Information Needs for Information Needs for Integrated Water Resources Integrated Water Resources

ManagementManagement

MP Nepfumbada, E. Braune & BR MadikizelaMP Nepfumbada, E. Braune & BR MadikizelaDepartment of Water Affairs & ForestryDepartment of Water Affairs & Forestry

Presentation at the OECD SA WorkshopPresentation at the OECD SA Workshop2121--22 November 200522 November 2005

DEPARTMENT: WATER AFFAIRS AND FORESTRY

Focus of PresentationFocus of PresentationScience base of IWRMScience base of IWRMDirections in Water Resources Information Directions in Water Resources Information Management Management Towards water wisdomTowards water wisdomSome success storiesSome success storiesStrategic issues for Information / Strategic issues for Information / Knowledge Management Knowledge Management Concluding remarksConcluding remarks

Progression of Water Resource Progression of Water Resource ManagementManagement

Key transition:Key transition:

Point problems Point problems Basin contextBasin contextAnthropocentric Anthropocentric Natural capitalNatural capitalHeroic engineeringHeroic engineering Uncertain scienceUncertain scienceTechnocratic Technocratic DemocraticDemocraticDesign life Design life Sustainable futureSustainable future

Malcolm Newson on Catchment managementMalcolm Newson on Catchment management

South Africa’s National Water Act, 1998South Africa’s National Water Act, 1998

Fundamental reform of water lawFundamental reform of water lawUltimate aim: Ultimate aim: sustainable use of water sustainable use of water resources for benefit of all usersresources for benefit of all usersNeed for protection of water resourcesNeed for protection of water resourcesNeed for integrated management enabling Need for integrated management enabling participation by all participation by all

Integrated Water Resources ManagementIntegrated Water Resources Management

(IWRM from National Water Resources Strategy) :(IWRM from National Water Resources Strategy) :

a process which promotes coordinated a process which promotes coordinated development and management of water, land development and management of water, land and related resources in order to maximize and related resources in order to maximize the resultant economic and social welfare in the resultant economic and social welfare in an equitable manner without compromising an equitable manner without compromising the sustainability of vital ecosystems.the sustainability of vital ecosystems.

Integrated Water Resources Integrated Water Resources ManagementManagement

IWRM therefore aims to strike a balance between IWRM therefore aims to strike a balance between the use of resources for livelihoods and the use of resources for livelihoods and conservation of the resource to sustain its conservation of the resource to sustain its functions for future generations, and promotes functions for future generations, and promotes social equity, environmental sustainability and social equity, environmental sustainability and economic efficiency. economic efficiency.

Because the resource cannot be considered Because the resource cannot be considered separately from the people who use and manage separately from the people who use and manage it, it, a balanced mix of technological and social a balanced mix of technological and social approaches must be used to achieve approaches must be used to achieve integrated management.integrated management.

ex Global Water Partnership ex Global Water Partnership

CoCo--ManagementManagementManagement of finite natural resources needs cooperation of Management of finite natural resources needs cooperation of

a wide spectrum of role players to achieve sustainable a wide spectrum of role players to achieve sustainable developmentdevelopment

Government Government (Service Institutions)(Service Institutions)

Civil SocietyCivil SocietyScienceScience

CoCo--Management (2)Management (2)

Partnerships as a key strategyPartnerships as a key strategyCooperative government (must be Cooperative government (must be institutionalized)institutionalized)Public Public –– private sector compactprivate sector compactMore local governance of local resourcesMore local governance of local resourcesCivil society as crucial playerCivil society as crucial playerGovernment and S&T sectorGovernment and S&T sector

South African Society Of Aquatic Scientists Conference, 2004South African Society Of Aquatic Scientists Conference, 2004

Transforming Transforming SA’sSA’s Water SectorWater Sector

WSP

DWAF RO

WRM WS

CMA

DWAF HO

WUA

Water Boards

national

regional

WMA

local

Scale

Function

NWRI

WSA

Information Management in relation to DWAF’s Key Focus Information Management in relation to DWAF’s Key Focus AreasAreas

