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Jazz StylesJazz is a broad genre ha includes many differen s yles. Te ac ivi ies in his pack will amiliarize s udcally and aurally, wi h he s yles lis ed below. Presen he in orma ion rom he alking poin s ha ma ches your s uden s previous experiences and he ocus o your lesson.

RagtimeRag ime is a piano-based jazz s yle ha developed in he early 1900s and was popular or abou 20 years. Ra wo-bea rhy hm ha s played in he lef hand o he piano while he righ hand plays ragged rhy hmsRag ime music was writen down ra her han improvised. Te ci y o S . Louis is associa ed wi h he develorag ime s yle and some rag ime players include Scot Joplin, Ferdinand Jelly Roll Mor on, and James P. Joh

BluesTe blues grew ou o eld hollers, work songs, and spiri uals. I was originally a vocal s yle o jazz ha

he challenges o a difficul li e. Flated hird, fh, and seven h scale degrees give blues i s blue eeling

bar blues con ains 3 our-measure phrases. Te lyrics o he rs wo phrases usually s a e a problem and phrase resolves i in some manner. Te singing s yle includes scooped and ben no es and he empo is usslow and expressive. A lo o he improvisa ion ha is done in odays jazz is based on he 12-bar bluesMemphis Blues , writen by W.C. Handy in 1912, was one o he rs blues pieces o be published. Bessie Smia amous blues singer who was popular in he 1930s.

Boogie WoogieBoogie Woogie is a piano s yle based on he blues bu resembling rag ime. Te s yle appeared abou 1918 was popular hrough he early 1940s. A repea ed gure is played by he lef hand on he piano while he hand plays exci ing, driving melodies. Te lef hand plays a walking bass line ha usually consis s o eigh per measure, so boogie woogie is some imes called eigh o he bar.

DixielandTis early s yle o jazz grew ou o he marching brass bands o New Orleans near he urn o he wen ieTe A ricans brough heir own rhy hmic and improvisa ory s yle o he European ins rumen s hey learneand soon, smaller bands and combos were playing he s yle we now re er o as Dixieland. rumpe s, cornebones, and drums were common, wi h saxophones, clarine s, and even banjos being added la er. Louis ArmsKing Oliver, and Sidney Beche all are amous names in he Dixieland s yle. Te rs recordings o Dixielawere per ormed by Te Original Dixieland Jass Band in he early 1920s.

Swing

Swing s yle began in he 1930s and surged o he ore ron in populari y. Te swing eel moved away rorhy hms used in early jazz orms and bea s 2 and 4 were accen ed. Swing bands (which were called Big Bandsize o include eigh brasses ( our rumpe s, our rombones), ve woodwinds, and a our-player rhy hm sbig band in he swing era included a singer. Some o he mos amous big band leaders are Coun Basie, DukBenny Goodman, and Glenn Miller.

BebopBebop was a very innova ive s yle o jazz ha appeared in he 1940s. Fas and urious, i con ains compleand improvisa ory sec ions. Te radical, new sound o bebop was shocking, and qui e con roversial, o many p

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Te mos amous bop players included saxophonis Charlie Parker (Bird) and rumpe er Dizzy Gillespie (O her early bebop ar is s included Sonny S it (saxophone), Oscar Peti ord (bass), and Bud Powell (piano).

Cool JazzCool Jazz was a direc con ras o bebop. Smaller ensembles were employed and he bea was less s ric h jazz orms. rumpe ers Miles Davis and Che Baker, as well as pianis Dave Brubeck, made his s yle olar.

Rock n RollA direc descendan o jazz, rock n roll became popular in he 1950s. Many early rock n roll songs are covers o old blues songs, per ormed wi h elec ric ins rumen s and a s ronger accen ing o he off-bea s

Latin Joao Gilber o released he rs major album in he bossa nova s yle,Chega de Saudade, in 1959. Te inuenceo A ro-Cuban, Caribbean, and Brazilian music on jazz only because s ronger, wi h Dizzy Gillespie, amongembracing he s yle. In addi ion o piano, drums, bass, gui ar, and a solo ins rumen , like rumpe or saxsecond percussionis is ofen heard playing imbales and o her La in percussion ins rumen s. Tis s yle con ibe a big par o he jazz scene oday.

Jazz-RockDeveloped in he Uni ed S a es during he 1970s and 80s, jazz-rock combines he improvisa ional, melodmonic componen s o jazz wi h he rhy hmic drive and elec ric ins rumen a ion o rock. Elec ric gui arare all common ins rumen s used in jazz-rock, as is he syn hesizer. Miles Davis was one o he rs musicia jazz-rock in he la e 1960s, crea ing a sound ha was con roversial a he ime, bu la er recognized as a grnew s yle. O her jazz-rock ar is s include Chick Corea; Joe Zawinul and Wayne Shor er and heir band, WeaPa Me heny; and Herbie Hancock. Many o hese same ar is s explore o her modern jazz s yles, includin

ree jazz, and con inue o per orm and record oday. Some, including Herbie Hancock, are branching ou evo collabora e wi h pop ar is s, including Annie Lennox, S ing, Joss S one, and John Mayer.

Jazz TimelineObjectiveIn roduc ion or review o jazz s ylesSuggestions for Use

S uden s may ll in he Jazz imeline reproducible, ound on page 10, as you presen he jazz s yles oclass.I is also use ul during guided-lis ening ac ivi ies. S uden s iden i y wha heyre hearing and

rec ly wi hin jazz his ory.

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Jazz Styles Dial A Guided-Listening Activity and Game

ObjectiveAural iden ica ion o jazz s yles

DirectionsLamina e ac ivi y boards or durabili y. I desired, cu ou he poin ers1.provided in his pack and atach hem wi h a me al brad o he op o

he board where he lines converge. Inexpensive plas ic arrows arealso available or purchase a mos school supply s ores. O herwise,s uden s may ouch he correc answers wi h heir ngers.rack 1 o he included CD con ains excerp s o each jazz s yle, wi h i s name announced be ore 2.

played. Consider beginning his guided-lis ening ac ivi y by playing rack 1 or 2 and pausing he CDeach excerp o impar basic in orma ion abou ha par icular s yle o he s uden s. ( racks differen recorded examples o each s yle. In orma ion abou each s yle is provided on pages 8 and

Once s uden s are amiliar wi h each s yle, use rack 3 or 4 o play a s yle guessing game. Tese ra3.per ormances o jazz s yles in random order (no s yle names announced). S uden s guess wha sare hearing by drawing on he in orma ion hey were given a he beginning o he lesson. S udenuse he ac ivi y boards o indica e heir answers. (Te s yles excerp s on each rack are lis ed in low.)Consider using rack 3 or 4 or a ormal assessmen o s uden s knowledge o jazz s yles. Have4.number a blank page rom 1 o 8. Play he CD rack and ins ruc s uden s o wri e down he nams yle as hey hear i .

CD Track InformationTrack 1Te Styles of JazzNames announced before eachexcerpt

Rag imeDixielandBluesBoogie WoogieSwingBebopRock n RollCool JazzLa in Jazz-Rock

Track 2Te Styles of JazzNames announced before eachexcerpt

Cool JazzBebopSwingBluesDixielandRock n Roll Jazz-RockRag imeLa inBoogie Woogie

Track 3Te Styles of JazzGuessing game, no namesannounced

Jazz-RockBoogie WoogieDixielandCool JazzRag imeBluesLa in

Swing

Track 4Te Styles of JazzGuessing game, no namesannounced

BebopSwingCool Jazz Jazz-RockLa inDixielandBoogie WoogieBlues

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