Inform, V. Oed

7212019 Inform V Oed

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullinform-v-oed 114



100216 1098309840inform v Oxford English Dictionary

Pagina 2 van 14httpwwwoedcomezproxyleidenunivnl2048viewEntry95559rskey=1iBIOXampresult=6ampprint

1440 Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl 221) 261 Informyn or techyn informo instruo

a1500 tr Thomas agrave Kempis De Imitatione Christi (Trin Dublin) (1893) 70 ( MED) Visite me lorde

ofte tymes amp enforme wi disciplines of konnyng

a1500 (c1340) R R OLLE Psalter (Univ Oxf 64) (1884) xxxi 10 Vndirstandynge i sall gif till e and i

sall enfourme [L instruam] e

1521 A B ARCLAY Bk Codrus amp Mynalcas sig D His sight enfourmeth the rude and ignorant

1526 Bible ( Tyndale ) 1 Cor ii 16 For who knoweth the mynde of the lorde other who shall informehym

1589 T N ASHE Almond for Parrat sig 10 The nouice that comes to be informed desireth to enforme

others before he bee enformed himselfe

1621 R BURTON Anat Melancholy I II IV ii 194 That leaues his son to a covetous Schoolmaster to be

informed

1666 BP S P ARKER Free Censvre Platonick Philos (1667) 77 A huge lushious stilerather loaths and

nauceats a discreet understanding than informs and nourishes it

1710 J NORRIS Treat Christian Prudence vii 327 The Prudent Christian will be sure to give all

diligence to inform his Conscience aright in the full extent of his Christian Duty that so he may neither act wrong nor be accountable for not knowing what was right

1791 W GIFFORD Baviad 256 So may thy varied verse from age to age Inform the simple and delight

the sage

a1795 S BISHOP Poet Wks (1796) II 99 Sense quick to learn and glad tinform

1824 G W DOANE Songs by Way 23 Thou only canst inform the mind

1878 J MORLEY J de Maistre in Crit Misc 137 To guide and inform an universal conscience

1927 Hispania 10 409 He desires that beautiful fiction be based on truth and observation it may

teach and informand it must be moral to be beautiful

1959 D JOHNSTON In Search of Swift ii 11 Whatcould be more convenient and authentic than a mansown account of himselfmdashalways assuming that his intention is to inform us and not the reverse

1993 A R A MMONS Garbage 50 The words do for us what other languages do for othersmdashthey warn

inform reassure compare present

b To train or instruct (a person) in a particular course of action to

educate or give information about some subject doctrine etc to teach

or apprise how to do something Also intrChiefly with about as to on or subordinate clause formerly also with daggerin daggerof daggerto daggerwith or with

infinitive

c1384 Bible ( Wycliffite EV ) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Dan xii 3 Thei that lernen or enfourmen [L

erudiunt ] manye to ritwijsnesse

a1400 (a1325) Medit on Supper of our Lord (Harl) l 238 ( MED) $ou mayst se How he enformed

hem yn charyte

a1425 (c1380) CHAUCER tr Boethius De Consol Philos I pr iii 66 [Socrates Zeno etc] weren

enformyd [L instituti ] of myne [sc Philosophys] maneris

c1480 (a1400) St Nicholas 55 in W M Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc Dial (1896) I 482 His

fadirgert informe hyme besyly In liberale hartis sutely

1528 J SKELTON Honorificatissimo Replycacion agaynst Yong Scolers sig Aii They were but febly v





enformed in maister Porphiris problemes

c1540 (a1400) Destr Troy III (heading) Medea enformed Iason to get the fflese of Golde

1589 G PUTTENHAM Arte Eng Poesie I xxvi 42 Musiciansby good admonitions enformed them to the

frugall amp thriftie life all the rest of their dayes

1607 S HIERON Platforme of Obedience in Wks (1620) I 334 First to teach vs to eschew Euill and

then to enforme vs how to doe good

1671 W S ALMON Synopsis Medicinaelig Introd 3 Physical Preceptsonly grosly inform the Mind how toCure Diseases

1736 BP J BUTLER Analogy of Relig II viii 282 Nor are we informed by Nature in future

Contingencies and Accidents

1775 R B SHERIDAN Rivals Pref p viii For on subjects on which the mind has been much informed

invention is slow of exerting itself

1794 R J SULIVAN View of Nature II 70 The end of chymistrywas to discover and to be informed of

the nature of bodies and their action one upon another

1855 Debows Rev Feb 201 That individual or society which shall inform us how to make two bushels

of corngrow with the same amount of labor that is now expended on one bushelwill double theproductive industry of the State

1880 B DISRAELI Endymion II lxi 255 It must be a mindfairly informed on the questions involved in

the wealth of nations

1926 Jrnl Royal Inst Internat Affairs 5 306 If we are to regard it as a popular book addressed to the

general public and informing them as to the recent progress in the revision of the verdict of

