Innovative geophysical technology for prognosing location ...

Commercial-In-Confidence© Adrok Ltd 2009 1

Gordon Stove

Co-Founder & Managing Director, Adrok Ltd

21st January 2010

Finding Petroleum Conference, London

Innovative geophysical technology for prognosinglocation of subsurface hydrocarbons before drilling

Spectrometric Mapping Solutions


Objectives• Introduce new geophysical technology

- Adrok® Scanner

• Present Case Studies as field proof

– Onshore, North Africa (new gas discovery)

• Adrok Energy Services to oil companies

• Summary


Introduction of the new geophysical technology for finding petroleum:

Adrok® Scanner


• Performs functions of seismic and of drilling and logging exploration wells

• Uses Electromagnetic (EM) energy - speed of light!

• EM techniques are already being used in oil & gas industry

• Adrok has now extended the technology to oil and gas exploration and are able to offer their services

Totally new technology that …


Data logging computer & Adrok Software

Receiving Control Unit

Bistatic1 Transmitter antenna1 Receiver antenna

Stabilized GimbalPlatform

Signal generator

Adrok® Scanner• What is it?

– New entrant in the subsurface imaging market for oil, gas and minerals E&A • What is its purpose?

– To help map, locate & identify oil, gas, water & minerals from the surface & therefore help reduce drilling dry holes

• What does it deliver? – Generates “Virtual Borehole” logs of subsurface geology from surface


Field Deployment


• Adrok Scanner Illuminates the ground by Transmitting & Receiving Invisible Lased Light beams of Electromagnetic energy– Pulsed – Coherent (over a narrow band of

frequencies)– Collimated (cylindrical shape) – Radiowaves, Microwaves– Resonant frequencies– Minimal beam dispersion

• Penetrates from ground surface to proven depths of up to 4km

• Typecasts of materials• In-house• In field

Subsurface Scanning Process

-1km

-40m

-4km

Tx

0m

Rx1 Rx2 Rx3

1m

2m

10m

30m


• Adrok Scanner measures:

– Dielectric Permittivity

– Basic facts of spectroscopy

– Resonant behaviours of atoms and molecules

Measurements


• Adrok has developed five complimentary sets of procedures for subsurface measurements of:

– Rock properties– Range– Resonance– Reflectivity– Recognition ..… the “5Rs”

“5R” Technical Process


Rock Properties

• Adrok Scanner measures the dielectric permittivity of rocks:– in the ground in situ – or in laboratory / core store

• From the dielectric measurements, we produce velocities, dielectric constants, and depth measurements from the surface and between subsurface layers.

• Moisture content of rocks • Hydrocarbon concentrations in rocks


• Accurate depth measurement – Subsurface responses are referenced to 3 time

stamped levels in z-depth plane 1. Transmitter datum from sensor aperture 2. Surface level datum3. Direct Wave datum (between Transmitter &

Receiver) for any given separation.– Nanosecond time range

• Interlayer Velocities of beam through media are related back to speed of light

• Deep penetration– Standing waves of energy sent into the ground – Minimal attenuation & dispersion

• Because beam is lased & operates over a limited range of frequencies

• Directional beam– Beam can be controlled to look obliquely through

ground

Range


Resonance• Beam sent into the ground is resonating (the signal rings in the ground), this has two effects:

1. It can help beam propagation (Ranging) 2. Resonance within layers of uniform dielectrics helps illuminate boundaries

Material #1

Material #2

Transmitted beam

travelling toward

material under observation

Reflected beam

travelling from material

to receiver

Reflections

Energy transfer through material

Energy at

vibrates at different

frequencies & phase angles

different resonances,


Reflectivity• Reflectivity measurements helps identify subsurface boundaries & one rock type from another • At dielectric boundaries in the ground, Reflectivity Coefficients are calculated from the

amplitude response of the beam• Different reflectivity responses for different rock types:

– Fine grained rocks give more reflectivity response than coarse grained rocks– Pure Mudstone is highly reflective, but Sandy Mudstone has absorption & reflection peaks

Sandy Mudstone Coal

RF=0.97RF=1.00 & 0.99

RF=0.48

RF=0.75


Recognition• Adrok Scanner is an imaging spectrometer• Reference databases of Adrok signatures

developed by Spectral Analysis (energy, frequency)

• Expert Systems developed to help classify material signatures by different statistical methods.


Dr G. Colin Stove - serial-inventor

•Among many other senior academic and government roles Dr Stove was part of the team within the Macaulay Institute that developed a unique machine-vision system (called MAPIPS and GEMS) for automated photogrammetric mapping & intelligent classification of terrain and subsurface stratigraphy from ground, aerial and satellite or spaceborne platforms.

•ESA, NASA & NATO Principal Investigator

•Inventor of scientific principles of Atomic Dielectric Resonance (ADR)

•ADR is patented and represents a carefully engineered advance of this work which has led to an acknowledged change to certain laws of physics.

•Exclusive licence to Adrok to commercialise ADR

+30 Years of Research!


