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Overview

In 2011, the Horn of Africa Regional Environment Centre and Network (HoA-REC&N), based at Addis Ababa Univer-sity, was awarded a European Commission ACP-EU Energy Facility Grant of the 10th European Development Fund for the project entitled ‘An Integrated Approach to Meet the Rural Household Energy Needs of Ethiopia’.

This project, under the Sustainable Energy programme at HoA-REC&N, aims to contribute to economic prosperity, social well-being, environmental sustainability and cli-mate change issues (and to thereby contribute to the at-tainment of its Millennium Development Goals) through creating access to sustainable energy in the rural and peri-urban areas of Ethiopia.

Objectives

To increase access to appropriate Renewable En-• ergies (REs) and Energy Efficiency Technologies (EETs) in the targeted areas

To enhance the capacity of the community and • RET enterprises

Activities And Achievements

The project outputs include the establishment of 20 RE technology centres with 20 Small and Micro Enterprises (SME’s) operating and equipped with sufficient technical and business management skills. The project targets a to-tal of 10,000 households - about 60,000 people in total. In addition, it will yield employment opportunities for over 250 people for the next four years, the duration of the project.

The target areas for this project are the following six dis-tricts (woredas):

Kolatembien in Tigray•

Bati in Amhara•

Boset, Fedis, Arsi Negelle and Ada’a in Oromiya•

More specifically, sub-districts (kebeles) with no current connection to the national electricity grid have been se-lected.

The 6 primary RE technologies utilized are fuel saving stoves, solar lanterns, solar home systems, solar cookits, biogas digesters and plant oil cookers.

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The expected results of this project are:

Reduced household fuel use, contributing to • cleaner living situations and gender equality

Reduced deforestation in the target areas•

Reduced carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions per • household

Improved economical flexibility and educational • opportunities

Improved employment opportunities•

Increase the capacities of local communities pro-• duce clean energy

PrOject setuP And executiOn

This EU Energy Facility project will take a total of four years to complete. During this time, 20 RE technology centres will be constructed, three or four in each woreda. Each

centre will act as a Small and Micro Enterprise with the responsibility of managing cen-tre operations, as well as promoting and distributing the products in accordance with a business model approach.

technOlOgies And effect

The primary technologies chosen for this project are:

Fuel Saving Stoves (FSS)In Ethiopia, more than 80% of household energy is used for cooking and by using FSS instead of traditional open fires, fuel is burnt much more efficiently and significantly less fire wood is needed.

Solar Lanterns Solar lanterns will provide an alternative to kerosene lamps, introducing brighter, sustainable light in the eve-ning which is especially important for students wishing to study.

Solar CookitsSolar cookits will provide an environmentally friendly al-ternative to cooking on wood, or other natural resources, by using solar energy.

Solar Home Systems The more advanced Solar Home System can be fitted to individual houses to power electronic equipment, such as a radio or a mobile phone, thus increasing access to infor-mation.

Plant oil cookersPlant oil cookers will use oil produced from locally avail-

able non-edible feed stocks, such as Jatropha plants and caster seeds. The use of these sustainable plant fuels holds benefits for the environment and offers income generat-ing opportunities for households selling the seeds.

Biogas technologyIn selected regions, biogas technology, including, cooking equipment and lamps, will be made available.

These technologies will reduce the time and effort re-quired for fuel collection by at least 90%, and decrease exposure to indoor air pollutants by 80%. These measures are also expected to have the following main benefits:

Reduce time and effort spent on fuel collection, • lessening the risk of accidents and abuse of wom-en and children during this practice

Reduce exposure to indoor air pollutants, improv-• ing human health particularly in terms of limiting child mortality and bettering maternal health

Reduce the pressure on forests and enable crop • residues and manure to be used as natural fertil-izers, as opposed to fuel

Increase learning and information opportunities • for households due to better lighting using solar energy and increase the available time for produc-tive and social application of time for women

Reduce CO2 emissions from kerosene and non-• renewable biomass

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Mesfin Kinfu TeferiEU Energy Project [email protected]+251 (0) 118 951992

Project Partners

Project Associates

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Overview

Under the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) of the Kyoto Protocol, HoA-REC&N in collaboration with the Addis Ababa City Administration (AACA) and United Na-tions Development Programme (UNDP) has undertaken a project since 2009 to sanitarily close Repi landfill site. The project, under the Sustainable Energy programme at HoA-REC&N, aims to remove the harmful landfill gas produced (LFG), remediate the site, and invest the proceeds from the sale of carbon credits generated through the scheme, into the local community.