Versailles it is worse than useless

1974 Newsweek 6 May 75 In my very next column it will be my duty to informreaders how they can

successfully lsquodisintermediatersquo

2003 M K RAAK

amp F ORMELING

Cartography (ed 2) xi 1681 Maps can function as an index to the dataavailable as part of a search engine or just as maps informing about geospatial structure and

patterns

c To give (a person) instructions or directions for action to instruct

direct tell to do something

a1387 J TREVISA tr R Higden Polychron (St Johns Cambr) (1871) III 35 ( MED) $e peple is

enformed to be boxom to e princes

a1393 GOWER Confessio Amantis (Fairf) VII l 4098 To don as he was last enformed

a1425 (c1384) W YCLIF Sel Eng Wks (1871) III 351 And ei enformen er countreis to holde stifli

wi er pope

c1449 R PECOCK Repressor (1860) 66 Enformyng and tising ther to vnsufficientli leerned clerkis

1560 T NORTON Orations of Arsanes sig Liiij Yet must I admonishe you to call to mynde and most

principally enforme you to considerthat the case is also sondry wayes your owne

1592 R GREENE Philomela sig K This I am by God informed to confesse

1619 P H ANNAY Happy Husband sig I3 Now the World hath enformed me to fall

1661 Pagitts Heresiogr (ed 6) 201 But the voice from Heaven enformed him otherwise Bade him

Rise kill eat

1740 W SHENSTONE Judgm Hercules 268 And gentle zephyrsFor thy repose informTheir streams to

v

v





murmur and their winds to sigh

1807 J B ARLOW Columbiad IX 322 At last a soil more fixt and streams more sweet Inform the wretched

migrant where to seat

1851 H M AYHEW London Labour I 3641 A mark being placed on the door post of such as are lsquobonersquo or

lsquogammyrsquo in order to inform the rest of lsquothe schoolrsquo where to call and what houses to avoid

1901 Times 23 Nov 161 I have also been informed to write to you by your wife

1988 Times 10 Sept 493 Lords have instructed me to inform Goochnot to talk

2002 This Day ( Nigeria ) (Nexis) 8 May Oliwe said that God informed him not to be afraid of other

presidential aspirants with big names because he will emerge victorious

d To direct guide Now rare (chiefly poet)

1637 MILTON Comus 7 Where else Shall I informe my unacquainted feet In the blind mazes of this

tangled wood

1671 MILTON Samson Agonistes 335 If old respecthither hath informd Your younger feet1827 J MITFORD Proem p lxix Meek Lord of life thy steps no more Be seen on Salems winding shore

Nor thy mild lips in converse sweet More inform our willing feet

1846 J K EBLE Lyra Innocentium 211 Strange powers their course inform

1903 R K IPLING Five Nations Ded p v Before a midnight breaks in storm Or herded sea in wrath Ye

know what wavering gusts inform The greater tempests path

2 To impart knowledge of some particular fact occurrence situation etc

a trans With the party informed as object to tell (a person or group)

something to acquaint with to apprise ofChiefly with about of or with subordinate clause formerly also with daggerin daggerwith

1384 in R W Chambers amp M Daunt Bk London Eng (1931) 30 ( MED) To enfourme hym that John

Norhampton was the beste ma[ir] that euer [was]

1419 in H Nicolas Proc amp Ordinances Privy Council (1834) II 248 ( MED) I am enfourmed that ther

be passet certain writtes ayeinWilliam Philip

1529 MORE in W B Scoones Four Cent Eng Lett (1880) 11 I am enfourmed by my son Heron of the

loss of our barnes

c1540 (a1400) Destr Troy 3011 He was enformyt before of at fre lady $at ho to

Castoraccounttid was euon And to Pollux pure suster

1548 Halls Vnion Henry VIII f cxli Some haue enformed me that my realme was neuer so riche

1651 R B AXTER Plain Script Proof 116 They were enformed that Paul taught the dispersed Jews not to

circumcise their children

1655 tr Mary Queen of Scots Let in T Fuller Church-hist Brit IX 100 I have for that cause informed

the Bishop of Dublin with all mine occurrences

1713 J A DDISON Cato V i 24 This in a moment brings me to an end But this informs me I shall never

die

1718 L ADY M W MONTAGU Let 4 Jan (1965) I 371 I woud gladly be informd of the News amongst

you

v





1787 William of Normandy II 10 Soon were they informed the deceitful cause

1841 I DISRAELI Amenities Lit II 204 Ascham informs us thatElizabeth understood Greek better

than the canons of Windsor

1860 J T YNDALL Glaciers of Alps I ii 13 We were informed of the descent of an avalanche by the sound

1877 My Mother-in-Law xii 112 lsquoBaby is not very well Charliersquo Bessie informed me

1888 MRS H W ARD Robert Elsmere III VI xliii 254 The Frenchmanhad been informed about him

1944 P CHEYNEY They never say When xi 172 It seems an amazing thing that you didnt inform

someone about this

1976 F HOWERD On Way I lost It (1977) i 11 As a child I am reliably informed I was quite beautiful

1992 W H B ARTSCH Doomed at Start i 32 Assembled in the barracks area the personnel of the 3rd

Pursuit were informed the reason for the unexpected order

2006 NY Times (National ed) 29 Aug C35 The term badware describes a wide array of

downloadable applications that try to install extra components on a computer without clearly

