Introduction to Mahatma Gandhi NREGA

State Institute of Panchayats & Rural Development

22 August 2013

SCOPE OF DISCUSSION

MGNREGA Basics

Programme Implementation

Transparency and accountability

Priorities

MGNREGA Basics

Rights and entitlements under the MGNREGA

• Guarantee for sustainable livelihood through employment generation – 100 days in a year– To adult members of a family taken together

• Conditions– Only to Job Card holders– Only on demand (for not less than 14 days at one go)– Unskilled manual work in schemes assigned– Must report for work once allocated

Rights and entitlements under the MGNREGA

• Employment with dignity– Shades at worksite– Drinking water facilities– First aid facilities– Crèche of 5 children accompanying mothers

reporting for work• Work within 15 days of demand• Wages within 15 days of work

Work on individual land

• Category-IV work (IBS) on land and property belonging to– BPL families– SC/ ST households– IAY/ LR beneficiaries– Marginal farmers– Small farmers

• Diversified work identified by the GoI

Major thrusts• Creation of durable assets

– Capable of increasing agricultural productivity– Sustaining environment– Capable of creating future employment potential without

NREGS support• Land development• Soil and moisture conservation• Creation / augmentation of water sources• Afforestation including horticulture• Household sanitation facilities• Assets capable of generating income for the households

Authorities• Gram Sabha/ Gram Sansad• Gram Panchayats/ Pradhans• Panchayat Samity• Programme Officer• Zilla Parishad• District Programme Coordinator• State Government• State Employment Guarantee Council• Central Government• National Employment Guarantee Council

Processes• Job Card registration• Planning and Labour Budget• Demand generation• Work allocation• Worksite facilities• Work supervision, attendance and

measurement• Payment of wages• MIS entry

Programme Implementation

Labour Budget and Planning• Identification of and consultation with active

job seekers• Consultation with SHGs• Assessment of work demand and seasonality• Identification of works to meet the demand• Wider consultation in the Gram Sansad • Preparation of shelf of projects• Technical, financial and administrative

approval

Demand Generation • No work without demand from Job Card

holders– Utilize alternative agencies and institutions for

capturing demand• Common Service Centres (CSC)• SHG Federations

– Initiate massive IEC campaign to inform people of their rights and entitlements, especially the work on demand aspect

– Ensure work allocation within 15 days of receiving demand

Supervision of Work• Appointing Supervisors• Using Gram Rojgar Sahayaks (GRS)• Nirman Sahayaks and Skilled Technical Persons• Attendance through e-Muster rolls• Measurement by the GRS/ NS• Strict technical supervision • Wages allowed only against measurement• Maximum wage equivalent to a day’s wage

(Rs 151.00)

Payment mechanism• Online payment through Bank/ Post Office

accounts• Account information to be frozen after

corroborating with Job Cards and account details

• Fund Transfer Orders cum wage slips to be generated online (concept of maker and checker)

Transparency and Accountability

Social Audit

• State Directorate of Transparency, Accountability and People’s Participation

• District/ Block Nodal Officers• Social Audit Coordinators• Social Audit Teams• Capacity Building• Conducting Social Audit• Monitoring and Supervision

Other Transparency Measures

• Wall writing at GP/ Block Offices• Information Board at worksites• Messages on rights and entitlement at

different places having congregation of workers

• Grievance redressal mechanism• Institution of Ombudsman

Performance review and priorities

Data as on 19 August 2013

Review of present status: Physical

SL DISTRICTLB PROJECTED

PPACHIEVED PP

% OF LB ACHIEVED

1 COOCHBEHAR 1060000 889338 83.92 MALDAH 1668900 1048047 62.83 BURDWAN 11633500 6399292 554 PURBA MEDINIPUR 4146009 (?) 2091810 50.455 NORTH 24 PARGANAS 3652800 1631140 44.656 BIRBHUM 6495400 2503012 38.547 SILIGURI MP 376000 141295 37.588 HOOGHLY 4224100 1502511 35.579 PASCHIM MEDINIPUR 5920900 1911693 32.29

