circuit components (such as ACIs) shall not be used in lieu.5. Impedance bond used shall have an impedance higher than 17 at the

carrier frequency of the track circuit.6. Impedance bond shall not be installed within 20m of a track compensation

capacitor.7. Impedance bond shall not be installed within 100m of an ACI.

a. This restriction does not apply for an IRJ terminated track circuit wherethe ACI is co-located with the impedance bond.

8. Impedance bond shall not be installed between a TX and PPD.

5.1.8 Use of Intermediate Data Collectors

1. IDCs shall not be used within compensated track circuits.2. Maximum of one IDC is permitted per track circuit branch.

a. In a centre-fed arrangement, an IDC can be installed for each branch.b. In an end-fed arrangement, only a single IDC can be installed.

3. Designer shall be aware that the DCR configuration will not provide a clearlydefined sub-track circuit boundary.

4. Minimum s ub-track circuit length shall be 20 m, dependent on worst caserollingstock 7 .

5. The following length limits shall be complied with.

Configuration Maximum length of parent track circuitbranch

PPD without boosting unit 250 mPPD with boosting unit 8 400 mDCR

Without trackcompensation

650 mTrack compensation can not be used in this arrangement.

Table 12 IDC limits on parent track ci rcuit lengths

6. Specific requirements for PPDs:a. PPD shall not be installed more than 100 m from the TU track connection

point on the TX side.b. The necessity and size of the boosting unit shall be determined during thetesting and commissioning process.

c. The boosting unit, if used, shall be located 1 m from the PPD on the RXside.

7 Ensures trains do not straddle a sub-track circuit, causing false vacancy indications.8 In-field testing will positively determine whether a boosting unit is required.


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5.2 Detailed Level Design

5.2.1 Cable and wire requirements

Connection Sizing Length Other

0.90mm2

2 Pair Cable(VRIOGS 012.6.18) < 150 mTX to MU,RX to MU for allexcept for IDCs 1.5mm 2 2 Conductor

Cable (Refer to SECTION10.0 for specification)

151 m 600 m

RX to PPD (withadjustable resistor)

7 / 0.85mm 2 Core Cable(VRIOGS 012.6.5)

1000 adjustableresistor

RX to PPD (with MU)

< 100 m

Locationtotrackside

RX to MU (DCRconfiguration)

0.90mm 2 Pair Cable(VRIOGS 012.6.18) < 1000 m

MU to TU 7 / 0.85mm 2 Core Cable(VRIOGS 012.6.5)

As pertypical

TU to track, ACI totrack

As pertypical

As short aspossible

TU to ACI

Aluminium 95mm 2 1 CoreWire (VRIOGS 012.6.33)

430 mm+/- 20mm

Along wirelength betweenlug hole centers

Attracksideonly

MU to track (DCRconfiguration)

Copper 84 / 0.30mm,6mm 2 cable (VRIOGS012.6.31 and 012.6.32)

Short and direct

Jumper Maximumpower output

< 50 mm As short aspossible

Jumper KEM, KRV,Modulation, Delayedenergisation

< 90 mm

Withinlocation

only

Wiring for track relay,power supply, etc.

24/0.20 1 Core Wire(VRIOGS 012.6.3)

Notdefined

Table 13 Sizing requi rements

5.2.1.1 Extended length cabling from location to trackside

1. If the 1.5mm 2 2 Conductor Cable is required for a length exceeding 600 m,Infrastructure Manager approval is required.

5.2.2 Cable frequency allocation

1. A single multi-pair cable shall not carry TX and RX circuits of the samefrequency.

5.2.3 Track circuit adjustments

1. All adjustable values and jumper connections for each track circuit, wherepracticable, shall be estimated and provided for installation. The followingtable is provided as reference, as the connection details (aside from KEM andKRV) are shown in the typical drawings in Appendix B.


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Connections availablefor cable or jumper.

Connectionsare applicablefor which unit:

Connection details

KEM V1, V2, V3, V4, V5, V6,V7, V8

TX

KRV R1, R2, R3, R4, R5,

R6, R7, R8, R9, R10

RX

As covered by 5.2.3.3.

