Japan and CGIAR: Partnering for Impact - World...
Transcript of Japan and CGIAR: Partnering for Impact - World...
Japan and CGIAR: Partnering for Impact
Jonathan Wadsworth, Head of the CGIAR Fund Office
Food Security
Yet 75% of these people live in rural areas—they are mostly farmers
870 million people are chronically undernourished
Inadequate technology and outdated agricultural practices
limit farmers’ potential
Importance of Food Security
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Tota
l P
op
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tio
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Bill
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s)
World Population
Total A
rable
Land
(He
ctares)
Arable Land
Food is one of our most basic human needs, and rapid population
growth has increased global demand - but the increase in total
arable land worldwide has been minimal
Estimated 9 billion in 2050,
which will require 70%
additional food production
Feeding the world will increasingly depend upon more
efficient use of available resources
7 billion people in 2010
And the greatest opportunities are in developing countries
Developing World Focus
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Global Agricultural Land vs. Cereal Yield2009 & 2010 World Bank Data
E. Asia &
Pacific
Europe &
Central Asia
Latin
America &
Caribbean
North
America
Middle
East & N.
Africa
South
Asia
Ag
ric
ult
ura
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an
d (
mil
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n k
m2)
Ce
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ld (k
g p
er h
ec
tare
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Sub-
Saharan
Africa
ON)
7,000
6,000
5,000
4,000
3,000
2,000
1,000
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CGIAR is uniquely positioned to sustainably reduce poverty & hunger:
Only global agricultural research body producing top-level science to meet needs
of poor smallholder farmers in developing countries
Research results are global public goods, freely available to all
Global leader on agriculture & climate change research
Proven track record of large-scale development impacts
Focus on gender, partnerships & capacity building ensures that research results
benefit and empower poor farmers & women
Research & Innovation by CGIAR Is Vital to
Feeding the World & Protecting the Planet
CGIAR: Generating World-Class Science &
Technology for Major Development Impact
A world without CGIAR: A study by Evenson and Gollin shows:
Developing countries would be producing
7-8% less food
Up to 13 million more hectares would be
under cultivation, significantly increasing
GHG emissions & global warming
Per capita food consumption in the
developing world would be 5% lower
13-15 million more children would be
malnourished
Scuba rice survives under water for 2 weeks+ during major
flooding with a yield advantage of 1-3 tons/ha; private sector
partnerships led to unprecedented adoption rates
New sorghum varieties increased average grain & fodder yields
by 40% & 20% respectively, leading to 50% rise in smallholders’ incomes
“Super Tilapia” has increased fish yields by up to 80% in Asian
countries, significantly improving incomes & nutrition of the poor
Drought-tolerant maize has increased farmers’ yields by 20-30%,
benefiting 20 million people in 13 African countries
Biofortified orange sweet potato greatly
increased vitamin A intake of women &
children in Uganda & Mozambique to improve
nutrition & health
CGIAR’s Proven Track Record over 40+ Years: Agricultural R&D for the Benefit of the Poor
Value for Money: CGIAR Research Is Extremely Cost-Effective
For each $1 invested, at least $17
worth of additional food is produced
in developing countries
Crop improvement research,
rates of return:
• Latin America = 39%
• Asia and the Middle East &
North Africa = over 100%
Overall economic benefits of
CGIAR—conservatively estimated at
$14 billion—far surpass investments
Spending on agricultural research offers high rates of return of about
40% – 60%; higher than any other development investment
CGIAR Research:
Returns on investment
Internal challenges
Lack of CGIAR-wide priorities & strategy
Duplication of research and fragmentation of funding
Need for stronger governance and greater accountability
Getting research results “off the shelf” and into the hands of
those who need them most
External challenges
Increasing global population & urbanization
Rising costs for food, feed & fuel
Worsening water scarcity, land degradation,
and climate change
Underinvestment in agricultural research for
the public good
Need for a New Approach to Achieve
Bigger and Better Impact
Legally binding performance contracts link funding to
results to ensure CRPs deliver impact
Rigorous M&E, including Independent Evaluation
Arrangement to assess CRPs’ progress & results
System-wide and CRP gender strategies ensure that
research benefits and empowers poor rural women
First-ever Intellectual Assets Policy harnesses the
strength of all partners, including the private sector, to
disseminate technologies with greater speed and scale
CGIAR Research Programs:Value for Money
Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security: Climate-Smart Villages are piloting technologies and innovations to help farmers
adapt to climate change, build resilience and reduce GHG emissions, while
increasing incomes & food security.
Forests, Trees and Agroforestry:In West Africa, CGIAR has partnered with Mars Inc. to improve farmers’
livelihoods by developing improved cocoa varieties that yield up to four times
more, securing markets for agroforestry products, and quantifying the potential
of trees on farms for climate change adaptation & mitigation.
Agriculture for Nutrition and Health: Farmers are growing nutrient-rich, “climate proof” crops (e.g., vitamin A maize in
Zambia and iron-rich pearl millet in India) that are drought or heat tolerant, virus
resistant & high yielding.