10 JALPAIGURI 860400 242472 28.1811 HOWRAH 1767700 475553 26.912 SOUTH 24 PARAGANS 3064600 594119 19.3913 DAKSHIN DINAJPUR 2274600 368964 16.2214 NADIA 4650300 746992 16.0615 UTTAR DINAJPUR 1953900 156325 8.016 BANKURA 3732300 237397 6.3617 MURSHIDABAD 5854100 322490 5.5118 GTA 1504300 62003 4.1219 PURULIA 2964000 72099 2.43

Total 67803809 21396600 31.56

Issues associated with physical performance

• Generation of person-days– Startlingly low performance in the current year as

yet• Only 31.6 percent of the Labour Budget projections as

of date could be achieved• Situation is precariously low in Purulia (2.4%), GTA

(4.1%), Murshidabad (5.5%), Bankura (6.4%) and Uttar Dinajpur (8%) districts

• Performance in relation to Labour Budget projections is very good in Coochbehar (83.9%), good in Malda (62.8%), Burdwan (55%) and Purba Medinipur (50.5%) districts

MIS Review report - Financial Statement (FY 2013-14)

State:WEST BENGAL   Monday, August 19, 2013 (Rs. in Lakhs)

S. No District* Total Availabilty Reported expenditure %age Utilization Balance

1 24 PARAGANS S 9785.88 3810.5 38.94 5975.382 BANKURA 12608.34 6849.07 54.32 5759.273 BIRBHUM 17369.54 11368.52 65.45 6001.024 DINAJPUR DAKSHIN 3021.98 1636.6 54.16 1385.385 DINAJPUR UTTAR 2639.78 654.26 24.78 1985.526 JALPAIGURI 14112.73 7726.52 54.75 6386.217 MALDAH 5223.65 3647.53 69.83 1576.128 MEDINIPUR WEST 16930.84 10731.6 63.38 6199.249 MURSHIDABAD 7379.26 3819.55 51.76 3559.71

10 PURULIA 7521.55 4022.85 53.48 3498.711 24 PARGANAS N 13860.46 8065.83 58.19 5794.6312 BURDWAN 22941.7 16713.45 72.85 6228.2513 COOCHBEHAR 3104.87 2029.68 65.37 1075.1914 HOOGHLY 13381 7761.13 58.00 5619.8715 NADIA 7906.35 5570.2 70.45 2336.1516 PURBA MEDINIPUR 15422.19 9893.12 64.15 5529.0717 SILIGURI MP 1046.65 352.8 33.71 693.8518 Darjeeling 10164 4698.78 46.23 5465.2219 HOWRAH 2383.87 863.87 36.24 1520

District Total 186804.64 110215.86 59.00 76588.78State Fund 56493.91 28.76 State Total 243298.55 110244.63 45.31 133053.92

Issues associated with Financial Performance

• Financial Performance– Only 45.31 percent of the total available fund could be utilized

as yet (Rs.1102.45 crore out of Rs.2590.91 crore)– Received Rs. 2214.38 crore from the GoI and Rs. 156.20 crore

from the State Government– Burdwan reported highest expenditure, both in absolute

number (167.713crore) and in terms of percentage utilization (72.85%)

– Apart from Burdwan, Nadia ,Birbhum, Malda, Paschim Medinipur, Purba Medinipur and Coochbehar reported >60% expenditure

– Out of total expenditure of Rs. 1102.45 crore actually Rs. 678.94 crore was utilized to meet commitments of 2012-13

Programmatic Issues: LB• Low level of person-days achievement vis-à-vis

labour budget poses serious threat. If the situation cannot be reversed, there may be curtailment in the LB by the MoRD

• Districts must focus on strengthening demand generation mechanism. CSCs have been designated as agencies for online demand registration. The Centres should be used to full potential

• Other avenues for receiving and registration of demands like SHG Clusters may also be explored