1 2 3 4….ŋ

Water Resource Assessment

Data Management

Data Acquisition

Guidelines and Standards

Governance

9.3b National Information Systems

9.3a National Monitoring Systems

Auditing

6. Equitable supply 7. Resource Protection 8. Effective WMIs10-14. Water Services

Local Government Link

9.1 Strategic direction 9.2 Catchment Management direction

9.5 Empowered Stakeholders

15. IWRM promoted in Africa

9.4

Empo

wer

ed S

taff

17. E

ffect

ive

adm

inis

trat

ion

Clie

nts

Chapter 14 of NWA Mandate for Chapter 14 of NWA Mandate for Information ManagementInformation Management

Establish national monitoring systemsEstablish national monitoring systems(to assess quantity, quality and use of water (to assess quantity, quality and use of water resources and health of aquatic ecosystems as resources and health of aquatic ecosystems as well as changing atmospheric conditions) well as changing atmospheric conditions) Establish national information systemsEstablish national information systemson water resources for the above information on water resources for the above information (including a national register of all water use (including a national register of all water use authorizations)authorizations)Ensure access to this informationEnsure access to this informationEstablish mechanisms to coordinate Establish mechanisms to coordinate monitoringmonitoring

Hierarchy of WR Information StakeholdersHierarchy of WR Information Stakeholders

NATIONALNATIONAL

REGONAL/PROVINCIAL/CMAREGONAL/PROVINCIAL/CMA

LOCALLOCAL

National/Strategic information

Provincial/Water Mgt Area•e.g. compliance information

Water User/Local information •Of local significance is Implementation)

High level Roles, Strategic responsibilities in High level Roles, Strategic responsibilities in DWAF context DWAF context

NATIONALNATIONAL

REGONAL/PROVINCIAL/CMAREGONAL/PROVINCIAL/CMA

LOCALLOCAL

National OfficeNational Office••OversightOversight••National M&ENational M&E••Policy mgt (implementation, interpretation)Policy mgt (implementation, interpretation)••Dev. national guidelines and regulations Dev. national guidelines and regulations

Regional Coordination & SupportRegional Coordination & Support••Ensuring proper implementation of Ensuring proper implementation of national norms & standardsnational norms & standards••Integrated management of the resourceIntegrated management of the resource

SUPPORT (Regional) SUPPORT (Regional) ••Overall GuidanceOverall Guidance••Ensure alignment with national Ensure alignment with national guidelines and regulationsguidelines and regulations(Of local significance is (Of local significance is Implementation)Implementation)

Functional Components of a Functional Components of a Monitoring Framework.Monitoring Framework.

USER CENTRIC APPROACHUSER CENTRIC APPROACHInformation Generation

and Dissemination

Data Storage and Management

Data Acquisition

Programme 1

Programme 2

Programme n

Information users

Operation

Design

IT Infrastructure (H/W, S/W, Applications)

Institutional Arrangements for Water Environ.Institutional Arrangements for Water Environ.& Implication for Monitoring Governance& Implication for Monitoring Governance

MinisteMinisterr

DWAF HODWAF HO

RegionsRegions

International International bodiesbodies

CMACMA

WUAWUA

WSAWSA

WSPWSP

MunicipMunicipal Entityal Entity

WaterWaterBoardBoard

Water Resources Management Water Services

Statutory Accountability

contract

cooperation/ consultation

accountability

accountability

representation/cooperation

accountability

servicescontract

servicescontract

oversightsupport

NWRIANWRIA

Statutory Accountability WRCWRC

cooperation/ consultation

Examples of Information productsExamples of Information products

Comparison of storage in major reservoirs (July 2004 vs July 2005)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

A B C D E G H J K L M N Q R S T U V W X

Primary Drainage Region

Perc

enta

ge o

f FSC

July-2004 July-2005

02468

10121416

Water Managment Areas

Num

ber o

f site

s A

sses

sed

Oligotrophic Mesotrophic Eutrophic Hypertrophic

Information Systems RequirementsInformation Systems Requirements

Iterative,Participative& Continuos

Improvement

1Strategic Planning

2Water Resource

Monitoring

3Catchment Situation

Assessment4

Set Resource Quality Objectives

5Develop a Catchment Management Strategy

6CMS

Implementation7

Compliance Monitoring

8Audit Resource

Quality Management

9Effect Change

Societal & Env. Benefits:

SustainableClean Waterfor Social, Ecological

&Economical

Needs

Constitution, NWA’98, Environmental Act

Informationon theWater

ResourceSituation

WR Functional ContextWR Functional ContextWR Functional Context

Human Resources, Funding, Stakeholders,Water Use Associations, CMAs

Information System NeedsInformation System Needs

Systems withWater Resource, Geographic, Demographic

& Economic Information

Systems to Simulate WaterSupply System’s

Behavior

Systems to SupportDecision Making Process

Systems to SupportDecision Making Process

Systems forintegratedresourceanalysis

Systems SupportingStakeholderInteraction

Systems to Simulate ResourceBehavior

Systems SupportingMonitoringPrograms

1Strategic Planning

2Water Resource

Monitoring

3Catchment Situation

Assessment4

Set Resource Quality Objectives

5Develop a Catchment Management Strategy

6CMS

Implementation7

Compliance Monitoring

8Audit Resource

Quality Management

9Effect Change

Systems forIntegratedResourceAnalysis

Systems to Simulate ResourceBehavior

Systems SupportingMonitoringPrograms

Systems to Simulate WaterSupply System’s

and Pollution Behavior

SystemsSupporting

LicenseAdministration

Systems to SupportDecision Making Process

Information Support to CMAsInformation Support to CMAs

CMA1

CMA2

CMAx

GIS

M1 M2 M3

I1 I2 I3 I4 Ix

DEAT

DWAF

ARC

SAWS

Future IWRM Environment

Contributing data, information and system support

Information ManagementToolbox

for CMAsIWRM

decision making

Need for Water WisdomNeed for Water Wisdom

““Water wisdom is the attitude, Water wisdom is the attitude, understanding, knowledge and understanding, knowledge and competency that our society needs to use competency that our society needs to use water effectively and efficiently in the water effectively and efficiently in the interest of all users”interest of all users”

DWAF (2005). Managing Water Wisely in South AfricaDWAF (2005). Managing Water Wisely in South Africa--Report to UNESCOReport to UNESCO

Vision:Vision:QualityQuality information and information and adviceadvice is is utilizedutilized for the management and for the management and

protection of South Africa’s water protection of South Africa’s water resources by resources by empoweredempowered

stakeholdersstakeholders

Transforming the way WR InformationTransforming the way WR Informationis Managed is Managed

Strategic issues for Information / Strategic issues for Information / Knowledge ManagementKnowledge Management

Appropriate information systems and processesAppropriate information systems and processesInformation Sharing networks (e.g. Information Sharing networks (e.g. WaterlitWaterlit; WIN; ; WIN; Local Government Knowledge Sharing Programme)Local Government Knowledge Sharing Programme)New ways of sharing / disseminating information (e.g. New ways of sharing / disseminating information (e.g. information clearing houses; science communication)information clearing houses; science communication)Assurance of wide access to knowledge and Assurance of wide access to knowledge and information (e.g. resource centers)information (e.g. resource centers)OneOne--stopstop--service to stakeholdersservice to stakeholdersAchieve economies of scale in information Achieve economies of scale in information management management

Strategic issues for Information / Strategic issues for Information / Knowledge ManagementKnowledge Management

Sustainable organizational capability Sustainable organizational capability Recognition of new global environmentRecognition of new global environmentKnowledge partnerships (national / international)Knowledge partnerships (national / international)Intelligent financingIntelligent financingAbility to manage organizational relationshipsAbility to manage organizational relationshipsCapacityCapacity--building at all levelsbuilding at all levelsDedicated Education & Training programmesDedicated Education & Training programmesPeople as no.1 asset People as no.1 asset

Successful collaborative programmes for Successful collaborative programmes for knowledge development / sharingknowledge development / sharing

DWAFDWAF--UNESCOUNESCO--IHP initiative to assess E&T IHP initiative to assess E&T needs for IWRM and establish a framework for needs for IWRM and establish a framework for networking E&T users and providers.networking E&T users and providers.