KMU R1, R2, V1, V2, E1,E2, L3, L4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9,10, 11, 12, 13, 14

MU Various, see typical drawingsin Appendix B.

Without track compensation:M2, M4, M5 not connected

Maximumpower output

M2, M4, M5 TX

With track compensation:M2-M4 and M2-M5 shortedDefault: C-C2 shorted to give2.3 s delay.

Delayedenergisation

C, C1, C2 RX

C-C1 shorted will give 0.5 sdelay, where required.

Modulation M1, M3 TX M1-M3 shortedTable 14 Configurable jumpers

2. TMUs are configured in a similar 9 fashion as the individual MUs and TUs,refer to the TMU wiring diagrams in Appendix B.

3. KEM and KRV ratios shall be estimated where practicable, depending on thetrack circuit arrangement:a. End-fed track circuits with ESJs on one or both sides shall use the

universal adjustment method as per 5.2.4 .b. All other track circuit arrangements, including the following, use the

specific adjustment method as per 7.4.5 , and estimation is not required.

i. All centre-fed track circuitsii. All IDC sub-track circuit RXsiii. End-fed track circuits with IRJs on both sidesiv. Track circuit over pointsv. Special scenarios Track circuits in the Melbourne Underground

Loop4. Appendix B 9.1 and 9.2 , KEM and KRV Connections shall be used as the

reference in providing the jumper and cable connections for a given KEM orKRV ratio.

5.2.4 Universal adjustment

1. Universal adjustment is a pre-computed tabular approach to estimating therequired KEM and KRV ratios.2. Appendix A KEM and KRV Universal Adjustment shall be used as the

reference.3. Appendix A is the collection Appendices from one of the source documents

on which this standard is based, giving KEM and KRV settings for a numberof different arrangements.

9 Note that there are some wiring changes eg the removal of L3 and L4 by the use of a

different wiring scheme (same functionality isolation of the inductor - is still provided for).TMUs no longer support the DCR configuration, so the resistor has been removedcompletely.


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4. Tables are based on carrier frequency, track circuit separation method, trackcompensation, track circuit arrangement and an expected minimum ballastresistance of 1.5 -km.

5. Appendix As distances are measured between the TUs defining the trackcircuit, rather than ACI-ACI, ACI-IRJ or IRJ-IRJ distances as per 5.1.1 .

6. Track circuit length shall be rounded up to the nearest entry in the Appendix A

tables for the purposes of determining KEM and KRV ratios.7. Appendix A uses terminology which may not be immediately familiar.a. Term End of section transmission is equivalent to End-fedb. Term IJ is equivalent to IRJ

8. Appendix 1 within Appendix A covers:a. End-fed, ESJ on both ends of track circuit, without track compensationb. End-fed, ESJ on both ends of track circuit, with track compensation

9. Appendix 2 within Appendix A covers:a. End-fed, ESJ on TX end, IRJ on RX end, without track compensationb. End-fed, ESJ on TX end, IRJ on RX end, with track compensation

10. Appendix 3 within Appendix A covers:a. End-fed, IRJ on TX end, ESJ on RX end, without track compensationb. End-fed, IRJ on TX end, ESJ on RX end, with track compensation

5.2.5 ESJ requirements

1. ESJs shall be situated on formations that have uniform dielectriccharacteristics, so far as practicable. The following are the minimumrequirements:a. All sleepers within ESJ to comprise of either timber or concrete, but not a

mixture.b. ESJ shall not be installed across two different formation types, such as

ballast and slab.2. ESJs shall be installed on rails that have uniform transmission line

characteristics. The following are the minimum requirements:a. ESJ track wires shall not be crossed, and shall be as short and direct as

possible.b. ESJs shall not be installed near metal objects, such as metal bridges,

railing.c. ESJs shall not contain mechanical joints.d. ESJs shall not be directly connected to non-ESJ components, such as

spark gaps.

5.2.6 TU requirements

1. Each track circuit shall be bracketed by TUs of the matching variant. e.g. Atrack circuit operating at V1F1 (ie 1700 Hz) is bracketed by V1F1 TUs.

