INVESTIGATION AND MODELING OF RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF CERAMICS AND SILICATE MATERIALS László A....

INVESTIGATION AND INVESTIGATION AND MODELING OF RHEOLOGICAL MODELING OF RHEOLOGICAL

PROPERTIES OF CERAMICS PROPERTIES OF CERAMICS AND SILICATE MATERIALSAND SILICATE MATERIALS

László A. GÖMZELászló A. GÖMZE

University of Miskolc, Department of Ceramics and University of Miskolc, Department of Ceramics and

Silicate EngineeringSilicate Engineering

Sf. Gheorghe, April 6-9, 2006Sf. Gheorghe, April 6-9, 2006

8th Mining, Metallurgy and Geology8th Mining, Metallurgy and GeologyConferenceConference

8th Mining, Metallurgy and Geology Conference Sf. Gheorghe, April 6-9, 2006

L. A. GömzeL. A. Gömze, Department of Ceramics and Silicate Engineering (University of , Department of Ceramics and Silicate Engineering (University of Miskolc)Miskolc)[email protected],, Tel: +36-30-7462714 Tel: +36-30-7462714

STATE OF AFFAIRSSTATE OF AFFAIRS

1. 1. RheologyRheology, , rheologicalrheological modelmodel and and rheo-mechanical equationrheo-mechanical equation of different of different raw, semi-finished and finished materials raw, semi-finished and finished materials are the are the fundamental questionsfundamental questions in in understanding understanding crushing, mixing, crushing, mixing, formingforming and and sintering processessintering processes and and equipmentequipment both in both in technical ceramictechnical ceramic and and building materialsbuilding materials industry. industry.




STATE OF AFFAIRSSTATE OF AFFAIRS

2. 2. DescribeDescribe the the rheological rheological propertiesproperties and and build-upbuild-up adequate adequate rheological modelrheological model and and mechanicalmechanical (mathematical) (mathematical) equationequation of of ceramicsceramics and other and other silicate materialssilicate materials we can we can only after only after underundersstandingtanding the the morphologymorphology, micro- and nano-, micro- and nano-structure of these materials.structure of these materials.



The Aims and GoalsThe Aims and Goals

Give a historical overview about Give a historical overview about interpretation of rheology in ceramic and interpretation of rheology in ceramic and silicate industrysilicate industry

Show the relationship between Show the relationship between microstructure and rheological properties microstructure and rheological properties of ceramics and other silicate materialsof ceramics and other silicate materials

Show the rheological models Show the rheological models developed/applied by author for ceramics developed/applied by author for ceramics and other silicate materialsand other silicate materials



The used System of The used System of NotationNotation

rr - actual elastic deformation - actual elastic deformation mm – viscous deformation (residual) – viscous deformation (residual) kk – delayed elastic deformation – delayed elastic deformation plpl – plasticy-viscous deformation – plasticy-viscous deformation EE11 – Hookean dynamic modulus – Hookean dynamic modulus EE22 – elasticity modulus of Voigt-Kelvin body – elasticity modulus of Voigt-Kelvin body nn – – viscosityviscosity of the of the Newton Newton’s element’s element mm – viscosity – viscosity of the of the Maxwell elementsMaxwell elements 11 – – vviscosity of the plastic-viscoiscosity of the plastic-viscousus body body 22 – – vviscosity of the Voigt-Kelviiscosity of the Voigt-Kelvinn body body 00 – – sstatic tatic yielo-pointyielo-point of the of the plastic-viscous bodyplastic-viscous body F – mechanical force acting on materialF – mechanical force acting on material ttfrfr – Time interval of relaxation of mechanical stress in material – Time interval of relaxation of mechanical stress in material

structure/system of asphalt mixturesstructure/system of asphalt mixtures ttrr – Time of delay of elastic deformation in the material – Time of delay of elastic deformation in the material

structure/system of asphalt mixturesstructure/system of asphalt mixtures



HISTORICAL OVERVIEWHISTORICAL OVERVIEWRheological Models of Ceramic Raw Rheological Models of Ceramic Raw

Materials and Fired Ceramic Grains and Materials and Fired Ceramic Grains and GranulesGranules

rr

m m

k 2

Kirpiczhev-KickKirpiczhev-Kick(1885)(1885)

Rebinder-Rebinder-PavluskinPavluskin

(1937-1963)(1937-1963)