informing users of what they are or what they will do

b trans With the information given as object and the party informed

as indirect object to tell a person (something) to report relate (a piece

of information account etc) to another party Now rareCf the construction with to in sense 2c The thing told may in passive construction be expressed by

the pronoun it introducing a subordinate clause (lsquoit was informed me thatrsquo) this is distinguished

from the construction with subordinate clause in sense 2a in that the passive form of the latter has

the person as subject (lsquoI was informed thatrsquo) Since the indirect object of an active verb may be

made the subject of a passive verb a passive construction with the person informed as subject

might be regarded as belonging to either sense

a1425 (c1400) Mandevilles Trav (Titus Cxvi) (1919) 54 He commandedto enforme me pleynly

all the mysteries

a1470 M ALORY Morte Darthur (Winch Coll 13) (1990) I 265 For as hit is enfourmed me thouhaste

done me grete despyte and shame unto knyghtes of the Rounde Table

1523 LD BERNERS tr J Froissart Cronycles I cclv 378 The vicount of Rochechoart was had in suspecte

for it was enfourmed the prince howe he wolde turne frenche

1548 Halls Vnion Henry VIII f lxi It is informed vs that your young and ryotous people will ryse

1650 S SHEPPARD Amandus amp Sophronia v 123 Crates soon took off her wonder informing her the

occasion of her arrivall

1663 J HEATH Chron Late Intestine Warr sig L6 It was informed my Lord Hopton that the Army

was wasted with sickness

1765 G COLMAN tr Terence Self-Tormenter III ii in tr Terence Comedies 256 Did not you inform him

The bent of my affections

1803 R SOUTHEY Select from Lett (1856) I 46 My mother will inform you my town direction as soon

as I have one

1810 Ho Lancaster I 149 I am compelled to inform you the reason of the meeting

c1860 J PILGRIM Irish Assurance amp Yankee Modesty II iii 19 Perhaps you can inform me the meaning

of this coxcombs behavior

1922 Times 30 Aug 141 We have preferred to inform you the actual amount which was lost during the

four months the collieries were idle





1960 R GRAVES Penny Fiddle 14 So homeward went I but could not understand Why six fine dog-

badgers with white wands in hand Should seek me out hoeing and bow in a ring And all to

inform me so common a thing

c trans With the information given (in later use chiefly a subordinate

clause) as object to report or recount (a piece of information etc) to

relate (something) to another party Now rareOccas with some implication of providing accusatory information cf sense 4

a1533 LD BERNERS tr A de Guevara Golden Bk M Aurelius (1546) sig Miij It shulde be informed to

the senate

1557 T NORTH tr A de Guevara Diall Princes 134 b The sonne informed the quarel to the Phylosopher

a1586 SIR P SIDNEY Arcadia (1593) V sig Qq4 Whatsoeuer hath bene enformed was my fault

a1616 SHAKESPEARE Alls Well that ends Well (1623) IV i 84 Haply thou mayst informe Something to

saue thy life

1636 W L AUD Ann Accts Province in Hist Troubles (1695) 538 My Lord the Bishop informs that the

County is very full of Impropriations

1655 E NICHOLAS Nicholas Papers (1892) II 311 Admittingall to bee true which hee hath informed

can there bee a greater act of baseness then to betray a confident

1681 BP G BURNET Hist Reformation 2nd Pt 67 It being informed to the Council that Gardiner had

written to some of that Board

1711 Light to Blind in 10th Rep Royal Comm Hist MSS (1885) App V 142 A deserter came from the

English army into the town and informed that there was eight pieces of battering-cannonon the

roade from Dublin

1743 R POCOCKE Descr East I 119 My servant talkdas if he was a spy and had informd what presents

I had made

1768 J BLAIR Let 12 July in William amp Mary Q (2000) 87 139 I beg leave to informthat the Councill

have by me paid the passage to London of a most unfortunate Algereen young man named Salim

1804 W CLARK Jrnl 8 June in Jrnls Lewis amp Clark Exped (1986) II 287 Our Spies inform that the

Country they passed throis a fine high bottom

1809 S T COLERIDGE Coll Lett (1959) III 201 Our Grocerinformsthat nothing can be more irregular

than portages sent per waggon to Penrith thro the Yorkshire Road

1936 M R A NAND Coolie v 340 lsquoA boy taken ill Sarkarrsquo one of the coolies informed

1996 Amer Antiq 61 4302 No preface is provided to inform that most papers were originally oral

presentations at an organized symposium

d intr To give information to report relate

1569 T NORTON To Queenes Deceiued Subj sig Bj Finally they enforme of a great purpose of

strangers to correcte and chasten vs to the hazard of the Realme which they wil auoyd by

hazarding it themselues

a1616 SHAKESPEARE Macbeth (1623) I v 32 Is not thy Master with him who wert so Would haueinformd for preparation

v





1656 T STANLEY Hist Philos II IV facing p 4 They held that the Senses inform not alwaies truly

1683 N LUTTRELL Diary in Brief Hist Relation State Affairs (1857) I 287 Letters from Hungary inform

of the good news of the emperors forceshaveing taken Gran

1741 in G Ogle tr Chaucer Canterbury Tales II 107 Now Goddess entring view the Dome of State