5.2.7 ACI requirements

1. ACIs shall not be installed near metal objects, such as metallic railing.

5.2.8 MU requirements

1. If a Dual Matching Unit is used, it shall be placed at the TX side of the ESJ tominimise the cable length from the MU to the transmitting TU.

5.2.9 PPD requirements1. A PPD can be connected to the RX via a MU or an adjustable resistor.


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a. MU is better for noise immunity.b. Adjustable resistor allows for more flexibility.

2. A PPD configuration shall require the TX to be set for high maximum poweroutput.

5.2.10 Delayed energisation

1. The standard configuration shall be a 2.3 s delay to the energisation of areceivers associated track relay, implemented via setting a C C2 jumper.In this instance, no external timer is required for typical applications; the 2.3 sdelay is provided by the receiver.

2. The alternate configuration of a 500 ms delay, implemented via a C C1 jumper, shall only be considered for CBI installations where vital softwaretimers are used for loss of shunt purposes.

5.2.11 Ventilation

1. The ventilation requirements in this section are specific to UM71 track circuitequipment installed on the NS1 equipment rack.

2. TX units require a ventilation module mounted immediately above.3. RX units require a spacer module mounted between it and a vertically

adjacent TX unit.4. Spacer modules may be occupied by equipment other than TX or RX units

(eg relays).

Figure 15 Ventilati on arrangements


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5.2.12 Lightning protection

1. Requirements specified in this section are over and above any genericlightning protection requirements for a location or site.

2. The screen from 0.90mm 2 2 Pair Cables (VRIOGS 012.6.18) used to connectthe TX or RX to the MU shall be earthed only at the TX or RX location.

3. It is preferable that lightning arrestors are installed to protect the incominglocal cables. The lightning arrestors shall be type approved and installed asper type approval conditions.


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SECTION 6.0 Install ation

6.1 All cabling

1. If cable selections were not specified by the designer, the cable requirementsspecified in 5.2.1 shall be used.

6.2 Trackside units

1. The following table lists the different trackside units and their variants; eachunit resides in a single trackside case (including the Dual Matching Unit).

Unit Type Variant Type VariantsTuning Unit Frequency V1F1, V1F2, V2F1, V2F2Matching Unit Form factor Single, DualTuning Matching Unit Frequency V1F1, V1F2, V2F1, V2F2

Air Core Inductor N/A SingleTable 15 Trackside unit variants

2. Trackside equipment shall be installed on mounting posts as per marked-upversion of drawing F5723 included in this Standard (refer to 9.11 ).a. The 1M type shall be used for supporting a single trackside case.b. The 2M type shall be used for supporting two trackside cases back-to-

back.c. Mounting post shall be stabilised using a concrete base.d. Mounting post shall be ideally installed 1.5 m from the closest rail. A

maximum distance of 2.5 m is permitted if site constrained.e. Top of mounting post shall be 500 mm above ground.

6.2.1 Matching Unit (Single)

1. Where an end fed configuration is used, MU shall be mounted back-to-backwith the TU associated with the TX.

6.2.2 Air Core Inductor

1. Vandal proof metal boxes shall not be used on an ACI.

6.3 On-track and cabling from track to trackside

1. All connection to the rail is by type approved bolted connections andconnectors.

2. Cables shall be routed in parallel throughout their common travel andpositioned on the sleeper edge.

3. Cables shall be measured and cut to suit location; direct to rail and lengthminimised.

4. Cables shall not be twisted around each other in any way.5. Cables shall be secured together by means of UV resistant black heavy nylon

cable ties, at approximate intervals of 250 mm.6. Cables shall not be placed in close proximity with metallic objects other than

the rail, including:

a. Being secured with metallic fittings.b. Enclosed in metallic pipes.


