INITIAL ENVIRONMENTAL EXAMINATION REPORT FOR …...Power Transmission Corporation of Uttarakhand...

Power Transmission Corporation of Uttarakhand Ltd. ADB Financial Assistance Project, PFR-III [Updated in April 2010]

INITIAL ENVIRONMENTAL EXAMINATION REPORT

FOR PROPOSED NEW 400 KV SUB-STATION

At

SRINAGAR

POWER TRANSMISSION CORPORATION

OF UTTARAKHAND LIMITED







Prepared For

Asian Development Bank

Under

Power Transmission Corporation of Uttarakhand Ltd

(ADB FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE PROJECT, PFR-III)

Prepared by: Vikas Sharma

Master of Social Work & Master of Engineering

Updated in April 2010


TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0 INTRODUCTION 5

1.1 Background 11

1.2 Scope of Work & Methodology Adopted 11

2.0 DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT 12

2.1 The project 12

2.1.1 Sub-station at Srinagar 14

2.2 Additional Justifications for the Projects 17

2.3 Implementation Plan 18

3.0 DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT 19

3.1 Environmental Settings 19

3.1.1 Sub-station at Srinagar 19

3.2 Seismicity 19

3.3 Ecological Resources 19

3.4 Human and economic development 20

3.4.1 Population, Literacy and Employment 21

3.4.2 Health and Education 21

3.4.3 Drinking Water, Electricity, Road and Fire fighting 21

3.4.4 Economy 21

3.4.5 Sanitary Facilities 21

3.4.6 Health environment 21

3.4.7 Historical, cultural and archaeological sites / places 21

4.0 SCREENING OF POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND

MITIGATION MEASURES

22

4.1 Environmental problems due to project location and design 22

4.2 Environmental problems associated with construction and operation 22


stage

4.2.1 Impact on Physical Resources 23

4.2.2 Impact on Environmental Resources 23

4.2.3 Impact on Ecological Resources 25

4.2.4 Impact on Human Environment 25

4.2.5 Waste Disposal 26

5.0 INSTITUTIONAL REQUIREMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING

PROGRAM

32

5.1 Institutional arrangements 32

5.2

5.3

Environmental monitoring

Environmental Management Plan

34

34

6.0 PUBLIC INFORMATION AND CONSULTATION 37

7.0 FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 41

8.0 CONCLUSION 42

9.0 ANNEXURE

Annexure 1 Letter of Central Electricity Authority 43

Annexure 2 Letter of Ministry of Power, Govt. of India 47

Annexure 3 Demographic Structure of the Substation location 48

Annexure 4 Health and education Facilities of the Project Location 49

Annexure 5 Drinking Water Facilities, Electricity, Fire fighting, Roads at the project Location

50

Annexure-6 Economic Structure of the project Areas 51

Annexure-7

Annexure- 8

Annexure- 9.1

Annexure- 9.2 (a)

Sanitary Facilities at the Project Location

Environment Management Plan (EMP)

Advertisement in Newspaper

Public Information (in English)

52

53

67

69


Annexure- 9.2 (b)

Annexure- 9.3 (a)

Annexure- 9.3 (b)

Annexure- 9.4

Annexure- 9.5

Public Information (in Hindi)

Public consultation and awareness program (in English)

Public consultation and awareness program (in Hindi)

Attendance Sheet of Public Consultation

Photographs of Public Consultation

70

71

72

73

75


1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background

Uttarakhand is one of the most beautiful and enchanting region of northern India. Nature has endowed this land with so much beauty and spiritual bliss that it is also known as Dev Bhoomi, the Land of Gods. Ganga, Yamuna and scores of other rivers originate in Uttarakhand. Among them Ganga is the most holy and prominent as she represents the soul of India, her rich culture, history and civilization. In Sanskrit 'Himalaya' means Abode of Snow, truly characterizing the vast permanent snow fields above the snow line. In the heart of these majestic mountains lies the state of Uttarakhand with Kumaon region in its east and Garhwal in the west. Uttarakhand came into existence on 9th November 2000 as the 27th state of the Republic of India. It was carved out of Uttar Pradesh. The State has been granted status of special category state by Union Cabinet on 2nd May 2001.Uttarakhand is Border State bordering China and Nepal. Geographically Uttarakhand is situated between 770 34' to 810 2' East longitude and 280 4' to 310 27' North latitude. Uttarakhand is predominantly a hilly state with 88% of hilly area. The climate of the state varies from subtropical in valleys to temperate on higher slopes. Total area of Uttarakhand is 53483 Sq KM, which is 1.73% of the total area of India. The state is very rich in natural resources specially forest and water, as it has many glaciers, dense forests, mountain peaks and a network of mighty rivers viz., Ganga, Yamuna, Ramganga, Kosi etc. A total of 64.6% of the area is under forest cover. ADMINISTRATIVE SETUP

2. Uttarakhand has inherited its present administrative set-up from its present state Uttar Pradesh. The facts and figure about Uttarakhand are as follows-

Divisions 2

Districts 13

Tehsils 78

Development Blocks 95

Muncipal Areas 71

Nyay Panchayat 670

Gram Panchayat 7227

Villages 16826

Based on Year 2007 figure


DEMOGRAPHY

Population 8479562

Male 4316401

Female 4163161

Rural 6309317

Decadal Increase 19.2(1991-2001)

Population Density 159 Per Sq Km

Sex Ratio 964 Per Thousand

Per Capita Income Rs 12000 Per Year

Birth Rate 40.6

Infant Mortality Rate 52.4

Literacy Rate 72.28%

Male 84.01%

Female 60.26%

Decadal Literacy Rate 14.47%

District Wise Population Distribution (2001 census)

S.No District Name Male Female Total

1 Almora 293576 336970 630446

2 Bageshwar 118202 131250 249453

3 Champawat 110916 113545 224461

4 Chamoli 183033 186165 369198

5 Dehradun 675549 605334 1279083

6 Haridwar 773173 671040 1444213

7 Nanital 400336 362576 762912

8 Pauri 331138 365713 696851

9 Pithoragarh 227592 234557 462149

10 Rudraprayag 107425 120036 227461

11 Tehri 294842 309766 605608

12 Udham singh Nagar 649020 585528 1234548

13 Uttarkashi 151599 142580 294179

Total 4316401 4163161 8479562


Uttarakhand - Tourism State

3. Tourism is one of main source of income at Uttarakhand. The northern areas of Uttarakhand are part of the Great Himalayas range, with average heights up to 3000-5000 metres. The famous peaks are Nanda Devi (7816m), Trishul (7120m) and Panchchuli (6910m). Southern Uttarakhand has plains that are part of the Terai foothills, where temperatures are higher and towns more accessible. The state is not industrially developed and tourism is the mainstay of the economy. For the last 7 years, Dehradun, the largest town, has been its provisional capital. It has a well-connected railhead and a small domestic airport.

4. To most travelers Uttarakhand is associated with its ancient traditions of Hinduism that flourished in its high Himalayan reaches. The source of India's most revered and important rivers Ganges as well as Yamuna, respectively called Gangotri and Yamunotri, lie here. These two spots, along with the shrines of Badrinath and Kedarnath, make the 4 holy sites (Char Dham) that Hindus aspire to visit. Snow-bound for most of the year, these are open from May to October. Lower south, along the Ganges lie the sacred towns of Rishikesh (43km from Dehradun) and Haridwar (connected by rail to Delhi).

5. Uttarakhand's popular hill stations include Mussourie (2000m; 35 km from Dehradun) and Nainital (2000m; 35km from railhead Kathgodam). Corbett National Park is its noted wildlife sanctuary. The combination of mountains and rivers yields opportunities for trekking, river rafting, hiking, which the state is promoting now. Rishikesh is a hub of water adventure sports. There is also a ski destination in Auli.

Infrastructure

S. No. Items Year/ Period Number

1. Important Tourist Places 2006-2007 214

2. Developed Tourist Places 2006-2007 124

3. Tourist Rest Houses 2006-2007 174

4. No. of Beds in T.R.H. 2006-2007 6764

5. Rain Baseras 2006-2007 32

6. No. of Beds in Raien Basera 2006-2007 1610

7. No. of Hotels and Paying Guest Houses 2006-2007 2312

8. No. of Dharamshala 2006-2007 802


Tourist Statistics

S. No. Items Year/ Period Number

1. In Tourist Places (including Pilgrims) 2007 2,26,00,000

(i) Indian Tourist 2007 2,21,00,000

(ii) Foreign Tourist 2007 1,06,000

2. In Important National Parks 2007 1,99,043

(i) Indian Tourist 2007 18,3481

(ii) Foreign Tourist 2007 15,562 6. Uttarakhand has been declared as an Herbal State and a maximum number of Ayurvedic and Homoeopathic medicines depend on plant sources and our state with its biodiversity has a tremendous potential and advantage in the herbal area. It also has the distinction to become the first state in the Nation to declare its Health & Population Policy in December 2002 and under the policy directions it will integrate the services of different systems of medicine such as Ayurveda, Homoeopathy and Unani to achieve synergy. The National Rural Health Mission (2005-12) too seeks to revitalize local health traditions and mainstream AYUSH into the public health system.