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Repi landfill is a 36 ha municipal landfill site on the out-skirts of Addis Ababa. For 40 years the land has been an open dumping ground for the city’s solid waste, receiv-ing 900 tons a day as of 2011 and none of it received any treatment or processing. Until recently, the area had been a serious environmental hazard, most notably as a result of the LFG, toxic fumes and leachates discharged into the local area causing dangerous pollution, a foul odour and risks to human health.

When Repi was first built, it was far away from the citizens of Addis Ababa, but as the city has swelled over the years, the site is now in close proximity to growing residential and socio-economic activity centres, including a school. Human diseases from Repi’s pollutants were common - students at the school suffered from methane gas induced nausea and expectant unborn babies were at risk of birth defects, whilst the odour was a major problem for those living and passing through the area.

The site was in need of a radical transformation to protect human health, but it also offered an opportunity to use the LFG in a way that brings additional benefits the local communities. Following the acceptance of the CDM Proj-ect Idea Note (PIN), a pump test was conducted in order for the project to qualify as a land fill methane capturing and flaring CDM project. The proceeds from the saleable carbon credits generated would bring economic benefits to the local community.

“The Repi landfill gas project in Addis Ababa demonstrates that carbon finance has the potential to achieve triple wins

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for sustainable development. The project demonstrates a combination of economic benefits, social benefits and en-vironmental benefits.” John O’Brien, UNDP Regional Tech-nical Advisor on Climate Change Mitigation

Activities

Main project activities on the ground

Installation of LFG collection system•

Installation of LFG flaring systems•

Operation, maintenance, and monitoring of the • project activity

Creation of a long-term employment strategy for • the population of waste scavengers

In 2012 closure of Repi commenced. Currently two-thirds have been sanitarily enclosed and installation of the gas extraction infrastructure is underway. HoA-REC&N and the City Administration’s sophisticated degassing system

will also accurately monitor the amount of greenhouse gas emissions that are avoided by collecting the methane originating from the landfill’s decaying organic and de-stroying it by flaring.

HoA-REC&N has planned the successive stages of the project and established close relationships between the City Administration of Addis Ababa (CAAA) and UNDP, who will recruit the prospective CDM financiers and spon-sors. In accordance with CDM application procedure, the required Project Design Document (PDD) has been com-pleted and it is now at the project registration stage. Once fully qualified, the project will create a stream of revenue for the City Administration for the next ten years by gener-ating saleable Certified Emission Reduction (CER) credits. The project will also be registered under the Gold Stan-dard Foundation, creating a premium price for the carbon credits and ensuring socio-economic sustainability for all stakeholders involved, including residents and the infor-mal recycling sector.

imPActs

Environmental ImpactsThe project will improve the sanitary situation in the local area by remediating the site, preventing the odour pro-duced from the landfill, and reducing flies and pest. Landfill gas is largely made up of CO2 and methane, a particularly powerful greenhouse gas. By destroying methane emitted by the landfill through flaring, this project will also reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and by utilizing the gas to pro-duce electricity, it replaces fossil fuel-fired electricity.

Socio-Economic ImpactsReducing health hazards to the population living in the area is the most important objective of the project. The human health impacts of Repi will be mitigat-ed by sanitarily closing the land-fill. By registering the project to receive carbon credits under the CDM, the local community can benefit from the proceeds of climate financing which the City Administration has commit-ted to reinvesting to help create livelihood opportunities. Plans for the area are to turn it into a public park and HoA-REC&N and its partners have taken into consideration the 200 plus peo-ple who make their living scav-enging for recyclables.

Technological ImpactsThe project employs clean technology and environmental management for the landfill site. It will be the first of its kind in Ethiopia in terms of the proper closure and post-closure management of landfill sites, collection and treat-ment of leachate, and capture of gas.

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Fitsumbrhan Tsegaye BeyeneSustainable Energy Programme [email protected]+251 (0) 118 951992

Capturing methene gas by HoA-REC&N energy staff Flaring methene gas

“The Repi landfill gas project in Addis Ababa dem-onstrates that carbon finance has the potential to achieve triple wins for sustainable development. The project demonstrates a combination of economic ben-efits, social benefits and environmental benefits.”