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0.5mcable tie

cable ties

Figure 16 Trackside equipment

6.3.1 ESJ arrangement

1. ESJ length shall be 23 m 0.15 m.2. The ESJ requirements stated in 5.2.3 shall be complied with.

6.3.2 ACI track connection

1. ACI track connection point shall be placed at the ESJ midpoint 0.2 m,nominally 11.5 m from the nearest TUs.

6.3.3 TU track connection

1. TU track connection point shall be placed such that the trackside cabling tothe TU is perpendicular to the rail.

6.3.4 Configuration: PPD

1. Refer to Appendix 9.7 for PPD plans:a. Pin Point Detectorb. Pin Point Detector Installation Planc. Pin Point Detector Configuration with MUd. Pin Point Detector Configuration with adjustable resistor

2. Holes shall be drilled for the possibility of mounting a boosting unit, 1 m fromthe PPD on the RX side. The boosting unit itself shall not be installed; thesetup process will cover that.

3. PPD shall be installed via mounting brackets cembred onto the nearest rail.

6.3.5 Configuration: DCR

1. Refer to Appendix 9.6 for DCR plans:a. Data Collectorb. Data Collector Installation Planc. Data Collector Configuration


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6.3.6 Configuration: ESJ

1. Refer to Appendix 9.3 for various ESJ configurations:a. ESJ with Dual Matching Unitb. ESJ with Single Matching Units or Tuning Matching Unitsc. ESJ Installation Plan MU / TU or TMU

d. ESJ Installation Plan ACIe. ESJ Configuration TX / RX with Dual MUf. ESJ Configuration TX / RXg. ESJ Configuration RX / RX with Dual MUh. ESJ Configuration RX / RX

6.3.7 Configuration: Centre-fed TX

1. Refer to Appendix 9.5 for the centre TX in a centre-fed track circuit:a. Centre-fed Transmissionb. Centre-fed Transmission Installation Planc. Centre-fed Transmission Configuration

2. ACI and TU shall be mounted back-to-back with the ACI facing the track.3. The TU to ACI connection length as per 5.2.1 shall be strictly observed. In

particular, the length is measured between centres of lug holes.

Figure 17 TU to ACI cable

+/- 20mm

6.3.8 Configuration: IRJ

1. Refer to Appendix 9.4 for various IRJ configurations:a. IRJ TX / RXb. IRJ Installation Plan MU / TU or TMUc. IRJ Configuration TXd. IRJ Configuration TX with Impedance Bonde. IRJ Configuration RX with Impedance Bond

2. ACI and TU shall be mounted back-to-back with the ACI facing the track.

3. The TU to ACI connection length as per 5.2.1 shall be strictly observed. Inparticular, the length is measured between centres of lug holes.4. ACI shall be connected to the impedance bond associated with the IRJ, rather

than a direct track connection, if practical.


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Figure 18 Trackside equipment with IRJ

cable tie

6.4 Location equipment and cabling from location to trackside

1. The cable / frequency allocation requirement stated in 5.2.1.1 shall becomplied with.

2. Each pair of wires connecting from the outgoing cable termination to eitherthe output of the TX or the input of the RX shall be twisted.

6.4.1 Equipment coding

1. Each TX and RX is mechanically coded for the NS1 equipment rack, toprevent incorrect positioning.

2. Following table shows the different codes for the RX / TX frequencies.

EQUIPMENT TYPE FREQUENCY (Hz) CODETransmitter

V1F1 1700 13-7-23

V1F2 2300 13-7-25V2F1 2000 13-7-26V2F2 2600 13-7-34

ReceiversV1F1 1700 248-26V1F2 2300 248-34V2F1 2000 248-35V2F2 2600 248-36

Table 16 TX and RX mechanical coding

3. Refer to Appendix 9.8 for images of the TX coding plug placements, and Appendix 9.9 for images of the RX coding plug placements.


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6.4.2 Ventilation

1. The ventilation requirements stated in 5.2.11 shall be complied with.


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SECTION 7.0 Testing and Commissioning

7.1 General

1. VRIOGS 012.5 remains as the top-level T&C document.2. T&C requirements specified in this document are intended to supplement

VRIOGS 012.5 in terms of detail that is specific to UM71 track circuits.3. Typically the requirements in this section are sequential in nature, and shallbe read accordingly.

4. Where there are deviations from the typical setup, eg if the 2.3sec LOS timeris not set, they need to be accounted for in the following steps.

7.2 Track circuit setup

1. Prior to testing, the track circuits need to be setup for operation.2. IDC sub-track circuits are excluded from this setup stage; they require the

parent track circuit to be commissioned first.

