INTRODUCTION VIDEO

BONES

TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE...

How many bones make up the Skeletal System?

BONES

What are they?

Each bone is a complex living organ that is made up of many cells, protein fibers, and minerals.

50% water and 50% solid matter

Each bone gives a point of attachment for the muscles so that they may serve as levers and make movements possible.

VERTEBRAE33 vertebrae that form the vertebral column

Surrounds and protects your spinal cord

By region:

Cervical (neck) - 7 vertebrae

Thoracic (chest) - 12 vertebrae

Lumbar (lower back) - 5 vertebrae

Sacrum - 5 vertebrae

Coccyx (tailbone) - 4 verterbrae

VERTEBRAE

VERTEBRAE

Each vertebra is named for the first letter of its region, and its position along the spine

Example:

Thoracic vertebrae: T1 - T12

RIBS AND STERNUM

A thin knife-shaped bone located along the midline of the anterior side of the thoracic region

The sternum connects to the ribs by thin bands of cartilage- costal cartilage

Your ribs surround and protect your heart, liver and lungs

RIBS AND STERNUM

12 pairs of ribs

Clavicle

Scapula

SKULL

A series of fused bones

Acts like a hard protective helmet for your brain

ARM

Humerus

Ulna

Radius

LEG

Femur

Patella

Tibia

Fibula

THE FOOT

Flexible structures of bones, joints, muscles and soft tissues that let us stand upright and perform daily activities

Divided into three sections...

THE FOOTForefoot:

5 phalanges, 5 metatarsals

Midfoot:

forms the arches of the feet

cuneiform, cuboid, navicular

Hindfoot:

forms the heel and ankle

talus, calcaneous

THE FOOT

THE HAND

Provide the body with support and flexibility to manipulate objects in many different ways

Each hand contains 27 bones

THE HAND

Wrist:

8 carpals

Palm:

5 metacarpals

Fingers:

5 phalanges

BONES

What disease is most associated with bones?

OSTEOPOROSIS

What is it?

Causes bones to become weak and brittle

Occurs when the creation of new bone doesn’t keep up with the removal of old bone

OSTEOPOROSISWhat causes it?

When there isn’t enough calcium in the bloodstream, the body attempts to pull calcium from the bones

This thins and weakens bones, which leads to breaks and fractures- frequently in the hip, wrist or spine

Most common in women and the elderly

OSTEOPOROSISAffects 10 million Americans- mostly women

Additionally, 18 million Americans already have low bone mass (osteopenia) which places them at high risk for developing osteoporosis

By the age of 20, the average young person has acquired roughly 98% of his/her skeletal mass

OSTEOPOROSIS

OSTEOPOROSIS

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LS_0fvI_uxY

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eyzwBMH7hws

HOW DO WE PREVENT IT?

Weight-bearing exercise

Tai chi, yoga, walking, dancing, strength training

A diet rich in calcium and vitamin D

Dark leafy greens, white beans, milk, enriched breads and grains, fatty fish

EAT YA’ VITAMIN D MATE