Do thou inform and give me to relate

1837 Family Mag 4562 The privateer perceiving his change of course instantly put up her helm also

and despatching a forty-two pound shot to inform of that fact gave him chase1877 J J M ACDONALD Poems 14 Science informs of a place thats below Whose nature inspires us with

nothing but woe

1961 Times 24 May 86 Norman Herbert Jonespleaded Not Guilty tofailing to notify flight plans at

Denham Buckinghamshire and to inform of his landing at Denham

1989 Mod Law Rev 52 797 The basis of the patients claim is essentially the doctors failure to inform

of risks

1997 Integrated Strategies for Safety amp Environment (OECD) 71 The individual route guidance

system for carsinforms about car parks with vacancies and recommends switching to public

transport as appropriate

e trans Science In extended use to send information or data about a

situation or action to (something inanimate or impersonal)

1868 Jrnl Anthropol Soc 6 p xxxii A fly settles on the cheek and irritates the skin the afferent or

sensory nerve by a flash from the spinal cord informs the brain and that instantly wills its

removal

1930 Sci Monthly Dec 5471 Over these nerves travel the messages which inform the brain about our

physical environment

1962 Amer Zoologist 2 372 Without spontaneous discharge a single ending would be unable to

inform the central nervous system of angular acceleration in both directions

1984 P SIMMONS Further Pract Microelectronics ii 69 The receiving devices pull this pin low to

inform the PPI that it has read the data sent

2008 J M G ARRIDO amp R SCHLESINGER Princ Mod Operating Syst ix 239 When a device is turned on

it automatically informs the operating system that it is present

dagger3 trans To impart knowledge of (a subject doctrine method of action etc) to give

instruction in to teach

a With the thing taught as object and the party instructed as indirect

object to teach a person (something) to instruct in (a subject etc)

Obs

a1393 GOWER Confessio Amantis (Fairf) I l 2669 ( MED) I wol suie What thing that ye me wole

enforme

a1500 (c1450) Merlin (1899) 5 So he taught and enformed hem here creaunce and feith

1529 in Vicarys Anat Bodie of Man (1888) App xiv 252 No personeshall enfourme or teche eny Foren other than hys Apprentyce eny poynte of his Crafte





c1600 (c1395) Pierce Ploughmans Crede (Trin Cambr R315) l 272 Knowest ou outa creatour

on er e $at coude me my Crede teche and trewliche enfourme

1687 R FRANCK Philos Treat Original amp Production Things 65 If therefore another Mans knowledge

profit me nothing except he enforms me the Measures he knows [etc]

b Without indirect object Obs

c1400 (c1378) L ANGLAND Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B XV l 548 Al for to enforme e faith in

fele contreyes

c1400 (c1380) CHAUCER tr Boethius De Consol Philos (BL Add 10340) (1868) I pr iv 265 Certis

ou enfourmedist [c1425 Cambr conformedest] is sentence at is to seyne at commune

inges or comunabletes weren blysful yif [etc]

a1500 (c1340) R R OLLE Psalter (Univ Oxf 64) (1884) Prol 3 The sange of psalmesquemes god it

enformes perfytnes it dosaway amp distroys noy and angire of saule

1589 G PUTTENHAM Arte Eng Poesie I xviii 31 These Eglogues came after to containe and enforme

morall discipline

1605 B ACON Of Aduancem Learning II sig Ff2 The boundes of this knowledge are that it sufficeth to

conuince Atheisme but not to informe Religion

4

a trans To provide (a magistrate or other person in authority) with

accusatory or incriminatory information against a person or group Cf

INFORMATION n 4 5

1526 Bible ( Tyndale ) Acts xxiv 1 Ananiaswith senioures and with a certayne oratour named

Tartullusenfourmed the ruelar agaynst Paul

1592 T N ASHE Strange Newes sig H4 Shall I informe thee (that vnfruitfullie endeuorst to informe

authoritie against me) why I infixed those Poeticall latine margent notes to some fewe pages in

the beginning of Pierce Pennilesse

1648 R Y OUNGE Cause amp Cure Ignorance 95 Those false Prophetssought to undermine Steven that so

they might have matter wherby to informe the Councell against him

a1723 G W HITEHEAD Christian Progress (1725) I 68 The said John Gurden and Thomas Waldgrave

being both on the Bench and our Adversaries and Accusers informed the Judge against us1791 T K ING Check on Uncharitableness II v 74 There was at that time in Court a certain Orator who

informed the Judge against the prisoner

1841 G P R J AMES Ancient Reacutegime I 42 His life was entirely in the hands of six or seven infamous

spies whose views and purposes it did not suit to inform the police against him

1912 W C BRAITHWAITE Beginnings Quakerism iv 108 At the ensuing assizes the opposing justices

informed the judge against him

2003 Statesman ( India ) (Nexis) 20 Jan The state government hasasked residents to inform the

authorities against those found involved in poaching

b intr To give accusatory or incriminatory information about a person

v





their actions etc esp to a person in authority to bring a charge or

complaint (cf INFORMATION n 5)Chiefly with against on

1588ndash9 Act 31 Eliz c 5 sect3 Any suche officers of recorde as haveheretofore laufullye used to exhibite

