Introduction to the Vertebrate Skeleton
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Department of Geological Sciences | Indiana University (c) 2011, P. David Polly G404 Geobiology Water buffalo, Bubalus bubalis, skeleton in Naturhistoriska riksmuseet, Stockholm (photo by P. David Polly) Reading Benton Chapter 1 The Vertebrate Skeleton
Transcript of Introduction to the Vertebrate Skeleton
Department of Geological Sciences | Indiana University (c) 2011, P. David Polly
G404 Geobiology
Water buffalo, Bubalus bubalis, skeleton in Naturhistoriska riksmuseet, Stockholm (photo by P. David Polly)
Reading Benton Chapter 1
The Vertebrate Skeleton
Department of Geological Sciences | Indiana University (c) 2011, P. David Polly
G404 Geobiology
Bezuidenhout and Evans, 2005. Anatomy of the Woodchuck (Marmota monax), American Society of Mammalogists.
Region 1: cervicalIn mammals, cervical vertebrae are characterized by transverse foramen (canals for the vertebral artery)
First cervical (C1) is called the atlas. Vertical movement of the head happens between C1 and skull
Second cervical (C2) is called axis. Lateral movement of the head happens between C2 and C1
Department of Geological Sciences | Indiana University (c) 2011, P. David Polly
G404 Geobiology
Bezuidenhout and Evans, 2005. Anatomy of the Woodchuck (Marmota monax), American Society of Mammalogists.
Region 2: thoracic
Region 4: sacral
Region 3: lumbar
Department of Geological Sciences | Indiana University (c) 2011, P. David Polly
G404 Geobiology
Vertebrae of a mountain lion (Felis concolor)Mammalia, Carnivora, Felidae
Head Pelvis and tail
Department of Geological Sciences | Indiana University (c) 2011, P. David Polly
G404 Geobiology
(Wake, D. B. 1979. In Hyman’s Comparative Vertebrate Anatomy, Univ. Chicago)
Skeleton of a bullfrog (Rana catesbiana)Amphibia, Anura, Ranidae
Department of Geological Sciences | Indiana University (c) 2011, P. David Polly
G404 Geobiology
(Wake, D. B. 1979. In Hyman’s Comparative Vertebrate Anatomy, Univ. Chicago)
Skeleton of a pigeon (Columba livia)Aves, Columbiformes, Columbidae
Department of Geological Sciences | Indiana University (c) 2011, P. David Polly
G404 Geobiology
(Wake, D. B. 1979. In Hyman’s Comparative Vertebrate Anatomy, Univ. Chicago)
Skeleton of a sea turtle (Chelonia mydas)Reptilia, Chelonia, Cheloniidae
Department of Geological Sciences | Indiana University (c) 2011, P. David Polly
G404 Geobiology
Evans, 1993. Miller’s Anatomy of the Dog
Skeleton of a dog (Canis familiaris)Mammalia, Carnivora, Canidae
Department of Geological Sciences | Indiana University (c) 2011, P. David Polly
G404 Geobiology
Scientific papers for further readingEvans, H. E. 1993. Miller’s Anatomy of the Dog. W.B. Saunders Company: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Hanken, J. and B. K. Hall. 1993. The Skull: Volume 2: Patterns of Structural and Systematic Diversity. University of Chicago Press: Chicago, Illinois.
Romer, A. S. 1966. Vertebrate Paleontology. University of Chicago Press: Chicago, Illinois.
Romer, A. S. and T. S. Parsons. 1977. The Vertebrate Body. W.B. Saunders Company: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
ONLINE RESOURCES
Skull Anatomy Tutorial: http://www.gwc.maricopa.edu/class/bio201/skull/skulltt.htm
Skull bones: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nc5IRj3OJhE
Cranial anatomy of the dog: http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/topics/mammal_anatomy/index.html
Lab manual for mammalian skull anatomy (Hyman): http://books.google.com/books?id=qfoSAAAAYAAJ&lpg=PA116&ots=ZsVjj5RiYO&dq=mammalian%20skull%20anatomy&pg=PA116#v=onepage&q=mammalian%20skull%20anatomy&f=false