7. Uttarakhand is a predominantly agricultural state with 75% of the people deployed in this sector. The state is well linked by state highways, national highways and district roads. The state has broad gauge railway lines but only in the plain areas. Airports at Dehradun (Jollygrant) and Pantnagar are civil airports in the state.

8. POWER TRANSMISSION CORPORATION OF UTTARAKHAND LIMITED: (PTCUL) was established to facilitate transfer of power and to improve the Transmission of electricity system within the state, thus leading to the formation of the State Power Grid. India has a large projected demand-supply gap and has extensive potential for hydropower development. Hydropower generation capacity has lagged behind particularly during the last two decades. Since 1975, the share of hydropower generation capacity has come down to a level of 25% against a desired level of 40%. Therefore, hydropower development is being given priority to improve hydro/thermal mix for optimizing the efficiency of country’s power system and usage of resources for sustainable power generation in an environment friendly manner. Apart from being an environmentally clean source of power, hydropower would also provide a peaking power option for the country. Government is showing strong commitment towards hydropower projects and has launched a 50,000 MW Hydro Electric Initiative. Uttarakhand state is endowed with tremendous hydro power potential. At present there is an urgent necessity for constructing a power evacuation system of the order of 6000 to 6500 MW of generation project in Yamuna , Bahgirathi, Alakhnanda and Sharda Basin. The PTCUL objective is to evacuate the power from Yamuna, Bhagirathi, and Alaknanda river basins. The objectives of PTCUL in the ensuing Asian Development Bank’s loan Project is to provide optimized power system expansion of the northern grid and increase the pace of economic development in less-developed regions in Uttarakhand State. The Project supports Government goal of providing affordable universal power service by 2020. The need of the hour is to ensure equitable


distribution of energy, augmentation of existing transmission capacity, put and integrated robust transmission system in place within cost , quality and time parameters and maintain grid discipline within the frame work of the prescribed grid code. PTCULs response is a balanced combination of reliability, security and economy. PTCUL believes that these guiding principles must match rising expectations of a cleaner, safer, healthier environment and of people, both affected and benefited by its activities.

PROJECT DESCRIPTION & BENEFITS:

9. The proposed transmission system has been envisaged in consultation with CEA and other beneficiary constituents for the reliable evacuation of more than 3000 MW Power of Lata Tapovan NTPC (171 MW), Badrinath GMR Energy (140 MW), Vishnugad NTPC (520 MW), Pipalkoti THDC (444 MW), Devsari SJVNL (330 MW), Langrasu UJVNL (141 MW), Bawala Nandprayag UJVNL (300 MW), Srinagar P/H GVK (330 MW), Rambhara Lanco (76 MW), Phatabyung Lanco (76 MW), Singolibhatwari L&T (99MW) and SHPs for further distribution among beneficiary states. Some units of these projects are scheduled to be commissioned within 11th plan followed by subsequent units at some intervals.

10. Transmission system for these projects is of a regional/ state level collaboration as the power from these projects would be shared by Uttarakhand and other Northern region states such as Delhi, Himanchal Pradesh, Punjab, Rajasthan, Haryana and Uttar Pradesh. These will be connected through the proposed Intra-State transmission system and through existing lines/interconnection to other regions. Techno-Economic clearance of the proposed project has been obtained from Central Electricity Authority (CEA) vide letter no. 12A/G/2006-SP&PA/39 dated 09/01/2007(enclosed) and proposal has been examined by Ministry of Power, GoI and found in order vide letter no. 11/5/2004-IC dated 4th May, 2007(APPENDIX 1 and APPENDIX 2).

11. For the subject, sub-project 400 KV substation Srinagar, this IEE document is prepared on the data contained in the Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Report submitted by PTCUL on Feb 01, 2005. There is no change in the physical parameters of the subject in relation to its design, location, land acquisition, forest land, capacity etc. as mentioned in the report prepared earlier. This report depicts the details of IEE for proposed new 400 KV sub-station at Srinagar for which the land has already been identified and is in possession with PTCUL.

12. The EIA report describes the environment in the State of Uttarakhand, where the proposed transmission project is to be located and various measures that will be taken by PTCUL during design, construction and maintenance stages altogether to avoid and wherever not possible to mitigate the effect on environment of various construction activities.


1.2 Scope of Work & Methodology Adopted

13. A team of PTCUL, headed by qualified and experienced engineer specially assigned this work has carried out the IEE of this sub-project under project PFR-III. The team conducted reconnaissance survey to identify the major environmental issues. Accordingly, field surveys were also undertaken to assess physical and biological environment. An area within 12.0 Km radius around the proposed sub-station has been defined as the study area for the collection of data. The field studies were supported by data collected from secondary sources such as Internet, Forest Atlas of India, Statistical Handbook for Uttarakhand District Maps, National Atlas and Thematic Mapping Organization, Geological Survey of India, Physical map of Uttarakhand etc.

14. The broad scope of the study is:

i) To conduct field visits to collect data relevant to the study area and also collect secondary data so as to establish the baseline environmental status of the study area;

ii) To assess the impacts on environmental attributes due to the location, design, construction and operation of the proposed project;

iii) To prepare a mitigation plan outlining the measures for protecting the environment including institutional arrangement and environmental monitoring;

iv) To identify critical environmental attributes required to be monitored subsequent to the implementation of the proposed project; and

v) To carry out consultation with local people so as to identify the public perception of the project.

vi) Borrower (i.e. PTCUL) will submit environmental monitoring reports to ADB once in a year.

1.2.1 Data Constraints

15. This report is prepared on the basis of field study and with the help of available secondary data.


2.0 DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT

2.1 The project

16. The project involves construction of new 400 KV substation at village Khandukhal in Srinagar town (district Pauri) as discussed below. The location map of this substation is presented as Figure 2.1, Figure 2.2 and Figure 23.

Figure 2.1: Location map of the proposed substation



2.1.1 400 KV Sub-station at Srinagar

17. The work involves construction of a new sub-station of Voltage ratio 400/220/132KV and capacity of 2x315 MVA and 2x160 MVA at Khandukhal 11 Km away from Srinagar in Pauri district of Uttarakhand. Total land acquired is 17.295 hect. which is classified as civil forest land and leased to Power Transmission Corporation of Uttarakhand Ltd. for 30 years. PTCUL has deposited Rs. 3,27,55,278 (1,00,31,100 as NPV+15,,91,140 as compensatory a forestation+ 2,30,000 nearby proposed land+ 20903038 as lease rent for 30 years) to the forest department. All the formalities have been completed including cutting of 121 number of trees by forest department and the land is in possession with PTCUL. The estimated cost for this substation is Rs. 158.01 crores.


18. Srinagar town offers a panoramic view of the great Himalayas form it's towns and villages. The Srinagar City which is situated in valley at an altitude of 579 Mts. above the sea-level in the headquarters of the District Pauri Garhwal and the Garhwal Division. There is Hemwati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University and Medical college, number of schools and Inter colleges are in Srinagar. Headquarters of all Govt. departments are located in the District Pauri .

19. The project site is uncultivated barren civil forest land. The proposed site is 6 Km away from the NH-58 connecting Haridwar to Rudrapryag and Chamoli Districts. All the major utilities like Fire station, Hospital, Medical college, Police station, Schools, Colleges and University etc. are available in the Srinagar town which is 11 Km away from the project site. Details of Srinagar town are given below:-

Formal Re-establishment : 1896

Longitude / Latitude : 30 o 13' N | 78 o 36' E

Region/Location : Pauri Garhwal, Uttarakhand Central Himalayas, India

Area/STD Code : 01346

Zip/Pin Code : 246174

Population : 19,861 (2001census)

Literacy : 83%

Area : 9.659 Sq Kilometers

Altitude : 579 Meters

Weather : Mild in Winter and Hot in Summer

Temperatures : Average Temperature 24o C Maximum Temp. 42o C | Minimum Temp. 10o C


20. This project is the part of scheme submitted to ADB for financial assistance in Alaknanda Basin to evacuate the power of the following Power Houses –

� Lata Tapovan NTPC (171 MW)

� Badrinath GMR Energy (140 MW)

� Vishnugad NTPC (520 MW)

� Pipalkoti THDC (444 MW)

� Devsari SJVNL (330 MW)

� Langrasu UJVNL (141 MW)

� Bawala Nandprayag UJVNL (300 MW)

� Srinagar P/H GVK (330 MW)

� Rambhara Lanco (76 MW)

� Phatabyung Lanco (76 MW)

� Singolibhatwari L&T (99MW)

� SHPs.

21. The Initial Environment Examination Report has been prepared by Power Transmission Corporation of Uttarakhand Ltd. (PTCUL) to comply with the requirements of ADB for its Power Sector Development Loan for the Transmission Improvement project “Transmission system associated with Alaknanda basin projects more than 3000 MW HEP being constructed by NTPC, THDC, GVK, GMR and SHPs at Chamoli/Pauri/Udhamsingh Nagar districts of Uttarakhand state by the year 2008-2009 to 2011-2012.