informacions or sue upon penall lawesmay informe and pursue in that behalfe as they might

have done before the making of this Acte

1592 A D AY 2nd Pt Eng Secretorie sig S4 in Eng Secretorie (rev ed) Sinisterly to speake or

otherwise to informe agaynst them

1608 SHAKESPEARE King Lear xvi 91 Twas he informd against him

1661 J W EBSTER amp W R OWLEY Cure for Cuckold (1661) IV i sig F This Informerhad belike some

private dealings with her and there got a GooseThis fellow in revenge for this informs against

the Bawd that kept the house

1731 F H ARE Serm 19 Who at this time does not think it not only commendable but the Duty of every

honest Man to inform against those Monsters who set up for Incendiaries

1766 O GOLDSMITH Vicar of Wakefield II ii 49 Even tho it may benefit the public you must not informagainst him

1809 R L ANGFORD Introd Trade 9 Parties have reason to fear being informed against

1885 Law Rep Queens Bench Div 14 201 It seems to me doubtful whether the Crown can appoint

anybody to go into Court and inform other than the Attorney General

1889 lsquoR BOLDREWOODrsquo Robbery under Arms xxiv Somebody had informed on the man

1915 A CONAN DOYLE Valley of Fear II iv 232 What would you doYou would not inform

1987 A S B YATT Sugar 45 He felt reluctant to inform on the boy who seemed so harmless and

considerate

2000 S V ICKERS Miss Garnets Angel 74 And in the end a certain one of our tribe in Nineveh doubtless

seeking advancement or immunity for his own family went and informed on me

5 trans (refl) To gain knowledge instruction or information to

acquaint oneself with something to get to know to learn

1548 A B ACON tr B Ochino Serm sig Diii It would be a thing pleasaunt to me if euerye man shulde

make prayer to God for methat I mightenforme my selfe I my selfe were it not by Christe

shoulde not knowe what to aske

1583 R P tr P de la Sierra Second Pt Myrror of Knighthood f 330 Informing her selfe howe that he

was gone towards Grecia she did determine to follow him

a1616 SHAKESPEARE Winters Tale (1623) II i 169 Informe your selues We neede no more of your

aduice

1623 W GOUGE Serm Extent Gods Provid sect15 The Bishop of Londonsent to me to inform myself

thorowly of the whole businesse

1697 W D AMPIER New Voy around World v 114 They confessed that they came purposely to view our

Ship andto inform themselves what we were

1747 in Colonial Rec Pennsylvania (1851) V 84 To inform myself how you do and what passes among

the Indians

1775 C JOHNSTON Pilgrim 208 The motivewas to inform myself particularly in the laws

v





1847 G GROTE Hist Greece III II xvii 306 Informing himself moreover of passing events by means of

ubiquitous spies and officials

1861 M P ATTISON in Westm Rev 19 407 Edwardrequires his ambassador to observe the young prince

and to inform himself of his character and disposition

1897 G GISSING Whirlpool I vii 74 Her acquaintances in London still took trouble to inform themselves

of her movements

1955 B P YM Less than Angels v 58 lsquoIt is a pityrsquo he wrote lsquothat the author did not take the trouble toinform himself of some of the elementary facts underlying the social structure of these peoplesrsquo

2007 Times Educ Suppl (Nexis) 30 Mar 6 She feels that she does not know enough about what each

political party is offering in order to vote Andshe does not think she will have time to inform

herself

II To give form to put into form or shape 6 trans

a To put into (material) form or shape to form shape mould fashion

create (also) to put into proper form or order Now rare (chiefly poetin later use)

in quot a1382 to form up (troops) for battle

a1382 Bible ( Wycliffite EV ) (Douce 370) 1 Chron xii 33 Of Zabulon thatstoden in the scheltrun

enfourmed [L instructi ] in armys of batail

1440 tr Palladius De Re Rustica (Duke Humfrey) (1896) X 85 ( MED) Nowe medis newe

enfourmeIn places like a valey

1532 (c1385) Usks Test Love in W W Skeat Chaucerian amp Other Pieces (1897) 53 Oon fader maker

of al goodnes enformed hem al and al mortal folk of one sede arn greyned

1590 SPENSER Faerie Queene III VI sig Hh Infinite shapes of creaturesInformed in the mud on which

the Sunne hath shynd

1621 R BURTON Anat Melancholy II III V 416 If he found her he may as happily finde another if hee

made herhe may as good cheap informe another

1643 SIR T BROWNE Religio Medici (Authorized ed) I sect35 And so Omniety informed Nullity into an

Essence

1646 R CRASHAW Musicks Duell in Steps to Temple 103 Awakes his Lute and gainst the fight to come

Informes it

1712 Misc Poems amp Transl 224 The great Source and Parent of the Day Fashiond the Creature and

informd the Clay

1763 G C ANNING Epist from William Lord Russell 18 Watch oer my Son inform his waxen youth

1908 M J C AWEIN Poems V 305 Tooerwhelm the Deathmdashthat Winter throned Amid the treesmdashwith

love that she [sc Springtime] hath owned Since God informed her from His very breath