FETFET--Water:Water:

EC initiative to promote remote sensing for water EC initiative to promote remote sensing for water resources management in Africa.resources management in Africa.

TIGER:TIGER:

UNEP programme for a network of key water UNEP programme for a network of key water quality monitoring stations for global level quality monitoring stations for global level assessment of water resource quality.assessment of water resource quality.

UNEPUNEP--GEMS:GEMS:

WMO support programme for a shared network WMO support programme for a shared network of key country hydrological stations.of key country hydrological stations.

SADC HYCOS:SADC HYCOS:

UNESCO IHP programme of water resource UNESCO IHP programme of water resource characterization for the SADC region.characterization for the SADC region.

SADC FRIEND:SADC FRIEND:

Towards Indicators for the Knowledge BaseTowards Indicators for the Knowledge BasePresent indicators are largely inputPresent indicators are largely input--based, e.g. R&D based, e.g. R&D expenditure.expenditure.Possible future indicators of impact of “Water Possible future indicators of impact of “Water Wisdom”:Wisdom”:

InputInputExtent of use of South African expertiseExtent of use of South African expertise

ProcessProcessLevel of participation in WR monitoring and Level of participation in WR monitoring and managementmanagement

Role of media in water awareness buildingRole of media in water awareness building

OutcomeOutcomeEffectiveness of public and sector’s ability to Effectiveness of public and sector’s ability to manage water wiselymanage water wisely

Effectiveness of IWRMEffectiveness of IWRM

Concluding RemarksConcluding RemarksKey AMCOW Recommendations on Ensuring Water WisdomKey AMCOW Recommendations on Ensuring Water Wisdom

To reach the African Water Vision of sustainable water managemenTo reach the African Water Vision of sustainable water management t and to meet the and to meet the MDGsMDGs in the water sector in Africa, the in the water sector in Africa, the biggest biggest challenge areachallenge area that must be addressed up front and as part of all other that must be addressed up front and as part of all other challenge areas is challenge areas is human and institutional capacity buildinghuman and institutional capacity building. Because . Because of past neglect, political will and a strategic approach is esseof past neglect, political will and a strategic approach is essential. ntial.

A golden opportunity should be grasped of linking capacity A golden opportunity should be grasped of linking capacity building strategically to water resource management through its building strategically to water resource management through its systematic inclusion into the IWRM plans, which each country is systematic inclusion into the IWRM plans, which each country is to have in place by 2005.to have in place by 2005.

Pan African Implementation Conf. on Water, Addis Ababa 2003 Pan African Implementation Conf. on Water, Addis Ababa 2003

Concluding Remarks (2)Concluding Remarks (2)ProcessesProcesses need to be established or enforced to need to be established or enforced to link the science link the science community to decisioncommunity to decision--makers and civil societymakers and civil society. This needs to be . This needs to be organized on both the national and regional levels under AMCOW organized on both the national and regional levels under AMCOW leadership and with coordinated engagement by the international leadership and with coordinated engagement by the international community. community.

The African Network of IHP National Committees could provide a The African Network of IHP National Committees could provide a major contribution to this linkage, therefore needs to be major contribution to this linkage, therefore needs to be significantly reinforced and connected to the AMCOW process. significantly reinforced and connected to the AMCOW process.

Pan African Implementation Conf. on Water, Addis Ababa 2003 Pan African Implementation Conf. on Water, Addis Ababa 2003

Concluding Remarks (3)Concluding Remarks (3)

Specific focus to be placed on the following:Specific focus to be placed on the following:Integrated approach to capacity Integrated approach to capacity buildingbuildingand capacity and capacity developmentdevelopmentSupport to institutions essentialSupport to institutions essentialBuild strong partnershipsBuild strong partnershipsA coordinated approach to global & A coordinated approach to global & national programmesnational programmes

Thank You!Thank You!