Programmatic Issues: Women Participation

Sl. No. District Person-days Women Person-days % of Women

1 SILIGURI MP 139771 85176 60.9%4 PURBA MEDINIPUR 2084533 1077175 51.7%2 JALPAIGURI 241213 112891 46.8%3 GTA 60008 27517 45.9%5 BANKURA 234540 93922 40.0%7 HOOGHLY 1476777 587770 39.8%6 PURULIA 61036 23654 38.8%

8 PASCHIM MEDINIPUR 1886861 715379 37.9%

9 MALDAH 1024167 363056 35.4%11 BURDWAN 6372958 2185200 34.3%12 NADIA 710433 242896 34.2%15 UTTAR DINAJPUR 156325 53342 34.1%

10 NORTH 24 PARGANAS 1619860 527188 32.5%

13 DAKSHIN DINAJPUR 365227 101869 27.9%14 HOWRAH 475013 131131 27.6%16 BIRBHUM 2471793 675111 27.3%17 COOCHBEHAR 885193 241271 27.3%

18 SOUTH 24 PARAGANS 589933 146382 24.8%

19 MURSHIDABAD 320975 64170 20.0%Total 21176616 7455100 35.2%

Programmatic Issues: Women Participation

• Against the all-India average of 51% women participation in 2012-13, West Bengal reported only

• Murshidabad, South 24 Parganas, Coochbehar, Howrah, Birbhum, Dakshin Dinajpur are consistently reporting less than 30% women participation. If this continue we may stop sending fund to these districts

• The districts are to explore possibility of designating SHG Clusters as PIAs focusing on women-specific works

• Civil Society participation in planning and monitoring may be explored

• Districts must focus on strengthening demand generation mechanism. CSCs have been designated as agencies for online demand registration. The Centres should be used to full potential

• Other avenues for receiving and registration of demands like SHG Clusters may also be explored

Less than 15 days

Sl. No. DistrictHH

provided Emply

HH prv < 15 days

% <15 days prvd against

HH prvd1 DGHC / GTA 2519 1173 46.6%2 SOUTH 24 PARAGANS 28197 13417 47.6%3 NORTH 24 PARGANAS 84690 46451 54.8%4 PURBA MEDINIPUR 109373 60659 55.5%5 HOOGHLY 90883 51718 56.9%6 MALDAH 52238 30511 58.4%7 BANKURA 15335 9328 60.8%8 BURDWAN 417187 264531 63.4%9 HOWRAH 36096 23585 65.3%

10 NADIA 55463 39156 70.6%11 DAKSHIN DINAJPUR 27137 19399 71.5%12 BIRBHUM 187559 134249 71.6%13 PASCHIM MEDINIPUR 147010 106149 72.2%14 SILIGURI MP 11473 8598 74.9%15 UTTAR DINAJPUR 12451 9357 75.2%16 MURSHIDABAD 25529 19485 76.3%17 PURULIA 5560 4508 81.1%18 JALPAIGURI 17583 14421 82.0%19 COOCHBEHAR 74973 61562 82.1%

Total 1401256 918257 65.5%

Programmatic Issue: Wasteful engagement

• Despite repeated instructions, large chunk of Job Card holders are given work for less than 15 days. Current state average of less than 15 days is as high as 65.5% with Coochbehar, Jalpaiguri and Purulia going beyond 80%.

• Only GTA and South 24 Parganas are below 50%• Law stipulates demand and allocation for at least

14 days at one go. If this is not adhered to, we may receive flak from the GoI for violating provision of the Act

Programmatic Issue: e-FMS• The State is supposed to introduce e-FMS by

September 2013• Priority districts are the EBT ones

– Howrah and Coochbehar (by Sept 2013)• The State’s additional priority districts are

– Hooghly and North 24 Parganas (by Sept-13)• All other districts too are to work towards

introduction of e-FMS by October 2013

e-FMS continued

• Action required are– Verification of accounts information as in Job Card

and Financial Institutions and freezing of such information

– Shifting of accounts from non-CBS Banks to CBS Banks (no account in SKUS)

– Opening of accounts for individual workers– Procurement of Digital Signature Certificates– Training on e-FMS– Status is very low (only 2 lakh accounts info freezed,

mostly in N 24 Pgs and Hoghly)

