Introducing Pragmatics
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Transcript of Introducing Pragmatics
PRAGMATICSDefinitions and Background
By: Siti Amalia
Pragmatics is concerned within 4 areas :
1. It’s a study of speaker’s meaning2. It’s a study of contextual meaning3. It’s a study of how more gets communicated
than is said4. It’s a study of the expression of relative
distance
It’s a study of speaker’s meaning
Communicated by a speaker/writer
Interpreted by a listener
the analysis of meaning by their utterances
U know what? You’re beautiful
It’s a study of contextual meaning
How the context influences what is said
Consider:Who we’re
talking to, where, when and under
what circumstances
It’s a study of how more gets communicated than is said
How the listener recognized the invisible meaning (the untold ones)
Listener makes inferences of what speaker said
E.g: satire expressionidiom expression
It’s a study of the expression of relative distance
the choice between the said and the unsaid
CLOSENESSPhysical, social, conceptual
DISTANCEHow
close/distant the listener is, speakers
determine how much needs to
be saidImplies shared
experiences
Syntax, Semantics & Pragmatics
Syntax, Semantics & Pragmatics
Syntax
Semantics
How the linguistic forms are arranged in sequence, doesn’t
consider references, user of the formsRelationship between linguistic
forms and entities in the world.
How words literally connect to things
Verbal descriptions & states of affair
Regardless who produces that descriptions
Pragmatics Relationship between linguistic forms and users of those forms. Pragmatics is allowing human
into the analysis
Studying Language via Pragmatics
The advantages :We are able to learn
people’s intended meanings, their assumptions, their purposes, goals, and the kinds of actions
E.g : requesting, commanding
The disadvantages:
It is very human concepts, so it’s difficult to analyze in a consistent and objective way
Regularity
• People tend to behave in an appropriate well within a familiar social group. On the other hand, they will become hesitate in a strange place. Kaifa
haluki?Hmm…
Alhamdulillah
??!!
• Most people within a linguistic community have similar basic experiences of the world and share a lot of non-linguistic knowledge.
I want to buy a matic
motorcyle, so It will be easy for me to ride
on
Pragmatics WastebasketA beautiful cow is talking to a girl
and approach her immediately.
THANK YOU