3. TX need the following to be set through jumpers:a. Output level, also known as KEMb. Maximum power outputc. Modulation output

4. RX need the following to be set through jumpers:a. Input level, also known as KRV

5. Each MU need the following to be set through jumpers:a. Configuring MU for proper interfacing

6. Depending on track circuit configurations, the installer may have installedpreliminary (jumper) settings as specified by the designer. In these cases,the setup is now deemed to be complete.

7. Where preliminary settings were not installed (intentionally or otherwise), thesetup shall occur in the field.a. Section SECTION 5.0 and typicals in Appendix B shall be used to

determine the jumper settings.b. If the specific adjustment method is required, refer to 7.4.5 .

7.3 IDC setup

1. Before an IDC can be setup for operation, its parent track circuit shall first becommissioned and set to work.

7.3.1 PPD setup

1. If the MU configuration is used, boosting unit selection is the only setuprequired.

2. If the adjustable resistor configuration is used, the resistor shall be adjusted togive a typical voltage of 330 mV across R1- R2 at the PPDs RX, with aminimum of 270mV.

3. KRV jumpers are not be used.4. Boosting unit selection

a. Four variants are available: 10 , 7.5 , 5 and 2.5 , all rated at 10 W.b. A variable resistor shall be used to determine which boosting unit variant

(if any) is selected.c. The boosting unit, if required, shall have the highest resistance that is

reasonable and suitable.d. Boosting units shall not be operated above their rated power.


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7.3.2 DCR setup

1. The DCRs RXs R1-R2 voltage shall have a target value equal to the parentbranchs RXs R1-R2 voltage.

2. The DCRs KRV ratio shall be less than the parent branchs KRV.

7.4 Checking

1. Following references are provided for convenience:a. Appendix 9.3 for ESJ configurationsb. Appendix 9.4 for IRJ configurationsc. Appendix 9.5 for centre-fed TX configurationd. Appendix 9.7 for PPD configuratione. Appendix 9.6 for DCR configuration

2. Confirm that the bonding, wiring and connections are complete for:a. On-track (bonding), and track connection points

b. Track to trackside unitsc. Trackside units to locationd. Within location

3. Confirm jumpers on the TX and RX units are in place as per plans.

7.4.1 Checking TX

1. Power up the TX and check voltage on terminals A+ and A- is 24 volts (22.5Vto 28.8V).

2. Check the output of the TX is between maximum and minimum values shownon the universal adjustment tables in Appendix A, where applicable.

7.4.2 Checking RX

1. Power up the RX and check voltage on terminals A+ and A- is 24 volts (22.5Vto 28.8V).

2. Check the track relay has energised. The track relay will energise at 200 210mV and de-energise at 170 180mV.

3. Check the RX for the C C2 jumper (2.3 second loss of shunt timer)4. Perform the measurements specified on the track circuit data sheet. Check

that the measured values fit within the specified values of the universaladjustment tables in Appendix A, where applicable.

5. Perform the 0.1 ohm test shunt at the extremes and centre of the track circuit.a. Verify the track relay itself has de-energised.b. Check there is a perceptible delay prior to relay energisation after shunt

removal.c. Shunts shall be placed 1m inside the track circuit from each TU for the

tests at extremities.

7.4.3 Checking PPD

1. Check that the PPD is placed 65 mm from running edge of rail.2. Check that the boosting unit is 1 m from the PPD on the RX side.3. Check the RX for the C C2 jumper (2.3 second loss of shunt timer)4. Power up the RX and check voltage on terminals A+ and A- is 24 volts (22.5V

to 28.8V).5. If the adjustable resistor configuration is used, confirm minimum voltage at

R1-R2 of 270 mV.NOTE: This document is controlled only when viewed on the DOT Engineering Standards website.

Any other copy of this document is uncontrolled, and the content may be inaccurate..


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6. Check the track relay has energised.7. Perform the 0.1 ohm test shunt at the extremes of the sub-track circuit.

a. Verify the track relay itself has de-energised.b. Check there is a perceptible delay prior to relay energisation after

shunt removal.c. Shunts shall be placed 1m inside the sub-track circuit from either the

TU or the PPD.