• Dielectric Resonance physics is widely accepted in many civil engineering, pharmaceutical, astrophysical market applications, e.g., used by:

– Agilent Technologies,– MIT– NASA– Imperial College, London– De Montfort University – Material Sensing & Instrumentation Inc

• EM techniques are widely used in Oil & Gas industry: – Subsurface: CSEM, MTEM (Exxon Mobil, Shell, EMGS, PGS, Statoil,

OHM, Rocksource)– Downhole: EM resistivity (Halliburton, Schlumberger)

& dielectrics (Schlumberger)

Scientific Reference Points


Technology Adoption Cycle

After Geoffrey A. Moore (1999)


Some Early O&G Users of Adrok Scanner


Technology Summary

• Adrok’s technology provides:

1. Stratigraphy (like seismic)

2. Detailed information on rock characteristics (like well logs)

3. Actual rock petrography (like cores)


Case Study – field proofGas Prospect in North Africa


Onshore N. Africa, thin gas horizons

• Survey Area located in North Africa

• Adrok trained on 3 drilled well locations (for gas & sedimentary rock layer signatures)

• Surface terrain comprised low lying hills and scrubland

• Tortonian sand reservoirs

• Gas horizons were very thin

• ranging from 0.5m to 12m

• Prospect site was 42km offset from training well location

• The results of the Adrok survey were compared to the actual drilling results (Adrok presented results before drilling commenced).

• Adrok produced Virtual borehole log charts

• No HSE accidents


Composite Log comparing ADR Scanner results with Seismic AVO, & down-hole tools showed that gas layer were more accurately prognosed by ADR (red dots) than by seismic and AVO (green dots).


Case History 2 Client Conclusions

the well


Geophysical Survey Services


3. On-site Survey Data Acquisition

2. Training for geological signatures

1. Pre-survey field modeling

4. Data Processing & Interpretation

5. Analysis & results Delivery

6. Integration to other data sets

Adrok Survey Process

Adrok aims to provide useful subsurface measurements to help de-risk drilling programmes


Adrok’s fit with Oil Company’s WorkflowsExploration Phase Appraisal Phase Execution Phase Operation Phase

Dry Hole

Poss

ible

Com

mer

cial

Fie

ld

Geophysics Data (Seismic, EM,

Aero)

Evaluate Data

Geologic Model

Reservoir Simulations

Exploration Well

Define Field Development Plan

Seismic and/or EM Survey

Implement Field

Development Plan

Facility design

Facility Fabrication

Facility Installation

Development Drilling

Fina

l Inv

estm

ent D

ecis

ion

Field Production

Production

Exporting

Maintenance

Well intervention

Well Data

Geophysics Data

Production Data Extended Well Test

More Information needed

Appraisal Well(s)

ADROK Scan

ADROK Scan


Exploration Value Model

PROJECT MATURITY

Gen

erat

ive

(Pla

ys, L

eads

, Pr

ospe

cts) Geo

phys

ical

Sur

veys

/ Ex

plor

atio

n W

ells

Def

initi

on /

App

rais

al

F iel

d D

e vel

opm

ent

P la n

&

imp l

eme n

t ati o

n

Fie l

d Pr

oduc

tion

DISCOVERY

VALU

E

Risk

Value


Stages of Petroleum Field

ADROK Scan

ADROK Scan

ADROK Scan


Results

• Spectral ADR output (QAQC)

Simplifiedgraphicof chart

• Client Deliverable – virtual wellboresurvey chart


Field Survey Requirements• Transport for

– survey crew (minimum 4 person)– equipment (7 small cases – excess flight baggage)

• Access– 100 metres strip of clear space

• Representative training data– field drill site & drill log– core or rocks from field of interest


Survey Scanning Operation• Each survey scan is a high precision single

location measurement – Generates Virtual Borehole from surface

• 2 types of scan per 100m scan:

– Profile Scan (P-Scan) for 2-D cross-sectional image of subsurface

– Wide Angled Reflection & Refraction (WARR) Scan for depth triangulations


Advantages

• High confidence– output numerical interpretation

• Simple deployment– Fast, compact, portable equipment

• Low cost– Compared with competing technologies

• Seismic / EM resistivity• Aero-mag/gravity• Wildcat Drilling


Performance

• Depth penetration 4km now proven• Depth Resolution > 1m• Physical size Man-portable• Physical endurance IP65 weatherproof• Power requirement 200 watts• Time to survey/50m 2 hours • Time to deliver result 3 days per survey point


Hydrocarbons & Minerals MappingNOW – ONSHORE & OFFSHORE (Virtual Boreholes)

• Appraisal • Field delineation and gross volumetrics• Infill drilling location identification and confirmation• 2D structural surveying• Small scale exploration (point & shoot sites)

FUTURE• Large Scale Exploration – requires increased application database and

ADR sensor training to increase confidence levels• Reservoir monitoring and management – requires deployment of fixed

multiple sensors with lower unit cost base• Airborne surveys will require development and construction of stabilised

platform


Thank You

Gordon StoveManaging Director

Adrok49-1 West Bowling Green StreetEdinburghScotland, U.K.Tel: +44 131 555 6662Mobile: +44 7939 051 829

E-mail: [email protected]: www.adrokgroup.com

Innovative geophysical technology for prognosing location ...

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