Strategy for roll out

Locations

-GPs-Blocks-Line Deptts

Financial Institutions

- Banks on CBS- Post Offices- Cooperative

Banks

Nature of payments

- Wages- Material bills- Admin

Expenses

Programmatic Issues: Introduction of New Schemes and Convergence

• Although a number of new schemes have been introduced by the MoRD, the districts are hardly taking up such schemes

• Convergence with NBA is still a non-starter in most of the districts

• Convergence with other line Departments is also negligible

• Convergence with IWMP, NRLM should be given priority

• Can we reserve at least 20% of the fund for implementation of convergent schemes?

Programmatic Issue: Schemes benefitting individual households

• Category-IV work on land belonging to SC/ST/ IAY beneficiaries/ LR beneficiaries/ Marginal and Small Farmers is supposed to be priority activity

• No substantial progress on this reported by the districts

• MoRD has recently issued guidelines on habitation level planning to implement category-IV works. Emphasis should be given on this

Programmatic Issue: Audit

• Audit of accounts to be completed by 15 September 2013

• PIA (GP)-wise audit by CA Farms• While auditing of accounts of 2012-13, all

cases where work was undertaken in 12-13 and payment not made must be reflected as committed expenditure of that yar

Programmatic Issue: Social Audit

• Directorate of Transparency, Accountability and People’s Participation set up with the Commissioner, P&RD as the Director

• Districts are to designate on ADM, one Deputy Magistrate and the Joint BDOs as Nodal Officers at the District and Block levels for Social Audit

• SA teams are to be reconstituted• Training programmes to be organized in

consultation with the Directoraate

Programmatic Issue: IEC

• Detailed IEC plan shared with the districts• Districts are to develop their IEC Plans and

share with the State• Massive IEC drive is to be undertaken,

especially on demand generation and the rights of the Job Card holders; on grievance redressal mechanism

Works StatusS.No District

Total no of works

comp. In-prog. Approved Total % of Completed works

1 BIRBHUM 7607 5027 3187 15821 48.1%2 24 PARGANAS NORTH 35241 12028 54724 101993 34.6%3 PURULIA 3636 6670 1994 12300 29.6%4 PURBA MEDINIPUR 5932 19587 5824 31343 18.9%5 HOOGHLY 2882 7951 5301 16134 17.9%6 MURSHIDABAD 920 5138 2185 8243 11.2%7 SILIGURI MP 76 429 193 698 10.9%8 BANKURA 1528 11016 5493 18037 8.5%9 BURDWAN 1772 19224 5729 26725 6.6%

10 DINAJPUR UTTAR 102 1477 169 1748 5.8%11 MALDAH 550 7938 1480 9968 5.5%12 COOCHBEHAR 263 4698 833 5794 4.5%13 HOWRAH 61 1061 281 1403 4.3%14 24 PARAGANS SOUTH 1765 25072 32789 59626 3.0%15 NADIA 483 9880 6081 16444 2.9%16 MEDINIPUR WEST 1379 40634 8528 50541 2.7%17 JALPAIGURI 378 14703 2167 17248 2.2%18 DINAJPUR DAKSHIN 60 3961 999 5020 1.2%19 GTA 17 4220 171 4408 0.4%

Total 64652 200714 138128 403494 16.0%

Programmatic Issue: Data updating in the MIS

• Photographs of all Job Seekers must be uploaded on the MIS

• Photographs of worksites are to be uploaded on the portal

• Marking of BPL, IAY/ LR beneficiaries, Small Farmers and marginal Farmers on the portal is to be completed

• Work completion rate only 16% as yet. This has to be looked into

Programmatic Issue: Planning and Labour Budget

• Labour Budget for 2013-14 is to be prepared by 2 October 2013

• Use SRD for participatory planning exercise• Take support from professional organizations/

NGO for LB exercise• Intensive habitation level planning must be

emphasized• New Panchayats are to prepare plan for 5 year

period with SRD support

Learning continues….