Figure 19 PPD test shunt locations

7.4.4 Checking DCR

1. Check the MU does not have a jumper across R1-R2. The series resistormust not be bypassed.

2. Check the RX for the C C2 jumper (2.3 second loss of shunt timer)3. Verify KRV ratio for the DCR is less than the KRV ratio of the parent branchs

RX.

4. Power up the RX and check voltage on terminals A+ and A- is 24 volts (22.5Vto 28.8V).5. Check the track relay has energised.6. Perform the 0.1 ohm test shunt at the extremes of the sub-track circuit.

a. Verify the track relay itself has de-energised.b. Verify the R1-R2 voltage is less than 150 mV.c. Check there is a perceptible delay prior to relay energisation after

shunt removal.d. Shunts shall be placed 1m inside the sub-track circuit from either the

TU or the DCRs MU.

Figure 20 DCR test shunt locations


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7.4.5 Specific adjustment

1. Specific adjustment is an empirical approach to setting the KRV ratio.2. It has been colloquially referred to as the 350 Rule.3. Specific adjustment shall only be used with the consent of the Infrastructure

Manager, and where the universal adjustment method is either not directlyapplicable or has failed to provide a stable track circuit.4. The weather condition (very wet/wet/dry, etc) shall be recorded.5. KRV ratio, in the first instance, shall be determined by the following formula,

with the result rounded up:KRV = 350mV x 58

V1V2a. V1V2 is the voltage across RXs V1-V2.

6. Where additional KRV adjustments are required for track circuit operation, thefollowing limits are in place:a. Voltage across RXs R1-R2 does not fall below 240 mV, if adjustment is

made in wet weather.

b. Voltage across RXs R1-R2 does not exceed 450 mV if adjustment ismade in dry weather.

c. Infrastructure Manager approval is particularly critical if additionaladjustments are used.


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VRIOGS 012.7.35 - CSEE (UM71) Jointless Track Circuit Application Manual

SECTION 8.0 Appendix A

KEM and KRV Universal Adjustment

The data presented has been transcribed from the existing UM71 adjustment tables from the PTC era.

The document was labelled as:

CS TransportPublic Transport Corporation, MelbourneUM71 Track Circuit Adjustment Tables, Revision A

Author: M. GuillardDated 28/2/95CTR/SPS/GML/95/40.333

Document header was co-signed by: A. Gros (Checker) M. Guicharnaud (Project Manager) A. Delorme (Quality Assurance)

The tables are presented in the following order: End-fed track circuit, ESJs at both transmitter and receiver End-fed track circuit, ESJ at transmitter and IRJ at receiver End-fed track circuit, IRJ at transmitter and ESJ at receiver

Modifications from original document: Compensation capacitance values were adjusted (during the PTC era) from 22 uF and 33 uF

respectively on account of parts availability. This is now reflected in the configuration headtables.

NOTE: This document is controlled only when viewed on the DOT Engineering Standard s website. Any other copy of this document isinaccurate.

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Configuration: End-fed track circuit with no compensation; Frequency is 1700 Hz; Transmitter on ESJ; Receiver on ESJ

TRANSMITTER TRANSMISSION RELength KEM UTR (V) ltr (mA) UVT (V) UVR (V) UV1V2(V)

TC V Output average V Output Track V RxEnd V @ V1 + U2 (m) min Max min Max min Max min Max 100 3.5 45 51 190 2.02 2.80 1.13 1.95 1.24 2.13 12 125 3.5 45 51 185 2.06 2.87 1.03 1.79 1.12 1.95 13 150 3.5 45 51 181 2.10 2.93 0.93 1.64 1.02 1.79 14 175 3.5 45 51 178 2.14 2.99 0.85 1.52 0.93 1.66 15 200 3.5 45 51 176 2.17 3.04 0.78 1.41 0.85 1.54 17 225 3.5 45 51 174 2.19 3.08 0.71 1.31 0.78 1.43 18 250 3.5 45 51 173 2.22 3.12 0.66 1.23 0.72 1.34 20 275 3.5 45 51 172 2.24 3.15 0.61 1.15 0.67 1.26 21 300 3.5 45 51 172 2.25 3.18 0.56 1.09 0.62 1.19 23