Pavlushkin-Pavlushkin-NiczhiporenkóNiczhiporenkó(1963-1968)(1963-1968)



HISTORICAL OVERVIEWHISTORICAL OVERVIEWRheological Models of Glasses as Rheological Models of Glasses as Function of Cooling TemperatureFunction of Cooling Temperature

mr

mm

n

r

2k

1m

k 2r

Rebinder (1937)Rebinder (1937)Pavluskin (1963)Pavluskin (1963)

Szalkay F.Szalkay F. (1952)(1952)

Rebinder – Szalkay - Rebinder – Szalkay - Pavluskin (1937 Pavluskin (1937 – 1952 -1963)– 1952 -1963)

Szalkay F.Szalkay F. (1952)(1952)



HISTORICAL OVERVIEWHISTORICAL OVERVIEWRheological Models of Clay Minerals for Rheological Models of Clay Minerals for

Brick IndustryBrick Industry

r

pl0 1

Gömze – Turenko - Nazarov Gömze – Turenko - Nazarov (Építőanyag, 1974)(Építőanyag, 1974)



HISTORICAL OVERVIEWHISTORICAL OVERVIEWRheological Models of Reinforced Rheological Models of Reinforced

Concretes and Fibre Reinforced CementsConcretes and Fibre Reinforced Cements

r

10

2

Gömze A. LászlóGömze A. László (Építőanyag, 1983)(Építőanyag, 1983)



Combined Reo-tribometre Combined Reo-tribometre InstrumentInstrument

1.table; 2. worm-gear; 3. electromotor; 4. cable-drum; 5. cable-way or ropeway; 6. Moveable

car with shearing plate; 7. inductive measurer of moving; 8. force measurer; 9. heatable specimen-fixture; 10. pneumatic cylinder; 11. magnetic valve; 12. measurer of pressure;

13. compressor; 14. thermostat; 15. control panel; 16. spider; 17. computer



Photo of Combined Reo-Photo of Combined Reo-tribometre tribometre InstrumentInstrument



Typical Shearing-force -Typical Shearing-force -Deformation/displacement Deformation/displacement

Diagrams, Measured on Marshall-Diagrams, Measured on Marshall-ProbesProbes

-200

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

-50 0 50 100 150 200 250

Elmozdulás [mm]

Erő

[N

]

100 fok 110fok 120 fok, 130fok 140 fok



Some Results of Shearing TestsSome Results of Shearing Tests

Effective viscosity of asphalt mixtures can Effective viscosity of asphalt mixtures can be determined as:be determined as:

ee= = (H/v); [MPa s] (H/v); [MPa s]

T [°C]

Fmax [N]

max

[MPa]

e [MPa s]

Fdny

[N]dny

[Mpa]

d [MPa s]

100100 974974 0,1190,11922

0,2160,216 348348 0,0420,04266

0,0230,02322

110110 952952 0,1160,11655

0,1980,198 294294 0,0350,03599

0,0190,01911

120120 845845 0,1030,10344

0,1360,136 284284 0,0340,03488

0,0120,01288

130130 810810 0,0990,09911

0,1190,119 262262 0,0320,03211

0,0070,00744

140140 775775 0,0940,09455

0,1060,106 217217 0,0260,02655

0,0050,00533



Relaxation Test of Asphalt Relaxation Test of Asphalt Mixtures on Combined Mixtures on Combined

ReotribometreReotribometre FF11=var=var – shearing force – shearing force

[N][N] PPnyny=F=F22/A=var/A=var – pressure – pressure

stress in body [MPa]stress in body [MPa] A=constA=const. – working . – working

surface of Marshall-surface of Marshall-probe; [mm2]probe; [mm2]

Q=varQ=var – Materials in – Materials in asphalt mixtureasphalt mixture

T=constT=const – temperature – temperature of asphalt mixture [°C]of asphalt mixture [°C]



Tipical Specific Deformation-Tipical Specific Deformation-Time Functions of Asphalt Time Functions of Asphalt

MixturesMixtures



Rheological Model of Asphalt Rheological Model of Asphalt Mixtures with Bitumen BindersMixtures with Bitumen Binders

EE11 – – Hookean dynamic modulusHookean dynamic modulus EE22 – Elasticity modulus of – Elasticity modulus of Voigt-Voigt-