22. The IEE report describes the environment in the State of Uttarakhand, where the proposed transmission project is to be located and various measures that will be taken by PTCUL during design, construction and maintenance stages altogether to avoid and wherever not possible to mitigate the effect on environment of various construction activities.

2.2 Additional Justifications for the project

23. In addition to the above justification, the overall power scenario of Uttarakhand as described below also justifies the construction of new substation. The total proposed pooled power at 400 KV Srinagar S/s will be more than 3000 MW. This substation will evacuate the pooled power of generators in Alaknanda Basin which are given below:

24. Lata Tapovan NTPC (171 MW), Badrinath GMR Energy (140 MW), Vishnugad NTPC (520 MW), Pipalkoti THDC (444 MW), Devsari SJVNL (330 MW), Langrasu UJVNL (141 MW), Bawala Nandprayag UJVNL (300 MW), Srinagar P/H GVK (330 MW), Rambhara Lanco (76 MW), Phatabyung Lanco (76 MW), Singolibhatwari L&T (99MW) and SHPs.


25. After the construction of new 400 KV substation at Srinagar, Srinagar will become the pooled power hub. Presently Srinagar town and nearby areas are feed in radial mode through single circuit 132 KV Rishikesh- Srinagar line. Whenever there is any breakdown or shutdown in the line there is no alternate supply on EHV system. 400/220/132 KV sub-station Srinagar will be connected with existing 132 KV substation Srinagar, the EHV system will strengthen and reliability of the supply to the Srinagar town and its nearby areas will be more.

26. Similarly 400/220/132 KV sub-station Srinagar will be connected with 132 KV sub-station Simli (Karanpryag) and 132 KV sub-station Satpuli (Pauri), the EHV system will strengthen and reliability of the supply to the Simli and Satpuli sub-stations. Reliability of the supply to the 132 KV sub-station Kotdwar, which is an industrial area, will also increase as it will be connected to 400/220/132 KV sub-station Srinagar through 132 KV sub-station Satpuli.

27. Reasons of forecasted generation and demand growth

i) Due to rapid growth of the hydro power generation sector, helped by the Nation’s special attention to the growth of Uttarakhand.

ii) Due to rapid growth of the industrial sector, helped by the Nation’s special attention to the growth of Uttarakhand.

iii) Higher consumption in the domestic sector due to development under Govt. APDP scheme and increasing use of modem gadgets.

iv) Also, the Government of India (GOI) has envisaged 100% electrification of villages by the end of 11th plan i.e. by 2012 and coverage of 100% households by the 11th plan, i.e. by 2012. At present, about 5% of the villages needs to be electrified.

28. There is urgent need of system up gradation, this need will be fulfilled by the ADB under the program loan. The project will help in evacuation of upcoming power generation, operational efficiency, quality of power and reliability of the system.

2.3 Implementation Plan

29. The proposed project involves construction of new 400 KV Sub-station. Since the land has already been acquired for the purpose, hence the land acquisition problems are not there. The activities for the development of land are already in progress. Tender for procurement of equipments, erection of sub-station equipments, testing and commissioning has already being initiated and technical evaluation has been done , the project is expected to start by the end of 2008 The project is expected to take 24-26 months for completion.


3.0 DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT

30. The description of the surrounding environmental conditions around the proposed substation area is given briefly in following sections.

3.1 Environmental Settings

3.1.1 Sub-station at Srinagar

31. The study area comprises of mainly scrub and bushes. The temperature varies maximum of 42oC to minimum of 10oC. The average rainfall in the area is 1547 mm. The soil in the study area is yellowish in colour with loamy texture. The geology consists of mixed alluvium and sandstone shale grit and conglomerate. The region consists of entirely medium to high grade metamorphic rocks and is intruded by latter volcanic rocks. The study area is not a flood prone area. The population in the study area consists of mostly farmers and workers.

3.2 Seismicity

32. The study area falls under Zone IV and slightly above on modified Mercalli Intensity Scale, where the maximum intensity could reached VIII which is not the most severe seismic zone and is referred as Medium Damage Risk Zone.

3.3 Ecological Resources

Flora

33. Ferns: Over 120 species of fern grow in damp ravines, Covered rocks and tree trunks. Fueli Ferns grow abundantly in the monsoon month of July, August and September.

34. Tree: The hills abound wild cherry, wild Apple, Spindle Wood, Oak, Fig, Poplar, Holly, Rhododendron, Masuri Berry, Dogwood, Horse Chestnut and hill tuna. At higher altitudes, forests are crowded with Himalayan cypress, Deodar, Blue pine, Fir and Long leafed pine.

35. Acacia Arabica (Babul): This tree and other of same genus yield a gum, which is used as substitute for gum Arabic.

36. Egle Marmelos (Bel): The fruit is a specific in atonic diarrhea and dysentery.

37. Artemisia Vulgris (Pati) : It has stomachic and tonic properties and is given in fevers.

38. Boenning Hausenia albiflora (Pisu-ghas): Exported and used as a medicine for poultry.

39. Bauhinia Veriegata (Kachnar): The root in decoction is useful in dyspepsia and flatulency, the flowers with sugar as gentle laxative, and the bark, flowers or root triturated in rice-water as a cataplasm to promote suppuration.


40. Berberis Lycium (Kingora-ki-jar): An extract from the roots is known as rasaut. The medicinal extract is highly esteemed as a febrifuge and as a local application in eye diseases.

41. Bombax Malabaricum (Semal): The gum is given in asthenic cases, the root furnishes one of the musali and is used as a stimulant and tonic and in large doses as an emetic, and the leaves are employed as an aphrodisiac and in special diseases.

42. Cinnamomum Tamala Tej (Bark), Tejpat (Leaves): The bark and leaves are used as a carminative, aromatic and stimulant in coughs and dyspepsia and generally as substitute for tree cinnamon.

43. Aconitum Hetrophyllum Atis (Root): It is used as a tonic, febrifuge and aphrodisiac.

Fauna

44. The valleys of Garhwal are quite rich in wild life and are excellent grounds for the naturalist. Shielded from trigger-happy populace, animals and birds abound in the thick forests.

45. Animals: The cat family is abundant in these mountains and would include the Tiger, Panther, Civet cat, Leopard cat and Jungle Cat. Relatives of the domesticated dog would include the Himalayan Silver Fox and the Jackal. Various species of deer including the Musk Deer and the Barking Deer roam in the forest. Sambhar and Gural as well as the Bear and the Porcupine can also be seen. The flying mammal, the Bat too is common. Among the most adorable animals in this region are the Chipmunk, the Rhesus Monkey and the Flying Squirrel.

46. Birds: Over 400 varieties of birds have been recorded in the Himalayan region. The shore Bird- Musphekraa forest host, the Jewel Thrush, Black headed Oriole, Black headed yellow Bulbul, Rosy Minivet, Laughing Thrush, Golden Backed Wood pecker and the Blue fly Catcher, Wintering waterfowl include the Goosander, Brahminy Duck & Green Shank, Grey headed Fishing Eagles may also be seen by the river edge. After ascending over 5000 feet, the Woodpecker, Thrush & Warbler become more common, between 8000-11000 feet, Grosbeak, Rock Thrush, Crested black Tit & red headed Laughing Thrush are a plenty.

3.4 Human and economic development

47. This section discusses the baseline scenario of the socio-economic environment in the study area. The issues discussed are population, education, employment, community services and transportation. For assessing the baseline socio-economic data, information from secondary data sources i.e. the 2001 Census data has been considered.


3.4.1 Population, Literacy and Employment

48. The population density of Pauri is 159/sqr Km. For Srinagar town the details for the socio-economic statistics like total population, density, sex ratio, literacy rate, workers & non-workers, schedule caste and schedule tribe is given in Annexure -3.

3.4.2 Health and Education

49. Srinagar has the best educational and medical facilities. The details on the health and educational facilities are given in Annexure - 4.

3.4.3 Drinking Water, Electricity, road and Fire fighting

50. The main source of drinking water is natural source and tap water. The details on drinking water electricity, fire-fighting facilities are given as Annexure -5.

3.4.4 Economy

51. Economic profile in the study area is given as Annexure -6.

3.4.5 Sanitary Facilities

52. The normal mode of disposal of sewage is through open drains and pit system. The details on sanitary facilities are given as Annexure-7.

3.4.6 Health environment

53. The project site is situated on hills in very good climatic condition, there is no air, noise, water and industrial pollution. Health environment is very good.

3.4.7 Historical, cultural and archaeological sites /places

54. There are no historical/archeological sites in the study area around the proposed new substation.


4.0 SCREENING OF POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES.

4.1 Environmental problems due to project location and design

55. Potential adverse environmental impacts associated with location of proposed new station has already been avoided or minimized through proper site selection. The site selection has been done in such a way that human resettlements are away, does not affect monuments of cultural or historical importance, does not create a threat to the survival of any community with special reference to tribal communities, does not affect any public utility services like playgrounds or schools, does not affect any sanctuaries, national park and reserve forest areas.

4.2 Environmental problems associated with Construction and Operation Stage

56. The project activities would involve transportation of material and equipment, erection of sub-station steel structures, construction of foundation material for structures, etc. and cable trench, grounding of switch yard equipment, installation of the equipments (such as transformers, circuit breaker, lightning arrester, power and control cables, bus bars), testing and commissioning of these equipments. During the operation phase most of the construction phase impacts will get stabilized and the impacts will be restricted only to the operation and maintenance of the substation.