1964 T MCGRATH New amp Sel Poems 72 Now with his thought the rank and maundy worldHe stiffens

as a hand informs a glove And drags each lank potential into form

dagger b to inform the peace (and variants) to make peace Obs [Compare Old French enformer la pais (13th cent)]

v





a1400 (a1338) R M ANNYNG Chron (Petyt) II 285 $idercom e tresorere at had bien messengere

with e Cardinalle forto enforme e pes

a1400 (a1338) R M ANNYNG Chron (Petyt) (1996) II 4026 $o messengers camenbifor Richard alle

samen amp enformed his pes

daggerc To compose or formulate (a document) Obs

c1450 (a1400) Wars Alexander (Ashm) l 2751 A pistill he enfourmes [a1500 Trin Dublin

enformes] Wrate a writt of his will so sendis to his princes

1523 LD BERNERS tr J Froissart Cronycles I xxxix 53 He enformed his somones and sentto kepe the

towne and frontersagaynst his ennemies

daggerd To delineate sketch describe Obs rare

1615 G CHAPMAN tr Homer Odysses (new ed) I 1 The man O Muse inform that many a way Wound

with his wisdom to his wished stay

dagger7 intr To take form to form or be formed to appear in a visible

shape Obs

1588 A K ING tr P Canisius Cathechisme or Schort Instr 223 The Charitie of God is powred forth in

thair hartesand informes or inhaeligres in the same

a1616 SHAKESPEARE Macbeth (1623) II i 48 It is the bloody Businesse which informes Thus to mineEyes

1652 News from Lowe Countreys 1 When first the first confused Masse Did from its mish mash

medley passe To those four segregated forms Whose re-commixture now informs

III To give form or determinant character to see FORM n 4 8 trans

a Originally to give determinant character to (see FORM n 4) Hence

to imbue or impregnate with a specific quality or attribute to impart

some pervading quality or spirit to (also) to fill or affect (the mind or

heart) with a feeling thought etc to inspireQuot a1425 could be understood as exemplifying sense 8b

In quot c1450 to give form to (a statement principle etc) to exemplify illustrate

a1398 J TREVISA tr Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add) f 130 Aristotel sei

at fourme ha hit silf as it were a man for he may enfourme many matieris as a man may

brynge many wommen wi childe

a1425 W YCLIF Sel Eng Wks (1869) I 115 $us bi greetnesse of fei enfourmed wi charite ben sichesoulis maad hool





c1450 (c1425) St Christina in Anglia (1885) 8 125 At is be shewed wi ensaumpil wee enforme

hit at wee haue seyde wi a dede of Cristyne

a1616 SHAKESPEARE Coriolanus (1623) V iii 71 The God of Souldiersinforme Thy thoughts with

Noblenesse

1646 SIR T BROWNE Pseudodoxia Epidemica II ii 61 If an iron be touched beforeit admits not this

magneticall impression as being already informed by the Load-stone

1711 J A DDISON Spectator No 13 para6 Could theyinform their Faces with as significant Looks andPassions

1758 W BLACKSTONE Study of Law in Comm Laws Eng (1765) I 37 [To] inform them with a desire to

be still better acquainted with the laws and constitution of their country

1830 TENNYSON Sleeping Beauty ii in Poems 144 Her constant beauty doth inform Stillness with love

and day with light

1861 J S MILL Utilitarianism ii 32 The Christian religion is fitted to inform the hearts and minds of

mankind with a spirit which should enable them to find for themselves what is right

1928 W E BROWN Archit Middle Ages ii 108 It remains to be shown how the Church as a free

juridical society informed the institutions of the Middle Ages with the governance of law1984 J B ARNES Flauberts Parrot viii 113 Given the benign impatience of his traveller Flaubert

informs the excursion with an approving lyricism

1999 Jrnl Afr Cultural Stud 12 169 His racialnational identity informs his work with authenticity

b Of a quality principle etc to be the determinant principle of to

give a thing its essential quality or character to inspire animate to

pervade In later use more generally (of an experience etc) to

influence to affect

a1398 J TREVISA tr Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add) f 27 $is spirit

animalispassi in e middel den at hatte logica to make e intellect and vndirstondinge parfite

And whanne he ha informed e intellect anne he passi to e denne of mynde

a1475 (a1425) tr R Higden Polychron (Harl 2261) (1865) I 33 ( MED) Cristen menwhen

feithe and grace of sacramentes informede the life of theyme

1555 T P AYNELL tr J L Vives Office of Husband sig Qiiij The good example of y husband the which

to informe and fashion the womans life and his family withall is of no lesse valure and force

then the example of a prince to informe the publique maners amp customes of a citye