John O’Brien, UNDP Regional Technical Advisor on Climate Change Mitigation

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Overview

Biomass briquettes - a block of combustible fuel made from recycled waste products such as coffee husks – of-fer a clean and affordable source of energy to thousands across the Horn of Africa. But without local production, people have been unable to take advantage of the socio-economic and environmental benefits briquettes offer. An initiative lead by the Sustainable Energy programme at the Horn of Africa Regional Environment Centre and Net-work (HoA-REC&N) aims to change that.

With a grant from the World Bank sponsored by Denmark, HoA-REC&N has resurrected a briquette-making machine that had previously been sitting idle for 20 years and cre-ated a briquette manufacturing plant in Ethiopia.

Once finished, the plant will have a manufacturing capac-ity of 1.5 tonnes of material per hour, and the yearly ca-pacity will range from 1,800 to 5,400 tonnes per year. The project will distribute briquettes in Dilla and its surround-ings, as well as in deforestation prone zones and fuel scarce areas like Arsi-Negelle in the Central Rift Valley.

History of the project

On 15 October, 1985, the Government of Ethiopia (GOE) signed a cooperation agreement with the World Bank

(IDA) to implement the ENERGY I project, and a briquet-ting project was one of eight sub-component projects consisting of:

The Wonji-Shoa Bagasse briquetting plant which • was implemented with the collaboration of MME and the Ministry of Industry- the then Sugar Cor-poration

The Amibara cotton stalks briquetting plant•

The Deksis wheat straw briquetting plant. •

The Addis Ababa coffee parchment briquetting • plant

The Dilla coffee husk briquetting plant•

Financing

The financing for the entire briquetting project was pro-vided by the Danish Government as grant aid to the GOE, a sum of 5.3 million SDR (Special Drawing Rights). The fund was channelled through the Danish aid agency, DANIDA, and the World Bank administered the grant, on behalf of the Danish Government.

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Installation of the plantsThere were some issues experienced with installation of the plants. Two of the plants, i.e. Amibara and Deksis bri-quetting plants were completed and became operational around the end of 1988, however ceased working after a few months due to marketing issues. Wonji-Shoa and the Addis Ababa plants, although installed, were not put into operation and Dilla briquetting plant was not installed at all, although the construction for the plant was complet-ed and all the machinery and accessory equipment deliv-ered.

Dilla briquette plant has changed hands over the course of the last 20 years and always remained idle until July 2011.

The emergence of the Dilla Coffee Husk Briquette Project In July 2010, the Horn of Africa Regional Environment Centre and Network (HoA-REC&N) learnt about the exis-tence of the Dilla briquette plant, discussions began with the Gedeo Development Association (GDA) officials, and a year later, a project to restore the plant started. Installation of the Dilla plant – the project begins

The installation of the plant started in July 2011 • and was completed on the 30 August 2012

Installation time was extended due to lack of a • transformer

The installation included both mechanical and • electrical elements which were performed by local (HoA-REC own) technicians

The inaugural ceremony took place on 15 Septem-• ber 2012, when it became fully operational

Project area: SNNPRS, Gedeo Administration Zone Dilla City, 361 km South of Addis Ababa.

Partners for the project: Gedeo Administration Zone and Gedeo Development Association. HoA-REC was the proj-ect developer and financer.

Beneficiaries: The direct project beneficiaries are the members of the Gedeo Development Association - the money generated from the project is used by the Associa-tion for infrastructure development for the benefit of the community including schools, a health post, clean drink-ing water, roads etc.

imPActs Environmental impacts

Waste materials are used to produce useable fuel, • and the efficient use of resources is promoted

Greenhouse gas emissions (CH4) produced from • from the decay of the organic materials used for the briquettes, are avoided

Deforestation is reduced as briquettes offer a sub-• stitute for fuel wood and charcoal

Quality of both surface and ground water is • improved by reducing land erosion through de-creased deforestation practices

By replacing polluting fossil fuels, environmental • quality is improved and the impacts of climate change are reduced

Socio- Economic impactsJob opportunities are created through plant instal-• lation, operation and maintenance

Fuel security is improved, thus increasing social se-• curity and the welfare of the local community

The burden of collecting fuel for both women and • children is reduced

The health of women and children are improved • by reducing fuel collection and improving cooking practices by using cleaner fuel, as opposed to pol-luting fuels such as charcoal.