57. The impacts on the environment from various activities of the project can be categorized as follows:

• Impact on Physical Resources

� Impact on Topography � Impact on Climate

• Impact on Environmental Resources

� Impact on Air Quality � Impact on Noise Levels � Impact on surface Water Quality � Impact on ground Water Quality � Impact on Soils and Geology

• Impact on Ecological Resources

� Terrestrial Ecology � Wild Life � Aquatic Ecology

• Human Environment

� Health and Safety � Agriculture


� Socio-economics � Resettlement and Rehabilitation � Cultural sites � Traffic and Transport

• Waste Disposal

� Solid waste disposal � Liquid waste disposal

58. The impacts of the project activities on various environmental attributes are discussed in subsequent sections.

4.2.1 Impact on Physical Resources

� Impact on Topography

59. During the construction of the proposed project, the topography will change due to leveling of the proposed uneven site. The permanent change would be the presence of substation and associated structures on the leveled land. Cutting of trees (121 no) is minimum and its approval from forest department has already been obtained and amount has been deposited.

� Impact on Climate

60. The project involves negligible deforestation and/or vegetation. Hence impact on climate is not anticipated.

4.2.2 Impact on Environmental Resources

� Impact on Air quality

61. During the construction phase, the activities would involve excavation, movement of transporting vehicles along the haul road (through pucca roads, but are not maintained). All these activities would give rise to emission of dust particles thereby affecting air quality marginally at the site which although will be transitory in nature. Sprinkling of water during excavation will reduce the dust emission to the greater extent.

62. The project will not have any negative impact on the air quality of the region during the operation phase.

� Impact on Noise Levels

63. During the construction, the major sources of noise pollution are movement of vehicles transporting the construction material and equipment to the site. The major work of the construction is expected to be carried out during the day time. The noise produced during the construction will have negligible impact on the residents of Villagers as they are too far more over the exposure for very short period.

64. During the operation phase of the project there will noise from the substation due to transformers operation which will be felt only up to 15 to 50 m from the substation


area. However there are no settlements within the distance of 50 m of the proposed sub-station. It is proposed that the substation area should be surrounded by wall, which will have sound attenuation effect and proper maintenance of the equipments/machineries inside the sub-stations so that the ambient noise level meets the CPCB standard for residential areas (55 dB(A) during daytime and 45 dB(A) during night time ) at the boundary of sub-station.

� Impact on Surface Water Quality

65. The construction and operation of the proposed project will not have any major impact on the surface and ground water quality in the area. Contamination to water bodies may result due to spilling of construction materials and surface runoff from the construction site joining the water body. There may be increase in the turbidity levels in Alaknanda River at Srinagar substation if the surface runoff from the substation meets the river. This can be avoided by construction of sedimentation pond at the construction site.

66. It is proposed to employ workers for the construction purpose. Adequate drinking water facilities, sanitary facilities and drainage in the temporary colonies of the construction workers should be provided to avoid the surface water pollution. Provision of adequate washing and toilet facilities with septic tanks and appropriate refuse collection and disposal system should be made obligatory. This should form an integral component in the planning stage before commencement of construction activity.

67. Sedimentation ponds should be provided at the substation site during the construction phase. The sludge generated at the trap should be kept in specified place inside the premise of sub-stations and sold to authorized contractors/third parties. No sludge disposal on land should be done.

� Impact on Ground Water Quality

68. Ground water pollution can take place, if chemical substances and oily waste get leached by precipitation of water and percolate to the ground water table. Avoiding spilling at the construction site will minimize the chances of leaching construction chemicals to the ground water. Adequate treatment facilities at the substation areas should be provided as stated above to avoid ground water pollution.

� Impact on Soil and Geology

69. The impact on soils will be due to the soil erosion at the construction site and along the access routes due to excavation activity and land clearance, leveling and stabilization of sub-station construction sites will be done after completion of construction activity. Construction chemicals will be handled properly to avoid any soil contamination.

70. Geological impacts are related to damage due to seismic conditions. The study falls under marcalli intensity scale zone IV where the max. Intensity could reach VIII Which is not severe seismic zone. However, foundation design needs to be done considering the probability of occurrence of earthquake at the design stage itself.


4.2.3 Impact on Ecological Resources

� Terrestrial Ecology

71. There are few trees which has already being cut by the forest department after depositing the required amount by the PTCUL as land belongs to forest department and lease out to PTCUL for 30 years. There is no wildlife sanctuary, wetland or reserve forest in the close vicinity of the proposed substations. The proposed project area of Srinagar hosts small patches of vegetation which mainly consists of few scrubs and trees like bamboo, mango, teak, eucalyptus etc. Plantation around the substation area will improve the ecology and aesthetics in the surrounding.

� Wild Life

72. The faunal species in the study area is mainly of those associated with manmade habitat. No wild life occurrence is there around the substation areas. There may be possibility of bird hits to the conductors, which should be avoided by installing the deflectors.

� Impact on Aquatic Ecology

73. Impact on aquatic ecology is not anticipated, as the site is located approximately 500 mt away from the water bodies. There are changes of surface runoff during construction activity meeting the Alaknanda River at Srinagar site which is located on the upland hill adjacent to the river. The surface runoff should be routed to the sedimentation pond to avoid the river water pollution.

4.2.4 Impact on Human Environment

� Health and Safety

74. Health and safety impacts will be in terms of risk of accidents and exposure to electromagnetic fields at the substation. The accidents may due to electro-cutting, lightening, fires and explosions. The lightening arresters should be provided at strategic locations in the substation. Sufficient number of fire protection equipments like buckets, fire extinguishers, fire water tank should be provided for emergency needs. At the substation level, the safety and emergency procedures manual should be kept. Necessary training regarding safety aspects to the personnel working at the substation and line inspectors should be provided. Personal protective equipments like safety gloves, helmet, mufflers etc will be provided during construction period and during the maintenance work. The importance should be given to maintain hygienic conditions and good aesthetics at the substation.

� Agriculture

75. Proposed Srinagar sub-station is located at Khandukhal Village; civil forest land has been leased out through state government and is in possession with PTCUL. Acquisition of agriculture land has been avoided as far possible for the substation. Hence no major impact on the agriculture is envisaged. No surrounding agriculture land will be affected due to construction activity, as the access to the site will be through the existing roads.


� Socio-economics

76. Beneficial impacts are envisaged on socio-economic conditions, as there will rural and urban electrification. There will also be job opportunities during the construction period for the local population. At the state level, the industrial development may take place, which will trigger the economic growth on the regional scale.

� Resettlement and Rehabilitation

77. The land acquisition does not involve the displacement of any houses at the new substations as the land belongs to forest department and lease out to PTCUL for 30 years.

� Cultural sites

78. There are no archaeological, historical or cultural important sites around the substations; hence the impacts on these sites are not envisaged.

� Traffic & Transport

79. During the construction phase, traffic disturbance needs to be minimized by avoiding high-density areas, proper traffic signs, ensuring proper access roads and avoiding road blockage.

4.2.5 Waste Disposal

� Solid waste disposal

80. The solid waste generation at the substations will include metal scraps, wooden packing material etc. Solid waste/scrap will be collected and disposed of in compliance with the Environmental Protection Act, 1986, and applicable regulations and rules.

� Liquid waste disposal

81. Main liquid waste is the oil waste etc. PTCUL has discontinued procurement of poly-chlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) transformer oil. Pure hydrocarbon mineral oil will be used for transformers, current transformers, potential transformers and capacitors under the project which will not have any adverse environmental impacts. Separated oily waste will be collected and disposed of in compliance with the Environmental Protection Act, 1986, and applicable regulations and rules.

82. The environmental impact matrix and the mitigation measures are given in Table-4.1 below.


Table – 4.1: Environmental Impact Matrix

S. No.

Environmental attribute

Potential impacts Nature of impact

Magnitude of impacts Mitigation measures Implementation & Monitoring

Low Medium High

A. Physical Resources

1. Topography Change in the surface features

Direct/Local/ irreversible

X Plantation around the substation area to improve the aesthetics

During construction and operation phase

2. Climate No impacts on the climatic conditions

Direct/Local/ irreversible

X No mitigation required --

B. Environmental Resources

1. Air Quality Due to increase of dust project will have marginal impact on air quality.

Direct/Local/ reversible

X Watering at construction site, limited bare soils, maintenance of vehicles

During construction activity

2. Noise Noise due to general construction activities on the nearby settlements


X No nearby settlement, however restriction of noise generating activities at night and use of personal protective equipment like ear plugs, mufflers etc. enclosure around the construction site and use of low noise generating activities.

During construction activity


Noise arising from substation operation and corona noise from conductors


X There is no nearby populated area. Monitoring of possible corona noise to identify and correct problems.

Proper maintenance of equipments/ machineries so the ambient noise standard is met

During operational phase

3. Surface and Ground Water quality

Runoff from the construction site


X Sedimentation ponds at the substations for waste water.

