Ionic Bonding Continued: AcidsIonic Bonding Continued: Acids

Ionic Bonding Continued - AcidsIonic Bonding Continued - Acids

What is an acid?What is an acid? Ionic compounds that give off Ionic compounds that give off hydrogen ionshydrogen ions

when dissolved in waterwhen dissolved in waterTend to be Tend to be corrosivecorrosiveTaste Taste soursourConduct Conduct electricityelectricityHave their own unique naming systemHave their own unique naming system

Acid StructureAcid Structure

Have a characteristic formula structure: Have a characteristic formula structure: “HX”“HX”Where “H” is a hydrogen Where “H” is a hydrogen cationcationWhere “X” is an Where “X” is an anionanionSo generally, if you see a formula for an So generally, if you see a formula for an

ionic compound that starts with an “H” it is ionic compound that starts with an “H” it is likely an acidlikely an acid

Naming AcidsNaming Acids

Scenario 1 – The anion ends in the suffix Scenario 1 – The anion ends in the suffix “ide”“ide”Add the prefix “hydro” to the anionAdd the prefix “hydro” to the anionChange the suffix to “ic”Change the suffix to “ic”Add the word “acid” to the endAdd the word “acid” to the end i.e. HF i.e. HF hydrogen & fluor hydrogen & fluorideide

hydrofluoric acidhydrofluoric acid

i.e. HCN i.e. HCN hydrogen & cyan hydrogen & cyanideide hydrocyanic acidhydrocyanic acid

ExamplesExamples

Name the following Name the following compoundscompounds

1.1. HHɪɪ2.2. HH33PP

3.3. HH22SS

4.4. HFHF

Write the formula Write the formula for the following for the following compoundscompounds1.1. Hydrobromic acidHydrobromic acid

2.2. Hydroselenic Hydroselenic acidacid

3.3. Hydroxidic Hydroxidic acidacid

Naming AcidsNaming Acids

Scenario 2 – The anion ends with the Scenario 2 – The anion ends with the suffix “ate”suffix “ate”Change the suffix of the anion to “ic”Change the suffix of the anion to “ic”Add the word “acid” to the endAdd the word “acid” to the endNote: no need for the “hydro” prefixNote: no need for the “hydro” prefixHint to remember – “If you ATE it, its Icky”Hint to remember – “If you ATE it, its Icky” i.e. HNOi.e. HNO33 hydrogen & nitr hydrogen & nitrateate

nitric acidnitric acid i.e. Hi.e. H22SOSO44 hydrogen & sulf hydrogen & sulfateate

Sulfuric acidSulfuric acid

ExamplesExamples

Name the following Name the following compoundscompounds1.1. HH22COCO33

2.2. HClOHClO44

3.3. HH22CrCr22OO77

4.4. CHCH33COOH or COOH or

HCHC22HH33OO22

Write the formula Write the formula for the following for the following compoundscompounds1.1. Chloric AcidChloric Acid

2.2. Oxalic AcidOxalic Acid3.3. Permanganic Permanganic

AcidAcid

Naming AcidsNaming Acids

Scenario 3 – The anion ends with the Scenario 3 – The anion ends with the suffix “ite”suffix “ite”Change the suffix on the anion to “ous”Change the suffix on the anion to “ous”Add the word “acid” to the endAdd the word “acid” to the endNote: no need for the “hydro” prefixNote: no need for the “hydro” prefix i.e. HNOi.e. HNO22 hydrogen & nitr hydrogen & nitriteite

nitrous acidnitrous acid

i.e. Hi.e. H22SOSO3 3 hydrogen & sulf hydrogen & sulfiteite sulfurous acidsulfurous acid

ExamplesExamples

Name the following Name the following compoundscompounds

1.1. HH22SOSO33

2.2. HNOHNO22

3.3. HClOHClO22

Write the formula Write the formula for the following for the following compoundscompounds1.1. Hypochlorous acidHypochlorous acid

2.2. Phosphourous Phosphourous acidacid

Writing Acid FormulasWriting Acid Formulas

Use the prefix/suffix combinations to figure Use the prefix/suffix combinations to figure out the anionout the anion

Balance the charges with a H+ cation (s)Balance the charges with a H+ cation (s)Write the formulaWrite the formula i.e. – permanganic acidi.e. – permanganic acid

permanganate anion permanganate anion MnO MnO44--

HMnOHMnO44