Section 3-The Gilded Age Click the Speaker button to listen to the audio again.
Intro 1 Click the Speaker button to listen to the audio again.
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Transcript of Intro 1 Click the Speaker button to listen to the audio again.
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Click the Speaker button to listen to the audio again.
Click the Speaker button to listen to the audio again.
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• New sources of energy and consumer products transformed the standard of living for all social classes in many European countries.
The Growth of Industrial Prosperity
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The Second Industrial Revolution
• Steel, chemicals, electricity, and oil were the new industrial frontiers.
(pages 615–618)(pages 615–618)
• steel replaced iron.
• lighter, smaller, and faster machines, engines, railroads
• Great Britain, France, Belgium, and Germany were producing 32 million tons of steel a year.
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The Second Industrial Revolution• electricity – new form of energy that was
convertible into heat, light, or motion.
• By 1910 hydroelectric power stations and coal-fired steam generating plants allowed houses and factories to have a single, common power source.
(pages 615–618)(pages 615–618)
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The Second Industrial Revolution• Electricity completely changed life in the
19th century world• streetcars and subways powered by
electricity
• With electric lights factories never had to stop production.
(pages 615–618)(pages 615–618)
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The Second Industrial Revolution• Electricity gave
birth to many inventions, such as the light bulb invented by Thomas Edison in the United States and Joseph Swan in Great Britain.
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The Second Industrial Revolution• Alexander Graham Bell invented the
telephone (1876)
Bell’s First Telephone
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The Second Industrial Revolution• … and Guglielmo Marconi sent the first
radio waves across the Atlantic (1901).
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The Second Industrial Revolution
• internal-combustion engine new power source for transportation and new kinds of transportation: ocean liners, airplanes, and the automobile.
(pages 615–618)(pages 615–618)
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The Second Industrial Revolution• Increased sales of manufactured goods
caused industrial production to grow.
• Wages increased after 1870.
• Reduced transportation costs caused prices to fall.
• Urban department stores put many consumer goods up for sale.
(pages 615–618)(pages 615–618)
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The Second Industrial Revolution
• Some European countries did not benefit from the Second Industrial Revolution.
• Spain, Portugal, Russia, Austria-Hungary, the Balkans, and southern Italy were agricultural and much less wealthy.
• They provided the industrialized nations with food and raw materials.
(pages 615–618)(pages 615–618)