Introduction to. lives in Sydney, Australia grew up hearing stories about Nazi Germany, the bombings...
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Transcript of Introduction to. lives in Sydney, Australia grew up hearing stories about Nazi Germany, the bombings...
The Book Thiefby Marcus Zusak
Introduction to
Marcus Zusak
• lives in Sydney, Australia• grew up hearing stories about Nazi Germany, the
bombings of Munich, and Jews beings marched through his mother’s small German town
• always wanted to tell these stories
Adolf Hitler
• born in Austria 1889• as a child, dreamed of being an artist / applied twice to the Vienna Academy of Art, but was
denied (headmaster of the school was Jewish)
• served 4 years in WWI and received 2 iron crosses for bravery
• injured / Germany surrendered with the Treaty of Versailles while he was recovering
continued…
felt German leaders stabbed their countrymen in the backs by surrendering;
therefore, entered politics became the leader of a small anti Jew party –
created a flag and changed the name to National Socialist German Worker’s Party (Nazi Party)
attempted to take over German government in 1923, but failed – sentenced to 5 years in prison – wrote Mien Kampf before his release in only 9 months
Mien Kampf – “My Struggle”
written to help recoup legal expenses from his trial and to express his ideology and goals for the future of Germany believed the Jewish race inferior and
thought they were trying to take over the world through Communism
believed German government was failing its people and planned to replace it with the Nazi Party and save Germany
Mien Kampf – cont.
in Volume 2, explained his propaganda campaign to
rebuild the German military explained his plan to create more “living
space” by, first, spreading the German Empire to the East and enslaving the inferior Slavic people and confiscating their resources for the more racially pure, German people▪ “the Aryan race – the perfect man”
Hitler – cont.
1933 – appointed chancellor and used this position to gain absolute
power over Germany when Germany’s president, Paul von Hindenburg, died in office in August 1934
1939 – attack Poland, causing WWII 1945 – married his long-time
mistress, Eva Braun / committed suicide together one day later
Nazi Germany
1919 – party was established 1921 – Hitler took over control of
party 1933 – Hitler was appointed German
chancellor and Nazi gov’t took over all other political parties were banned Dachau – first concentration camp
opened▪ first housed political prisoners▪ Evolved into death camp for Jews, artists,
intellectuals, Gypsies, and the handicapped
Holocaust – “sacrifice by fire”
1939-1945
“The Final Solution” – a genocidal decree against the Jews gave the Nazi’s their “legal” basis for everything that occurred
involved 6 million Jews (2/3 of the Jewish population)
Holocaust – cont.
more than 11 million people total were murdered Jews were evicted from their homes and sent to
ghettos shipped to concentration camps separated from husband/wife/children those able to work, did so under horrible conditions those unable to work were gased (shower) which
could asphyxiate 2,000 people in 20 minutes▪ this method killed approximately 4 million women and
children in Auschwitz alone
Hitler Youth
“The weak must be chiseled away. I want young men and women who can suffer pain. A young German must be as swift as a greyhound, as tough as leather, and as hard as Krupp’s steel” – Hitler, Mien Kampf
created in 1920s by 1936, became all but compulsory to
join (could pay a fee to avoid, in 1939 it was made mandatory)
Hitler Youth – cont.
“He alone who owns the youth gains the future.”
– Hitler 10-18 year olds
boys were prepared for military▪ marching, bayonet drill, grenade throwing, trench
digging, map reading, gas defense, use of dugouts, getting under barbed wire fence, pistol shooting
girls were prepared for motherhood▪ had to run 60 meters in 14 seconds, throw a ball 12
meters, complete a 2 hour march, swim 100 meters, and know how to make a bed
Effects of WWII
Germany was devastated high loss of life destroyed financially disgraced due to the atrocities,
especially the Holocaust not unified again until 1990
Total deaths: 7,393,000
Jesse Owens
James Cleveland Owens “The Buckeye Bullet” African American Ohio State University won 4 gold medals at the 1936
Olympics in Berlin, which helped defeat Hitler’s belief that the Games would help him promote his idea of the perfect Aryan race