Income is generated for the community from the • collection and sale of coffee husks

The currency of fossil fuels such as kerosene is re-• duced

The industry created from the manufacture of bri-• quettes contributes to the growth of the country’s GDP

Generates hard currency from carbon financing • e.g. as a Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) project, it can generate saleable credits

Financial impacts

As the plant was idle for about 20 years, there was • zero capital cost. The only cost incurred was for the installation.

The feedstock is agro-waste, incurring zero, or • minimum, costs.

The Dilla briquette plant is a true success story. After 20 years unused, it is now running smoothly, managed by a team of local technicians trained by HoA-REC. It’s produc-ing high quality briquettes to substitute fuel wood in the project area and in doing so brings about great benefits to the local community, Ethiopia as a whole, and the en-vironment.

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Overview

Areke is a drinkable liquor produced in Ethiopia and sold at market in colourful jugs and transported across Ethio-pia, as well as to neighbouring Kenya and Djibouti. But the process of burning fuel wood inside homes to manu-facture the liquid, is detrimental to both the environment and human health. The Sustainable Energy programme at the Horn of Africa Regional Environmental Centre and Network (HoA-REC&N) is currently undertaking a pilot project to test the effectiveness of using briquette burning stoves instead of traditional systems, which will reduce consumption of fuel wood and the associated environ-mental impacts, as well as help protect human health.

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Human health caseThe inside of a typical Areke production house is thick with black smoke as pea-green yeast burns and transforms into alcohol. Arsi Negelle woreda in the Oromia Region of Ethiopia is host to thousands of such houses. These fami-lies depend on Areke generated income but for the young women who produce the Areke, the working conditions often cause severe health hazards including chronic respi-ratory diseases and eye problems.

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Environmental caseFuel wood consumption for Areke production is high and responsible for increasing levels of deforestation in the surrounding area. Recent research findings reveal that around 3,500 households in Arsi Negelle produce Areke. Households each produce 150 litres of Areke in six work-ing days on average, consuming a minimum of 450 kg of fuel wood and it is estimated that 3 kg of fuel wood is used to produce 1 litre of Areke.

The high demand for fuel wood has stripped even protect-ed forests of trees and is rapidly escalating deforestation. At the same time, due to dwindling supply, prices have crept up at the four local wood markets.

“Currently, the demand for fuel wood for Areke is high,” said Mr. Kemal Kedina, an energy expert at Arsi Nature Conservation and Environment Development As-sociation (ANCEDA), a local Non-Governmental Organiza-tion (NGO). “At night, some suppliers cut wood from the protected forest to distribute to their customers” he added.

Objectives

The main objective of the project is to test the effective-ness of using briquette burning stoves to produce Areke instead of traditional systems.

Activities And Achievements Wishing to protect the surrounding environment, ANCEDA brought the issue to HoA-REC&N. Consequently, as part of its Demand Driven Action Research (DDAR) Programme, HoA-REC&N sponsored 4 MSc researchers to consider scientific and sustainable solutions to this problem. It has also instigated a project to supply briquette stoves and briquette fuel to producers as an alternative energy sys-tem for the production of Areke.

HoA-REC&N is working with ANCEDA to pilot the Areke briquette stoves in Arsi Negelle. Briquette stoves run on

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Areke production

briquettes, a block of fuel made of compressed agricultur-al waste materials such as coffee husks and saw dust. The stoves for the project have been designed and developed at HoA-REC&N by Mr. Eyobel G/Senbet, Energy Project Of-ficer on the Sustainable Energy programme team. This al-ternative fuel emits no smoke when burned and produces a more even heat, which is highly beneficial to Areke pro-duction because, in traditional production, women must constantly adjust the fire to ensure that heat is evenly dis-tributed.

The pilot will test whether using briquettes to manufac-ture Areke, a cleaner and more sustainable fuel, will not only protect and conserves the forest but also improve the health of workers.

Traditional Areke production

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Overview

The Horn of Africa Regional Environmental Center/Net-work (HoA-REC&N) and The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI), India partnered in May 2012 to jointly implement a Clean Energy Access Program in Ethiopia with funding support from the Department for International Develop-ment (DFID), United Kingdom. This project is aimed at creating a sustainable market based clean energy project to provide rural households with affordable clean solar lighting and cooking. The project will deploy 30,000 new range of improved cook stoves and solar lighting solutions alongside other stoves that achieve the projects thermal efficiency and emission standards.

imPlementAtiOn And OutcOmes

The study sites chosen for this project are in Arsi • Negelle and Adami Tulu Jido Kombolcha districts. After carrying out comprehensive stakeholder mapping, partners will be engaged for specific roles such as awareness generation, stove testing and customization, entrepreneurship develop-ment, stove manufacturing, repair and mainte-nance.