Kelvin bodyKelvin body 00 – Static – Static yield pointyield point of the of the visco-visco-

plastic bodyplastic body 11 – Viscosity of the – Viscosity of the plastic-viscose plastic-viscose

bodybody 22 – Viscosity of the – Viscosity of the Voigt-Kelvin’s Voigt-Kelvin’s

body body rr - - actual elasticactual elastic deformation deformation plpl – – plasticy-viscousplasticy-viscous deformation deformation kk – – delayed elasticdelayed elastic deformation deformation



Reological material equationReological material equation

frrrfrr tttttt

2

1110 1

- - First derive of specific deformation by time;First derive of specific deformation by time; - Second derive of specific deformation by time;- Second derive of specific deformation by time; 00 – Static yield-point of the material structure/system ; [MPa]– Static yield-point of the material structure/system ; [MPa] ttrr – Time of delay of elastic deformation in the material – Time of delay of elastic deformation in the material

structure/system of asphalt mixtures; [s]structure/system of asphalt mixtures; [s] ttfrfr – Time interval of relaxation of mechanical stress in material – Time interval of relaxation of mechanical stress in material

structure/system of asphalt mixtures; [s]structure/system of asphalt mixtures; [s]



Effective Viscosity of Shattered Effective Viscosity of Shattered and non-shattered material and non-shattered material

StructuresStructures

- - First derive of specific deformation by time;First derive of specific deformation by time; - Second derive of specific deformation by time;- Second derive of specific deformation by time; 00 – Static yield-point of the material structure/system ; [MPa]– Static yield-point of the material structure/system ; [MPa] ttrr – Time of delay of elastic deformation in the material – Time of delay of elastic deformation in the material

structure/system of asphalt mixtures; [s]structure/system of asphalt mixtures; [s] ttfrfr – Time interval of relaxation of mechanical stress in material – Time interval of relaxation of mechanical stress in material

structure/system of asphalt mixtures; [s]structure/system of asphalt mixtures; [s]



Effective Viscosity as Function Effective Viscosity as Function of Shearing Stressof Shearing Stress

0,048952; 0,076223

0,024476; 0,018608

0,018357; 0,0201311

0,0122238; 0,031876 0,042833;

0,0383164

0,036714; 0,030067

0,030595; 0,043722

0

0,01

0,02

0,03

0,04

0,05

0,06

0,07

0,08

0,09

0 0,01 0,02 0,03 0,04 0,05 0,06

Nyírófeszültség [MPa]

Eff

ektí

v v

iszko

zit

ás [

MP

a s

]



Static Yield-point of Asphalt Static Yield-point of Asphalt MixtureMixture

Up to 75 N-there is Up to 75 N-there is no deformationno deformation

= 0,009178 [MPa] Between 75 N-95 NBetween 75 N-95 N there is an elastic there is an elastic

deformationdeformation Over 95 N- there is a Over 95 N- there is a

residual deformation residual deformation in the examined in the examined asphalt mixtureasphalt mixture

= 0,010402 [MPa]



ConclusionConclusion

Using the new reo-tribometre we could Using the new reo-tribometre we could develop a new reological model for asphalt develop a new reological model for asphalt mixtures and determine the values of their mixtures and determine the values of their mechanical and reological characteristics and mechanical and reological characteristics and coefficients like E, coefficients like E, , , ......

The new reological model can be used The new reological model can be used by the engineers of road-building by the engineers of road-building industry in wide range in development industry in wide range in development of asphalt mixtures with different of asphalt mixtures with different microstructural and mechanical, microstructural and mechanical, reological properties.reological properties.



MANY THANKS FOR YOUR MANY THANKS FOR YOUR KIND ATTENTIONKIND ATTENTION

László A. GömzeLászló A. Gömze

Department of Ceramics and Silicate EngineeringDepartment of Ceramics and Silicate Engineering(University of Miskolc)(University of Miskolc)

[email protected]@uni-miskolc.huTel: +36-30-7462714 - Fax: +36-46-565103Tel: +36-30-7462714 - Fax: +36-46-565103

INVESTIGATION AND MODELING OF RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF CERAMICS AND SILICATE MATERIALS László A....

Documents

Transcript of INVESTIGATION AND MODELING OF RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF CERAMICS AND SILICATE MATERIALS László A....