1605 G CHAPMAN Al Fooles I i Without loueAll vertues borne in men lye buried For loue informes

them as the Sunne dothe colours

1667 MILTON Paradise Lost III 593 Not all parts like but all alike informd Which [read With] radiant

light as glowing Iron with fire

1700 S COBB Poetae Britannici 12 Unstoln Promethean Fire informs his Song

1771 Muse in Miniature 144 This scull might once contain Some rich materials for the lofty strain

Enformd enrapt with more than mortal fire

1814 H F C ARY tr Dante Vision III VII 132 The elementsand what of them is made Are by created

virtue informd

1820 SHELLEY Prometheus Unbound I i 31 Speak the words which I would hear Although no thought

inform thine empty voice

e





1871 M B BETHAM-EDWARDS Sylvestres II ii 38 Even inhappy England the spirit of caste informs the

very breath and life of the nation

1912 H BELLOC This amp That amp Other 222 Just as an Englishman is English or as a poem is informed by

a definite scheme of rhythm

1942 E K CHAMBERS Sheaf of Stud 100 There can be no doubt that an early familiaritywith great

books is one of the forces which make most strongly for education Insensibly by ways silent and

undreamt of it informs the character and moulds the imagination1996 Observer Life 31 Mar 241 The belief that the British working class is in terminal decline is often

informed by a particular idea about what working classness is

2001 Amer Hist Rev 106 15122 We see little of how his early experience informed his worldview or

affected his inner life

c spec Of a soul life etc to impart life or spirit to to inspire animate

1594 R C AREW tr J Huarte Exam Mens Wits iv 50 If a reasonable soule informe a well

instrumentalized body (as was that of Adam) his knowledge comes little behind that of the

subtillest diuell

1606 L BRYSKETT Disc Ciuill Life 129 His opinionthat the soules were created in a certaine number to

the end they might informe so many bodies

1611 G CHAPMAN tr Homer Iliads XXII 311 A soul of iron informs thee

1643 SIR T BROWNE Religio Medici (Authorized ed) I sect12 If one Soul were so perfect as to inform three

distinct Bodies that were a petty Trinity

1677 T G ALE Court of Gentiles Pt III III 105 Plotinus and Hermes Trismegistus tel us lsquothat Images

were made as bodies to be informed by Ghosts as with soulsrsquo

1700 M PRIOR Carmen Saeligculare 17 Long as Breath informs this fleeting Frame

1769 T SMOLLETT Adventures of Atom I 32 All the most eminent physicians in Japan were consulted

about this strange tickling and tingling and among these the celebrated Fan-sey whose spirit

afterwards informed the body of Rabelais

a1807 W ORDSWORTH Prelude (1959) IV 116 How the immortal Soul with God-like power Informs

creates and thaws the deepest sleep That time can lay upon her

1814 H F C ARY tr Dante Vision III IV 53 When nature gave it [sc the soul] to inform her mold

1878 B T AYLOR Prince Deukalion II iv 81 By one soul Informed

1912 F B MONEY -COUTTS Psyche 34 Sculpture and painting brought their brave array Of sensuous

matter by a soul informed

1982 J J E GRACIA tr F Suarez Suarez On Individuation vi 126 The same soul can naturally inform

various matters at different times

2004 B K REITZER Reforming Mary vi 124 The lsquosecondrsquo conception when the newly created soul

informs the body

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition September 2009)





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1440 Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl 221) 261 Informyn or techyn informo instruo

a1500 tr Thomas agrave Kempis De Imitatione Christi (Trin Dublin) (1893) 70 ( MED) Visite me lorde

ofte tymes amp enforme wi disciplines of konnyng

a1500 (c1340) R R OLLE Psalter (Univ Oxf 64) (1884) xxxi 10 Vndirstandynge i sall gif till e and i

sall enfourme [L instruam] e

1521 A B ARCLAY Bk Codrus amp Mynalcas sig D His sight enfourmeth the rude and ignorant

1526 Bible ( Tyndale ) 1 Cor ii 16 For who knoweth the mynde of the lorde other who shall informehym

1589 T N ASHE Almond for Parrat sig 10 The nouice that comes to be informed desireth to enforme

others before he bee enformed himselfe

1621 R BURTON Anat Melancholy I II IV ii 194 That leaues his son to a covetous Schoolmaster to be

informed

1666 BP S P ARKER Free Censvre Platonick Philos (1667) 77 A huge lushious stilerather loaths and

nauceats a discreet understanding than informs and nourishes it

1710 J NORRIS Treat Christian Prudence vii 327 The Prudent Christian will be sure to give all

diligence to inform his Conscience aright in the full extent of his Christian Duty that so he may neither act wrong nor be accountable for not knowing what was right

1791 W GIFFORD Baviad 256 So may thy varied verse from age to age Inform the simple and delight

the sage

a1795 S BISHOP Poet Wks (1796) II 99 Sense quick to learn and glad tinform

1824 G W DOANE Songs by Way 23 Thou only canst inform the mind

1878 J MORLEY J de Maistre in Crit Misc 137 To guide and inform an universal conscience

1927 Hispania 10 409 He desires that beautiful fiction be based on truth and observation it may

teach and informand it must be moral to be beautiful

1959 D JOHNSTON In Search of Swift ii 11 Whatcould be more convenient and authentic than a mansown account of himselfmdashalways assuming that his intention is to inform us and not the reverse