The project will attempt to jointly collaborate • with manufacturers of stove models (which meet minimum standards during laboratory testing and user trials) for further customization based on user trials and expert inputs. TERI/HoA-REC&N

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dards for clean and improved cookstoves and solar light-ing products.

The TDF focused on the current status; the need for qual-ity standards and performance benchmarks and ways of improving the quality control checks of solar lighting tech-nologies and improved cook stove systems (ICS) on the Ethiopian market.

will work with local research partners to develop a similar customized model if neces-sary through multiple stage user trials.

Based on the market poten-• tials of the selected stove models, local entrepreneurs will be identified and trained. The entrepreneur will play a critical role as the ‘last mile’ change agent who has the primary responsibility of stove sales and after sales repair and maintenance. The entrepreneur will be linked to stove users (customers) and stove promoters (manufacturer, project implementers), which is relevant for the scaling up of the project.

The dissemination programme will be initiated • with significant financial support for the technol-ogy options, and over the period of two years the support will be gradually reduced with simultane-ous development of viable delivery models.

The entrepreneurs and partner organizations will • be actively involved in the awareness campaigns about this initiative and cook stove models. The approach for organizing the awareness program will take into consideration local cooking practices and gender imbalances.

In line with HoA-REC&N/TERI efforts to implement this project, it was noted in discussions with various stake-holders on the need for national standards for clean and improved cookstoves and solar lighting products. In re-sponse to this policy gap HoA-REC&N/TERI hosted the first of a kind Technology Discussion Forum (TDF) on qual-ity standards and performance benchmarks for improved cookstoves and solar lighting home systems in Ethiopia.

This one day TDF congregated relevant stakeholders such as the Ministry of Water & Energy, Ethiopian Conformity Assessment Enterprise, GIZ-ECO, Ethiopian Solar Energy Society Companies, Cook Stove Fabricators, NGOs and consultants in the Ethiopian energy sector.

This TDF was organized based on discussions with vari-ous stakeholders on the need for minimum national stan-

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Improved cookstove

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Overview

The cookstove component of the Carbon Neutral Cof-fee project at under the Sustainable Energy programme at the Horn of Africa Regional Environment Centre and Network (HoA-REC&N) is being implemented under the Sustainable Energy programme. It aims to distribute fuel efficient cook stoves to householders in the Gimbi area of Ethiopia to reduce the consumption of fuel wood and, in turn, limit deforestation and improve coffee crops. It will also bring economic benefits through the generation of climate financing.

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Deforestation is one of the major problems in coffee pro-ducing areas. Ethiopia’s finest coffee is grown under the shade of ancient trees, meaning the coffee cherries retain moisture until they are ready for harvesting. Therefore re-duced forest cover will produce a coffee crop that is lower yielding and of inferior quality. This problem is extensively

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observed in Gimbi, one of the coffee producing areas. Deforestation is severe and forest coverage in the West Welega Zone is being degraded at an alarming rate and the main driver of this deforestation is the high demand for fuel wood from local households. This has damaging implications for the extent and quality of the local coffee plantations.

Objectives

The Gimbi cook stove project aims to disseminate fuel saving stoves that are in accordance with carbon financing schemes in Gimbi and the surrounding areas. The main objective of this project is to enhance coffee productivity by promoting sustainable energy use for households and reducing deforestation resulting from the exploitation of fuel wood.


An important element of the project is the inclusive in-volvement of stakeholders. A stakeholder consultation meeting was held in collaboration with partners (Oromia Coffee Farmers Cooperative Union, Oromia Water, Mines and Energy Bureau, Inter-Church Organization for Devel-opment Cooperation (ICCO), MHF and fair trade carbon). Local communities, concerned administration bodies at different levels (local to national) were also involved in the consultation meeting.