Before construction activity

Domestic wastewater from construction sites and during substation operation


X Domestic waste treatment by providing septic tank soak pit.

During construction and operation

Oil spillage indirect/Local/ reversible

X Containment structures, oil water separation, adopting good practices for oil handling and maintenance works

During construction and operation

Oil contamination during maintenance

indirect/Local/ reversible

X Oil trap installation for separation of oil from water

During operation

4. Soils and Geology

Soil erosion due to construction activities.


X Stabilization of disturbed land. Proper handling of construction chemicals to avoid spillage.

During and after the construction activity


Damage due to seismic activity

Direct/regional/ reversible

X Site already selected and proper foundation design considering the geological conditions and seismicity of the area

Before the construction activity.

C. Ecological Resources

1. Terrestrial Ecology

Loss of vegetation Direct/Local/ irreversible

X Plantation around the substation area will improve the ecology and aesthetics in the surrounding

After the construction phase

2. Terrestrial Fauna

Disturbance to the local fauna during construction


X No wildlife around the substation area. Most are associated with man. Hence no mitigation is required.

After the construction activity

Disturbance to the local fauna during operation


X Monitoring for bird strikes during the operation and use of deflectors if required.

During operational stage activity.

3. Aquatic Ecology

No significant impacts envisaged


X No mitigations required During and after the construction activity.

D. Human Environment

1. Health and Safety

Exposure to electromagnetic fields

Direct/Local/ continuous

X Substation site is away from the settlement. No houses in the immediate vicinity. No mitigations required.

--


Fires, explosion and other accidents at the substations

Direct/Local X Use of personal protective equipments during construction and maintenance. Prepare and implement safety and emergency manual. Regular inspection of lines for faults prone to accidents. Provision of Fire protection equipments. Provision of Lightening arrestors

During operation phase

2. Agriculture Permanent and temporary loss of agriculture


X No mitigations required as there is no acquisition of agriculture land.

--

3. Socio-economics

Beneficial impacts from rural and urban electrification. Job opportunities during construction phase

Direct/regional

X Unskilled job opportunities during the construction period. Indirect benefits such as petty purchases of domestic items and logistic local support ( tractor trolley, donkeys etc during construction period. Overall economic growth of the region.

During construction phase

4. Resettlement Resettlement of the house in substation areas


X No displacement of houses hence no mitigation required

--


5. Cultural sites No archaeological, historical or cultural important sites are affected by the construction of the substations


X No mitigation required --

6. Traffic and Transportation

Traffic congestion due to movement of construction vehicles


X Avoid high density areas, proper traffic signs at the construction site, ensuring proper access roads

During construction phase

E Solid Waste Disposal

Probability of Surface and ground pollution


X The wooden and metallic scrap will be collected and disposed off in compliance with the Environmental Protection Act, 1986, and applicable regulations and rules.

During construction and maintenance

F Liquid (Oil) waste Disposal

Probability of Surface and ground pollution


X The oil sludge should be separately stored in the containers and disposed off in compliance with the Environmental Protection Act, 1986, and applicable regulations and rules.

During construction and maintenance.


5.0 INSTITUTIONAL REQUIREMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM

5.1 Institutional arrangements

83. The mitigation measures suggested requires monitoring of environmental attributes both during construction and operational phase of the project. PTCUL have a separate environmental cell for dealing with the various environmental issues at the corporate level. In the PTCUL there is environmental cell both at the corporate and regional levels to monitor and implement environmental good practices.

84. The environment management cell at both the levels is headed by qualified and experienced engineer who is well aware of the project activities and its impacts on the environment. The engineer should be able to give guidance to the personnel to adopt the environmental good practice.

85. The duties of the environmental cell at the corporate level:

� Monitoring and implementation of mitigation measures during construction and operation phases of the project.

� Prepare environmental management cell at both the levels is headed by qualified and experienced engineer who is aware of the project activities and its impacts on the environment. The engineer should be able to give guidance to the personnel to adopt the environmental good practice.

� Advising and coordinating regional environmental management cells activity towards effective environment management.

� Prepare environment and safety manual for the operation of sub-station. � Liaise with the Ministry of Environment Forest (MoEF), New Delhi and State

Department of environment and sought their help to solve the environment related issues of the project implementation.

� Advise to project planning cell on environmental and social issues while route selection of the alignment at the planning stage to avoid negative environmental impact.

� Provide Training and awareness on environmental and social issues related to power transmission projects to the project staff.

86. The duties of the environmental cell at the regional level:

� Implement the environment policy guidelines and environmental good practices at the sites.

� Advising and coordinating the field offices activity towards effective environment management.

� Implement environment and safety manual. � Liaise with the State pollution control board and sought their help to solve the

environment monitoring related issues.


� Carry out environmental and social survey in conjunction with project planning cell while route selection of the alignment at the planning stage to avoid negative environmental impact.

� Provide Training and awareness to the field offices on environmental and social issues related to power transmission projects.

87. Institutional Structures and Responsibility for Environmental Management Plan at Power Transmission Corporation of Uttarakhand Limited (PTCUL) is given in Figure 5.1 below:

Figure 5.1: Institutional Structures and Responsibility for Environmental Management Plan at Power Transmission Corporation of Uttarakhand Limited (PTCUL)

Environmental Degradation,

Pollution, social issues and community

development, Resettlement,

Poverty Alleviation

Coordinate with MoEF, GoUK, GOI, ADB and other regulatory

authorities during

construction and operation

stages of project

EMSD

(Project in- charge)

Environmental Issues Supervision of Environment

related activities

Social Issues Social Issues, Community

Development, R&R, EMST

Dy.GM, Ex. Engineer Responsible for supervising contractors and overseeing the implementation of EMP

PIU Environmental professionals, (Engineers, field supervisors) Responsible monitoring and reporting progress on the EMP

Executive Engineer

Responsible for

addressing social issues of the community

Executive Engineer

Responsible for addressing community concerns and overseeing resettlement issues

EMSD = Environmental Management and Social Department, EMP = environmental management plan, EMST = Environmental management and Social Team, MOEF = Ministry of Environment and Forests, PIU = Project Implementation Unit


5.2 Environmental monitoring

88. During the construction and operation phase of this project, the monitoring of the environmental aspects shall be done at the substation level by a competent officer under guidance of the regional and corporate level offices. During the construction phase, the prospective contractor should ensure that activities like handling of earth work, clearing work, access road construction, putting proper traffic signals is done properly to have minimum impact. This in turn should be monitored by the Engineer-in–Charge of the individual substation. Preventive maintenance should be carried out to identify and resolve problems related cooling oil, gaskets, circuit breakers, vibration measurements, and other monitoring activities at regular intervals.

89. Monitoring of oil water separation and sanitary waste treatment should be done periodically to avoid water pollution. Other environmental good practices include noise abatement, maintaining hygienic conditions, maintenance of fire and safety equipment etc. Clearing of grass should be done periodically and medium height tree plantation around the substation wall should be done at the substation areas. Monitoring report should be prepared once in six months with the corrective action plan for the problem areas.

90. Overall the environmental good practices should be followed as per environmental policy guidelines.

5.3 Environmental Management Plan

91. The main benefits of the environmental mitigation plan are (i) ensuring that environmental standards are met during design, construction, and operation of the project; (ii) providing offsets to negate project impacts especially ecological impacts, e.g., in the form of compensatory afforestation, greenbelt development and landscaping. Without such expenditures, the project might generate large environmental impacts, causing the biophysical environment in the area to deteriorate and indirectly depressing the economies of local communities. No tree cutting is involved for the construction of the substation at 400 Kv sub-station at Srinagar.

a. Summary EMP for the project components is provided in Table as Annexure- 8. The compliance with the EMP has been prepared based upon optimum and reasonable costs that are derived upon minimization of mitigation measures on a “least-cost” basis.

b. The 400 KV substation project cost is 172.08 crores which includes the no land

cost, as it is government land. The EMP costs for the substation are given below in Table 5.1 below:


Table 5.1: EMP Cost during Construction Stage

S.

No.

Activity Unit Rate

(INR)

Quantity Amount

(INR) Lacs

1 Safety awareness program

among the villagers and

workmen. The contractor will conduct Information Education and Consultation Communication (IEC) campaigns at least every other month, addressed to all site staff and labour to the immediate local community and project affected people about the project related environment management and social issues.

No. - at least every other month

Contractor shall implement the same as per clause 22.1 of Section 8 – Special Condition of Contract

2 Water sprinkling at haul road for suppression of dust due to vehicle movement/heavy machinery movement will be done with water tankers/manually as per requirement of the conditions at site to minimize the dust pollution.

- - - Contractor shall implement the same as per clause 22.1 of Section 8 – Special Condition of Contract

3 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) such as Safety Helmets, gumboots, safety Jackets, Ear plugs & Nose masks to workers working at construction site. The number of safety jackets at site store will be at least 10 jackets and 75 numbers of each of the following PPE items will be available at site at one time. a) Helmets b) Gumboots c) Nose masks d) Ear plugs

No. - 75 The contractor will maintain a stock of at least 75 PPE’s in his stores for uses as per clause no 22.2 of Section 8 - Special Condition of Contract.


S.