1993 A R A MMONS Garbage 50 The words do for us what other languages do for othersmdashthey warn

inform reassure compare present

b To train or instruct (a person) in a particular course of action to

educate or give information about some subject doctrine etc to teach

or apprise how to do something Also intrChiefly with about as to on or subordinate clause formerly also with daggerin daggerof daggerto daggerwith or with

infinitive

c1384 Bible ( Wycliffite EV ) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Dan xii 3 Thei that lernen or enfourmen [L

erudiunt ] manye to ritwijsnesse

a1400 (a1325) Medit on Supper of our Lord (Harl) l 238 ( MED) $ou mayst se How he enformed

hem yn charyte

a1425 (c1380) CHAUCER tr Boethius De Consol Philos I pr iii 66 [Socrates Zeno etc] weren

enformyd [L instituti ] of myne [sc Philosophys] maneris

c1480 (a1400) St Nicholas 55 in W M Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc Dial (1896) I 482 His

fadirgert informe hyme besyly In liberale hartis sutely

1528 J SKELTON Honorificatissimo Replycacion agaynst Yong Scolers sig Aii They were but febly v



























2003 M K RAAK

amp F ORMELING


patterns







wi er pope







Rise kill eat


v

v
















tangled wood














loss of our barnes









die


you

v












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all the mysteries













as I have one

















the senate




saue thy life









roade from Dublin


I had made















v












nothing but woe




of risks








removal













Obs


enforme













fele contreyes







morall discipline



4



INFORMATION n 4 5


















v

























considerate











aduice






the Indians


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of her movements




herself
















Essence


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informd the Clay







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shape Obs























Noblenesse







and day with light










influence to affect

















virtue informd



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subtillest diuell





















informs the body


































2003 M K RAAK

amp F ORMELING


patterns







wi er pope







Rise kill eat


v

v
















tangled wood














loss of our barnes









die


you

v












someone about this
















all the mysteries













as I have one

















the senate




saue thy life









roade from Dublin


I had made















v












nothing but woe




of risks








removal













Obs


enforme













fele contreyes







morall discipline



4



INFORMATION n 4 5


















v

























considerate











aduice






the Indians


v










of her movements




herself
















Essence


Informes it


informd the Clay







v


















shape Obs























Noblenesse







and day with light










influence to affect

















virtue informd



e


















subtillest diuell





















informs the body























tangled wood














loss of our barnes









die


you

v












someone about this
















all the mysteries













as I have one

















the senate




saue thy life









roade from Dublin


I had made















v












nothing but woe




of risks








removal













Obs


enforme













fele contreyes







morall discipline



4



INFORMATION n 4 5


















v

























considerate











aduice






the Indians


v










of her movements




herself
















Essence


Informes it


informd the Clay







v


















shape Obs























Noblenesse







and day with light










influence to affect

















virtue informd



e


















subtillest diuell





















informs the body



















someone about this
















all the mysteries













as I have one

















the senate




saue thy life









roade from Dublin


I had made















v












nothing but woe




of risks








removal













Obs


enforme













fele contreyes







morall discipline



4



INFORMATION n 4 5


















v

























considerate











aduice






the Indians


v










of her movements




herself
















Essence


Informes it


informd the Clay







v


















shape Obs























Noblenesse







and day with light










influence to affect

















virtue informd



e


















subtillest diuell





















informs the body



















the senate




saue thy life









roade from Dublin


I had made















v












nothing but woe




of risks








removal













Obs


enforme













fele contreyes







morall discipline



4



INFORMATION n 4 5


















v

























considerate











aduice






the Indians


v










of her movements




herself
















Essence


Informes it


informd the Clay







v


















shape Obs























Noblenesse







and day with light










influence to affect

















virtue informd



e


















subtillest diuell





















informs the body



















nothing but woe




of risks








removal













Obs


enforme













fele contreyes







morall discipline



4



INFORMATION n 4 5


















v

























considerate











aduice






the Indians


v










of her movements




herself
















Essence


Informes it


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shape Obs























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INFORMATION n 4 5


















v

























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the Indians


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Essence


Informes it


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shape Obs























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influence to affect

















virtue informd



e


















subtillest diuell





















informs the body
































considerate











aduice






the Indians


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of her movements




herself
















Essence


Informes it


informd the Clay







v


















shape Obs























Noblenesse







and day with light










influence to affect

















virtue informd



e


















subtillest diuell





















informs the body

















of her movements




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Essence


Informes it


informd the Clay







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shape Obs























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influence to affect

















virtue informd



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subtillest diuell





















informs the body

























shape Obs























Noblenesse







and day with light










influence to affect

















virtue informd



e


















subtillest diuell





















informs the body















Noblenesse







and day with light










influence to affect

















virtue informd



e


















subtillest diuell





















informs the body

























subtillest diuell





















informs the body








Inform, V. Oed

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