325 3.5 45 51 171 2.27 3.21 0.53 1.03 0.57 1.12 25 350 3.5 45 51 171 2.28 3.23 0.49 0.97 0.54 1.06 26 375 3.5 45 51 171 2.29 3.26 0.46 0.92 0.50 1.01 28

400 3.5 45 51 171 2.29 3.28 0.43 0.88 0.47 0.96 30 425 3.5 45 51 171 2.30 3.29 0.40 0.84 0.44 0.92 32 450 3.5 45 51 171 2.31 3.31 0.38 0.81 0.41 0.88 34 475 3.5 45 51 171 2.31 3.33 0.35 0.77 0.39 0.84 36 500 3.5 45 51 172 2.31 3.34 0.33 0.74 0.36 0.81 38 525 3.5 45 51 172 2.32 3.35 0.31 0.71 0.34 0.78 40 550 3.5 45 51 172 2.32 3.36 0.30 0.69 0.32 0.75 43

575 3.5 45 51 172 2.32 3.38 0.28 0.66 0.30 0.72 45 600 3.5 45 51 173 2.32 3.39 0.26 0.64 0.29 0.70 48 625 3.5 45 51 173 2.32 3.40 0.25 0.62 0.27 0.68 51 650 3.5 45 51 173 2.32 3.40 0.23 0.60 0.26 0.66 54


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Configuration: End-fed track circuit with 35 uF compensation capacitors; Frequency is 1700 Hz; Transmitter on ESJ; Recei


TC V Output average V Output Track V RxEnd V @ V1 + U2 (m) min Max min Max min Max min Max 600 3 39 44 191 1.83 2.64 0.88 1.80 0.96 1.97 15 700 3 39 44 195 1.80 2.52 0.81 1.90 0.89 2.08 16 800 3 39 44 194 1.76 2.33 0.73 1.76 0.80 1.93 18 900 3 39 44 191 1.78 2.44 0.64 1.58 0.70 1.72 20

1000 3 39 44 191 1.80 2.59 0.58 1.55 0.64 1.69 22 1100 3 39 44 193 1.80 2.54 0.53 1.60 0.58 1.75 24


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Configuration: End-fed track circuit with no compensation; Frequency is 2000 Hz; Transmitter on ESJ; Receiver on ESJ


TC V Output average V Output Track V RxEnd V @ V1 + U2 (m) min Max min Max min Max min Max 100 3.75 48 54 176 2.15 2.98 1.19 2.07 1.31 2.26 11 125 3.75 48 54 172 2.19 3.06 1.08 1.89 1.18 2.07 12 150 3.75 48 55 168 2.24 3.13 0.97 1.73 1.07 1.90 13 175 3.75 48 55 166 2.27 3.19 0.89 1.60 0.97 1.75 15 200 3.75 48 55 164 2.31 3.24 0.81 1.48 0.89 1.63 16 225 3.75 48 55 163 2.33 3.29 0.74 1.38 0.81 1.51 18 250 3.75 48 55 162 2.36 3.33 0.68 1.29 0.75 1.42 19 275 3.75 48 55 161 2.38 3.37 0.63 1.21 0.69 1.33 21 300 3.75 48 55 161 2.39 3.40 0.58 1.14 0.64 1.25 22

325 3.75 48 55 161 2.41 3.43 0.54 1.08 0.59 1.18 24 350 3.75 48 55 160 2.42 3.46 0.50 1.02 0.55 1.12 25 375 3.75 48 55 160 2.43 3.48 0.47 0.97 0.51 1.07 27

400 3.75 48 55 161 2.44 3.51 0.44 0.93 0.48 1.02 29 425 3.75 48 55 161 2.44 3.53 0.41 0.89 0.45 0.97 31 450 3.75 48 55 161 2.45 3.54 0.38 0.85 0.42 0.93 33 475 3.75 48 55 161 2.45 3.56 0.36 0.81 0.39 0.89 35 500 3.75 48 55 161 2.45 3.58 0.

Jointless Track Circuit Application Manual

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