No.

Activity Unit Rate

(INR)

Quantity Amount

(INR) Lacs

4 Provision of sanitation facility around the camp site.

- - - Contractor shall implement the same as per clause 22.2 of Section 8 – Special Condition of Contract

5 Construction stage monitoring of Ambient Air and Ambient Noise due to construction activity by approved monitoring agency -Once in 3 months interval near habitation close to construction site. Payment will be made after the verification from the site engineer. A) Ambient Air monitoring

B) Ambient Noise monitoring

C) Drinking water monitoring at

camp site

No. No. No.

8500 4000 7500

12 12 12

1.02 0.48 0.90

6 Green belt development inside the campus of sub-station

Lump sum

5.0

7 Environmental enhancement such as repairing, whitewashing of worship places and schools, provision of drinking water facilities, sitting benches etc. and development of green belt along the worship place and schools, repairing of approach road and provision of bathing ghats close to project site. Detail plan with costing will be prepared by Implementing Agency and upon

Lump sum

18.1


S.

No.

Activity Unit Rate

(INR)

Quantity Amount

(INR) Lacs

approval by Engineer/PTCUL, it will be executed. Upon verification of concern Engineer, the payment shall be done.

8 Medical camps for workmen and society including checkup of Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI) and Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD) including HIV/AIDS and health awareness program on monthly basis shall be done by the Contractor. Payment to the contractor for preparation and implementation this program shall not exceed the provisional sum dedicated for this purpose (Clause 22.2.7 of Section – 8 of Special Condition of Contract)

No. 15000 30 4.50

Total EMP cost during construction stage 30.00

92. The land has been provided by the State Government. There is no permanent or temporary structure on the land, hence there is no resettlement. There is no tree on this land hence no forest compensation is required.

6.0 PUBLIC INFORMATION AND CONSULTATION

93. Whenever a power transmission system is planned and put up for the Government’s approval, a Gazette notification of the transmission scheme is made in the state Gazette under section 29(II) of the Electricity (Supply) Act of 1948. The details of the schemes including the locations ( villages/towns) through which it will pass should be published in daily news papers of the area for information and to solicit comments, from the public within stipulated period. This is to allay fears and apprehensions of people and the objections or suggestions received, are considered in the location of the project. Presently the public consultation is done as a part of social assessment separately to ascertain the people’s reaction and the related issues are covered separately in the social assessment report.

94. During the survey, public consultation has done to know the people’s perceptions about the project and environmental problems. The purpose of the public consultation includes the following:

� To ascertain the public views on various environmental issues related to sub-station;


� To encourage and provide for people’s participation in project implementation; and � To obtain new insight and site specific information, and to appropriating possible

mitigation measures based on local knowledge of the communities.

Process Adopted:

95. Public consultation is an integral part of EMP report. Community consultations covering Environmental and Social aspects have been done close to proposed route of transmission line with Panchayat members and local villagers including women group. Local communities, who are primary stakeholders, have been chosen for consultation. Focused group discussion with the local community is adopted as a tool for the consultation along the transmission line. The local communities had been informed in advance about the date, venue, and purposes of the public consultation with briefing on project interventions including its benefits and disadvantages. The environmental concerns and suggestions made by the participants has been listed out, discussed and dissolved.

96. The details of scheme including the locations (villages/towns) where the route alignment of transmission line is proposed is published in daily news papers Amar Ujala, Uttarakhand edition, Danik Jagran, Uttarakhand edition and Times of India , Delhi edition) for information and to solicit comments from the public within stipulated period is given in Annexure 9.1.

97. Information about the proposed project in English and Local language (Hindi) is shared, which is given in Annexure 9.2 (a) & Annexure 9.2 (b).

98. Public Consultation and Awareness Program in English and Local language (Hindi) for the proposed project is done based on certain questions, which is given in Annexure 9.3 (a) & Annexure 9.3 (b).

Outcome of Public Consultation:

99. Most of the people seems to be unaware of the environment problems but after awareness and consultation program, people felt necessary to have new transmission line in the interest of development of state. After the discussion, the response of the people was obtained on the response sheet. Public consultation details are summarized in following table:

Public Consultation Details:

S.

No.

Issues Public Response PTCUL’s Explanations

1. Are you aware of the project?

Most of the people were unaware of the project.

Officers of PTCUL team explained the importance of project and its benefits.


S.

No.


2. Are you aware of the environmental issues related to the project?

a. Generally people were worried about the cutting of trees.

a. Consultation team ensured the people that double the afforestation will be done by the forest department at the expenses of PTCUL to compensate the deforestation. It was also briefed that route alignment is done in such a way that minimum tree cutting is required.

b. Some people were worried about the dust emission.

b. It was informed that soil excavation area is very less for construction of tower foundation and during the construction spray of water will be done to mitigate the dust emission.

c. Few people also enquired about the traffic/heavy vehicle traffic.

c. Officers explained that tower will be transported in parts and it will be done by using the normal trucks.

d. Some people were worried about noise of transport vehicles

d. It was explained to them that construction period for tower foundation near to the specific village is very short and it is in weeks.

e. Some people asked the question about the cutting of land (benching work) and stabilization of land, if any.

e. It was briefed that designing of towers (uneven legs extensions) is done in such a way that minimum cutting of land, if any, is require. Even if cutting of land is required stabilization of land will done by constructing retaining/breast wall and by doing revetment work.

3. Other issues a. Some people, especially ladies, were worried about the nuisance by the outside workers.

a. Public was ensured that contractor will be asked strictly to maintain the discipline among the outside workers.

b. Some people asked about the employment from this project.

b. It was informed that contractor will be asked to prefer the local employment for unskilled jobs. Indirect income to the villagers will be generated in the form of purchases by the outside workers for their daily needs and in the form of animal


S.

No.


transportation of material if required.

c. Some people asked about importance of constructing power line in an already electrified village.

c. It was explained to them that this line will be of high voltage and will evacuate the power generated in HEPs to load centers. This will solve the problem of power shortage, provide quality power at low cost to the state consumers and by selling the surplus power it will increase the revenue of the State of Uttarakhand.

d. Some people enquired about the loss to their personal land and crops, if any.

d. It was ensured to them that it will be avoided. However, if there is any loss it will be compensated as per departmental norms. Crop compensation will be provided to them by PTCUL but the case will be processed by the state government revenue department.

100. General awareness was shared /imparted during the Public Consultation and Awareness Program at the following villages:-

S. No. Name of Village Date No. of People

1 Khandukhal 20-08-2008 12

2 Benswada 20-08-2008 14

3 Dehalchori 20-08-2008 23

4 Maletha 21-08-2008 11

101. Attendance sheet and Photographs of public consultation are enclosed as Annexure-9.4 and Annexure 9.5 respectively.


7.0 FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

102. It is been evaluated form the impact matrix that the project will not have significant negative environmental impacts and the project would help in improving the socioeconomic conditions of this developing state. As the project falls in category B as per the ADB’s guidelines, no detailed EIA study is required.


8.0 CONCLUSION

103. Based on the environmental assessment and surveys conducted for the project, associated potential adverse environmental impacts can be mitigated to an acceptable level by adequate implementation of the measures as stated in the IEE. Adequate provisions should be made in the project to cover the environmental mitigation and monitoring requirements, and their associated coasts.

104. As already mentioned, new 400 KV substation at Srinagar will evacuate the power of under construction Hydro- electric power projects, improve operational efficiency quality of power, reliability of the system and at the same time will reduce losses. The transmission (400 KV Srinagar- Kashipur line) of power between the two regions (Garhwal-Kumaon) will provide a tremendous boost to the economic and industrial development of Uttarakhand state and will strengthen the power transmission due to addition of this new substation at Srinagar. Overall, the major social and environmental impacts associated with transmission project is limited to the construction period and can be mitigated to an acceptable level by implementation of recommended measures and by best engineering and environmental practices.


Annexure: 1


Annexure: 2


Annexure 3: Demographic Structure of the Substation Location

Name of Town

Area (sq. Km.)

Population

Number of house holds

Number of occupied residential houses

Population density per sq. km.

Sex ratio (families per 1000 males)

Population age 6 years and above

Number of literates age 6 years and above

Literacy rate

Workers and Non-workers total workers

Main workers

Marginal workers

Non-workers

Work participation rate (percent)

Non workers per 1000 workers

Scheduled Castes Population

Percent

Scheduled Tribes Population

per cent

Srinagar 9.659 19861 3972 3938 159 962 14697 11916 83 5876 5236 640 13985 26.36 2671 3549 17.8 595 3.0


Annexure 4: Health and education Facilities of the Project Location

Name of Town

Hospitals Dispensaries Health centers

Family planning centers

Nursing homes

other medical institutions

Total number of beds

Srinagar 3 3 3 3 5 1 500

Name of Town

Number of schools - Primary

Number of schools- Middle

Number of schools- Secondary

Number of schools- Senior secondary

Number of vocational training institutions

Number of polytechnics

Number of colleges offering courses in Arts

Science

Commerce

Medical

Engineering

Law

adult literacy centers

Number of hostels

Number of seats

Srinagar 3 5 2 8 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 4 NA


Annexure 5 : Drinking Water Facilities, Electricity, Fire fighting, Roads at the project Location

Important Drinking water sources

Drinking water source capacity in liters

Electricity (number of connections)

Road length (in km.)