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Traditional cookstove in Gimbi

The project started in early 2013 with the aim of shifting traditional three stone fire wood cooking to fuel saving stoves. It is also currently developing arrangements for climate financing to support the target beneficiaries and plans are to disseminate 30,000 fuel saving stoves in the target area.

benefits

The project has duel benefits. It not only reduces defor-estation and enhances coffee productivity but also gener-ates carbon finance which will bring economic benefits to the community.

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Overview

To address the energy needs of people in rural areas in Ethiopia, the Sustainable Energy programme at the Horn of Africa Regional Environment Centre and Network (HoA-REC&N), along with its partners, has initiated a project to make biogas more readily available to communities.

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Access to energy for cooking and lighting is a very real issue faced by rural populations in Ethiopia, and indeed across the Horn of Africa. Demand for fuel wood currently outstrips supply and its use can result in deforested wood-lands. Kerosene for lamps is not only expensive, but the

light emitted is hardly enough to see by meaning activi-ties after sundown are limited and students are unable to study in the evenings.

Biogas can provide a clean, easily controlled source of re-newable energy from organic waste materials, and it of-fers a potentially affordable means for rural householders to meet their energy needs. Whilst the Ethiopia National Biogas Program, implemented by SNV, Netherlands, is a system for rural areas to attain biogas for energy, many households do not meet the basic requirements of the Program and are unable to access it. Therefore the chal-lenge is how to facilitate a method for all communities to access biogas to improve rural livelihoods.

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HoA-REC&N and partners have therefore instigated a project to make biogas more readily available through an alternative dissemination concept. The project proposes the use of one central, technically more advanced biogas plant rather than many individual small-scale, low produc-tive digesters, and a means to easily transport the biogas by individuals via a specially designed backpack. It will allow rural residents to fully exploit the biogas available to the community as a whole and sell any additional gas for a profit. Not only that, it also trains women in how to produce and disseminate improved injera baking stoves in Guder area.

Objectives

General ObjectivesThe major objective of the project is to upscale the biogas backpack technology tested in Guder area with 35 house-holds and to establish one women group which consists of 5 people who will be trained to produce and disseminate improved injera baking stove in Guder area.

Specific ObjectivesAssess the feasibility of a commercialization of • biogas in rural areas by involving the private sec-tor with biogas production and sale

Evaluate the technology for biogas transport and • storage to gain the necessary practical experience and/or feedback before a larger scale production of the bags for a large scale dissemination, promo-tion and implementation of the approach

Sustain and create a market for mobile biogas • storage bags in order to establish a factory in the areas of implementation.

Disseminate improved cook stoves which maxi-• mizes the efficiency of the current stoves which are three stone-open

Improve women’s health by reducing indoor air • pollution levels in the kitchen and enhance their income by reducing expenditure for fuel

Direct Beneficiaries of the ProjectFemale association groups who are engaged in • stove fabrication

The direct beneficiaries of the pilot project are 35 • households of the Guder area who are residing near the installed biogas digester

Members of the woman stove producer group•


During the project planning stage, in order to gauge the extent of the energy struggles faced by rural household-ers and discuss biogas as a solution, household heads in the Abebech Gobena site in Guder were invited to

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a meeting. The meeting provided opportunities for local people to describe their energy needs and for the project team to give a practical demonstration of a biogas stove, biogas lamp and biogas mitad in combination with the biogas backpack.

With an understanding of this new technology, the com-munity together with the technical team developed an idea for building a common biogas plant to be run by a newly formed cooperative. From this plant the biogas could be distributed among villagers and additional gas could be sold at a profit. Furthermore, installation, opera-tion and maintenance are with the owner of the biogas business. Surrounding farmers can contribute to biogas production by selling substrate to the plant owner, and in return they can buy biogas and fertilizer.

Every household can participate so that all available sub-strate can be utilized. Thus, the potential for biogas in a certain area can be fully exploited. The sale of biogas is facilitated by easy fill-up of the biogas containers at the biogas plant through pressure equalization. It can be car-ried as a backpack in which the container weighs 3-4 kg and can easily be connected to the biogas appliances like a stove or lamp via a simple hose. The gas is forced out of the pack by weighting it down.

This technology was piloted in the Guder area and the project currently underway aims to upscale features of the project to reach a larger number of beneficiaries.

Expected OutcomesIncreased awareness on the use of the new biogas • technology around the Guder area

37 households using the new technology effec-• tively

A women stove producer group will be established • and capacitated with the necessary equipment which will enable them to produce and dissemi-nate improved cook stoves

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