CGIAR Research Programs:Benefits & Impact
Partnership Outcomes:The results of the collaboration
Collaborative work has evolved over
the years spanning a variety of
research topics.
Research has demonstrated that
improved rice technology has
significantly impacted poverty in
amongst marginal farmers.
Work is shifting towards improved
breeding and varieties that are able to
better withstand increasingly
challenging conditions being caused by
climate change. Some examples are:Climate Change Adaptation in Rainfed Rice
Areas (CCARA)
Global Rice Science Partnership (GRiSP)
Japan’s support to CGIAR has been
strategically focused on rice. This makes
sense from a food security point of view:
approximately 3 billion people depend on
rice as their staple food.
As a long term partner of IRRI, Japan has
provided well over $90 million in financial
support since 1971, with continuous
representation on the IRRI Board of
Directors
Japan’s partnership is multidimensional,
involving a variety of Government
institutions, including the MAFF, MOFA,
MOF, JIRCAS & JICA
Partnership for Results:Japanese Support in the Rice Sector
Projects focused on increasing agricultural productivity and
production: food yams in Africa and the introduction of appropriate
cowpea varieties are examples
Strategic Partnership:MAFF - AFFRC priorities and support
Addressing climate change issues, such
as the Greenhouse Gas Mitigation in
Irrigated Rice Paddies (MIRSA-2)
working across Asia to save water and
mitigate emissions of greenhouse gases
Again, as other Japanese partners,
MAFF works with a variety of different
CGIAR centers, including IWMI, IRRI,
ICRISAT, IITA and AfricaRice
The Japan Rice Breeding Project
JRB is an innovative project,
supported by the Policy &
Human Resources
Development Fund (PHRD)
Focused on modernizing
breeding programs at IRRI and
AfricaRice
Helping to develop new
varieties that meet the needs of
the poorest rice farmers and
consumers in the world
The Japan Rice Breeding Project:The results thus far
Through JRB, 5 improved varieties have been introduced in
Burundi, Mozambique & Tanzania
88 new stress-tolerant varieties have been developed for
Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Indonesia, Vietnam, Myanmar & the
Philippines
Rice breeding infrastructure has been
upgraded at both IRRI and AfricaRice;
this makes it possible for CGIAR
scientists and researchers to map traits
in rice varieties far quicker than before
JICA, along with AGRA, has taken the lead
in developing the Coalition for African
Rice Development (CARD)
Season-Long Rice Farming Extension
Program organized by JICA in
collaboration with IRRI and PhilRice
JICA, in collaboration with JST, supports a
SATREPS research project on the
expansion of rice production in Columbia
that is being implemented by CIAT
JICA Research Institute collaboration with
IFPRI
Strategic Partnership:JICA Support for CGIAR
IRRI is working in partnership with Japan
on molecular breeding techniques to
develop high yielding varieties under
unfavorable conditions based on work
carried out with JIRCAS and RIKEN
The Climate Change Adaptation in Rainfed
Rice Areas (CCARA) is being developed
with JIRCAS and JAMSTEC support
JIRCAS and JICA are also founding
members of Global Rice Science
Partnership (GRiSP)
Japan-CGIAR Fellowship Program
Strategic Partnership:JIRCAS Support for CGIAR
TICAD V:
CGIAR commitments
The 5th Tokyo International Conference on African Development
took place in June 2013 and focused on “accelerating growth”
while addressing poverty/vulnerability reduction
Most pertinent for CGIAR, TICAD V also highlighted the
importance of the agricultural sector for economic
development and food security
To the credit of participants, a specific focus on small scale
farmers and women is highlighted both in terms of the priorities
and the results framework
CGIAR centers were implicated and have been included in the
results framework
Next Steps:Seizing Opportunities for Continuous Improvement
Governance reforms: governance and management improvements will be
made to the CGIAR system over the coming 18 months, helping to better
align the system with the forthcoming 2nd generation of CRPs.
New SRF: A new SRF is being finalized based on Fund Council comments.
This new SRF will sharpen the CGIAR’s focus and sets out an ambitious
research agenda for the system.
CRP 2nd call: Based on the agenda being outlined in the SRF, a CRP 2nd call
will be launched in the immediate future for a new generation of hard-hitting
CRPs that will be developed in 2015-2016 for start-up in 2017.
Revised CGIAR-wide resource mobilization approach to increase
coordination, coherence & funding opportunities and deliver up-front
commitments to ensure financial stability and predictability.
Next Steps:The Strategy and Results Framework (SRF)
2016 – 2030 SRF: the new SRF will guide the development and
implementation of an ambitious and bold portfolio of 2nd generation CRPs
Strategic goals: (i) reduced poverty; (ii) improved food and nutrition
security for health; and (iii) improved natural resource systems and
ecosystem services
Ambitious strategic targets: (i) 100 million fewer poor people; (ii)150 million
fewer hungry people; and (iii)190 million ha of degraded land restored
Gender focus: strategic targets all aim to ensure that at least 50% of targeted
population is female
Thank you