Name of Town

Tap water

Well water

Tank water

Tube well/ hand- pump

Overhead tank

Service reservoir

River infiltration gallery

Pressure tank

Domestic

Industrial

Commercial

Road lighting (points)

Others

Surfaced road

Un surfaced road

Total road length

Fire fighting services - Name of nearest place where available ( if not available in the town

Distance( in km)

Srinagar √ NA √ √

DNA

√ √ √

DNA

DNA

DNA DNA

DNA DNA DNA

DNA

Srinagar 11

Note: (i) NA for Not Available, (ii) DNA for Data Not Available, (iii) √ for Available


Annexure -6 : Economic Structure of the project Areas

Name of Town

Annual income of the town 2007-2008

Annual expenditure of the town 2007-2008

Most important commodities imported

Most important commodities exported

Most important commodities manufactured

Srinagar DNA DNA Food Grains None None



Annexure -7: Sanitary Facilities at the Project Location

Two most prevalent systems of sewerage Number of latrines Two most prevalent methods of disposal of night

soil Name of Town

Sewer

Open surface drains

Box surface drains

Sky drains

Cess pool method

Pit System

Others

Water borne

Service

Others

Head load

Basket

Wheel barrows

Septic tank

Sewer age

pit system

Others

Srinagar

NA √ NA NA NA √ DNA DNA DNA

DNA No No √ √ No √

DNA



Annexure- 8

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (EMP)

Project activity /stage

Potential impact

Proposed mitigation measure

Parameter to be monitored

Measurement and frequency

Institutional responsibility

Implementation Schedule

Pre-construction/ Design-phase

Selection of land Change in land use

1. Avoidance of forest land, cultivable land and built-up area.

2. At least 100 m away from the surface water body

3. Should be away from environmental sensitive locations such as school, colleges, hospitals, religious structures, monuments etc

4. Minimum tree cutting Consultation with local villagers and relevant authorities

Land use of the site and nearby location

Part of detailed design survey

PTCUL During detailed design survey

Equipment Specifications and design parameters

Release of Chemicals and gases in receptors

1. Pollution Control equipments to be used in Substation transformers or other project facilities or equipment.

2. Process, equipment and system not to use CFCs including halon, and their use, if any, in existing processes and systems should be phased out and to be disposed off in a manner consistent with the requirement of the government

1. Transformers design

2. Process, equipment and design

Once during design phase

PTCUL Part of tender specifications for the equipment



Potential impact






Substation location and design

Exposure to noise

Design of plant enclosures to comply with noise regulations.

Expected noise emissions based on substation design

Compliance with regulations - once

PTCUL Part of detailed siting survey and design

Involuntary resettlement or land acquisition

Social inequities

Compensation paid for temporary/ permanent loss of productive land as per LAA & its process

RAP implementation Consultation with affected parties— once in a quarter

PTCUL Prior to construction Phase

Encroachment into precious ecological areas

Loss of precious ecological values/ damage to precious species

Avoid encroachment by careful site and alignment selection

Sub-station location (distance to nearest designated ecological protection area)

Consultation with local authorities— once

PTCUL Part of detailed siting and alignment survey/design

Noise related

Nuisance to neighbouring properties

Substations designed to ensure noise will not be a nuisance.

Noise levels Noise levels to be specified in tender documents—once PTCUL Part of detailed equipment design

PTCUL, Part of detailed equipment design

Designing drainage pattern

Impact on groundwater and nearby agricultural field

Appropriate mitigation measures to be adopted in the design itself to avoid accidental hazards in the drainage system

Ground condition for flow of drain water

Part of detailed design survey

PTCUL Part of detailed alignment survey and design

Transformers designed with oil spill containment systems, and purpose-built oil, lubricant and fuel storage system, complete With spill cleanup equipment.

Equipment specifications with respect to potential pollutants

Tender document to mention specifications— once

PTCUL Escape of polluting materials

Environmental pollution

Substations to include drainage and sewage disposal systems to avoid offsite land and water

Substation sewage design

Tender document to mention detailed specifications— once

PTCUL

Part of detailed equipment design /drawings



Potential impact






pollution. Equipment submerged under flood

Contamination of receptors (land, water)

Substations constructed above the high flood level (HFL) by raising the foundation pad.

Substation design to account for HFL (elevation with respect to HFL elevation)

Base height as per flood design - once

PTCUL Part of detailed substation layout and design /drawings

Explosions/Fire Hazards to life

Design of Substations to include modern fire control systems/firewalls.

Substation design compliance with fire prevention and control codes

Tender document to mention detailed specifications - once

PTCUL Part of detailed substation layout and design /drawings

Rainwater Harvesting

Positive Impact

- - Part of detailed design survey

PTCUL Part of detailed substation design

Uncontrolled erosion/ silt runoff

Soil loss, downstream siltation;

Need for access tracks minimised, use of existing roads.

Design basis and construction procedures (suspended solids in receiving waters; area re-vegetated in m2; amount of bunds constructed [length in meter, area in m2, or volume in m3])

Incorporating good design and construction management practices – once for each site

PTCUL Part of detailed substation design

Construction-Phase



Potential impact






Equipment layout and installation

Noise and vibrations

Construction techniques and machinery selection seeking to minimize ground disturbance.

Construction techniques and machinery

Construction techniques and machinery creating minimal ground disturbance—once at the start of each construction phase

PTCUL / Supervision Consultant/ Contractor

Construction Period

Disturbed nearby farming activities

Construction activities on land timed to avoid disturbance on the nearby field crops (within 1 month of harvest wherever possible)

Time period of available field crop

• Crop disturbance- post harvest

Crops – once


Construction Period

Physical Construction

Felled trees and other cleared or pruned vegetation to be disposed of as authorized by the statutory bodies

Disposal of cleared vegetation as approved by the statutory authorities (area cleared in m2)

Use or intended use of vegetation as approved by the statutory authorities

Amount of ground disturbance - once per site

PTCUL/ Supervision Consultant/ Contractor

Construction Period



Potential impact






Noise, Vibration and Operator safety, efficient operation

• Construction equipment to be well maintained.

• The machines should be properly fitted with silencers

• Regular maintenance of constructional equipments

Turning off plant when not in use

Constructional equipments

Once at the start of constructional activities and at least once during middle of construction stage


Construction Period

Mechanized Construction

Noise, vibration, equipment wear and tear

Proper maintenance and turning off plant not in use.

Construction equipment— estimated noise emissions and operating schedules

Complaints received by local authorities—every 2 weeks

PTCUL, Contractor through contract provisions

Construction Period

Increase in airborne dust particles

Existing roads and tracks used for construction and maintenance access to the line, wherever possible

Access roads, routes (length and width of new access roads to be constructed) nearest dwelling or social institution

Use of established roads wherever possible every 2 weeks


Construction Period

Construction of roads for accessibility

Increased land requirement for temporary accessibility

New access ways restricted to a single carriageway width within the RoW

Access width (meters) & Tower location and line alignment selection (distance to agricultural land)

Consultation with local authorities and land owners- Once


Construction Period



Potential impact






Temporary blockage of utilities

Overflows, reduced discharge

Temporary placement of fill in Drains/canals not permitted.

Temporary fill placement (m3)

Absence of fill in sensitive drainage areas—every 4 weeks

PTCUL Contractor through contract provisions

Construction Period

Site clearance Vegetation Tree clearances for easement establishment to only involve cutting trees off at ground level or pruning as appropriate, with tree stumps and roots left in place and ground cover left undisturbed

Ground disturbance during vegetation clearance (area, m2)

Amount of ground disturbance - every 2 weeks


Construction Period

Wood/ vegetation harvesting

Loss of vegetation and deforestation

Construction workers prohibited from harvesting wood in the project area during their employment (apart from locally employed staff continuing current legal activities).

Illegal wood /vegetation harvesting (area in m2, number of incidents reported)

Complaints by local people or other evidence of illegal harvesting - every 2 weeks

PTCUL /Supervision Consultant/ Contractor

Construction Period

Excess fill from tower foundation excavation disposed of next to roads or around houses, in agreement with the local community or landowner.

Location and amount (m3)of fill disposal

Appropriate fill disposal locations—every 2 weeks


Construction Period

Surplus earthwork/soil

Runoff to cause Construction period water pollution, solid waste disposal Soil excavated from

Sub-station construction Soil disposal locations and volume (m3)

Acceptable soil disposal sites—

1. every 2 weeks

Construction Period



Potential impact






Loss of Soil and soil erosion due to excavation

Fertile Top soil removed for construction shall be used in backfilling for towers and remaining to be spread over in nearby fields

Preservation of top soil

Regular check during excavation activities


Construction Period

Substation Construction

Water pollution

Avoidance of constructional activities during monsoon

pH, BOD, Mg, Na, Ca, K, Total hardness, Fe etc

With approved monitoring agency at construction site as per monitoring plan


Construction Period

Storage of chemicals and materials

Contamination of receptors (land, water, air)

Fuel and other hazardous materials securely stored above high flood level.

Location of hazardous material storage; spill reports (type of material spilled, amount (kg or m3) and action taken to control and clean up spill)

Fuel storage in appropriate locations and receptacles - every 2 weeks


Construction Period

Constructional Schedules

Noise pollution

Constructional activities to be undertaken during day time only and local community shall be informed about the constructional schedule

Time of construction and noise level [dB(A)]

Once in a quarter at construction site


Construction Period



Potential impact






Provision of facilities to the constructional workers

Contamination of receptors (land, air, water)

Proper sanitation, water supply and waste disposal facilities.

Amenities of workforce facilities

Presence of proper sanitation, water supply and waste disposal facilities


Construction Period

Loss of agricultural productivity

• Use existing access roads wherever possible

• Ensure existing irrigation facilities are maintained in working condition

• Protect /preserve topsoil and reinstate after construction completed

• Repair /reinstate damaged bunds etc after construction completed

Usage of existing utilities Status of facilities (earthwork in m3)

Complaints received by local people /authorities - every 2 weeks

PTCUL/ Supervision Consultant/

Construction Period

Encroachment into farmland

Social inequities

Compensation for temporary loss in agricultural production

Implementation of Crop compensation (amount paid, dates, etc.)

Consultation with affected parties – once in a quarter

Contractor Construction Period

Need for access tracks minimised, use of existing roads

Uncontrolled erosion/silt runoff

Soil loss, downstream siltation;

Limit site clearing to work areas

Design basis and construction procedures (suspended solids in receiving waters;

Incorporating good design and construction management practices—once for

PTCUL Contractor through contract provisions

Construction Period



Potential impact






Regeneration of vegetation to stabilize works areas on completion (where applicable)

Avoidance of excavation in wet season

Water courses protected from siltation through use of bunds and sediment ponds

area re-vegetated in m2; amount of bunds const ructed [length in meter, area in m2, or volume in m3])

each site

Flooding hazards due to construction impediments of natural drainage

Flooding and loss of soils, contamination of receptors (land, water)

Avoid natural drainage pattern /facilities being disturbed /blocked /diverted by ongoing construction activities

Contract clauses (e.g., suspended solids and BOD/COD in receiving water)

Incorporating good construction management practices—once for each site

Contractor through contract provisions

Construction Period

Equipment submerged under flood

Contamination of receptors (land, water)

Equipment stored at secure place above the high flood level (HFL)

Store room level to be above HFL (elevation difference in meters)

Store room level as per flood design— once

IA (PTCUL) Construction Period

Inadequate siting of borrow areas

Loss of land values

Existing borrow sites will be used to source aggregates, therefore, no need to develop new sources of aggregates

Contract clauses Incorporating good Construction management practices—once for each site

IA (Contractor through contract provisions

Construction Period



Potential impact






Health and Safety of Workers

Injury and Sickness

1. Safety equipments for constructional workers

2. Contract provisions specifying minimum requirements for construction camps

3. Contractor to prepare and implement health and safety camps

4. Contractor to arrange for health and safety training sessions

5. Contractor to arrange Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) to workers working at construction site

Safety provision during construction; and Contract provision for safety issue

Contract clauses compliance – once every quarter


Construction Period



Potential impact






Inadequate Construction stage monitoring

Likely to maximize damages

1. Training of environmental monitoring personnel

2. Implementation of effective environmental monitoring and reporting system using checklist of all contractual environmental requirements

3. Appropriate contract clauses to ensure satisfactory implementation of contractual environmental mitigation measures

4. Monitoring of Ambient Air and Ambient Noise at construction site

1. Training Schedules

2. Respective contract checklist and remedial actions taken thereof.

3. Compliance report related to environmental aspects for the contract

1. Number of programs attended by each person – once a year

2. Submission of duty completed checklists of all contracts for each site – once

3. Submission of duty completed compliance report for each site – once

4. Monitoring of Ambient Air and Ambient Noise at construction site close to habitations at regular intervals


Construction Period

Tree plantation along the periphery of sub-station

Positive impact

Plantation Tree plantation must be done before cutting of tree and it shall be maintained for minimum 1 year.

Check on planted tree and its maintenance on quarterly basis

PTCUL/ Supervision Consultant/ Forest Department

Construction Period



Potential impact






Provision of Rain water harvesting

Positive impact

As per approved design of rainwater harvesting, it shall be provided within sub-station site. Check on monthly basis


Construction Period

Environmental enhancement along the project site

The Contractor will indentify the location for enhancement and upon approval from PTCUL/ Consultant, the enhancement will be done.

Construction Period

Operation and Maintenance Phase

Oil spillage Contamination of land/nearby water bodies

Substation transformers located within secure and impervious bunded areas with a storage capacity of at least 100% of the capacity of oil in transformers and associated reserve tanks

Substation bunding (“as-built” diagrams)

Bunding capacity and permeability - once

PTCUL During Operation

Careful design using appropriate technologies to minimise hazards

Usage of appropriate technologies (lost work days due to illness and injuries)

Preparedness level for using these technologies in crisis – once each year

Safety awareness rising for staff.

Inadequate provision of staff/workers health and safety during operations

Injury and sickness of staff /workers

Preparation of fire emergency action plan and training given to staff on implementing emergency action plan

Training/awareness programs and mock drills

Number of programs and percent of staff /workers covered – once each year




Potential impact






Provide adequate sanitation and medical facilities

Provision of facilities Complaints received from staff /workers every 2 weeks

Careful design using appropriate technologies to minimise hazards

Usage of appropriate technologies (number of injury incidents, lost work days)

Preparedness level for using these technologies in crisis – once a month

Security fences around substations/powerhouse/ head works

Maintenance of fences

Barriers to prevent climbing on/dismantling of transmission towers

Maintenance of barriers

Appropriate warning signs on facilities

Maintenance of warning signs

Report on maintenance – every 2 weeks

PTCUL Electric Shock Hazards

Injury/mortality to staff and public

Electricity safety awareness raising in project areas

Training /awareness programs and mock drills for all concerned parties

Number of programs and percent of total persons covered – once each year

During Operation

Adequate training in O&M to all relevant staff of substations and transmission line maintenance crews.

Operations and maintenance staff skills less than acceptable

Unnecessary environmental losses of various types

Preparation and training in the use of O&M manuals and standard operating practices.

Training/awareness programs and mock drills for all relevant staff

Number of programs and percent of staff covered – once each year


Inadequate periodic environmental monitoring

Diminished ecological and social values.

IA staff to receive training in environmental monitoring of project operations and maintenance activities.

Training/awareness programs and mock drills for all relevant staff

Number of programs and percent of staff covered – once each year




Potential impact






Noise generating equipments

Nuisance to neighbouring properties

Equipments to be well installed with noise absorbing techniques Noise barriers

Noise level in dB (A) Every month or as desired in consultation with affected parties (if any)



Annexure 9.1


Annexure 9.2 (a)

Public Information

General public is hereby informed that construction of Extra High Voltage, 400KV Substation at Srinagar, District Pauri is proposed with the financial assistance of Asian Development Bank. The purpose is to evacuate the power from the various Hydro Electric power houses under construction/ proposal nearby.

Following points are for your awareness:-

1. Sate of Uttarakhand will progress by leaps and bounce due to more power generated , as the state will get free 12% of the generated electric power as well as the transmission charges by transmitting the electric power. Thus the state will get more revenue and more electric power. You all will get uninterrupted electric power supply due to this more power generated. The extra revenue generated will be used in various development activities of state, which will increase your living standards.

2. Construction of this substation will generate local employment, as large number of unskilled labors (men/women) will be required at the time of construction activities. Completion period of this project will be around 2-3 years. Local employment which you get during this period will increase your living standards.

PTCUL Department needs your co-operation for successful completion of this project. Let us together contribute for the prosperity of the state.

Thank You.

By-

Dy. General Manager Power Transmission Corporation of (ADB Project works) Uttarakhand Ltd. Urja Bhavan Compound (A Government of Uttarakhand Kanwali Road , Dehradun Undertaking) Ph. No. 0135-2761587


Annexure-9.2 (b)

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Annexure-9.3(a)

Public Consultation and Awareness Program

(ADB Financed Project, PFR-III)

Name of Project: Construction of 400 KV Substation Srinagar Following General Knowledge was shared /imparted during the Public Consultation and Awareness Program.

(1) Are you aware of the project?

(2) How this will benefit you personally society and state as a whole?

(3) What are the environmental issues related to the project?

(4) What are the disadvantages and how these can be mitigated?

(5) Considering all the positive & negative factors, should the project be implemented or not?

Dy. General Manager (ADB Project works)

Urja Bhavan Compound Kanwali Road, Dehradun

Ph. No. 0135-2761587


Annexure-9.3(b)

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Annexure 9.4


Annexure 9.5

DELCHAURI

DELCHAURI


DELCHAURI

DELCHAURI

INITIAL ENVIRONMENTAL EXAMINATION REPORT FOR …...Power Transmission Corporation of Uttarakhand...

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Transcript of INITIAL ENVIRONMENTAL EXAMINATION REPORT FOR …...Power Transmission Corporation of Uttarakhand...